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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
期末综合基础测试卷
（考查 Unit 6-Seasons, Unit 7-Natural World, Unit 8-Safe and sound）
一、词汇选择题（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
1.The monsoon season brings ________ rainfall to Southeast Asia.
A. dry
B. continuous
C. rare
D. light
2.________ can disrupt the balance of forest ecosystems.
A. Tree planting
B. Tree cutting
C. Urbanization
D. Farming
3.The ________ warning system gave residents time to evacuate the coast.
A. tidal wave
B. hurricane
C. drought
D. famine
4.In autumn, the ________ of cold weather triggers leaf fall.
A. end
B. beginning
C. middle
D. peak
5.Wetlands act as natural filters, ________ water pollution.
A. Worsening
B. Reducing
C. Causing
D. Ignoring
6.The ________ after the earthquake further damaged buildings.
A. Small earthquakes
B. Heavy rains
C. Strong winds
D. Floods
7.The ________ of rainforests is threatened by logging.
A. Variety of life
B. Plant growth
C. Water systems
D. Climate patterns
8.During a storm, we see ________ and hear thunder.
A. Rainbows
B. Stars
C. Flashes
D. Snow
9.The carbon sink function of forests helps ________ CO .
A. Release
B. Store
C. Produce
D. Waste
10.________ farming aims to preserve natural habitats.
A. Harmful
B. Eco-friendly
C. Traditional
D. Modern
二、语法选择题（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
11.When the earthquake started, I ______ my homework.
A. do B. did C. was doing D. have done
12.The rescue team, ______ mission was to find survivors, worked overnight.
A. which B. whose C. that D. whom
13.It is essential that buildings ______ to withstand earthquakes.
A. design B. are designed C. be designed D. designed
14.______ by the storm, the city suffered power outages.
A. Hit B. Hitting C. To hit D. Having hit
15.The conference on climate change ______ last month was successful.
A. holding B. held C. to hold D. having held
16.Not until the floodwaters ______ did rescue teams enter.
A. recede B. receded C. have receded D. had receded
17.If the dam ______, the town would be flooded.
A. bursts B. burst C. had burst D. would burst
18.The students ______ a lesson when the fire alarm rang.
A. have B. had C. are having D. were having
19.______ in the shelter, families received food and water.
A. Staying B. Stay C. To stay D. Stayed
20.So severe ______ the hurricane that the city declared a state of emergency.
A. was B. were C. had been D. have been
三、词汇填空题（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
21.The i______ of climate change is evident in extreme weather.
22.Emergency plans include procedures for e______ in case of fire.
23.The Great Barrier Reef is a vital coral r______.
24.In spring, birds return with the a______ of warm weather.
25.The h______ destroyed crops and caused food shortages.
26.Scientists study seismic waves to p______ earthquakes.
27.The ______（湿地）help prevent floods and purify water.
28.First aid training teaches how to treat ______（伤口）.
29.The ______（碳循环）regulates global climate.
30.Building ______（规范）specify earthquake resistance standards.
四、语法段落填空（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
Last summer, a typhoon (31)______ (hit) our city. It (32)______ (rain) heavily and winds (33)______ (blow) strongly. Many trees (34)______ (fall) down, and some buildings (35)______ (damage).
Rescue teams (36)______ (dispatch) immediately. They (37)______ (help) people in danger and (38)______ (clear) blocked roads. By evening, the typhoon (39)______ (pass), but the city (40)______ (need) weeks to recover.
五、阅读理解（每小题 2 分，共 40 分）
A
Seasons and Ecosystems
Seasons bring changes to ecosystems. In spring, warmer temperatures trigger plant growth and animal reproduction. Birds return from migration, and flowers bloom. This seasonal cycle is crucial for food chains.
Summer brings long days and abundant sunlight. Plants grow rapidly, providing food for herbivores. Animals like deer and rabbits raise their young during this season. However, extreme heat can stress some species.
Autumn brings cooler temperatures and falling leaves. Many animals prepare for winter by storing food or migrating. Deciduous trees lose their leaves to conserve water. This season is also a time for harvests in agricultural ecosystems.
Winter is a challenging time for many species. Some hibernate, while others adapt to scarce food. Snow cover provides insulation for plants and animals. However, climate change is altering seasonal patterns, affecting ecosystem balance.
41.What do birds do in spring
Hibernate. B. Migrate south.
C. Return from migration. D. Store food.
42. Why do deciduous trees lose leaves in autumn
A. To grow faster. B. To conserve water.
C. To attract animals. D. To prepare for blooming.
43.How do animals adapt to winter
A. By migrating or hibernating. B. By eating more.
C. By reproducing. D. By moving to warmer areas.
44.What is threatening seasonal patterns
A. Pollution. B. Climate change.
C. Deforestation. D. Overhunting.
45.What's the main idea of the passage
A. The beauty of seasons.
B. Seasonal changes and ecosystem responses.
C. Animal migration patterns.
D. The impact of winter on ecosystems.
B
The Value of Wetlands
Wetlands are vital ecosystems that provide many benefits. They act as natural filters, purifying water by removing pollutants. This helps maintain clean drinking water for humans and wildlife.
Wetlands also prevent floods by storing excess water. During heavy rains, they absorb water like sponges, reducing the risk of flooding in nearby areas. This natural flood control saves communities billions of dollars annually.
These ecosystems are home to diverse species. Birds, fish, and amphibians rely on wetlands for breeding and feeding. For example, the American alligator depends on wetlands for survival. Without wetlands, many species would face extinction.
However, wetlands are under threat from development and pollution. Draining wetlands for agriculture or urbanization destroys habitats. Pollution from factories and farms degrades water quality. Protecting wetlands is essential for environmental health.
What is one benefit of wetlands
Causing floods. B. Purifying water.
C. Increasing pollution. D. Destroying habitats.
47.How do wetlands prevent floods
A. By releasing water quickly. B. By storing excess water.
C. By causing droughts. D. By blocking rivers.
48.Why are wetlands important for species
A. They provide food and shelter.
B. They cause extinction.
C. They destroy breeding grounds.
D. They pollute water.
49.What threatens wetlands
A. Development and pollution.
B. Clean water.
C. Natural floods.
D. Diverse species.
50.What's the author's purpose
A. To describe wetland animals.
B. To promote wetland protection.
C. To discuss flood control.
D. To explain water purification.
C
Earthquake Safety Tips
Earthquakes can strike without warning, but preparation can save lives. Before an earthquake, secure heavy furniture to walls and keep an emergency kit with food, water, and first aid supplies.
During an earthquake, if indoors, drop to the ground, take cover under a table, and hold on. Avoid windows and heavy objects. If outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings and trees.
After an earthquake, check for injuries and damage. Stay away from damaged buildings, as aftershocks may occur. Listen to emergency broadcasts for updates. Do not use elevators if buildings are damaged.
Practicing earthquake drills at home and school is crucial. Knowing what to do in an emergency reduces panic and increases survival rates. Preparedness is the key to staying safe during earthquakes.
What should you do before an earthquake
Secure furniture and prepare a kit.
Stay near windows.
Use elevators.
D. Go outdoors.
52.What is the "drop, cover, hold on" rule
A. Drop to the ground, cover your head, hold on to a table.
B. Drop your kit, cover the door, hold on to windows.
C. Drop outside, cover under a tree, hold on to furniture.
D. Drop the phone, cover the sink, hold on to the bed.
53.Why should you avoid damaged buildings after an earthquake
A. Because of aftershocks.
B. Because they are too crowded.
C. Because of fires.
D. Because of floods.
54.What's the purpose of earthquake drills
A. To cause panic.
B. To reduce survival rates.
C. To prepare for emergencies.
D. To damage buildings.
55.What's the main topic of the passage
A. Causes of earthquakes.
B. Earthquake safety measures.
C. Earthquake prediction.
D. Aftershock prevention.
D
The Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system, stretching over 2,300 kilometers. It is home to thousands of species, including fish, turtles, and dolphins. Coral reefs provide habitats and protect coasts from storms.
However, the reef is facing serious threats. Climate change causes ocean warming, leading to coral bleaching. When water temperatures rise, corals expel algae, turning white and dying. In 2016, a bleaching event killed 29% of the reef's corals.
Pollution from farms and cities also harms the reef. Nutrients and chemicals in runoff cause algal blooms, smothering corals. Overfishing disrupts the food chain, affecting species that depend on corals.
Efforts to save the reef include reducing carbon emissions and improving water quality. Scientists are also breeding heat-resistant corals. Protecting the Great Barrier Reef is essential for marine biodiversity and coastal communities.
How long is the Great Barrier Reef
230 kilometers. B. 2,300 kilometers.
C. 23,000 kilometers. D. 230,000 kilometers.
57.What causes coral bleaching
A. Cold water. B. Climate change.
C. Overfishing. D. Algal blooms.
58.What is the result of pollution on the reef
A. Healthy corals. B. Algal blooms.
C. Reduced storms. D. More fish.
59.What are scientists doing to help
A. Breeding heat-resistant corals.
B. Increasing carbon emissions.
C. Causing algal blooms.
D. Overfishing.
60.Why is the reef important
A. It causes storms.
B. It protects coasts and supports biodiversity.
C. It produces pollution.
D. It warms the ocean.
六、完形填空（每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
The natural world is full of wonders, but also faces challenges. Seasons (61)______ ecosystems, and natural disasters test human resilience.
In spring, plants bloom and animals (62)______ from migration. This season brings new life, but (63)______ changes like early springs due to climate change can disrupt cycles.
Summer is a time of growth, but (64)______ heatwaves can harm ecosystems. Wetlands (65)______ water and prevent floods, playing a vital role in (66)______ balance.
Autumn brings cooler temperatures, but (67)______ can damage crops. Winter brings snow, but heavy (68)______ can cause avalanches.
Natural disasters like earthquakes and (69)______ require munities must (70)______ emergency plans and (71)______ drills. Building codes ensure structures (72)______ earthquakes, while early warning systems (73)______ tsunamis.
Every season and disaster (74)______ us to respect nature and prepare for challenges. By working together, we can (75)______ the natural world and protect communities.
61.A. change B. destroy C. ignore D. harm
62.A. leave B. return C. hide D. die
63.A. natural B. normal C. unusual D. regular
64.A. mild B. extreme C. cool D. warm
65.A. waste B. pollute C. store D. drink
66.A. ecological B. economic C. social D. political
67.A. floods B. typhoons C. droughts D. earthquakes
68.A. rain B. snow C. wind D. fog
69.A. parties B. drills C. meetings D. tsunamis
70.A. ignore B. develop C. forget D. dislike
71.A. cancel B. avoid C. conduct D. miss
72.A. cause B. withstand C. create D. increase
73.A. predict B. stop C. cause D. ignore
74.A. teaches B. harms C. destroys D. avoids
75.A. damage B. protect C. change D. forget
七、书面表达（5 分）
The Importance of Protecting Ecosystems
写一篇文章，讨论为什么生态系统很重要，以及如何保护它们。包括:
1.生态系统在自然界和人类中扮演的角色。
2.对生态系统的威胁（如气候变化、污染）。
3.个人和政府可以采取的行动来保护他们。至少写80个单词。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
期末综合基础测试卷答案解析
一、词汇选择题答案解析
答案：B
解析：“monsoon season”（季风季节）的特点是降雨 “持续不断”，“continuous” 意为 “连续的”，符合语境。“dry”（干燥的）、“rare”（稀少的）、“light”（轻微的）均不符合季风季节多雨的特征，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：“disrupt the balance of forest ecosystems”（破坏森林生态系统平衡），“Tree cutting”（砍伐树木）会直接破坏森林，导致生态失衡。“Tree planting”（植树）有利于生态；“Urbanization”（城市化）、“Farming”（农业）对森林生态的破坏不如砍伐树木直接，所以选 B。
答案：A
解析：“tsunami” 即 “tidal wave”（海啸），海啸预警系统能让居民及时撤离海岸，符合语境。“hurricane”（飓风）、“drought”（干旱）、“famine”（饥荒）的预警系统与 “coast”（海岸）关联不大，所以选 A。
答案：B
解析：秋天寒冷天气的 “开始”（beginning）会引发落叶，“onset” 意为 “开始”，与 “beginning” 意思相近。“end”（结束）、“middle”（中间）、“peak”（顶峰）均不符合落叶由寒冷天气初至引发的逻辑，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：湿地作为天然过滤器，作用是 “减少”（reducing）水污染。“Worsening”（加剧）、“Causing”（导致）、“Ignoring”（忽视）均与湿地净化水的功能相悖，所以选 B。
答案：A
解析：地震后进一步破坏建筑物的是 “余震”，即 “Small earthquakes”（小地震）。“Heavy rains”（大雨）、“Strong winds”（强风）、“Floods”（洪水）并非地震后特有的、直接加剧建筑物损坏的因素，所以选 A。
答案：A
解析：“biodiversity” 指 “生物多样性”，即 “Variety of life”（生物的多样性），伐木会威胁雨林的生物多样性。“Plant growth”（植物生长）、“Water systems”（水系）、“Climate patterns”（气候模式）虽受影响，但 “biodiversity” 的核心是生物种类的多样性，所以选 A。
答案：C
解析：暴风雨中，我们会看到 “闪电”（flashes）并听到雷声，“flashes” 在此处指闪电的闪光。“Rainbows”（彩虹）、“Stars”（星星）、“Snow”（雪）均不与 “thunder”（雷声）同时出现在暴风雨中，所以选 C。
答案：B
解析：森林的碳汇功能是 “储存”（store）二氧化碳，减少大气中二氧化碳含量。“Release”（释放）、“Produce”（产生）、“Waste”（浪费）均与碳汇功能相反，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：“preserve natural habitats”（保护自然栖息地）体现的是 “生态友好型”（eco-friendly）农业的目标。“Harmful”（有害的）与保护栖息地相悖；“Traditional”（传统的）、“Modern”（现代的）农业不一定以保护栖息地为目标，所以选 B。
二、语法选择题答案解析
答案：C
解析：“When the earthquake started”（地震发生时）是过去的时间点，主句动作 “做家庭作业” 正在进行，用过去进行时 “was doing”，所以选 C。
答案：B
解析：先行词 “the rescue team” 与 “mission” 是所属关系，用 “whose” 引导定语从句，意为 “救援队的任务”，所以选 B。
答案：C
解析：“It is essential that...” 句型中，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”，“should” 可省略，“buildings” 与 “design” 是被动关系，所以用 “be designed”，选 C。
答案：A
解析：“the city” 与 “hit” 是被动关系，用过去分词 “Hit” 作状语，表原因，相当于 “Because the city was hit by the storm”，所以选 A。
答案：B
解析：“the conference” 与 “hold” 是被动关系，且 “last month” 表明动作发生在过去，用过去分词 “held” 作后置定语，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：“Not until” 引导时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时 “did rescue teams enter”，从句也用一般过去时 “receded”，表示 “洪水退去后救援队伍进入”，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：这是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时 “burst”，主句用 “would be flooded”，所以选 B。
答案：D
解析：“when the fire alarm rang”（火警响起时）是过去的时间点，主句动作 “上课” 正在进行，用过去进行时 “were having”，所以选 D。
答案：A
解析：“families” 与 “stay” 是主动关系，用现在分词 “Staying” 作伴随状语，表 “在避难所时，家庭收到了食物和水”，所以选 A。
答案：A
解析：“So severe” 置于句首，句子倒装，主语 “the hurricane” 是单数，用一般过去时 “was”，所以选 A。
三、词汇填空题答案解析
答案：impact
解析：“the impact of climate change”（气候变化的影响），“impact” 意为 “影响”，符合 “极端天气中气候变化的影响很明显” 的语境。
答案：evacuation
解析：“emergency plans”（应急计划）包含火灾时的 “疏散”（evacuation）程序，“evacuation” 是名词，符合语境。
答案：reef
解析：“The Great Barrier Reef”（大堡礁）是重要的珊瑚 “礁”（reef），所以填 “reef”。
答案：arrival
解析：春天，随着温暖天气的 “到来”（arrival），鸟儿归来，“arrival” 是名词，符合语境。
答案：hurricane
解析：“destroyed crops and caused food shortages”（毁坏庄稼并导致粮食短缺），结合首字母 “h”，“hurricane”（飓风）符合语境。
答案：predict
解析：科学家研究地震波是为了 “预测”（predict）地震，“to” 后接动词原形，所以填 “predict”。
答案：wetlands
解析：“湿地” 的英文是 “wetlands”，此处用复数表示泛指，湿地有助于防洪和净水。
答案：wounds
解析：“伤口” 的英文是 “wound”，是可数名词，此处用复数 “wounds”，表示 “急救培训教人们如何处理伤口”。
答案：carbon cycle
解析：“碳循环” 的英文是 “carbon cycle”，它调节全球气候。
答案：codes
解析：“Building codes”（建筑规范）规定了抗震标准，“codes” 意为 “规范”，符合语境。
四、语法段落填空题答案解析
答案：hit
解析：“Last summer” 表明用一般过去时，“hit” 的过去式是 “hit”，表 “台风袭击城市”。
答案：rained
解析：描述过去的动作，“rain” 的过去式是 “rained”，表 “下大雨”。
答案：blew
解析：“wind” 与 “blow” 是主动关系，过去式是 “blew”，表 “风刮得很大”。
答案：fell
解析：“fall down”（倒下）的过去式是 “fell”，表 “许多树倒下了”。
答案：were damaged
解析：“buildings” 与 “damage” 是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态 “were damaged”，表 “一些建筑物被损坏”。
答案：were dispatched
解析：“rescue teams” 与 “dispatch”（派遣）是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态 “were dispatched”，表 “救援队伍立即被派遣”。
答案：helped
解析：描述过去的动作，“help” 的过去式是 “helped”，表 “他们帮助了处于危险中的人们”。
答案：cleared
解析：与 “helped” 并列，用一般过去时 “cleared”，表 “清理堵塞的道路”。
答案：had passed
解析：“by evening”（到晚上时）是过去的时间点，“台风过去” 发生在之前，用过去完成时 “had passed”。
答案：needed
解析：描述过去的情况，“need” 的过去式是 “needed”，表 “城市需要几周时间恢复”。
五、阅读理解答案解析
A 篇
答案：C
解析：根据 “In spring... Birds return from migration” 可知，春天鸟儿从迁徙地返回，所以选 C。
答案：B
解析：由 “Deciduous trees lose their leaves to conserve water” 可知，落叶树秋天落叶是为了保存水分，所以选 B。
答案：A
解析：从 “Winter is a challenging time for many species. Some hibernate, while others adapt to scarce food” 可知，动物通过冬眠或适应食物短缺来应对冬天，“adapt to scarce food” 包含迁徙等方式，所以选 A。
答案：B
解析：根据 “climate change is altering seasonal patterns” 可知，气候变化正改变季节模式，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：文章主要讲述了季节变化以及生态系统的反应，所以选 B。
B 篇
答案：B
解析：根据 “They act as natural filters, purifying water by removing pollutants” 可知，湿地的一个好处是净化水，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：由 “Wetlands also prevent floods by storing excess water” 可知，湿地通过储存多余的水来防洪，所以选 B。
答案：A
解析：从 “These ecosystems are home to diverse species. Birds, fish, and amphibians rely on wetlands for breeding and feeding” 可知，湿地为物种提供食物和栖息地，所以选 A。
答案：A
解析：根据 “wetlands are under threat from development and pollution” 可知，湿地面临开发和污染的威胁，所以选 A。
答案：B
解析：文章介绍了湿地的重要性及面临的威胁，目的是倡导保护湿地，所以选 B。
C 篇
答案：A
解析：根据 “Before an earthquake, secure heavy furniture to walls and keep an emergency kit” 可知，地震前应固定家具并准备应急包，所以选 A。
答案：A
解析：由 “during an earthquake, if indoors, drop to the ground, take cover under a table, and hold on” 可知，“drop, cover, hold on” 指的是躲到地上、在桌子下掩护并抓紧，所以选 A。
答案：A
解析：从 “After an earthquake... Stay away from damaged buildings, as aftershocks may occur” 可知，远离受损建筑是因为可能有余震，所以选 A。
答案：C
解析：根据 “Practicing earthquake drills at home and school is crucial. Knowing what to do in an emergency reduces panic” 可知，地震演练是为了应对紧急情况，所以选 C。
答案：B
解析：文章主要介绍了地震前、中、后的安全措施，所以选 B。
D 篇
答案：B
解析：根据 “The Great Barrier Reef... stretching over 2,300 kilometers” 可知，大堡礁长 2300 公里，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：由 “Climate change causes ocean warming, leading to coral bleaching” 可知，气候变化导致珊瑚白化，所以选 B。
答案：B
解析：从 “Pollution from farms and cities also harms the reef. Nutrients and chemicals in runoff cause algal blooms” 可知，污染导致藻类大量繁殖，所以选 B。
答案：A
解析：根据 “Scientists are also breeding heat-resistant corals” 可知，科学家在培育耐热珊瑚，所以选 A。
答案：B
解析：由 “Coral reefs provide habitats and protect coasts from storms” 可知，大堡礁保护海岸并支持生物多样性，所以选 B。
六、完形填空答案解析
答案：A
解析：季节会 “改变”（change）生态系统，符合 “季节影响生态” 的逻辑。“destroy”（破坏）、“ignore”（忽视）、“harm”（伤害）均不符合季节与生态系统的正常关系，所以选 A。
答案：B
解析：春天，动物从迁徙地 “返回”（return），与 “In spring... new life” 呼应。“leave”（离开）、“hide”（隐藏）、“die”（死亡）均不符合春天的生机，所以选 B。
答案：C
解析：“early springs due to climate change”（因气候变化导致的早春）是 “不寻常的”（unusual）变化，会扰乱生态循环。“natural”（自然的）、“normal”（正常的）、“regular”（有规律的）均不符合 “因气候变化导致的异常情况”，所以选 C。
答案：B
解析：“harm ecosystems”（危害生态系统）说明热浪 “极端”（extreme）。“mild”（温和的）、“cool”（凉爽的）、“warm”（温暖的）均不会危害生态，所以选 B。
答案：C
解析：湿地 “储存”（store）水以防洪，这是湿地的功能。“waste”（浪费）、“pollute”（污染）、“drink”（饮用）均不符合湿地作用，所以选 C。
答案：A
解析：湿地在 “生态的”（ecological）平衡中起重要作用，“ecological balance”（生态平衡）是固定搭配，所以选 A。
答案：C
解析：秋天的 “干旱”（droughts）会损害农作物，符合季节特点。“floods”（洪水）、“typhoons”（台风）、“earthquakes”（地震）并非秋天损害农作物的典型灾害，所以选 C。
答案：B
解析：冬天 “大雪”（snow）会引发雪崩，“heavy snow”（大雪）符合语境。“rain”（雨）、“wind”（风）、“fog”（雾）引发雪崩的可能性小，所以选 B。
答案：D
解析：“earthquakes”（地震）和 “tsunamis”（海啸）都是自然灾害，需要应急准备。“parties”（派对）、“drills”（演练）、“meetings”（会议）均非自然灾害，所以选 D。
答案：B
解析：社区必须 “制定”（develop）应急计划，这是应急准备的重要内容。“ignore”（忽视）、“forget”（忘记）、“dislike”（不喜欢）均不符合要求，所以选 B。
答案：C
解析：“conduct drills”（进行演练）与 “develop emergency plans” 并列，是应急准备的措施。“cancel”（取消）、“avoid”（避免）、“miss”（错过）均不符合，所以选 C。
答案：B
解析：建筑规范确保建筑物能 “承受”（withstand）地震。“cause”（导致）、“create”（创造）、“increase”（增加）均不符合建筑规范的目的，所以选 B。
答案：A
解析：预警系统 “预测”（predict）海啸，以便及时应对。“stop”（阻止）、“cause”（导致）、“ignore”（忽视）均不符合预警系统的功能，所以选 A。
答案：A
解析：每一个季节和灾害都 “教会”（teaches）我们尊重自然、做好准备。“harms”（伤害）、“destroys”（破坏）、“avoids”（避免）均不符合 “从季节和灾害中学习” 的逻辑，所以选 A。
答案：B
解析：通过共同努力，我们可以 “保护”（protect）自然世界和社区。“damage”（破坏）、“change”（改变）、“forget”（忘记）均不符合积极应对自然的态度，所以选 B。
七、书面表达参考范文
The Importance of Protecting Ecosystems
Ecosystems are vital. They keep nature balanced, provide clean water and air, and support many species. For humans, they offer food and protect us from floods.
But ecosystems face threats. Climate change warms the earth, harming coral reefs and forests. Pollution from factories and plastic waste also damages them.
We can take actions. Individuals can reduce waste and plant trees. Governments should make laws against deforestation and protect wetlands. By working together, we can save ecosystems for our future.

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