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2025暑假仁爱科普版八年级英语上Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors词汇与语法特训
一、用所给单词的正确形式补全句子
1. Scientists use advanced telescopes to observe the _______ (object) in the universe.
2. The _______ (surface) of the moon is full of craters and looks very different from Earth.
3. Solar energy is a clean and renewable source, and the _______ (solar) system provides us with abundant light and _______ (warmth).
4. Man-made _______ (satellite) play an important role in communication, weather forecasting and scientific research.
5. The temperature on Venus can reach over 400 _______ (degree) Celsius, making it extremely hot.
6. We need to use _______ (electricity) wisely and try to save energy in our daily life.
7. The _______ (explore) of Mars has been ongoing for many years, and scientists hope to find signs of life there.
8. The _______ (distance) between the Earth and the Sun is about 149.6 million kilometers.
9. Some planets in the solar system are not suitable for life to _______ (survive) due to extreme environments.
10. With the development of technology, our _______ (understand) of the universe and Earth’s neighbors is constantly deepening.
二、根据汉语意思写单词补全句子
1. The rocket soared into the _______ (宇宙), starting its journey to explore outer space.
2. The _______ (人造的) satellite was successfully launched and began to orbit the Earth.
3. We should protect the _______ (环境) of our Earth to ensure a sustainable future.
4. The _______ (温度) on the moon varies greatly between day and night.
5. Scientists use powerful _______ (望远镜) to observe distant stars and planets.
6. The _______ (小行星) belt is located between Mars and Jupiter.
7. The _______ (责任) of protecting our planet lies in the hands of every one of us.
8. The _______ (探索) of the universe is an endless pursuit for human beings.
9. The Earth is a beautiful planet with abundant _______ (资源) that we need to cherish.
10. The _______ (关系) between the Earth and other planets in the solar system is complex and fascinating.
三、根据首字母提示写单词补全句子
1. The u_______ is vast and full of mysteries waiting to be discovered.
2. A r_______ can carry astronauts and equipment into space.
3. The s_______ of the sun gives us light and heat, which are essential for life on Earth.
4. The Earth is an o_______ that orbits the sun in the solar system.
5. Scientists are constantly working on space e_______ to learn more about our universe.
6. Man-made s_______ help us communicate, predict weather and study the Earth from space.
7. The d_______ between the Earth and the moon is about 384,400 kilometers.
8. Many planets in the solar system are too cold or too hot to s_______ life.
9. We should take r_______ for protecting our planet and its environment.
10. The c_______ is a special celestial body with a long tail that appears when it approaches the sun.
四、单项选择
1. The universe is _______ large that we can’t even imagine its size.
A. so B. such C. too D. very
2. _______ the sun is a star, it looks much bigger than other stars because it’s closer to the Earth.
A. Although B. If C. When D. Because
3. We use _______ to see things that are far away in space.
A. telescopes B. satellites C. rockets D. spaceships
4. The surface temperature of Venus is _______ high for any life to survive.
A. very B. too C. so D. quite
5. _______ planets in the solar system include Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
A. The all B. All the C. Whole the D. The whole
6. The satellite _______ information back to the Earth every day.
A. sends B. sends out C. sends for D. sends up
7. There is _______ water on the moon, so there is no life there.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
8. The exploration of space is not only a scientific task but also a _______ for all mankind.
A. responsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. respond
9. _______ of the earth is covered with water, but most of it is salt water.
A. Three - fourth B. Three - fourths C. Third - fourth D. Thirds - fourths
10. The spaceship is traveling _______ a speed of 28,000 kilometers per hour.
A. in B. at C. with D. for
五、句型转换
1. The satellite orbits the Earth every 90 minutes.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ does the satellite orbit the Earth
2. The sun is a star. It gives out light and heat.（合并为一句）
The sun is a star _______ _______ light and heat.
3. There is some water on Mars.（改为否定句）
There _______ _______ water on Mars.
4. The universe is too large for us to understand completely.（改为同义句）
The universe is _______ large _______ we can’t understand it completely.
5. We use telescopes to observe the stars.（改为被动语态）
Telescopes _______ _______ to observe the stars by us.
6. The diameter of the Earth is about 12,742 kilometers.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ is the diameter of the Earth
7. The rocket has reached space.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ the rocket _______ space
8. Although it’s very cold on Mars, scientists still want to explore it.（改为同义句）
_______ _______ very cold on Mars, scientists still want to explore it.
9. The man-made satellite sends back information.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ the man-made satellite _______ back
10. We should take responsibility for protecting the Earth.（改为同义句）
It’s our _______ _______ protect the Earth.
六、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 宇宙如此广阔，还有许多奥秘等待我们去发现。
The universe is _______ vast _______ there are still many mysteries waiting for us to discover.
2. 人造卫星在帮助我们了解天气方面发挥着重要作用。
Man-made satellites _______ an important _______ in helping us understand the weather.
3. 科学家们正努力证明火星上曾经有水。
Scientists are trying _______ _______ that there was water on Mars.
4. 尽管探索太空很困难，但我们从未放弃。
_______ _______ it’s difficult to explore space, we never give up.
5. 太阳的热量对地球上的生命至关重要。
The _______ of the sun is _______ _______ life on Earth.
6. 从地球到月球的距离约为384,400公里。
The _______ _______ the Earth and the moon is about 384,400 kilometers.
7. 许多国家都在致力于太空探索，以寻找其他星球上的生命。
Many countries are _______ _______ space exploration to look for life on other planets.
8. 我们应该采取行动保护地球，这是我们的责任。
It’s our _______ _______ _______ action to protect the Earth.
9. 当水结冰时，它会膨胀。
When water _______, it _______.
10. 彗星是一种特殊的天体，当它靠近太阳时会出现一条长长的尾巴。
A comet is a special _______ in space. It has a long tail when it gets _______ _______ the sun.
答案
一、1. objects 2. surface 3. solar; warmth 4. satellites 5. degrees 6. electricity 7. exploration 8. distance 9. survive 10. understanding
二、1. universe 2. man-made 3. environment 4. temperature 5. telescopes
6. asteroid 7. responsibility 8. exploration 9. resources 10. relationship
三、1. universe 2. rocket 3. sunlight 4. object 5. exploration 6. satellites
7. distance 8. support 9. responsibility et
四、1. A 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. B
五、1. How often 2. giving out 3. isn’t any 4. so; that 5. are used 6. How long 7. Has; reached 8. Despite it being 9. What does; send 10. duty to
六、1. so; that 2. play; role 3. to prove 4. Even though 5. heat; vital for
6. distance between 7. devoting to 8. duty to take 9. freezes; expands
10. object; close to

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