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2025暑假仁爱科普版八年级英语上册Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors知识点预习
一、根据音标及中文提示写单词
1. /b j nd/ /b jɑ nd/ __________（adv. 在另一边；在（或向）更远处；prep. 在（或向）…较远的一边；除…之外）
2. / ju n v s/ / ju n v rs/ __________（n. 宇宙）
3. / r k t/ / rɑ k t/ __________（n. 火箭）
4. / s t la t/ __________（n. 卫星；人造卫星）
5. / bd kt/ / ɑ bd kt/ __________（n. 物体；对象；目标；宾语）
6. / s l (r)/ __________（adj. 太阳的；太阳能的）
7. /w mθ/ /w rmθ/ __________（n. 温暖，暖和；热情）
8. / m n me d/ __________（adj. 人造的；非天然的）
9. / s f s/ / s rf s/ __________（n. 表面；表层）
10. /d ɡri / __________（n. 度，度数；学位）
11. / telsk p/ __________（n. 望远镜）
12. / p (r)/ / p r/ __________（v. 出现，呈现，显现；显得）
13. /da m t (r)/ __________（n. 直径）
14. / st r d/ __________（n. 小行星）
15. / sepr t/ / se p re t/ __________（v. （使）分开；划分）
16. / n (r)/ __________（adj. 接近中心的；内部的；内心的）
17. / a t (r)/ __________（adj. 外围的，远离中心的；外边的）
18. / n klu d/ __________（v. 包括；包含）
19. / pau (r)/ __________（n. 能量；控制力，影响力）
20. / m n s/ __________（prep. 零下）
二、词性转换
1. universe（名词：宇宙）→ __________（形容词：宇宙的，universal）
2. warm（形容词：温暖的）→ __________（名词：温暖，warmth）
3. man-made（合成形容词：人造的）→ （拆解为 “man” 和 “make”，make 的过去分词为 made；“man” 对应 “人类” 相关名词 ）__________（名词：人类，mankind ）
4. appear（动词：出现）→ __________（名词：出现；外貌，appearance）
5. include（动词：包括）→ __________（名词：包括；包含物，inclusion）
6. survive（动词：生存；存活）→ __________（名词：生存；幸存者，survival；survivor ）
三、短语填空
1. 太阳系 the __________ system
2. 人造卫星 __________ satellite
3. 表面温度 __________ temperature
4. 望远镜观测 observe with a __________
5. 小行星带 the __________ belt
6. 包括在内 be __________
7. 内部结构 the __________ structure
8. 远离中心的区域 the __________ area
9. 零下五度 five degrees __________ zero
四、根据中文完成句子
1. 宇宙中存在着无数的物体。
There are countless __________ in the __________.
2. 火箭将人造卫星送入太空。
The __________ sends the __________ satellite into space.
3. 我们可以用望远镜观察太空中的星星。
We can use a __________ to watch the stars in space.
4. 太阳系包括八大行星。
The solar system __________ eight planets.
5. 这个星球的表面温度非常低。
The __________ temperature of this planet is extremely low.
6. 小行星带位于火星和木星之间。
The __________ belt is __________ Mars and Jupiter.
7. 他的研究与太空探索有关。
His research is __________ to space __________.
8. 由于寒冷的天气，水都结冰了。
__________ __________ the cold weather, the water froze.
9. 这个生物无法在如此恶劣的环境中生存。
This __________ can't __________ in such a terrible environment.
10. 太阳为我们提供光和热量。
The sun provides us with light and __________.
五、单项选择
1. The satellite travels __________ the earth.
A. beyond B. around C. inside D. above
2. We use a __________ to look at the stars in the sky.
A. telescope B. rocket C. satellite D. spoon
3. The __________ system gives us light and warmth.
A. universe B. solar C. man-made D. electric
4. The __________ of the earth is about 12,742 kilometers.
A. degree B. diameter C. distance D. surface
5. The Great Wall is a __________ wonder.
A. man-made B. natural C. inner D. outer
6. __________ the sun, the earth is very small.
A. Compare to B. Comparing with C. Compared to D. Compare with
7. Life on other planets is still a mystery. We don't know if there are any living __________.
A. things B. beings C. objects D. powers
8. It's too cold today. The temperature is ten degrees __________ zero.
A. below B. above C. under D. over
9. He is responsible for the __________ of the new area.
A. explore B. exploring C. exploration D. explorer
10. __________ it was raining heavily, he still went to school on time.
A. Although B. Because C. But D. So
六、短文填空（选用合适单词的正确形式填空）
（universe, rocket, satellite, solar, appear, include, separate, inner, outer, power, distance, survive, exploration, related, responsibility ）
The 1.__________ is full of mysteries waiting for us to discover. The 2.__________ system, where our earth lies, 3.__________ eight planets. We use 4.__________ and 5.__________ to study space.
Through a telescope, many stars 6.__________ in the sky. Some planets are in the 7.__________ part of the solar system, while others are in the 8.__________ part. The 9.__________ between planets is very long.
Scientists believe that the sun gives 10.__________ to all the planets. However, life on other planets is hard to 11.__________ because of extreme conditions.
Space 12.__________ is our 13.________. Many studies 14. to space are being carried out. We hope to find more about the 15.__________ world one day.
答案
一、根据音标及中文提示写单词
1. beyond 2. universe 3. rocket 4. satellite 5. object 6. solar 7. warmth
8. man-made 9. surface 10. degree 11. telescope 12. appear 13. diameter 14. asteroid 15. separate 16. inner 17. outer 18. include 19. power
20. minus
二、词性转换
1. universal 2. warmth 3. mankind 4. appearance 5. inclusion
6. survival；survivor
三、短语填空
1. solar 2. man-made 3. surface 4. telescope 5. asteroid 6. included
7. inner 8. outer 9. below
四、根据中文完成句子
1. objects；universe 2. rocket；man-made 3. telescope 4. includes 5. surface 6. asteroid；between 7. related；exploration 8. Due to 9. being；survive
10. warmth
五、单项选择
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A
六、短文填空
1. universe 2. solar 3. includes 4. rockets 5. satellites 6. appear 7. inner
8. outer 9. distance 10. power 11. survive 12. exploration 13. responsibility 14. related 15. outer

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