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沪教版（五四学制）八年级上册Unit1 Water暑假新课预习
（知识梳理&知识演练）
一、熟悉生词短语
重点词汇 liquid / l kw d/ n. 液体 solid / s l d/ n. 固体 gas /ɡ s/ n. 气体 state /ste t/ n. 状态 freeze /fri z/ v. 冻结 boil /b l/ v. 沸腾 evaporate / v p re t/ v. 蒸发 condense /k n dens/ v. 凝结 resource /r s s/ n. 资源 conservation / k ns ve n/ n. 保护 核心短语 in three states 以三种状态 water cycle 水循环 turn into 变成 at a temperature of 在.温度下 take care of 照顾 run out of 用完 make up 组成 protect...from...保护.免受.. be essential to对...至关重要 save water 节约用水
二、语法聚焦
被动语态（一般现在时）
结构：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
Water is used in many ways.
Water is called the source of life.
情态动词的被动语态
结构：情态动词 + be + 过去分词
Water should be saved.
The water can be recycled.
知识演练
一、词汇检测
A.单词拼写
1. When water gets very cold, it f______ into ice.
2. Water e______ when it is heated.
3. The three s______ of water are solid, liquid and gas.
4. We must protect our water r______.
5. At 100℃, water b______.
B.短语翻译
1. 水循环 ________________2. 节约用水 ________________
3.以三种状______________4. 对...至关重要 ________________
5. 变成 ________________6. 水资源 ______
7. water cycle ______ 8.. 节约用水 ______
9. at a temperature of ______10. turn into ______
11. 由...组成 ______ 12. protect...from... ______
13. 用完 ______ 14. be essential to ______
15. 照顾 ______
C.语法填空
1. Water ______ (call) the source of life.
2. The water ______ (should save).
3. Most of the earth ______ (cover) by water.
4. Water ______ (can recycle).
5. The experiment ______ (do) by the students now.
D.根据首字母提示完成句子
1. Water is a l______ at room temperature.
2. D.When water f______, it turns into ice.
3. Water v______ rises into the air when heated.
4. We should pay attention to water c______.
5. The water in the kettle is b______.
二、单项选择
（ ）1. Water ______ in three states.
A. exists B. existed C. is existing D. has existed
（ ）2. When water ______, it turns into steam.
A. boils B. is boiling C. boiled D. will boil
（ ）3. Most of the earth's surface ______ by water.
A. covers B. is covered C. covered D. has covered
（ ）4. Water ______ the source of life.
A. calls B. is called C. called D. is calling
（ ）5. We ______ waste water.
A. should not B. should not be C. should be not D. not should
（ ）6. The water in the river ______ by the factory.
A. pollutes B. is polluting C. is polluted D. has polluted
（ ）7. When the temperature ______ below zero, water freezes.
A. falls B. fell C. is falling D. has fallen
（ ）8. The experiment ______ by the students yesterday.
A. does B. did C. was done D. is done
（ ）9. Water ______ to all living things.
A.is essential B.essential C.was essential D.has essential
（ ）10. The water cycle ______ continuously.
A. happens B. is happened C. happened D. was happened
三、句型转换
1. People use water in many ways.（改为被动语态）
Water ______ ______ in many ways.
2. We should protect water resources.（改为被动语态）
Water resources ______ ______ ______.
3. The students are doing the experiment now.（改为被动语态）
The experiment ______ ______ ______ by the students now.
4. Water covers most of the earth's surface.（改为被动语态）
Most of the earth's surface ______ ______ by water.
5. We call water the source of life.（改为被动语态）
Water ______ ______ the source of life.
四、完形填空
Water is essential to all living things. Without water, there 1____ be no life on earth. All animals and plants need water. Man also needs water. Water is 2_____ in many ways.
Water 3____ in three states: solid, liquid and gas. At a temperature below 0℃, water 4_____ice. When the temperature rises above 0℃, ice 5_____ water again. When water is heated to 100℃, it 6_____ steam.
Water can be 7____ from one state to another. This is called the water cycle. The water on the earth 8____ continuously. Water from rivers and seas 9_____ into vapor and rises into the air. When it 10_____ cold, the vapor turns into drops of water.
1. A. will B. would C. can D. could
2. A. use B. uses C. used D. using
3. A. exists B. existed C. is existing D. has existed
4. A. turns B. turns into C. turns to D. turns in
5. A. becomes B. becomes into C. becomes to D. becomes in
6. A. turns B. turns into C. turns to D. turns in
7. A. change B. changed C. changes D. changing
8. A.circulates B.circulated C.is circulating D.has circulated
9.A.evaporates B. is evaporated C. evaporated D. has evaporated
10. A. gets B. got C. is getting D. has got
五、阅读理解
A. 阅读判断（T/F）
Water is the most common substance on earth. It covers about 70% of the earth's surface. Water exists in three states: solid, liquid and gas. The water cycle is important to life on earth. Water evaporates from the surface of the earth, rises into the air, cools and condenses into rain or snow in the atmosphere, and falls again to the surface.
People use water in many ways. We drink water every day. Water is also used for washing, cooking and cleaning. Farmers use water to grow crops. Factories use water to produce goods. However, many people waste water. We should remember that water is precious and save it.
（ ）1. Water covers about 70% of the earth's surface.
（ ）2. Water exists in four states.
（ ）3. The water cycle is not important to life.
（ ）4. Factories don't use water.
（ ）5. We should save water.
B. 阅读选择
The water cycle is nature's way of recycling water. It is a continuous process. First, water from oceans, lakes and rivers evaporates into the air. Then, the water vapor rises and cools to form clouds. When the clouds become heavy, the water falls as rain or snow. This is called precipitation. The water then flows back into rivers and oceans, and the cycle starts again.
The water cycle is important because it provides fresh water for plants and animals. It also helps to regulate the earth's temperature. Without the water cycle, there would be no fresh water for us to drink.
（ ）6. What is the first step of the water cycle
A.Precipitation B.Evaporation C.Condensation D. Collection
（ ）7. What happens when water vapor cools
It forms clouds. B. It falls as rain.
C. It flows into rivers. D. It disappears.
（ ）8. Why is the water cycle important
A. It provides fresh water. B. It makes the earth hot.
C. It creates oceans. D. It produces clouds.
（ ）9. What would happen without the water cycle
There would be no fresh water.
B. The earth would be colder.
C. There would be more water.
D. Nothing would change.
（ ）10. What is the main idea of this passage
A. How to save water. B. The process of the water cycle.
C. Different states of water. D. The importance of oceans.
六、书面表达
以"The Importance of Water"为题，写一篇80词左右的短文，内容包括：
1. 水的重要性
2. 水的不同状态
3. 如何节约用水
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
一、词汇检测
A.单词拼写
1.freezes 2.evaporates 3.states 4.resources 5.boils
B.短语翻译
1.water cycle 2.save water 3.in three states 4.be essential to 5.turn into 6.water resources 7.水循环 8.save water
9.在...温度下 10.变成 11.make up 12.保护...免受...
13.run out of 14.对...至关重要 15.take care of
C.语法填空
1.is called 2.should be saved 3.is covered 4.can be recycled 5.is being done
D.1. liquid 2. freezes 3. vapor 4. conservation 5. boiling
二、单项选择
1-5 AABBA 6-10 CACAA
三、句型转换
1. is used 2. should be protected 3. is being done
4. is covered 5. is called
四、完形填空
1-5 BCABA 6-10 BCAAB
五、阅读理解
A: 1.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T B: 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.B
六、书面表达(参考范文)
Water is essential to all living things. We need water to drink, cook and clean. Water exists in three states: solid, liquid and gas. The water cycle keeps our water supply continuous. However, water resources are limited. We should save water by turning off taps when not in use, taking shorter showers and fixing leaking pipes. Remember, every drop counts!

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