资源简介 / 让学习更有效 暑假自学课 | 英语学科【弯道超车】2025年九年级年级英语暑假自学习精讲精练(通用版)专题03 名词的数一、名词数的基本概念名词的数(Number of Nouns)指名词的单数和复数形式,表示名词所指事物的数量。二、名词的分类(按数的变化)1. 规则名词的复数形式变化规则 例词(单数→复数) 读音规则一般加-s book→books, pen→pens 清辅音后读[s];浊辅音和元音后读[z]以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-es box→boxes, watch→watches 读[ z]以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es city→cities, baby→babies 读[z]以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v加-es leaf→leaves, knife→knives 读[vz]以o结尾,有生命加-es,无生命加-s tomato→tomatoes, photo→photos 读[z]2. 不规则名词的复数形式类型 例词(单数→复数)元音变化 man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese词尾加-en child→children, ox→oxen单复数同形 sheep→sheep, deer→deer, fish→fish, Chinese→Chinese外来词复数 datum→data, phenomenon→phenomena, criterion→criteria3. 复合名词的复数形式构成方式 例词(单数→复数)主要名词变复数 passer-by→passers-by, mother-in-law→mothers-in-law无主要名词,最后加-s grown-up→grown-ups, forget-me-not→forget-me-nots由man/woman构成的复合词,两部分都变复数 woman doctor→women doctors, man servant→men servants三、特殊名词的数的用法1. 集体名词的数单数形式表示整体:Our class is large.(我们班很大。)复数形式表示成员:Our class are playing basketball.(我们班同学在打篮球。)常见集体名词:family(家庭),team(团队),group(小组),government(政府),audience(观众)2. 不可数名词的数不可数名词通常没有复数形式,但可以通过量词表示数量:a piece of news(一则新闻)two cups of coffee(两杯咖啡)three bottles of water(三瓶水)3. 特殊用法的名词通常以复数形式出现的名词:trousers(裤子),glasses(眼镜),scissors(剪刀)单复数意义不同的名词:wood(木材)→woods(树林)paper(纸)→papers(文件)time(时间)→times(时代)四、名词数的使用规则1、主谓一致原则:单数名词+单数动词:The book is interesting.复数名词+复数动词:The books are interesting.2、数量词搭配:可数名词:many/few books不可数名词:much/little water3、冠词使用:单数可数名词前必须加冠词:a book/the book复数名词和不可数名词前不加冠词表示泛指:Books are useful./Water is important.五、常见错误与纠正1、不规则名词复数错误:错误:There are many childs in the park.正确:There are many children in the park.2、不可数名词误用复数:错误:I have many homeworks to do.正确:I have much homework to do.3、主谓不一致:错误:The news are interesting.正确:The news is interesting.4、复合名词复数错误:错误:mother-in-laws正确:mothers-in-law1. —Could you ____ what the new building looks like —It's built in the ____ of a big ship, so it is called the Ship-like Building.A.describe; shape B.describe; direction C.imagine; centre2.Look at this picture-there are 5 ___in it.A.countries B.country's C.countries's D.countrys3.I have some _________ in my schoolbag.A.English books B.book C.pen D.English4.This pair of _____________is Lingling's.A.glove B.gloves C.the glove D.the gloves5.Are _______ Amy's _______ A.this; books B.that book C.these; books6.The little baby has two new ______ A.tooth B.toothes C.teeth D.tooths7. In most places, children less than 1. 2 meters in height needn't buy a ____ for the bus.A.book B.ticket C.card D.picture8.Dad, my shoes are old. I want to buy a new ____.A.pair B.shoes C.one9. For the whole world, the panda has become a ____ of China.A.symbol B.prize C.Information10. —Can yon make a ____ with the phrase "worry about " —Yes For example. "Don't worry about our health. "A.word B.mistake C.sentence11.—What can I do for you —I want .A.3 bag of rice B.3 bags of ricesC.3 bags of rice D.3 rice of bags12. The apples are divided ____ two ____. One is for my sister, the other is for me.A.in; half B.into; halves C.in; halves D.into; halfs13. Mom is going to buy ____.A.two kilos of meat B.two kilo of meats C.two kilo of meat14.There are two beautiful _______in the picture.A.womans B.women C.woman D.womens15.Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous in American .A.symbol; culture B.symbols; cultures C.symbols; culture16.Lily has bought two .A.buses tickets B.bus ticket C.bus tickets D.buses ticket17.How many _____________ are there in the fridge A.apple B.beef C.oranges D.milk18. —Does he have ____ interesting ____ —Yes. It's ____ interesting.A.an; work; an B.an; work; /C.an; job; / D./; job; /19. A professional writer will give you more useful____.A.advise B.suggest C.suggestion D.suggestions20.— How many teachers are there in your school, Alice — them is over one hundred.A.woman; The number of B.women; A number of C.women; The number of21.He is too hungry and he wants two _________________.A.bowl of noodles B.bowls of noodlesC.bowls of noodle D.bowl of noodle22.He wears ________ today.A.a short B.a shortsC.a pair of short D.a pair of shorts23.This is Tom's_______ and these are Tony's_______.A.pen; ruler B.pens; ruler C.pen; rulers D.pens; rulers24. We have some ____ here. We can make some ____ soup.A.egg; egg B.egg; eggs C.eggs; egg D.eggs; eggs25.We have in our restaurant.A.some special B.any specialC.some specials D.any specials26. —Can I help you, sir —Yes. I'd like ____.A.two kilo of eggs B.two kilos of eggC.two kilos of eggs D.two kilo of egg27.— What do you think of your new head teacher?— She is a friendly teacher with good looks.A.expression B.communication C.appearance28. Flour is an important ____ for making bread.A.ingredient B.element C.part D.piece29.The two ________ are Linda and Jane.A.girls B.boy C.boys D.girl30.Two ________ and three ________ joined the sports club last week.A.Germans; Japanese B.Germen; JapanesesC.Germans; Japaneses D.German; Japanese31.The swimming pool is about _____________ and there is also an ______________playground.A.fifty meters long; eighty-meter-longB.fifty meters long; eight meters longC.fifty-meter-long; eighty-meter-long32. Today I have a lot of ____to do so I have no time to borrow Mo Yan's ____ from the libray.A.work; works B.works; work C.work; work D.works; works33.I have three sisters. They are all_______.A.woman teacher B.woman teachers C.women teacher D.women teachers34.— Do you think Joe has a ____ of passing the exam — Yes. Because he is more carefully now.A.trip B.chance C.knowledge35.—There _________________ many foreign students in her class.— Yes. I know two of them are _________________.A.are; Japanese B.is; AustralianC.are; Germany D.is: America36.—Do you know the girl _________ —Yes, she is Mary.A.in white trousers B.in white trouser C.on white trousers37. The shorts in this clothes store are only $ 4.A.trousers B.erasers C.notebooks38.The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(港珠澳大桥) is considered as one of the seven ________ of the modern world.A.wonder B.wonderful C.wonders39. The girl loves painting, so she wants to be a(an) ____ when she grows up.A.actress B.singer C.artist40. Anna made good ____ for the singsing competition, so she won the first prize.A.invitations B.resolutions C.preparations41. —Did you see the new film with your friends last weekend — No. I seldom go to the____ these days. I am busy writing a book report.A.museum B.bank C.library D.cinema42.The mountain I visited last Sunday isn't very______________. Few _____________ go sightseeing.A.touristy; tourist B.touristy; tourists C.tourist; tourist43.— Our school has fifty _______. What about your school — Fifty-five.A.woman teacher B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teachers44.The ____ of service has improved.A.method B.attitude C.quality D.cost45.I have three____________.A.dictionary B.dictionaries C.pencil case D.pencils case46.—It is said that ____students want to come to our school to study.—Yes, but we all know that only ____ them can get the chance(机会).A.thousands of, two hundred of B.thousands of, two hundredC.thousands of, two hundreds D.two thousands, two hundreds47.The environmentalists said wild goats'________ on the vast grasslands was a bad indication of the worse environment.A.escape B.absence C.attendance D.appearance48.—What's in your pencil box —Some _____ and one ruler.A.pencil B.pencils C.cup D.cups49.______ your father play ______ in the morning A.Does; sports B.Does; sport C.Do; sport D.Do; sports50.I have read so ____, but there ____ no exciting news.A.many newspapers; is B.much newspapers; areC.many newspaper; is D.much newspaper; is参考答案及试题解析1.A【解析】句意:——您能描述一下新大楼的外观吗?——它是按照一艘大船的形状建造的,所以叫做船形大楼。A:描述;形状;B:描述;方向;C:想象;中心。第一空根据答语 It's built in the ____ of a big ship 它是按照一艘大船的形状建造的,可知是询问:您能描述一下新大楼的外观吗?应用动词describe"描述";第二空根据下文 so it is called the Ship-like Building. 所以叫做船形大楼,可知是按照一艘大船的形状建造的,应用名词shape"形状"。故选A。【点评】考查动词和可数名词。注意熟记动词describe"描述",介词短语in the shape of"以……的形状"。2.A【解析】句意:看这幅图,里面有5个国家。根据5可知这里是复数名词,country国家,复数为countries,故答案为A。【点评】考查规则可数名词复数。识记country及其复数的用法。3.A【解析】根据题干中some可知填空为可数名词复数或者不可数名词,选项中A符合题意。4.B【解析】句意:这双手套是玲玲的。glove手套,可数名词,this pair of后面用可数名词复数,名词前面不用冠词,所以glove用gloves,故选B。【点评】考查可数名词复数,注意平时识记this pair of后面用可数名词复数,名词前面不用冠词。5.C【解析】句意:这些是Amy的书吗?空一,根据are,可知主语是复数,this,这个,that,那个,第三人称单数,these是复数,这些,空二,主语是复数,故表语是名词复数 books,故选C。【点评】考查名词复数,注意主谓一致的用法。6.C【解析】句意:这个婴儿有两颗新牙。前面有two,所以用复数,牙齿,tooth,复数形式是teeth,故选C。【点评】考查名词,本题涉及复数名词作宾语。7.B【解析】句意:在很多地方。身高不足1.2m的孩子们不必要为公共汽车买票。A书,B票,C卡片,D图片,根据bus,可是公共汽车上的票,故选B。【点评】考查名词,注意识记ticket的用法。8.A【解析】句意:爸爸,我的鞋子很旧。我想买一双新的。A.双,可数名词单数;B.鞋子,可数名词复数;C.一,代词。a修饰可数名词单数,排除B、C,故选A。【点评】考查名词辨析,注意识记a后面修饰可数名词单数。9.A【解析】句意:对全世界而言,熊猫是中国的标志。A标志,符号,B奖品,C信息,根据panda和China以及常识可知,熊猫是中国独有的标志,故选A。【点评】考查名词,注意识记symbol的用法。10.C【解析】 句意:—— 你能能用短语worry about造句吗? —— 是的,例如:别担心我们的健康。 A:word 单词B:mistake 错误C:sentence 句子。根据答语是举例子Don't worry about our health,可知这是一个完整的句子,故填C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意理解选项的意思,根据题目所给语境选择合适的选项。11.C【解析】句意:——能为你做什么?——我想要3袋大米。基数词3修饰名词复数bags,rice是不可数名词,基数词+bags+of+名词,几袋......,故选C。【点评】考查名词复数和不可数名词,注意基数词+bags+of+名词的用法。12.B【解析】句意:苹果被分成了两半。一份是我姐姐的,另一份是我的。in,在里面,空一,be divided into,固定搭配,被分成,故用介词into,空二,基数词two修饰名词复数,故用halves,故选B。【点评】考查介词辨析,注意识记基数词修饰名词复数的用法。13.A【解析】句意:妈妈要买两公斤肉。根据基数词two,可知应用可数名词复数kilos,名词meat"肉"为不可数名词,没有复数形式,因此为two kilos of meat。故选A。【点评】考查可数名词复数和不可数名词。注意熟记英语量词的使用方法之一:基数词(大于一)+可数名词复数+of+不可数名词,如three pieces of bread"三片面包"等。14.B【解析】句意:照片中有两个美丽的女人。two修饰复数名词;woman女人,可数名词,其复数形式是women,而不是womans或womens。故选B。【点评】考查名词,注意名词woman的复数形式的变化。15.C【解析】one of 后面跟可数名词的复数形式,第一个空填 symbols;第二个空“美国文化”American culture,用单数形式,故选C。句意是:米老鼠是美国文化中最有名的象征之一。【点评】本题考查固定短语 one of +可数名词复数形式的用法。16.C【解析】句意:李莉买了两张公共汽车票。名词修饰名词时,要将主体名词变复数,故选C。【点评】此题考查名词复数。注意名词修饰名词的用法。17.C【解析】句意:冰箱里有多少橙子?A.苹果,可数名词单数;B.牛肉,不可数名词;C.橙子,可数名词复数;D.牛奶,不可数名词。根据be动词are,可知主语应为可数名词复数oranges,故选C。【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意主语为可数名词复数时,be动词应用are。18.C【解析】句意:——他有一份有趣的工作吗?——是的,它非常有趣。work,不可数名词,工作,job,可数名词,工作,填空一, interesting是用元音音素开头的单词,提供的不定冠词an搭配可数名词job,填空,形容词interesting,前面没有冠词,故选C。【点评】考查冠词,注意识记an等的用法。19.D【解析】句意:专业写手为您提供更多实用建议。A.advise,动词,建议;B.suggest,动词,建议;C.suggestion,名词,建议;D.suggestions,名词复数,建议;give,动词,给,give sb. sth.,所填词是名词词性,suggestion前没有限定词,因此suggestion用复数形式,故填suggestions。【点评】考查规则变化的可数名词复数。注意识记advise、suggest、suggestion的词性、词义及用法,注意suggestion是可数名词。20.C【解析】句意:——爱丽丝,你们学校有多少女教师?——他们的数量超过一百。woman女性;women女性(复数);a number of许多;the number of某物的数量。表示“女教师”,复数名词teachers前的修饰词用名词复数形式women。根据“is”主语是单数,表示“他们的数量”用the number of。故选C。【点评】考查可数名词复数,注意识记名词复数修饰名词的用法。21.B【解析】句意: 他太饿了,他想要两碗面。bowl碗,可数名词,空前是two,bowl用名词复数bowls,noodle,面条,单数的 noodle只是指一根面条,这里用复数形式,two bowls of noodle,两碗面,固定短语,故选B。【点评】考查可数名词复数,注意bowl和noodle的用法。22.D【解析】句意:今天他穿着一条短裤。shorts名词, 短裤, 往往使用复数形式;a pair of shorts一条短裤。故答案为D。【点评】考查以成对方式存在的名词的表达方式。23.C【解析】句意:这是汤姆的钢笔,这些是托尼的尺子。pen,钢笔,可数名词。根据This is可知pen用单数形式,故排除B/D;根据these are可知用ruler的复数形式rulers,故排除A。故选C。【点评】考查名词。注意可数名词单复数的区别。24.C【解析】句意:我们这里有一些蛋。我们可以做一些蛋汤。空一,根据have some可知有一些蛋,egg是可数名词,some修饰名词复数,空二,soup名词前用名词单数做定语,故选C。【点评】考查名词,注意识记名词前用名词单数做定语,some修饰名词复数的用法。25.C【解析】一般情况下肯定句用 some,否定句或疑问句用 any,special 作“特价”的意思时是可数名词,在some 后面需要用复数形式,故选C。句意是:我们餐馆里有一些特价菜。【点评】本题考查名词复数形式的用法。26.C【解析】句意:——先生,我能帮助您吗?——是的。我需要两公斤鸡蛋。kilo,可数名词,公斤,two kilos,两公斤,of,介词,的;鸡蛋,名词,egg,两公斤鸡蛋数量超过一,egg用复数形式,即two kilos of eggs,故选C。【点评】考查规则变化的可数名词复数、of所有格。识记"两公斤鸡蛋"的表示方法。27.C【解析】句意:——你认为你的新班主任怎么样?——她是一个友好的人且有着好的长相。A.expression表达;B.communication交流;C.appearance外表。根据语境"good looks好的长相",可知,此处looks为名词,意指"外貌",与appearance意思相近,故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意识记各名词含义,结合语境选择最佳答案。28.A【解析】句意:面粉是制作面包的重要原料成分。 A:成分ingredient;B:元素element;C:part部分;D:piece片,块。根据 for making bread做面包,按常识可知,面粉是制作面包的主要成分之一。故答案为:A。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意根据语境选出正确答案。29.A【解析】句意:那两个女孩是琳达和简。girl女孩;boy男孩;根据表示Linda 和 Jane是女孩,有数词two修饰,故此处用复数名词girls,故选A。【点评】本题考查名词复数。以及girl;boy;girls、boys四个词的词义和用法。30.A【解析】句意:两个德国人和三个日本人上星期加入了体育俱乐部。German的复数为Germans,Japanese的复数为Japanese,故选A。【点评】考查名词复数,注意名词复数变化的规则。31.A【解析】句意:游泳池大约50米长,还有一个80米长的操场。空一,is系动词后缺少表语,基数词+名词复数+形容词,可以做表语,故用 fifty meters long,空二,playground是名词,其前缺少形容词,基数词-名词单数-形容词,是复合形容词,故用eighty-meter-long,故选A。【点评】考查复合形容词,注意识记基数词-名词单数-形容词等的用法。32.A【解析】句意:今天我有很多工作要做,所以我没有时间从图书馆借莫言的作品。空一,根据to do so I have no time,可知工作很多,work,不可数名词,工作,空二,根据Mo Yan's,可知是作家的作品,work是可数名词,名词复数表示泛指,故选A。【点评】考查不可数名词,名词复数,注意识记work不同的用法。33.D【解析】句意: 我有三个姐妹。她们都是女教师。woman teacher属于复合名词,两个组成部分均为表示人的主体词,所以在变复数时,两部分都要由单数变成复数,即:woman teacher变成women teachers.,故选D。【点评】考查名词,注意复数名词 women teachers 的用法。34.B【解析】句意:——你认为乔有机会通过考试吗?——是的,因为他现在更认真了。trip旅行;chance机会;knowledge知识。结合语句Do you think Joe has a ……of passing the exam 及答语 Yes. Because he is more carefully now.可知,在英语中,have a chance of doing sth.表示"有机会做某事"。故答案为B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意熟记单词的基本含义及固定短语的含义及构成。35.A【解析】句意:——她班上有许多外国学生。——是的。我知道其中两个是日本人。There be句型中的be要根据后面主语的单复数确定,由句中的 many foreign students可知第一空用are;由句中的 two of them are可知第二空用复数名词,Japanese单复数同形,故选A。【点评】考查there be结构的基本用法。注意Japanese的单复数形式上一样的。36.A【解析】句意:——你认识那个穿白裤子的女孩吗?——是的,她是Mary。A:in white trousers穿着白色裤子的,B:in white trouser为错误搭配,C:on white trousers为错误搭配。trousers裤子,为复数名词,固定搭配in+颜色+名词作宾语补足语,穿着.....颜色的.....,可知此处应用in white trousers,故选A。【点评】考查名词的复数,注意识记trousers的用法以及in+颜色+名词的用法。37.A【解析】句意:这家服装店的短裤只要4美元。trousers裤子;erasers橡皮;notebooks笔记本。根据划线单词shorts(短裤),可知和衣服有关,所以trousers符合题意,故答案为A。【点评】考查规则变化名词的复数。识记划线单词和选项中单词的意义,是做题的关键。38.C【解析】句意:港珠澳大桥被认为是现代世界的七大奇迹之一。A. wonder奇迹,可数名词;B. wonderful,精彩的,形容词;C. wonders奇迹,wonder的复数形式。one of+限定词+名词复数,……之一,固定句型。故选C。【点评】考查词形辨析。理解选项的词义和词性,根据句子结构和固定句型,选择正确答案。39.C【解析】句意: 那个女孩喜欢画画,所以她长大后想成为一名艺术家。A:actress女演员;B:singer歌手;C:artist 艺术家。根据 The girl loves painting, 可知她长大后想成为一名_艺术家。故答案为:C。【点评】考查名词辨析。通过理解语境、分析选项、排除干扰来找出最符合题目描述的答案。40.C【解析】句意:安娜为歌唱比赛做了充分准备,因此获得了一等奖。 A:邀请;B:决心;C:准备。根据so she won the first prize. 因此获得了一等奖,可知做了充分准备。故选C。【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意熟记固定搭配make good preparations for"为……做好充分准备"。41.C【解析】句意:——上周末你和朋友一起看了新电影吗?——没有。这些天我很少去图书馆了。我正忙着写读书报告。A博物馆,B银行,C图书馆,D电影院,根据I am busy writing a book report,可知去图书馆查找资料,故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析,注意识记library的用法。42.B【解析】句意:我上星期天参观的那座山不是很有游客。很少有游客去观光。touristy是形容词,吸引游客的,tourist,游客,空一系动词isn't后缺少形容词作表语,空二,few修饰名词复数,故用tourists,故选B。【点评】考查形容词,名词,注意识记few修饰名词复数,touristy的用法。43.B【解析】句意:—我们的学校有50名女老师,你的学校呢?—55名。Woman作定语时,它的单复数与后面被修饰的名词单复数形式一致,women+名词的复数,故答案为B。【点评】考查名词变复数的用法,由man/woman+名词构成的复合名词,在变复数时的规则为:“men/women+复数”。44.C【解析】句意:服务质量有所提高。A: 方法;B:态度;C: 质量;D:成本。根据 has improved ,可知是服务质量有所提高,应用名词quality"质量"。故选C。【点评】考查可数名词单数。注意熟记动词短语improve quality"提升质量"。45.B【解析】句意:我有三个字典。dictionary字典,可数名词,复数是dictionaries;pencil case文具盒,可数名词,复合名词,复数是pencil cases,根据空前three可知,此处需要名词复数,故选B。【点评】考查可数名词复数。注意大于一的基数词后面要用可数名词复数。46.A【解析】句意:——据说有成千上万的学生想来我们学校学习。——是的,但我们都知道,只有两百人能得到这个机会。 thousands of 成千上万的; two thousands 为错误形式,基数词two后应用单数形式thousand;two hundred of+代词宾格"……之中的两百人"; two hundred 两百; two hundreds 为错误形式,基数词two后应用单数形式hundred。第一空根据可数名词复数students,可知应用固定搭配thousands of"成千上万的",D为错误形式,排除D;第二空根据空格后代词宾格them,可知是表示"他们之中的两百人",应用介词短语 two hundred of them。故选A。【点评】考查固定搭配。注意熟记固定搭配housands of "成千上万的"。47.B【解析】句意:环保主义者说,野山羊不在广袤的草原上,是环境恶化的一个糟糕迹象。A: 逃避;B:缺席;C:出席;D:出现。根据was a bad indication of the worse environment.是环境恶化的一个糟糕迹象 ,可知是不在广袤的草原上,应用名词absence"缺席/不在"。故选B。【点评】考查名词。注意熟记名词absence"缺席/不在"。48.B【解析】句意:——你的铅笔盒里是什么?——一些铅笔和一把尺子。pencil铅笔;cup杯子。some修饰可数名词复数形式和不可数名词,根据题意可知是铅笔盒里的东西应为铅笔,故答案选B。【点评】考查名词单复数,some修饰不可数名词和可数名词复数。49.A【解析】句意:你父亲早上做运动吗?这是一个一般疑问句,句子含有动词play,因此要借助助动词do/does,主语your father是单数,第一空助动词用does;第二空,由句意可知这里说的是“做运动”,sport泛指"运动"或"运动会"要用其复数形式sports,故选A。【点评】考查助动词和可数名词复数,注意含实义动词的一般疑问句中助动词的用法以及sport的用法。50.A【解析】句意:我看了这么多报纸,但是没有令人兴奋的消息。newspaper是可数名词,用many修饰,后加复数形式;news是不可数名词,be动词用is,故答案为A。【点评】考查名词的单复数与there be句型的be动词。21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览