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(共18张PPT)
Unit 4
History and Tradition
Listening and Speaking
Lead-in
Who is he How much do you know about him
Confucius (551—479 BC)
Lead-in
Translate the sentences about Confucius’ ideas.
2.Learning without reflecting leads to confusion.
1.Review the old and learn the new.
4.Is it not delightful to acquire knowledge and put it into practice from time to time
3.Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
温故而知新
学而不思则罔
学而时习之，不亦乐乎？
己所不欲，勿施于人
Pre-listening
Before you listen, look at some photos of Qufu.
Temple of Confucius
孔庙
Kong Family Mansion孔府
Cemetery of Confucius
孔林
Historic sites related to Confucius:
Kong Family Mansion
Located to the east of the Temple of Confucius, this was the historical home of the descendants of Confucius. It covers 16,000 square metres and has 460 rooms.
Historic sites related to Confucius:
Cemetery of Confucius
This is where Confucius and his descendants are buried. There are more than 10,000 of them, buried here for over 2,000 years.
PRE-LISTENING
1. Look at some photos of Qufu. What can you say about these places
Temple of Confucius
Kong Family Mansion
Cemetery of Confucius
Temple of Confucius
--- the most famous and largest temple honouring the great sage (圣人)
--- one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites
--- covers 16,000 square metres and has 460 rooms
--- The main part consists of nine courtyards with several gates
--- Dacheng Hall stands at the centre and is the principal place for offering sacrifices(祭品) to Confucius
Write down the English idioms that are used in the conversation. Explain their meanings and think about some Chinese equivalents(对应语).
P39 4
English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent
Achilles' heel
pull one's leg
fish out of water
sth. that is sb's weakness
弱点；要害
to joke with sb.
戏弄
sb. who feels uncomfortable because they are in an unfamiliar place
如芒在背
Understand idioms
An idiom is an expression which means sth. different from the meaning of the individual(单独的) words. Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning. Other idioms can only be understood from the context in which they appear.
What do you know about Confucius' ideas on education Think of two or three examples.
Possible answer:
Education was one of Confucius' core values.
Review the old and learn the new. (温故而知新。)
Make no social distinctions in teaching. (有教无类。)
To learn and at due time to repeat what one has learnt,
isn't that after all a pleasure (学而时习之，不亦乐乎？)
What else do you know about
Confucius and his philosophy
Confucius was a great thinker, educator, and
philosopher.
His principles had a great influence on Chinese
traditions and beliefs.
He believed strongly in strong family loyalty(忠诚) and
respect for others.
He believed in the so-called “golden rule” of
philosophy: Do not do to others what you do not want
others do to you.(己所不欲，勿施于人。)
P39 5
Think about a historic site
that you have visited, and
give an introduction to
its history and importance.
Possible answer:
I visited the Mogao Grottoes with my family last summer. They are famous for their amazing paintings and statues. They were constructed over the period
of 16 dynasties and are an important record of tradition and belief in China during that time.
P39 5
While-listening
Xiao Kong: Well, yes. But I’m also meeting my study group there. We are doing a research project on做一个…研究项目Confucius’ ideas on education. You know, Confucius was a great educator, and he had many great ideas about education. For example, he talked about the relationship between learning and reflecting.
He believed that learning without reflecting leads to confusion… Oh, look, the temple is just over there.
William: Oh, great! What's that big building over there
Xiao Kong: Oh, that’s the famous Dacheng Hall. You know, it's so well-respected受尊敬的 in Qufu that no other building in the city can be taller than it.
William: Wow, now that’s respect. That’s a little bit like my hometown－Stratford-upon-Avon.
Xiao Kong: Wait,you mean where Shakespeare was from What a coincidence巧合－Confucius and Shakespeare, two of the greatest minds in history! I really want to visit the UK－I’m really interested in British history and culture.
While-listening
William: Oh, that’s great! So later we can go for a cup of tea and have a chat about it. And it would be great if you could take me somewhere to get my watch fixed.
Xiao Kong: OK, no problem! So come and meet my study group－we can tell you all about the temple. And how long are you staying in Qufu I can show you the Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion as well…
William: Really That’s so kind! I need all the help I can get－I'm like a fish out of water!
Listen to the conversation again and fill in the blanks.
William: Excuse me, do you speak English I’m looking for the Confucius Temple, but I’m not good at maps—they’re my Achilles’ heel!
Xiao Kong: Oh, hello, e with me—I’m going to the temple right now. By the way, what does “Achilles’ heel” mean
William: Oh, it means that something is my weakness—I’m really bad with maps! So do you know much about Confucius He’s one of my favourite philosophers. He was such a wise man.
Xiao Kong: Oh, yes. I was born here. In fact, I believe I am a descendant of Confucius himself.
William: No way, you’re pulling my leg, right So how do you know you’re related to Confucius Didn’t he live over 2,500 years ago
WHILE-LISTENING
2. Listen to a conversation between a British and a Chinese student in Qufu, and then write down what they say about Confucius.
Name Fact/Opinion about Confucius
Willam 1. Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers.
2. He is such a wise man.
3. He lived over 2,500 years ago.
Xiao Kong 1. Confucius has over 3 million descendants.
2. He was a great educator and had many ideas about education.
3. He was one of the greatest minds in history.
An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint(暗示) as to the meaning. Other idioms can only be understood from the context in which they appear.
English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent
Achilles' heel
pull one's leg
fish out of water
如芒在背
something that is someone’s weakness
to joke with someone
Something who feels uncomfortable because they are in an unfamiliar place
弱点；要害
戏弄

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