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选择性必修第四册　UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共17.5分)
(2025·定州高三模拟)The best science books inspire a sense of wonder and make you amazed at the incredible world we live in.Here are four of them to feed your imagination.
A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson
How did it all begin And how did we get here Combining history and science,the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions.Bill Bryson takes the reader on an impressive journey through the greatest scientific discoveries in history.It explains scientific topics in a vivid way,but it’s quite a long read.
Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe
How do helicopters work Or cells Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English.It will shift your approach to explanation.So,next time explain how something works rather than merely call it by its name.However,additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.
Ask an Astronaut by Tim Peake
What does it feel like to fly into space How do you prepare for it Astronaut Tim Peake answers all the questions you never knew about going into space.The book gives insights into the cutting-edge science,as well as the day-to-day life on board of the International Space Station.Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers,but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language.
Deep Time by Riley Black
Want to know the story of our planet Riley Black takes us on a journey,in the order of time,through the geological (地质的) events that have shaped our planet.The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments.It also expands on key concepts in geology,astronomy and biology.Yet,measuring the size of some objects on the photos is difficult due to the lack of a scale bar (比例尺).
1.Which book is organized in the format of question and answer
A Short History of Nearly Everything. Thing Explainer.
Ask an Astronaut. Deep Time.
2.What’s a shortcoming of Thing Explainer
It is rather too long. It is written in plain language.
It lacks technical terms. It fails to include clear images.
3.What do A Short History of Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in common
They combine science and history. They feature vivid illustrations.
They introduce astronauts’ daily life. They entertain readers of all ages.
(2025·昆明“三诊一模”高三质量检测)Why do we universally appreciate cartoons Because they are visual—the humor unfolds right before our eyes.As writers,we have a unique challenge to craft worlds,including humorous ones,using only words.
At first glance,writers and cartoonists have vast different toolboxes and skill sets.But if you look closely,you will notice similar devices,such as simplification,exaggeration (夸张) and contrast.
In many literary forms,decoration enriches a piece.That’s not true for humor writing—humor can get lost with too many details.Adding a bit of shading will give depth to an illustration,yet there’s usually no need to detail every feature.There’s a thin line between plain and funny,and the difference often lies in whether a writer adheres to the universal comedic principle,“less is funnier.” By simplifying complex situations,characters,plots and reactions,your work becomes more digestible and humorous.
Exaggeration is one of the most straightforward and effective comedic tools.As a humor writer,don’t shy away from every chance to stretch the truth,whether by understatement or overstatement.However,effective humor is truth-based.The relationship between exaggeration and realism in humor is like stretching a rubber band (橡皮筋).A little stretching,even repeated stretching,is no problem.However,overstretching the band will cause it to break,as well as the humor and the readers’ trust.
Contrasting is the juxtaposition (并列) of elements not usually coupled,a technique that cartoonists use to create humorous mismatches by placing significantly different elements side by side.As writers,we can use juxtaposition to brainstorm new humor angles and create funny mismatches.
Humor is at its funniest when it’s visual,and writers can craft more humorous material by employing the same techniques used by cartoonists.By thinking and writing visually,you can show the funny to readers.
4.What do writers and cartoonists have in common in expressing humor
They craft worlds literally. They focus closely on details.
They employ techniques alike. They get through to readers easily.
5.What does the underlined phrase “adheres to” in paragraph 3 probably mean
Break. Follow.
Revise. Challenge.
6.What is a way to achieve humor according to the author
Overstating simple situations. Shying away from the truth.
Reducing the number of bining uncoupled elements.
7.Where is the text most probably taken from
A review of modern cartoons. An essay on the art of writing.
An introduction to painting skills. A guidebook for passionate readers.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2025·池州高三模拟)Joe works as a school teacher.Every New Year,he tries to bring 　1　 to his students.He usually gives books to his students.But this time,something completely different happened and Joe 　2　 this new idea to his mom.
Joe’s mother loves to knit (编织).On the eve of New Year he invited the school children to 　3　 for themselves “winter hats of their dreams”,better with 　4　 colors.Everyone did so,but no one even 　5　 what would happen next.The kids 　6　 painted their cute hats with colors before handing them in.And then Joe’s mom made their fantasies 　7　! Yes,the children were simply delighted to find real hats! Of course,Joe’s mother could not always 　8　 the exact color,let alone colorful hats.However,what does it really 　9　 when real New Year magic is happening before your eyes
The vast majority of people gave this teacher the most huge 　10　 and to his wonderful mom as well.After all,not everyone actually 　11　 how much work,time and love goes into these small hats.“Hats 　12　 to your mom! She’s amazing!” one of the students wrote.“It’s absolutely 　13　 when teachers really put their soul into the educational process.”
People will be aware that THIS is the 　14　.Passion,deep love and hard-work characterize this profession.“THANK YOU to you and your mom.” Perhaps this is the best comment,and we should only join in the 　15　.
1.life hope
joy confidence
2.forces owes
applies feeds
3.draw sing
dance play
4.complex rare
mixed solid
5.knew denied
suggested warned
6.hurriedly eagerly
nervously casually
7.go mad come true
catch on show off
8.match paint
describe change
9.inspire save
matter control
10.breakout knockout
handout shout out
11.restricts requires
realizes regrets
12.over on
away off
13.fearless senseless
priceless meaningless
14.ending acting
thinking teaching
15.gratitude communication
promise harmony
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·南京高三调研)The art of seal engraving (篆刻) is a foundation of China’s fine arts.It has been 1.　　　　　　　　 inseparable part of classic Chinese art.In September 2009,China’s seal-engraving art 2.　　　　　　　　 (add) to the list of UNESCO’s items of intangible cultural heritage.
The seal-engraving art,3.　　　　　　　　　 (date) back to the Shang Dynasty,has a history of more than 3,000 years.The art form developed rapidly during the Qin Dynasty,4.　　　　　　　　
people engraved their names on utensils (器皿) and in documents to claim ownership.
Soon after Qin Shi Huang unified China,he ordered craftsmen to use jade to make an imperial seal called “Xi”.Not until the Ming Dynasty did artists and scholars begin using seals engraved with their names 5.　　　　　　　　　 (mark) the ownership of their calligraphy and paintings.
In 1904,Xiling Seal Engravers’ Society was founded with the 6.　　　　　　　　　 (combine) efforts of seal artists from different schools and places 7.　　　　　　　　　 it was the first of its kind in China.
Today seals are still 8.　　　　　　　　　 wide use in official documents and private letters.With engraved seals gaining worldwide 9.　　　　　　　　　 (appreciate) in recent years,an increasing number of people 10.　　　　　　　　　 (become) fascinated with the items.
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:incredible adj.不可思议的;Para.2:entertaining adj.娱乐的,有趣的;Para.3:illustration n.插图; explanation n.解释;enhance vt.增强;Para.4:insight n.了解;洞察力;cutting-edge adj.尖端的; format n.格式;descriptive adj.描述性的
B Para.1:universally adv.一致地;共同地;visual adj.视觉的,视力的;Para.2:vast adj.巨大的; contrast n.明显的差异,对比,对照v.对比,对照;Para.3:enrich v.使丰富;principle n.原则,原理; Para.4:straightforward adj.简单的;坦诚的;effective adj.有效的;realism n.现实主义; Para.5:element n.要素,基本原理;significantly adv.有重大意义地,显著地,明显地
A Para.5:shape　熟义:n.形状;生义:vt.塑造
B Para.1:craft　熟义:n.工艺,手艺;生义:v.(尤指用手工)精心制作 Para.6:employ　熟义:v.雇用;生义:v.运用,应用,使用
A Para.1:a sense of wonder好奇心;Para.2:a long read长时间阅读
B Para.2:at first glance乍一看;Para.4:shy away from(因缺乏信心、担心或紧张而)回避,避开
长 难 句 A Para.3:Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English. [分析]　这是一个复合句。how引导宾语从句,作动词explains的宾语。 [译文]　Randall Munroe用插图和仅仅最常用的一千个英语单词来解释事物的运作方式。
B Para.3:There’s a thin line between plain and funny,and the difference often lies in whether a writer adheres to the universal comedic principle,“less is funnier.” [分析]　这是一个由and连接的并列句。whether引导从句作介词in的宾语。 [译文]　平淡与幽默之间有一条细微的界线,而这种差异往往在于一个作家是否遵循普遍的喜剧原则:“越少越有趣。”
选择性必修第四册　UNIT 1
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。
1.C　[细节理解题。首先,阅读题干,锁定关键词“question and answer”;然后,扫读原文,定位到原文倒数第二段“Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers...”;最后,将选项与原文比对可知,Ask an Astronaut是以问答的形式组织的,故选C项。]
2.C　[细节理解题。根据第三段“However,additionally providing more technical terms...and learning experience.”可知,Thing Explainer的缺点是缺乏专业术语,故选C项。]
3.A　[细节理解题。根据第二段“Combining history and science...these questions.”以及最后一段“The fascinating high-quality images...astronomy and biology.”可知,A Short History of Nearly Everything和Deep Time的共同之处在于都结合了科学和历史,故选A项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要建议作家使用简化、夸张和对比的方式达到幽默的效果,通过视觉化的思考和写作,向读者展示有趣的东西。
4.C　[细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,乍一看,作家和漫画家的工具箱和技能组合大不相同,但如果你仔细观察,你会注意到类似的手段,如简化、夸张和对比。由此可知,他们采用的技术是相似的,故选C项。]
5.B　[词义猜测题。根据下文的“comedic principle,‘less is funnier.’”并结合语境可推知,此处表示平淡和滑稽之间只有微妙的分际,区别往往在于作家是否遵循普遍的喜剧原则:“越少越有趣。”通过简化复杂的情况、人物、情节和反应,作品会变得更加易于理解和幽默。故画线短语应该是“遵循”的意思,与follow的意思最为接近,故选B项。]
6.D　[细节理解题。倒数第二段谈到对比是通过将显著不同的元素并排放置来创造幽默的不匹配。作家可以用并列来集思广益,想出新的幽默角度,创造有趣的不匹配。故可知,实现幽默的手法就是把不相结合的元素组合在一起,故选D项。]
7.B　[文章出处题。第一段谈到“As writers...using only words.”(作为作家,我们面临着一个独特的挑战,即只用文字来创造世界,包括幽默的世界),然后接下来谈到如何做到完美的幽默,最后一段又建议作家可以通过采用与漫画家相同的技术来制作更多的幽默素材,通过视觉化的思考和写作,向读者展示有趣的东西。由此可知,本文与写作艺术有关,故项B项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位教师让他的妈妈给班上的学生织冬帽以给学生带来惊喜,并将爱与激情投入到教学中的故事。
1.C　[life生命;hope希望;joy快乐;confidence自信。根据下文可知,此处指的是给学生们带来“快乐”,故选C项。]
2.B　[force迫使;owe归功于;apply应用;feed喂养。根据上文中的“But this time,something completely different happened”和下文中的“this new idea to his mom”和“Joe’s mother loves to knit.”可知,此处指的是乔把这个新点子“归功于”妈妈,故选B项。]
3.A　[draw画;sing唱;dance跳舞;play玩耍。根据下文中的“winter hats of their dreams”和“painted their cute hats with colors”可知,此处提到了“梦想中的冬帽”,由此可推断,此处表达的是要学生们“画”一幅画,故选A项。]
4.D　[complex复杂的;rare罕见的;mixed混合的;solid纯色的。根据上文“better with”以及下文“Of course,Joe’s mother could not always 　　　　the exact color,let alone colorful hats.”可知,此处指的是乔的妈妈不能编织太复杂的颜色,所以让孩子们最好用“纯色”画梦想中的冬帽,故选D项。]
5.A　[know知道;deny拒绝;suggest建议;warn警告。根据上文中的“Everyone did so”以及下文中的“what would happen next.”可知,每人都做了,结合but可推断,此处指的是没有人“知道”接下来会发生什么,故选A项。]
6.B　[hurriedly匆忙地;eagerly热切地;nervously提心吊胆地;casually漫不经心地。根据下文中的“painted their cute hats with colors before handing them in”可知,孩子们用彩笔给可爱的小帽子涂色,完成后才交上去,可以看出孩子们反应热切,由此可推断,此处“热切地”符合语境,故选B项。]
7.B　[go mad发疯;come true变成现实;catch on变得流行;show off炫耀。根据下文中的“the children were simply delighted to find real hats”可知,孩子们发现这些竟是真正的帽子,欣喜不已,由此可推断,此处指的是乔的妈妈让他们画的梦想“变成现实”,故选B项。]
8.A　[match匹配;paint绘画;describe描述;change改变。根据语境以及下文中的“the exact color,let alone colorful hats”可知,乔的母亲在把孩子们“梦想中的冬帽变成现实”,但要想匹配到与画的冬帽一样的颜色是困难的,更不用说色彩斑斓的颜色,由此可知推断,此处指的是 “匹配”完全相同的颜色,故选A项。]
9.C　[inspire激励;save拯救;matter要紧,事关紧要;control控制。根据下文“when real New Year magic is happening before your eyes”可知,当你亲眼目睹真正的新年魔法时,找不到完全匹配的颜色又有什么关系呢 空白处应表示“要紧,事关紧要”,故选C项。]
10.D　[breakout逃脱;knockout击倒;handout救济品;shout out公开感激或赞赏。根据上文中的“The vast majority of people gave this teacher the most huge”并结合语境可知,此处讲述的是人们对乔和他的妈妈所做的事情的反应,也就是给他们致以“公开感激赞赏”,故选D项。]
11.C　[restrict限制;require要求;realize意识到;regret懊悔。根据下文中的“how much work,time and love goes into these small hats”可知,此处表示不是每人都能“意识到”这些帽子背后付出了多少,故选C项。]
12.D　[over向……上方;on在……之上;away离开(某距离);off从……移开。根据下文中的“She’s amazing!”可知,此处表示的是向乔的母亲致敬,hats off to意为“脱帽向……致敬”,故选D项。]
13.C　[fearless无畏的;senseless无知的;priceless宝贵的,无价的;meaningless无价值的。根据下文中的“when teachers really put their soul into the educational process”可知,此处指的是当老师们真正将灵魂投入到教育过程中时,那是非常“宝贵的”,故选C项。]
14.D　[ending结尾;acting表演;thinking思考;teaching教育。根据上文中的“It’s absolutely 　　　　when teachers really put their soul into the educational process.”可知,此处指的是真正的“教育”应该有的样子,故选D项。]
15.A　[gratitude感激;communication表达;promise承诺;harmony和谐。根据上文中的“THANK YOU to you and your mom”可知,这是一个表达感谢的语句,由此可推断,此处指的是人们对这位老师及其母亲所付出的努力和爱心表示“感激”,故选A项。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了篆刻艺术的重要性及其发展演变史。
1.an　[考查冠词。空处修饰名词part,且名词前有形容词修饰。根据句意“它一直是中国古典艺术不可分割的一部分”可知,此处表示泛指,且inseparable的发音以元音音素开头,故填词an。]
2.was added　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语In September 2009可知,时态用一般过去时。主语China’s seal-engraving art表示第三人称单数,且与add之间是被动关系,故填was added。]
3.dating　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作非谓语。空处与逻辑主语The seal-engraving art之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词。date back to“追溯到”,是固定短语,故填dating。]
4.when　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词为表示时间的the Qin Dynasty,从句缺状语,故填when。]
5.to mark　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作非谓语,构成非谓语动词短语作目的状语,应用不定式,故填to mark。]
6.combined　[考查词性转换。空前是定冠词the,空后是名词efforts,故空处应用形容词修饰名词,故填combined。]
7.and　[考查并列连词。空前后均为成分完整的句子,结合句意可知,前后句之间是并列关系,故填and。]
8.in　[考查介词。in wide use“在广泛使用中”,是固定短语,故填in。]
9.appreciation　[考查词性转换。空处作gaining的宾语,且空前有形容词worldwide修饰,故空处应用名词,故填appreciation。]
10.have become　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语in recent years可知,时态用现在完成时。主语为an increasing number of people,且a number of 表示数个,谓语动词用复数形式,故填have become。]选择性必修第四册　UNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
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(2025·东北三省四城市高三联考)Nanako Hama was holding a light envelope.When she tore it open with care,locks of hair emerged.Many strangers send Hama locks of their hair,hoping to recycle it.
People generate a huge amount of hair waste.Nearly all of that waste ends up in landfill,where it can release harmful greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.But hair possesses so many useful qualities that it’s a shame to simply throw it away.That’s why people all around the world,like Hama,have been collecting hair and finding innovative ways to recycle it,including making mats (垫子) out of it for removing oil leaks in the ocean.
Hama is part of the nonprofit Matter of Trust(MoT) members working at more than 60 centers dotted across 17 countries,using machines to make hair donated from local salons and individuals into square mats,which are then used to clean up the floating oil.“Hair is particularly well-suited for this,” says MoT co-founder Lisa Gautier.“That’s because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.”MoT’s mats have been used in major oil leaks,including the 2010 Deepwater Horizon and 2007 Cosco Busan incidents.
In a 2018 study,Murray,an environmental scientist at the University of Technology Sydney in Australia found that mats made of recycled human hair could absorb 0.84 grams of oil onto its surface for every gram of hair—significantly more than polypropylene (聚丙烯),a type of plastic that’s typically used to clean up the floating oil.Besides,hair is also useful as fertilizer (化肥).Hair contains relatively high nitrogen (氮),a chemical element crucial for plant growth,and each lock of hair is made of roughly 16 percent of this essential nutrient.Last year,more than 560 gallons of liquid fertilizer made from human hair was sold to farmers in northern Tanzania and the feedback from the farmers has been very encouraging.
“It’s just a great way to use hair in a productive way.Hair is an answer literally hanging in front of our eyes—for oil and soil,” Hama says.
4.How does the author introduce the topic
By presenting a scene. By detailing the background.
By describing the usage of hair. By praising an environmentalist.
5.What can the mat made of human hair do
Improve soil. Prevent oil leaks.
Take in harmful gases. Clear the sea of oil.
6.Which qualities of hair contribute to its innovative use
Its color and strength. Its length and amount.
Its weight and flexibility. Its structure and component.
7.Which best describes the future of hair waste as fertilizer
Uncertain. Promising.
Doubtful. Worrying.
(2025·海南中学高三模拟)That dinosaurs ate the mammals (哺乳动物) that ran beneath their feet is not in doubt.Now an extraordinary fossil newly described in Scientific Reports,unearthed by a team led by Gang Han at Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology in China,shows that sometimes the tables were turned.
The fossil dated to about 125 million years ago,during the Cretaceous period was formed when a flow of boiling volcanic mud swallowed two animals seemingly locked in a life-and-death fight.The one on top is a mammal.This animal is a herbivorous species closely related to the Triceratops (三角恐龙).Animal interactions such as this are exceptionally kept in the fossil record.
One possibility is that the mammal was eating something already dead other than hunting live prey.These days it is uncommon for small mammals to attack much larger animals.But it is not unheard of.And Dr.Han and his colleagues point out that those mammals which eat dead bodies typically leave tooth marks all over the bones of the animals.The dinosaur’s remains show no such marks.There is also a chance the fossil could be a fake.More and more convincing fakes have emerged,as this one did though Dr.Han and his colleagues argue that the complexly connected nature of the skeletons (骨骼) makes that unlikely,too.
Assuming it is genuine,the discovery serves as a reminder that not all dinosaurs were enormous during the Cretaceous and not all mammals were tiny.From nose to tail,the dinosaur is just 1.2 meters long.The mammal is a bit under half a meter in length.Despite being half the size,the mammal has one paw firmly wrapped around one of its prey’s limbs,and another pulling on its jaw.It is biting down on the dinosaur’s chest,and has ripped off two of its ribs.Before they were interrupted,it seems that the mammal was winning.
8.Which idiom is closest in meaning to underlined part “the tables were turned” in paragraph 1
The fittest survives. The hunters become hunted.
Fortune always favors the brave. The truth will always come to light.
9.Why does the author mention the “tooth marks” in paragraph 3
To prove the fossil was fake. To show the forming of the fossil.
To illustrate the process of hunting. To suggest the dinosaur was hunted alive.
10.What makes Dr.Han think the fossil is genuine
The size of the fossil. The absence of fake fossils.
The complexity of the skeletons. The consistency of the opinions.
11.What is the function of the last paragraph
It offers a cause. It highlights a solution.
It justifies the conclusion. It provides a new discovery.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·江西师大附中高三模拟)Many people think of travel as an unusual experience,and rightly so.　1　 This happened to me in 2019.
My husband got a new job in Brunei.Three months’ pregnancy meant that I had to make a choice:either stay with him in Brunei for several months before returning to India or remain in India alone.I chose the former.　2　
Brunei had never held any appeal for me.All the research from the Internet showed me nothing attractive other than one beautiful building.The flights in and out of the country were expensive.　3　 I was saddened by a sense of being trapped in a remote place.Needless to say,I reached Brunei in a bad mood.But then we were greeted by a large area of greenery.I was not a city girl but the greenery truly delighted me.
Although it took a week,I soon found myself interacting well with people around me.Fellow non-natives and locals all went out of their way to make me feel at home.　4　 We hiked,we joined the board game community,and we enjoyed the local food.Months later,when it was time for us to leave,I found myself unwilling to say goodbye to the warmth of the country.
My time in Brunei has taught me a valuable lesson:　5　 Sure,you may not always like what you see,but there will always be something that you will like.You just need to make an effort to find it!
A.Yet,somehow,I still felt a bit homesick.
B.The more comfortable I felt,the more we explored.
C.This meant traveling frequently out was not an option.
D.Not because I loved the country but because “we are family”.
E.Don’t judge a place by what others say or a lack of information.
F.Sometimes,however,you cannot choose the place you travel to.
G.To have a good experience,they always select the destinations carefully.
1.　　　　　　　　　　
2.　　　　　　
3.　　　　　　
4.　　　　　　
5.　　　　　　
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:website n.网站;Para.4:data n.数据;Para.5:policy n.政策
B Para.1:emerge v.浮现,出现;Para.2:generate v.产生,引起;landfill n.废物填埋地(或场); release v.释放;发布;possess v.拥有;Para.3:dot v.星罗棋布于stick v.粘贴;粘住; Para.4:significantly adv.有重大意义地;显著地;明显地;crucial adj.至关重要的,关键性的; essential adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;nutrient n.营养素;营养物;feedback n.反馈的意见(或信息);Para.5:productive adj.有效益的;富有成效的;生产的;(尤指)多产的
C Para.1:extraordinary adj.非凡的;Para.2:boiling adj.炽热的;swallow v.吞没; exceptionally adv.异常地;Para.3:possibility n.可能性;typically adv.通常地;remains n.遗体;遗骸; convincing adj.令人信服的;Para.4:assuming conj.假设;enormous adj.巨大的
熟 词 生 义 A Para.2:store　熟义:n.商店,店铺　生义:vt.(在计算机里)存储
B Para.1:lock　熟义:n.锁;生义:n.一绺(或一缕)头发
C Para.2:date　熟义:n.日期;生义:v.确定年代;注明日期;Para.3:chance　熟义:n.机会;生义:n.可能性
词 块 积 累 A Para.4:sign up for注册;provide the services提供服务;Para.5:click on点击
B Para.2:throw away扔掉
C Para.2:a flow of一股;be related to与……属于同一种类的;与……有关;Para.3:other than除了; point out指出;Para.4:serve as作为
长 难 句 式 A Para.4:We may use this information to contact you and provide the services you request from us. [分析]　并列连词and连接两个不定式短语to contact you和to provide the services...,定语从句you request from us修饰先行词services。 [译文]　我们可能会使用这些信息来联系您并提供您向我们请求的服务。
C Para.3:And Dr.Han and his colleagues point out that those mammals which eat dead bodies typically leave tooth marks all over the bones of the animals. [分析]　这是一个复合句。that引导从句作point out的宾语;关系代词which引导定语从句修饰先行词mammals。 [译文]　韩博士和他的同事们指出,那些吃死尸的哺乳动物通常会在动物的骨头上留下齿痕。
选择性必修第四册　UNIT 2
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了国家地理学会网站访问须知。
1.C　[细节理解题。根据Cookies部分的“if you do not accept cookies from us,your ability to use some areas of our site will be limited”可知,如果你不接受网站的网络标记,你使用网站某些区域的能力将受到限制,故选C项。]
2.D　[细节理解题。根据第三个小标题下的“If you click on or interact with a hyperlink...you have left our Services and are sending information to a different website or application.”可知,点击非国家地理学会服务的超链接会将信息发送到其他网站或应用程序,故选D项。]
3.B　[文章类型题。本文描述了国家地理学会网站如何收集和使用信息,以及点击非国家地理学会服务的超链接会发生什么。这些是人们访问网站时会出现的,所以本文与网站的使用有关,故选B项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要以Nanako Hama收到了陌生人寄来的头发这一场景引入话题——头发的神奇功能。它不仅可以清除海上泄漏的石油,还可以被当作肥料来用。
4.A　[写作手法题。根据第一段内容可知,Hama握着一个轻盈的信封,她小心地打开信封,几缕头发出现了。许多陌生人寄头发给她,希望头发能够被回收利用。由此可知,作者是通过描述一个场景来引出本文话题的,故选A项。]
5.D　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“Hama is part of the nonprofit...which are then used to clean up the floating oil.”可知,Hama所在的非营利组织使用机器把当地的理发店和个人捐赠的头发制成正方形的垫子,是为了清除(海上)漂浮的石油,故选D项。]
易错点拨　本题易错选B项,B项属于偷换概念。根据第二段的“including making mats(垫子) out of it for removing oil leaks in the ocean”和常识可知,头发编成的垫子是用来清除海里泄漏的石油的,并不能阻止石油泄漏,故排除。
6.D　[推理判断题。根据第三段的“Hair is particularly welled-suited for this...oil stick to it.”可知,头发特别适合清除漂浮的石油,这是因为头发粗糙的外层能够让石油黏附在其表面;再结合第四段中的“Besides,hair is also useful as...this essential nutrient.”可知,头发作为化肥也很有用,它的氮含量相对高,氮是对植物生长很重要的一种化学成分。所以可推断出是头发的结构和成分让人们对它有了创新性的使用方法,故选D项。]
7.B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Last year,more than...has been very encouraging.”可知,去年,由人类头发制作的560多加仑的液体化肥被出售给坦桑尼亚北部的农民,农民的反馈很鼓舞人心。由此可知,头发废物作为化肥是很有前景的,故选B项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了最近发现的一个化石表明,有时恐龙也会被哺乳动物猎杀。
8.B　[句意理解题。首先,根据画线句前的“That dinosaurs ate the mammals (哺乳动物) that ran beneath their feet is not in doubt.”可知,恐龙吃跑在它们脚下的哺乳动物是毫无疑问的;然后,根据画线词后面的第二段、第三段可知,最新发现的一个化石表明,在一场生死搏斗中,哺乳动物占了上风,并且小型动物攻击大型动物也并非没有。由此可知,有时情况会发生逆转,即公认的捕猎者反被猎捕。因此猜测,画线部分意为“捕猎者成为猎物”,故选B项。]
9.D　[写作意图题。根据第三段的“These days it is uncommon...no such marks.”推知,提出恐龙化石的骨骼上没有牙齿印是为了表明它很有可能是在活着时被小型哺乳动物猎杀的,故选D项。]
10.C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“More and more convincing fakes...makes that unlikely,too.”可知,骨骼之间复杂的连接性使得Dr.Han和他的同事们认为化石是真的,故选C项。]
11.C　[写作意图题。根据第一段“Now an extraordinary fossil...that sometimes the tables were turned.”以及最后一段“From nose to tail...that the mammal was winning.”推知,最后一段对化石的描述是为了证明第一段提到的研究结论的正确性,即恐龙有时会被哺乳动物猎杀,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过自己跟随丈夫前往文莱短暂生活的经历告诉人们,纵使旅行的目的地非你所选,那里也一定有你喜欢的东西,你只要努力寻找就能发现。
1.F　[本文为总分结构,在首段提出自己的观点。设空处位于段中。空前提到很多人认为旅行是一次不同寻常的经历,这是很自然的。空后提到作者在2019年的经历就是这样。再结合下文提到的作者的丈夫因工作要去文莱,而作者陪同前往可知,F项“然而有时你不能选择自己旅行的目的地”能够承接上文,并顺承下文内容,符合语境。]
2.D　[空前提到丈夫需要前往文莱工作,有三个月身孕的作者要做出选择:与丈夫一起前往文莱生活几个月然后返回印度或者独自待在印度。而作者选择了前者。第三段首句提到文莱对作者没有任何吸引力。由此可知,空处应承接上文,陈述作者做出这样的选择的原因、影响或者后果等。D项“不是因为我多喜欢这个国家,而是因为‘我们是一家人’”符合语境。]
3.C　[根据段落主旨句“Brunei had never held any appeal for me”可知,本段围绕文莱对作者没有任何吸引力展开。空前提到作者从网络上查到文莱这个国家除了一栋漂亮的建筑之外没什么吸引力,而且出入境的机票还很贵。空后提到一种被困在一个偏远地方的感觉让作者感到难过。由此可知,空处应还是在说文莱是个对作者没有吸引力的地方,且与自由出入有关。C项“这意味着频繁出去旅行不是一个选择”符合语境。]
4.B　[空前提到与作者有相同处境的非本地人和本地人都想尽办法让作者感到舒服自在。空后提到作者他们一起徒步旅行,加入棋盘游戏社团并享受当地的食物。由此可知,空处应能承上启下,既提到作者感到舒适,又能引出下文作者和他们一起进行的多样的活动。B项“我越是感到舒适,我们探索得就越多”符合语境。]
5.E　[最后一段是作者的感悟,起总结前文的作用。由整个语篇可知,作者在文莱的短暂生活经历使得她改变了对文莱刻板的消极印象,开始喜欢那儿的生活了。再结合空后提到的“你可能不会总是喜欢你见到的东西,但总会有让你喜欢的东西,只要努力寻找就能发现”可知,E项“不要通过别人的话或者在信息不足的情况下评判一个地方”符合语境。空后的内容解释了作者得出这一结论的原因。]选择性必修第四册　UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2025·长郡中学高三模拟)There are many potential sources of clean energy out there:solar energy,wind energy,hydrogen-based energy,and more.One of the less-known sources of clean energy is wave energy.Now the energy is being put to use in an almost funny way,turning seawater into drinking water by Oneka,a Canadian startup.
In general,there are two traditional kinds of desalination (脱盐) technology.In the first technology,seawater is heated till the water changes into steam,leaving the salt behind,and then the steam is cooled,turning into water,and made available for use.In the second one,seawater is pushed through a see-through thin material,separating the salt and the water,which consumes relatively less fuel compared with the first technology.Whichever technology is used,however,most desalination plants run on non-renewable energy.
Desalination equipment is traditionally powered by fossil fuels,but the world has certainly reached a vital point where it’s necessary to move away from fossil fuel-powered desalination.This is where Oneka’s unique desalination technology comes in.Oneka uses floating desalination machines,attached to a kind of floating device which then absorbs energy from the ocean waves,and changes it into mechanical forces,to pump the water through the see-through thin material system.The fresh water is then pumped to land,through the power of the waves.
The waste from conventional desalination plants contains high concentrations of salt which is discharged into the sea,creating a zone where sea life dies off.Oneka’s technology steers clear of this,because the water that streams back into the ocean only has a 30 percent increase in the salt concentration,and is quickly spread by the waves.
This innovative technology shows us that sometimes the solutions to complicated problems don’t have to be complicated at all.Sometimes all you need are the ocean waves.
1.Which can best describe the first technology in paragraph 2
It is labor-intensive. It is energy-hungry.
It separates salt via cooling. It outperforms the second one.
2.What can we learn about Oneka’s technology
It’s slightly complicated. It leaves little salt behind.
It reshapes fresh water storage. It’s mechanically driven.
3.What does the underlined phrase “steers clear of” in paragraph 4 probably mean
Relieves. Facilitates.
Envelops. Achieves.
4.Which can be a suitable title for the text
Eco-driven Desalination Machines Ocean Waves:The New Energy Solution
Wave-powered Green Desalination Desalination:The Future of Fresh Water
(2025·杭州高三质量检测)Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole.Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales,such as sperm whales,have one hole,baleen (鲸须) whales,such as humpback and Rice’s whales,have two.
Even among the baleen whales,the place of those nostrils differs.In some species they are close together.In others,they are much further apart.In a paper published in Biology Letters,Conor Ryan,a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science,suggests why that might be.Having two nostrils,he argues,helps whales smell in stereo (立体声).
Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物),which they catch by filtering (过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths.But to eat something,you first have to find it.Toothed whales do not hunt by scent.In fact,the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures.But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs,which suggests smell remains important.And scent can indeed give zooplankton away.Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物).When these are under attack,they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphone,which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Most animals have stereoscopic senses.Having two eyes,for instance,allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth.Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming.Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.
The further apart the sensory organs are,the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them.The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species.Sure enough,baleen whales that often eat zooplankton,such as the North Atlantic right whale,have nostrils that are further apart than those,such as humpback whales,that eat zooplankton occasionally.Besides allowing them to breathe,it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.
5.What do we know about whales’ blowholes according to the first two paragraphs
They are adapted ones. They are developed merely for smell.
They are not easy to detect. They are fixed universally in numbers.
6.What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton
The teeth that baleen whales have.
The smell that phytoplankton send.
The sound waves that zooplankton create.
The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
7.How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4
By quoting a theory. By using examples.
By making contrast. By making inferences.
8.What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph
The sense of smell. The possibility to attract food.
The ability to locate food. The ability to communicate.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2025·郑州高三模拟)Greenstein Prescott was a high school senior.Her English teacher,Fred DiMeo,gave her an assignment:　1　 a poem in front of the whole class.
Greenstein had a mild stutter (口吃).The 　2　 of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem was too much to 　3　.Greenstein went home and 　4　 how scared she was.Her mom agreed to write a note asking for her to be 　5　 from doing the assignment.
When the day finally came,Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo.Once she was 　6　,DiMeo said something Greenstein’d never heard before:He liked listening to her 　7　.For the first time,Greenstein considered the possibility that public speaking didn’t have to be a 　8　 of fear.“I think it was so 　9　 in his mind and I should have nothing to be 　10　 of,” Greenstein said.
Greenstein went on to graduate from high school and go to college.She never got to 　11　 thank DiMeo.But after college,she landed a job as a corporate trainer.The new 　12　 made her realize how big an impact DiMeo had had on her 　13　.
“He truly is an unsung 　14　 because he played a big role in my successful career.I don’t know where I would have been if I was fearful of 　15　 myself.I’d like to give him my thanks for that kindness,” Greenstein said.
1.Create Recite
Assess Repeat
2.chance memory
trouble thought
3.bear control
forget ignore
4.confirmed imagined
revealed recorded
5.prohibited questioned
excused discouraged
6.tired done
stressed hesitant
7.story voice
opinion explanation
8.feature source
treatment signal
9.minor funny
flexible necessary
10.guilty proud
mindful afraid
11.generously secretly
properly regularly
12.position challenge
connection opportunity
13.family reputation
confidence patience
14.hero citizen
fighter volunteer
15.forgiving punishing
limiting embarrassing
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·东北师大附中高三模拟)Over 400 pieces of Dehua white porcelain (德化白瓷) are on display in the National Museum of China in Beijing,with the exhibition 1.　　　　　　　　　 (run) from Aug 26 for three months.
Dehua white porcelain is famous for its pure white color.According to Chen Chao,an artist dedicated to porcelain research,Dehua porcelain is 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 (extraordinary) pure and white because the kaolin (高岭土) in Dehua county in Fujian has a low percentage of iron,making 3.　　　　　　　　　 porcelain stainless like white jade.
Sitting in Quanzhou city,4.　　　　　　　　　 the ancient Maritime Silk Road started,Dehua white porcelain 5.　　　　　　　　　 (sell) like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty.In 2006,Dehua white porcelain 6.　　　　　　　　　 (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage.
Despite the past glories,Dehua craftsmen never stop 7.　　　　　　　　　 (improve) their skills.One 8.　　　　　　　　 (impress) skill is “the eggshell technique”.9.　　　　　　　　　 the technique improved by generations of craftsmen,today’s eggshell porcelain can be made as thin as paper.
“By combining traditional Chinese artistic skills with modern 10.　　　　　　　　　　　　 (discipline) like material science and humanities,Dehua white porcelain will continue to enhance the cultural confidence of the Chinese people as they create even more outstanding works,” said Chen.
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:potential adj.潜在的;Para.2:fuel n.燃料;Para.3:equipment n.设备; Para.5:innovative adj.创新的;complicated adj.复杂的
B Para.3:release v.释放,放出;Para.4:perceive v.注意到,意识到,察觉到; Para.5:extract v.设法得到(对方不愿提供的信息、回答等);提取
A Para.2:run　熟义:v.跑;生义:v.运行;Para.3:pump　熟义:n.泵;生义:v.抽水
B Para.5:photograph　熟义:n.照片;生义:vt.拍摄
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:turn into变成;Para.2:in general通常;push through推动;Para.3:attach...to把……附在; Para.5:solutions to……的解决方案
B Para.1:breathe through通过……呼吸;Para.2:close together紧密在一起; Para.3:remain important仍然重要;Para.5:belong to属于
长 难 句 式 A Para.4:The waste from conventional desalination plants contains high concentrations of salt which is discharged into the sea,creating a zone where sea life dies off. [分析]　这是一个复合句。关系代词which引导定语从句,修饰先行词salt;关系副词where引导定语从句,修饰先行词zone;现在分词短语creating a zone where sea life dies off作结果状语。 [译文]　传统脱盐厂的废物含有高浓度的盐,这些盐被排放到海中,形成一个海洋生物死亡的区域。
B Para.3:Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton(浮游动物),which they catch by filtering(过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths. [分析]　which引导定语从句,修饰先行词zooplankton;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the sheets of fibrous baleen。 [译文]　许多类型的须鲸以被称为浮游动物的微小动物为食,它们用纤维状的鲸须片从海水中过滤浮游动物,这些鲸须片已经取代了它们嘴里的牙齿。
选择性必修第四册　UNIT 3
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大创业公司Oneka利用海浪能源进行海水淡化的技术。
1.B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the first technology...and made available for use.”可知,第一种技术需要先加热海盐再将水蒸汽冷却,这个过程会消耗大量的能源,故选B项。]
2.D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Oneka uses floating desalination machines...through the see-through thin material system.”可知 Oneka的技术靠“机械驱动”,故选 D项。]
3.A　[词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“The waste...where sea life dies off.”和“because the water...and is quickly spread by the waves.”可知,Oneka的技术降低了排水中的盐浓度,并且可以借助海浪很快将其扩散,缓解了盐浓度太高导致海洋生物死亡的这个问题,故画线词的意思是“缓解”,故选A项。]
4.C　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容,特别是第三段“This is where Oneka’s unique desalination technology... the see-through thin material system.”可知,文章主要讲述了Oneka利用海浪能源进行海水淡化的技术,故选C项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了鲸鱼鼻孔的数目、分布位置以及鼻孔在捕食中发挥的作用等。
5.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔)...that spends its life at sea.”可知,鲸鱼的呼吸孔其实是鼻孔,它通过略微进化变成一种对在海上生活的哺乳动物更有用的形态。由此可知,鲸鱼的呼吸孔是进化而来的,故选A项。]
6.B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句和“Zooplankton like to eat...which in turn attracts baleen whales.”可知,须鲸捕食浮游动物,而浮游动物喜欢吃叫作浮游植物的微小生物。当浮游植物受到攻击时,它们会释放一种叫作二甲硫的特殊气体,从而吸引须鲸。由此可知,浮游植物释放的气体吸引须鲸捕食浮游动物,故选B项。]
7.B　[写作手法题。根据第四段中的“for instance”可知,本段是通过举例来说明“stereoscopic senses”的,故选B项。]
8.C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“baleen whales that often eat zooplankton...in which direction dinner lies”可知,经常吃浮游动物的须鲸的鼻孔比偶尔吃浮游动物的鲸鱼的鼻孔间隔更远,一些鲸鱼似乎还用它们的呼吸孔来确定晚餐的方位。由此可知,鼻孔的位置与找到食物的能力相关,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Greenstein Prescott有轻度口吃,害怕在公众场合表现,在一次任务中,老师Fred DiMeo称赞她的声音,给了Greenstein Prescott自信,最后获得了事业的成功。
1.B　[create创造;recite朗诵;assess评估;repeat重复。根据第三段“Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo”可知,DiMeo老师给Greenstein布置了朗诵诗歌的任务,故选B项。]
2.D　[chance机会;memory记忆力;trouble麻烦;thought想法。根据“Greenstein had a mild stutter(口吃).”及“of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem”可知,这里表示Greenstein对于这件事情的想法,故选D项。]
3.A　[bear忍受;control控制;forget忘记;ignore忽视。根据“stuttering through the poem”可知,一想到在同学面前会口吃,Greenstein就无法忍受,故选A项。]
4.C　[confirm证实;imagine想象;reveal揭示,透露;record记录。根据“Greenstein went home and 　　　　how scared she was.”可知,回家应该是和妈妈透露自己有多害怕,故选C项。]
5.C　[prohibit禁止;question询问;excuse同意免除;discourage使……泄气。根据“Her mom agreed to write a note asking for her”及“from doing the assignment”可知,此处表示妈妈看到Greenstein十分害怕,就同意写便条请求同意孩子免除这个任务,be excused from doing意思为:同意免除做某事,故选C项。]
6.B　[tired劳累的;done结束的;stressed有压力的;hesitant犹豫的。根据前文“Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo”可知,老师要求Greenstein一对一朗诵给老师听,结合“DiMeo said something Greenstein’d never heard before”可知,这是老师在Greenstein朗诵完成之后说的,故选B项。]
7.B　[story故事;voice声音;opinion观点;explanation解释。根据“He liked listening to her”可知,上文提及Greenstein有些结巴,所以此处是老师鼓励她,说喜欢她的声音,故选B项。]
8.B　[feature特点;source来源;treatment治疗,对待;signal信号。根据上文“Greenstein went home and 　　　　how scared she was.”可知,得知老师让自己在公开场合朗诵诗歌,Greenstein一开始很害怕,但此处老师的话语让她意识到,公开演讲不一定是恐惧的来源,故选B项。]
9.A　[minor轻微的;funny滑稽的;flexible灵活的;necessary必要的。根据上文“He liked listening to her 　　　　.”可知,老师喜欢Greenstein的声音,而忽略了她的口吃,所以她觉得这件事在老师的心里是十分轻微的缺点,故选A项。]
10.D　[guilty愧疚的;proud骄傲的;mindful留意的;afraid害怕的。根据上文“that public speaking didn’t have to be a 　　　　of fear.”可知,Greenstein在此处意识到,害怕也是没有必要的,故选D项。]
11.C　[generously慷慨地;secretly秘密地;properly合适地,真正地;regularly规律地。根据“Greenstein went on to graduate from high school and go to college.”可知,Greenstein之后就毕业升学了,并没有真正地感谢过老师DiMeo,故选C项。]
12.A　[position位置,职位;challenge挑战;connection联系;opportunity机会。根据“she landed a job as a corporate trainer”可知,Greenstein找到了工作,这个工作的职位让她想起了老师DiMeo,故选A项。]
13.C　[family家庭;reputation名声;confidence信心;patience耐心。根据上文“I think it was so 　　　　in his mind and I should have nothing to be 　　　　of”可知,老师DiMeo的话语缓解了Greenstein对口吃的自卑心理,对她的信心产生了积极影响,故选C项。]
14.A　[hero英雄;citizen居民;fighter战士;volunteer志愿者。根据“because he played a big role in my successful career”可知,老师DiMeo在Greenstein眼里是一位英雄,故选A项。]
15.D　[forgive原谅;punish惩罚;limit限制;embarrass使尴尬。根据上文可知,如果没有老师的话语,Greenstein仍然会害怕自己陷入尴尬,故选D项。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了德化白瓷的特点和发展历史。
1.running　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处为with复合结构,其中的动词应为非谓语形式,the exhibition和run为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以为现在分词形式,故填running。]
2.extraordinarily　[考查词性转换。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词作状语修饰形容词pure,故填extraordinarily。]
3.the　[考查冠词。根据句意以及空后porcelain为名词可知,此处为特指上文提到的“德化白瓷”,故填the。]
4.where　[考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处为关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词Quanzhou city在从句中作地点状语成分,故填where。]
5.has sold/has been selling　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,根据该句since可知,时态为现在完成时,也可为现在完成进行时,结合主语Dehua white porcelain为单数意义名词,所以动词用第三人称单数形式,故填has sold/has been selling。]
6.was listed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,主语Dehua white porcelain为单数意义名词且和动词list为被动关系,结合时间状语In 2006可知,此处为一般过去时的被动语态结构,故填was listed。]
7.improving　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语stop doing sth“停止做某事”,所以此处为非谓语形式,故填improving。]
8.impressive　[考查词性转换。由空后skill为名词可知,此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词,满足句意要求,故填impressive。]
9.With　[考查介词。分析句子可知,此处为with复合结构,表示“随着,伴随着”,满足句意要求,且句首首字母大写,故填With。]
10.disciplines　[考查名词的数。根据句意以及空后“material science and humanities”提到两种原则可知,此处为名词复数形式,故填disciplines。]选择性必修第四册　UNIT 4　SHARING
Ⅰ.应用文写作(满分15分)
(2025·哈尔滨六中高三模拟)假定你是李华。几个月前,你由于英语学习进步缓慢而感到沮丧,外教Mr.Smith给予你帮助。请你给他写一封邮件,内容包括:
1.表示感谢;2.回顾Mr.Smith对你的帮助;3.你的感受。
注意:1.写作词数应为 80个左右。
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Mr.Smith,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·鞍山高三模拟)My name is Fauna,but Mom and Dad sometimes call me Magpie,since I talk a lot.They call me “animal magnet”, too;because animals like me.I don’t mind at all because I like them,too.In fact,what I really,really want is a pet of my own.My dad has a pet fish,and I like it a lot—but I would still like a pet that’s all mine.
“Let’s do some research,” said Dad,“and see what kind of pet is best for you.”
“And keep your eyes peeled,” said Mom.“You never know when an opportunity will come along.”
One did come along.
I was on my way home from school when I saw a unicorn (独角兽) standing in back of Baker Trembly’s shop.He was nibbling stale biscuits out of the trash can.I thought he might be a wild unicorn who came into town,but he trotted (小跑) right up to me when I held out the apple I had in my backpack,left over from lunch.
“It followed me home!” I told my parents,after I managed to lead the unicorn to our front gate.“Can I keep it ”
“I hope you were careful,” said my dad with a frown.“Unicorns can be dangerous.”
“Not this one! He’s very sweet.And he’s just what I want! I can keep him in the garden.”
“He does look sweet,” said my mom.“Let’s check his tags (标牌).”
Tags I hadn’t even noticed his thin silver collar.I’d been so excited.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
There was a little tag on him,with a phone number.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　“I’ve had him since he was little,” Sari said.“We’ve never been apart.”　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
选择性必修第四册　UNIT 4
Ⅰ.【参考范文】
Dear Mr.Smith,
I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your invaluable assistance in improving my English.
A few months ago,I was at a loss what to do because I had little progress in English.It’s your guidance and support that have made a significant difference to my academic performance.You not only helped me expand vocabulary but also directed me to improve my grammar.Most importantly,with your help,I have gained confidence in English and achieved results that I never thought possible.
I have benefited a lot.Once again,thank you,Mr.Smith,for being such an outstanding teacher and mentor.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.【参考范文】
There was a little tag on him,with a phone number. “Do we have to call ” I said.“Can’t we pretend we didn’t see the tag ” “Think how you would feel,” said Dad,“if it was your unicorn that was lost.” We called the number.Soon after that a little girl about my age came to the house with her dad.The girl—Sari,her name was—almost cried and she was so happy.
“I’ve had him since he was little,” Sari said.“We’ve never been apart.”Then she added,“But this morning something scared him,and he jumped over the fence.I guess he couldn’t find his way home.Thank you for finding him.I’m so happy!” Well,I wasn’t happy,even though Sari said I could visit him anytime I wanted.The next day Dad took me to a pet shop and we did buy a nice young unicorn.“That is for how honest you are and how much you like it,” said Dad. 选择性必修第四册　UNIT 5　LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共17.5分)
(2025·江西师大附中高三模拟)Gently trimming your hedge (修剪树篱) every 2 weeks will thicken it up and give it a beautiful look,but heavy trimmers,wires and stepladders make hedge trimming a job that some people hate.Gtech’s Cordless HT50 Hedge Trimmer makes it a pleasure.
Great Convenience
With 60 minutes of runtime,move freely around your garden without being bothered by wires and messy petrol.Running off a 18V motor,the HT50 Hedge Trimmer supplies the power directly when needed.The lightweight but super strong drive system is designed for quiet running.In addition,the precision laser cut blades (刀片) move through branches up to 25 mm thick,leaving a clean cut vital to promote a healthy hedge.
Long Reach
The HT50 Hedge Trimmer has an adjustable head so that you have full control over the cut of your hedge.The head adjusts downwards so you can cut the top of your hedge easily,and upwards so that you can cut thorny (多刺的) hedges without hurting your arms.Keep your hedges neat by cutting flat along the tops of hedges up to 10 feet tall using the 55 cm long blade.
Perfectly Balanced
Weighing only 2.94kg,the HT50 is well balanced,giving you a more enjoyable gardening experience.Get the HT50 Hedge Trimmer (￡224.98) for just ￡149.98 if you order before May 9th 2026,with a Branch Cutter attached free of charge.Call our 24-hour freephone information and sales lines or visit our website for more information.
1.What is a feature of the HT50 Hedge Trimmer
It needs no power support. It helps maintain weak leaves.
It has no time limit for a single run. It has no noise disturbance while working.
2.How much can be saved if you buy two sets of the tool before May 9th 2026
￡75. ￡149.98.
￡150. ￡299.96.
3.What is the main purpose of the text
To advertise. To introduce.
To inform. To analyse.
(2025·沧州高三模拟)When Sourabh Jain first became a father to his daughter,he struggled with bonding with her in the beginning.That’s when he realized that games and books are interactive and provide an opportunity to spend hours with her.Thus he began the hunt for games and toys that not only helped him bond with his daughter but also contributed to her cognitive (认知的) development.
During this search,he realized that not only are these toys and games hard to find,but they can also burn a hole in one’s pocket.Another realization was that there is always some amount of plastic in the toys and it is harmful to the environment and the little ones.
While he expected to give his daughter the world,he also wanted to leave behind a cleaner,greener,and more sustainable world for her.Today,he owns The EleFant—a toy rental company,or in Sourabh’s words,“a labor of love”.
Currently,the company has a customer base of more than 250 subscribers with over 2,000 downloads of the application per day.They also have collaborations with 70 toy companies where they source their toys.
Among these 250 subscribers is Rahul Bhauwala who rents toys for his 6-year-old son.“I am a working professional and I hardly get any time to go out and spend hours looking for and buying toys.I could use that precious time to play with my child instead.This is why I love using The EleFant app.They have a wide range of toys which are categorized by age group.The products are very well-packaged and my son loved opening them as it looked like a present to him,” he says.
As for the future,Sourabh says,“Our intention was not to make it an expensive and exclusive service (专属服务).Instead,we aimed to provide an opportunity for everyone to give their children everything in a sustainable manner.The value is kept in this way,emphasizing inclusivity and accessibility for all.”
4.What did Sourabh find when searching for toys for his daughter
Pockets often get damaged by toys. Eco-friendly toys are hard to find.
Toys could bond him with his daughter. Toys do good to cognitive development.
5.What aspect of The EleFant attracted Rahul Bhauwala most
Its convenience. Its delivery service.
Its popularity. Its cheap rental price.
6.What will Sourabh focus on
Producing more toys. Expanding his company.
Making his service more accessible. Donating toys to poor families.
7.Which words best describe Sourabh
Successful and humorous. Generous and modest.
Talented and creative. Responsible and business-minded.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·沧州高三模拟)Thinking about adopting a healthy lifestyle Congratulations! There are so many reasons for adopting a healthy lifestyle.Here are some tips to help you get started with your new habits.
Before you begin,ask yourself some questions,what are your reasons for thinking about a healthier lifestyle 　1　 Your why should reflect your values and what’s important to you.Knowing your specific why will help you to not just get started,but will help keep you focused and motivated as it guides your journey.
Focus on behaviors,not results.　2　 But switching your focus from outcomes to the new habits you’re creating and actions you’re taking is more beneficial.It’s actually some daily health-promoting behaviors that will create change and can lead to the health outcomes you desire.
　3　 Remember Rome wasn’t built in a day! And things like your eating habits,cooking skills,athletic abilities,and more won’t change overnight.This is also why you don’t need a long list telling you everything you need to stop doing.You just need to take the first step.
Remember it’s not all or nothing.A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing.　4　 So focus on eating foods and creating habits that make you feel good.
Can you do it forever One of the most important things to ask yourself when building healthy habits is,“Can you do it for life ” Sure,you could probably stick to a diet for a short period,but can you see yourself doing that forever 　5　
A.Start small and take steady steps.
B.Why is doing this important for you
C.Make a list of habits you want to build.
D.It’s okay to desire weight loss,or any other outcomes.
E.In a word,fasting is harmful and no one would like to do so.
F.If not,remember:temporary methods are equal to temporary results.
G.It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body.
1.　　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　
3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　
5.　　　　　　
选择性必修第四册　UNIT 5
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了一款修剪树篱的工具。
1.D　[细节理解题。根据Great Convenience部分中“The lightweight but super strong drive system is designed for quiet running.”可知,轻巧但超强的驱动系统是专为安静运行而设计的,即在工作时没有噪声干扰,故选D项。]
2.C　[数字计算题。根据最后一段“Weighing only 2.94kg...with a Branch Cutter attached free of charge.”可知,原价是￡224.98,2026年5月9日之前购买是￡149.98,可算出每套省￡75,两套省￡150,故选C项。]
3.A　[写作意图题。通读全文,尤其是由文章第一段可知,文章介绍了一款修剪树篱的工具,尤其侧重交代其优于传统工具的特性,最后一段重在让消费者了解其正在促销。故文章旨在为这款工具做广告,故选A项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sourabh在为女儿寻找玩具的过程中,自己创办玩具租赁公司,为父母们提供方便的故事。
4.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段“During this search...the environment and the little ones.”可知,Sourabh在为女儿寻找玩具时发现环保玩具很难找到,故选B项。]
5.A　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I could use that precious time...The EleFant app.”可知,使用The EleFant app可以帮助他节约时间,即是便利最吸引他,故选A项。]
6.C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,Sourabh的目标是让每个人都有机会以可持续的方式给他们的孩子一切,强调对所有人的包容性和可达性,故选C项。]
7.D　[推理判断题。根据第三段“While he expected...and more sustainable world for her.”可知,Sourabh希望给自己的女儿一个可持续的、环保的、更干净清洁的世界,说明他是有责任感的;根据第四段可知,他在为女儿找玩具的过程中发现商机,进而创办玩具租赁公司,说明他是有商业头脑的,故选D项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了养成健康的生活方式需要注意的一些事项。
1.B　[根据前文“Before you begin...a healthier lifestyle ”可知,本段首句建议人们要问自己一些问题。因此B选项“Why is doing this important for you (为什么做这件事对你很重要 )”可以和前句并列,都是相关方面的问题,符合语境,故选B项。]
2.D　[根据本段首句以及后文“But switching your focus...more beneficial.”可知,本段主题句建议人们要关注行为而不是结果,同时后文以but开头,故设空处与后文构成转折关系。D选项强调渴望减肥或者其他结果是可以的,后文与本句构成转折关系,强调要把结果转移到正在养成的新习惯或者正在采取的行动上,则更有益,同时此处outcomes与上句中results为同义词,该选项符合语境,故选D项。]
3.A　[本句位于段首,是段落的主题句。根据后文的内容“Remember Rome...change overnight.”可知,此处强调罗马不是一天建成的,习惯要慢慢改变。A选项“Start small and take steady steps.(从小处开始,循序渐进。)”概括本段主要内容,符合语境,故选A项。]
4.G　[根据前文“A healthy lifestyle is never all or nothing.”推知,空处应陈述真正的健康生活是怎样的。G选项“It’s about creating a healthy relationship with food and your body.(这是关于在食物和你的身体之间建立健康的关系。)”承接前文,指出健康的生活方式是什么,故选G项。]
5.F　[根据前文“Can you do...yourself doing that forever ”可知,此处强调人们在养成健康的生活方式时要问问自己这样做是否能够坚持一辈子。F选项“If not,remember:temporary methods are equal to temporary results.(如果没有,请记住:临时方法产生临时结果。)”承接前文,故选F项。]
必修第一册　UNIT 4
Ⅰ.【参考范文】
Dear Curie,
I’m writing to share some exciting news with you.Our class has planned a research activity on a farm during the upcoming summer vacation.The activity spans over three days,during which we will engage in hands-on agricultural work,learn about sustainable farming practices,and explore the biodiversity of the rural environment.
The primary purpose of this activity is to enhance our understanding of where our food comes from,cultivate our teamwork skills,and foster a deeper appreciation for nature and the environment.
It would be wonderful if you could join us for this meaningful experience.We believe your participation would make the activity even more enjoyable.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.【参考范文】
That’s when another young mother approached.Her son sat quietly in her cart,and she held a cup of coffee in one hand.I looked up as she said,“Would you like me to buy you a coffee ” Although I politely declined her offer,she still went to buy me a cup of coffee.We had coffee together and as new mothers,we talked a lot about our children.She suggested that I let my daughter cry for a while until she stopped crying,and it turned out to be effective.
My daughter finally got tired of crying after a while.I placed her into the cart and promised to get her snacks first.Saying goodbye to the young mother,I went to the grocery store with my daughter.I bought the snacks for her.It was as if my daughter forgot what had happened when she saw the snacks.Then we went to choose a dress for her.Anyway,our shopping outing came to a successful end,and I was also very grateful to the young mother for her help.

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