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选择性必修第一册UNIT 1　Food matters
分值:40分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
(2025·深圳高三模拟)
Four London hotspots for coffee fans
Although London is known for its tea drinking habits,we can't deny that Londoners are also enthusiastic coffee fans.We've rounded up our top 4 favourite coffee hotspots in the city.
Kapihan
Kapihan brings together the unique flavours of South East Asia in their new Battersea location.Both a coffee house and bakery,their selected single-origin coffee roasts are bound to give you a coffee experience like no other.
Friendly staff and a contemporary interior make this one of the best coffee spots to visit in South West London.
Antipode
Bringing the charm of Australian coffee to London—this café by day and bar by night concept suits every occasion.They boast some of the newest and most innovative coffee making techniques to ensure each cup they serve you is made to perfection.
We recommend the Japanese filter coffee accompanied by the mature cheese toastie.
Kiss the Hippo
Kiss the Hippo are certified professionals at making a good cup of Richmond coffee.They bring together elements of the quality of their coffee,and serving it in a beautiful space;to give you the most memorable experience.
In-house roasting is what makes their coffee-making process stand out.Their improved approach ensures that each cup holds perfectly brewed coffee for you to enjoy.
Jolt
Jolt,now open in Fitzrovia,aims to give you the most theatrical coffee experience.Their unique single-origin beans create everything from fresh cold brews,smooth,delicate lattes,and flat whites.Give them a visit to try their signature “Spanish Lattes”.
Enjoy their fresh coffee and watch their famous black glove-wearing baristas (咖啡师) work their magic.
1.What make Kapihan one of the most recommended coffee spots to visit
Its location and flavor. Its coffee roaster and origin.
Its service and room design. Its barista and magic.
2.Which spot suits the fans of the Japanese filter coffee
Kapihan. Antipode.
Kiss the Hippo. Jolt.
3.What can customers do when drinking coffee in Jolt
Enjoy a movie. Obtain a signature.
Watch a magic show. Witness the coffee-making.
(2025·太原高三模拟一)Pick up any packaged processed food,and there's a decent chance that one of its listed ingredients will be the “natural flavor”.The ingredient sounds good,particularly in contrast to “artificial flavors”.But what exactly does the natural flavor mean It refers to extracts (提取物) got from natural sources like plants,meat or seafood.When consumers see the “natural flavor” on a label,they are unlikely to assume that someone is squeezing the juice from oranges into their bottles.They know even though natural flavors must come from natural sources,it needn't all come from the plant or meat.For example,orange flavors might contain not only orange extracts,but also extracts from bark and grass.Nor is the common belief true that ingredients extracted from nature are necessarily safer than something artificially made.
So if flavors like orange are needed,why not just use oranges The answer comes down to “availability,cost and sustainability”,according to flavor chemist Gary Reineccius of the University of Minnesota.“If you're going to use all your grapes on grape soda,” Reineccius says,“you don't have any grapes for wine making;the products are going to be exorbitant;besides,what do you do with the by-products you create after you've squeezed all the juice out of the grapes ”
Actually,while chemists make natural flavors by extracting chemicals from natural ingredients,artificial flavors are made by creating the same chemicals artificially.The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple:marketing.“Many of these products have health titles,” says Platkin,professor from Hunter College.“Consumers may be talked to believe products with natural flavors are healthier,though they're nutritionally no different from those with artificial flavors.Natural flavors may involve more forest clear-cutting and carbon emissions from transport than flavors created in the lab.”
Platkin suggests getting more transparent labeling on packaging that describes exactly what the natural or artificial flavors are,so consumers are not misled into buying one product over another because of “natural flavors”.Reineccius also offers some simple guidance:“Don't buy anything because it says ‘natural flavors’.Buy it because you like it.”
4.Which is a misunderstanding about the “natural flavor” juice according to Paragraph 1
It comes from 100% original fruit.
It is nothing but advertising tricks.
It certainly contains extracts made in the lab.
It is absolutely safer than juice with artificial flavors.
5.What does the underlined word “exorbitant” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
Popular. Expensive.
Durable. Innovative.
6.Why do companies use natural flavors in their products
To cut the costs. To promote the sales.
To advocate a healthy diet. To avoid food safety issues.
7.What can we conclude from the text
Gary and Platkin hold opposite perspectives.
Natural flavors are more environmentally friendly.
Customers are misled for ignoring labels on packaging.
Natural and artificial flavors are more alike than you think.
(2025·杭州外国语学校高三模拟)This Christmas,Renate Bello,56,will spend the holiday taking care of her neighbor's dogs in Easthampton,Mass.It's the same way she spent Thanksgiving.Without any family or close friends nearby,holidays can be an especially lonely time,she said.For her,pet sitting is a joy,and one way that she copes with solitude.
“I know a number of people,” she said.“But they are not necessarily people I would call up to say,‘Let's go hang out.” Ms.Bello owns a medical billing business that often requires long hours at home,which contributes to her isolation.“I don't have any life,and I need to find that balance”,she said.But taking friendships to the next level can be difficult,Ms.Bello added.Sometimes,she admitted,she feels “inadequate”—like an outsider.
It's concerning,then,that more than half of Americans say they are lonely,according to a 2021 poll.“We all feel lonely at times just like we all feel hunger or thirst,” Dr.Murthy,a psychologist from NYU,said.“There is no reason to be ashamed of being human.” Even those who have plenty of friends can experience loneliness.
Building relationships takes time.Try not to expect too much initially.“Often it takes a series of encounters,” said Charles T.Hill,a professor of social psychology at Whittier College.As you get to know people,ask yourself:Who can I connect with at a deep level Who will be there for me More often than not,we tend to connect with those who share commonalities with us.“If you're a bookworm,don't expect your next best buddy at the bar,” said Louise Hawkley,a research scientist who studies loneliness at NORC,a social research organization at the University of Chicago.
Volunteering is also a way to broaden our social networks that can feel less anxiety provoking than,say,showing up at a party.In a study of 10,000 volunteers in Britain,about two thirds agreed that volunteering had helped them feel less isolated.
“Lonely people have more control over the situation than they think they do,” Dr.Hawkley said.
8.What do we know about Ms.Bello
She is a successful and independent entrepreneur.
She always puts her job before her family and friends.
She longs to build deeper connections with people.
She prefers dogs to humans on holiday occasions.
9.Which statement might Dr.Murthy agree on
Lonely people are more likely to feel starved.
Loneliness is a universal human experience.
Feeling embarrassed of loneliness is unavoidable.
Denying loneliness contributes to better self-esteem.
10.To improve the quality of social connections,one is encouraged to do the following EXCEPT 　　　　.
lowering their expectation and being patient
going to parties as often as possible
socializing with people who share common interests
offering support to someone else
11.What can be a suitable title for the text
How to kill solitude for good
Loneliness:not the end of the world
A friend in need is a friend indeed
To socialize or not to socialize—that is a question
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·长沙一中高三模拟)
The Importance of Being Independent
The ability to be independent is something not everyone possesses.　1　 And learning to support yourself is fundamental for any success you ever hope to achieve.At the end of the day,you only have yourself to fall back on,so it's very important to be able to handle things on your own.
People rely on others far more than it is necessary.People put their happiness in the hands of a significant person,thinking this will bring them satisfaction.　2　
Should you always be dependent on someone else Of course not.　3　 Therefore,you need to learn how to make decisions on your own.People are unable to be independent for a variety of reasons,with fear being the biggest:the fear of being alone,the fear of rejection and the fear of the future.
However,there is no reason to base your life decisions on relationships with people.All relationships end at some point or another.　4　 The only thing you can do is alter your understanding of relationships.Instead of expecting them to make you happy by being in your life and providing enjoyment,appreciate the time spent and enjoyment since you know it will be gone.
　5　 Don't ask for advice,do what you want and learn from your own mistakes.Many people are afraid to think for themselves because that involves taking responsibility for their own lives.This is just one way people become dependent.We are born alone and we die alone,so we each have to take responsibility for our lives at every step along the way.
A.There is nothing you can do to change or affect that.
B.This is a serious error too many people make these days.
C.Make decisions by and for yourself,whatever they may be.
D.You can control your own life by making your own choices.
E.However,you need to be independent in order to survive in the world.
F.In any moment of decision,the best thing you can do is wait for the right time.
G.Not only are you limiting yourself,you are also likely to become a burden to this person.
A Para.1:enthusiastic adj.热情的;hotspot n.热点;Para.2:location n.位置; Para.3:contemporary adj.当代的;Para.4:charm n.魅力;Para.7:process n.过程
B Para.1:decent adj.相当不错的;ingredient n.成分,原料;flavor n.调料;assume v.假定,认为; extract v.提取,提炼n.提取物;Para.3:marketing n.营销;销售;Para.4:transparent adj.透明的,清澈的;显而易见的;第6题C选项:advocate v.拥护,支持,提倡
A Para.7:roast　熟义:n.烘焙;生义:v.烘焙
A Para.1:round up汇集;Para.4:suit every occasion适合每一个场合;Para.6:bring together汇集
B Para.1:in contrast to和……相比;Para.2:come down to可归结为,可归纳为
长 难 句 式 A Para.7:Their improved approach ensures that each cup holds perfectly brewed coffee for you to enjoy. [分析]　这是一个复合句。that引导从句作动词ensure的宾语;过去分词improved和brewed作定语,分别修饰approach和coffee。 [译文]　他们改进的方法确保每一杯都盛上完美酿造的咖啡供您享用。
B Para.3:The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple:marketing. [分析]　这是一个复杂句。why引导定语从句,修饰先行词reason。 [译文]　公司之所以费心使用天然香精而不是人造香精的原因很简单:市场营销。
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦咖啡爱好者的四大热门咖啡店。
1.C　[细节理解题。根据Kapihan中“Friendly staff....in South West London.”可知,Kapihan的服务和房间设计使其成为最值得推荐的咖啡店之一,故选C项。]
2.B　[细节理解题。根据Antipode中“We recommend...the mature cheese toastie.”可知,Antipode这个地方适合日式过滤咖啡的爱好者,故选B项。]
3.D　[细节理解题。根据Jolt中“Enjoy their fresh coffee...work their magic.”可知,消费者在Jolt中喝咖啡时可以见证咖啡的制作,故选D项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章主要论述了人们在购物的时候往往会选择天然香精而不是人造香精,认为天然香精一定比人造香精要好。可是专家建议消费者不要被天然香精所误导,要去买个人喜欢的。
4.D　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pick up any packaged processed food...The ingredient sounds good,particularly in contrast to ‘artificial flavors’.”可知,消费者在看食物成分表的时候,看到含有天然香精字样时会认为食品好,尤其是和人造香精对比。再根据第一段的最后一句可知,大家认为天然香精一定比人造香精要安全,这不是真的,故选D项。]
5.B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在段中的“The answer comes down to ‘availability,cost and sustainability’”可知,原因分为三个部分。本段中的“you don't have any grapes for wine making;”对应的是“availability”;“the products are going to be exorbitant;”对应的是“cost”;“what do you do with the by-products...the grapes ”对应的是“sustainability”。只有B项可以说明成本,故选B项。]
6.B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The reason why companies bother to use natural flavors rather than artificial flavors is simple:marketing.”可知,公司使用天然香精是为了营销,故选B项。]
7.D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Consumers may be talked to believe products...with artificial flavors.”可知,消费者相信有天然香精的产品会更健康,尽管从营养上来讲,这些产品和用人造香精的产品没有什么差别,故选D项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们都会感到孤独的现状,指出研究者认为孤独是人类常态,并提供了解决孤独的办法。
8.C　[细节理解题。题干的问题是“我们对贝洛女士了解些什么 ”;根据第一段内容可知,她感到孤独;再根据第二段内容可知,Ms Bello渴望化解这样的孤独,与人建立更深层的联系,故选C项。]
9.B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We all feel lonely...friends can experience loneliness.”可知,Murthy博士认为大家都会感到孤独,这是很正常的事情。由此可推知,他可能会同意“孤独是一种普遍的人类体验”这一观点,故选B项。]
10.B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Building relationships...those who share commonalities with us.”以及第五段中的“Volunteering is also a way...showing up at a party.”可知,作者的建议包括尽量不要期望太高且保持耐心,与那些与我们有共同点的人建立联系,以及通过志愿工作来帮助他人,但不包括“尽可能多地参加聚会”,故选B项。]
11.B　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了人们都会感到孤独的现状,并指出研究者认为孤独是人类常态,还提供了解决孤独的办法。由此可知,文章的中心是孤独并不可怕,有很多在我们能力范围内可以解决的办法。B选项“孤独:不是世界末日”最适合作文章标题,故选B项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章主要围绕着“独立”的重要性论述了其对于个人成长和成功的重要性。
1.E　[根据空前“The ability to be independent is something not everyone possesses.”可知,不是每个人都具备独立的能力;再根据空后“And learning...you ever hope to achieve.”可知,独立是成功的基础。选项E“However,you need to be independent in order to survive in the world.(然而,为了在这个世界上生存,你需要独立。)”承上启下,与上文存在转折关系,指的是虽然不是每个人都具备独立的能力,但是我们必须要独立才能生存,同时引出下文,指出我们应该学会独立,故选E项。]
2.B　[根据空前“People rely...bring them satisfaction.”可知,人们总是过度依赖别人;而根据下文“Should you always be dependent on someone else Of course not.”可判断,总是依赖他人是不对的。选项B“This is a serious error too many people make these days.(这是现在很多人都犯的一个严重错误。)”是对上文内容的总结,指出人们总是过度依赖他人的行为是错误的,故选B项。]
3.G　[根据空前“Should you always be dependent on someone else Of course not.”可知,我们不应该总是依赖别人。选项G“Not only are you limiting yourself,you are also likely to become a burden to this person.(你不仅限制了自己,还可能成为对方的负担。)”是上文内容的自然延续,指的是如果我们总是依赖别人,我们不但限制了自己还可能成为对方的负担,故选G项。]
4.A　[根据空前“However...some point or another.”可知,所有的关系都有结束的时候;而根据下文“The only thing...relationships.”可知,我们唯一能做的就是改变对人际关系的理解。选项A“There is nothing you can do to change or affect that.(你无法改变或影响这一点。)”承上启下,承接上文说明我们无法改变这一点,并引出下文说明我们只有改变自己对人际关系的理解,故选A项。]
5.C　[空处为段首句,为本段主要内容。根据下文“Don't ask for advice...at every step along the way.”可知,在本段中,作者建议我们做自己想做的,为自己的每一步负责。选项C“Make decisions by and for yourself,whatever they may be.(自己做决定并且为自己而做,不管决定是什么。)”与本段内容相符,指出对于自己的人生,我们应该独立做出遵从自己内心的决定,故选C项。]选择性必修第一册　UNIT 2　The universal language
分值:50分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2025·长郡中学高三模拟)There are many potential sources of clean energy out there:solar energy,wind energy,hydrogen-based energy,and more.One of the less-known sources of clean energy is wave energy.Now the energy is being put to use in an almost funny way,turning seawater into drinking water by Oneka,a Canadian startup.
In general,there are two traditional kinds of desalination (脱盐) technology.In the first technology,seawater is heated till the water changes into steam,leaving the salt behind,and then the steam is cooled,turning into water,and made available for use.In the second one,seawater is pushed through a see-through thin material,separating the salt and the water,which consumes relatively less fuel compared with the first technology.Whichever technology is used,however,most desalination plants run on non-renewable energy.
Desalination equipment is traditionally powered by fossil fuels,but the world has certainly reached a vital point where it's necessary to move away from fossil fuel-powered desalination.This is where Oneka's unique desalination technology comes in.Oneka uses floating desalination machines,attached to a kind of floating device which then absorbs energy from the ocean waves,and changes it into mechanical forces,to pump the water through the see-through thin material system.The fresh water is then pumped to land,through the power of the waves.
The waste from conventional desalination plants contains high concentrations of salt which is discharged into the sea,creating a zone where sea life dies off.Oneka's technology steers clear of this,because the water that streams back into the ocean only has a 30 percent increase in the salt concentration,and is quickly spread by the waves.
This innovative technology shows us that sometimes the solutions to complicated problems don't have to be complicated at all.Sometimes all you need are the ocean waves.
1.Which can best describe the first technology in paragraph 2
It is labor-intensive. It is energy-hungry.
It separates salt via cooling. It outperforms the second one.
2.What can we learn about Oneka's technology
It's slightly complicated. It leaves little salt behind.
It reshapes fresh water storage. It's mechanically driven.
3.What does the underlined phrase “steers clear of” in paragraph 4 probably mean
Relieves. Facilitates.
Envelops. Achieves.
4.Which can be a suitable title for the text
Eco-driven Desalination Machines Ocean Waves:The New Energy Solution
Wave-powered Green Desalination Desalination:The Future of Fresh Water
(2025·杭州高三质量检测)Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole.Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea.And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales,such as sperm whales,have one hole,baleen (鲸须) whales,such as humpback and Rice's whales,have two.
Even among the baleen whales,the place of those nostrils differs.In some species they are close together.In others,they are much further apart.In a paper published in Biology Letters,Conor Ryan,a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science,suggests why that might be.Having two nostrils,he argues,helps whales smell in stereo (立体声).
Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物),which they catch by filtering (过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths.But to eat something,you first have to find it.Toothed whales do not hunt by scent.In fact,the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures.But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs,which suggests smell remains important.And scent can indeed give zooplankton away.Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物).When these are under attack,they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphone,which in turn attracts baleen whales.
Most animals have stereoscopic senses.Having two eyes,for instance,allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth.Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming.Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.
The further apart the sensory organs are,the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them.The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species.Sure enough,baleen whales that often eat zooplankton,such as the North Atlantic right whale,have nostrils that are further apart than those,such as humpback whales,that eat zooplankton occasionally.Besides allowing them to breathe,it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.
5.What do we know about whales' blowholes according to the first two paragraphs
They are adapted ones. They are developed merely for smell.
They are not easy to detect. They are fixed universally in numbers.
6.What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton
The teeth that baleen whales have.
The smell that phytoplankton send.
The sound waves that zooplankton create.
The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
7.How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4
By quoting a theory. By using examples.
By making contrast. By making inferences.
8.What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph
The sense of smell. The possibility to attract food.
The ability to locate food. The ability to communicate.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2025·郑州高三模拟)Greenstein Prescott was a high school senior.Her English teacher,Fred DiMeo,gave her an assignment:　1　 a poem in front of the whole class.
Greenstein had a mild stutter (口吃).The 　2　 of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem was too much to 　3　.Greenstein went home and 　4　 how scared she was.Her mom agreed to write a note asking for her to be 　5　 from doing the assignment.
When the day finally came,Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo.Once she was 　6　,DiMeo said something Greenstein'd never heard before:He liked listening to her 　7　.For the first time,Greenstein considered the possibility that public speaking didn't have to be a 　8　 of fear.“I think it was so 　9　 in his mind and I should have nothing to be 　10　 of,” Greenstein said.
Greenstein went on to graduate from high school and go to college.She never got to 　11　 thank DiMeo.But after college,she landed a job as a corporate trainer.The new 　12　 made her realize how big an impact DiMeo had had on her 　13　.
“He truly is an unsung 　14　 because he played a big role in my successful career.I don't know where I would have been if I was fearful of 　15　 myself.I'd like to give him my thanks for that kindness,” Greenstein said.
1.Create Recite
Assess Repeat
2.chance memory
trouble thought
3.bear control
forget ignore
4.confirmed imagined
revealed recorded
5.prohibited questioned
excused discouraged
6.tired done
stressed hesitant
7.story voice
opinion explanation
8.feature source
treatment signal
9.minor funny
flexible necessary
10.guilty proud
mindful afraid
11.generously secretly
properly regularly
12.position challenge
connection opportunity
13.family reputation
confidence patience
14.hero citizen
fighter volunteer
15.forgiving punishing
limiting embarrassing
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·东北师大附中高三模拟)Over 400 pieces of Dehua white porcelain (德化白瓷) are on display in the National Museum of China in Beijing,with the exhibition 1.　　　　　　　　　 (run) from Aug 26 for three months.
Dehua white porcelain is famous for its pure white color.According to Chen Chao,an artist dedicated to porcelain research,Dehua porcelain is 2. 　 (extraordinary) pure and
white because the kaolin (高岭土) in Dehua county in Fujian has a low percentage of iron,making 3.　　　　　　　　　 porcelain stainless like white jade.
Sitting in Quanzhou city,4.　　　　　　　　　 the ancient Maritime Silk Road started,Dehua white porcelain 5.　　　　　　　　　 (sell) like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty.In 2006,Dehua white porcelain 6.　　　　　　　　　 (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage.
Despite the past glories,Dehua craftsmen never stop 7.　　　　　　　　　 (improve) their skills.One 8.　　　　　　　　　 (impress) skill is “the eggshell technique”.9. 　
the technique improved by generations of craftsmen,today's eggshell porcelain can be made as thin as paper.
“By combining traditional Chinese artistic skills with modern 10.　　　　　　　　　 (discipline) like material science and humanities,Dehua white porcelain will continue to enhance the cultural confidence of the Chinese people as they create even more outstanding works,” said Chen.
A Para.1:potential adj.潜在的;Para.2:fuel n.燃料;Para.3:equipment n.设备; Para.5:innovative adj.创新的;complicated adj.复杂的
B Para.3:release v.释放,放出;Para.4:perceive v.注意到,意识到,察觉到; Para.5:extract v.设法得到(对方不愿提供的信息、回答等);提取
A Para.2:run　熟义:v.跑;生义:v.运行;Para.3:pump　熟义:n.泵;生义:v.抽水
B Para.5:photograph　熟义:n.照片;生义:vt.拍摄
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:turn into变成;Para.2:in general通常;push through推动;Para.3:attach...to把……附在; Para.5:solutions to……的解决方案
B Para.1:breathe through通过……呼吸;Para.2:close together紧密在一起; Para.3:remain important仍然重要;Para.5:belong to属于
长 难 句 式 A Para.4:The waste from conventional desalination plants contains high concentrations of salt which is discharged into the sea,creating a zone where sea life dies off. [分析]　这是一个复合句。关系代词which引导定语从句,修饰先行词salt;关系副词where引导定语从句,修饰先行词zone;现在分词短语creating a zone where sea life dies off作结果状语。 [译文]　传统脱盐厂的废物含有高浓度的盐,这些盐被排放到海中,形成一个海洋生物死亡的区域。
B Para.3:Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton(浮游动物),which they catch by filtering(过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths. [分析]　which引导定语从句,修饰先行词zooplankton;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the sheets of fibrous baleen。 [译文]　许多类型的须鲸以被称为浮游动物的微小动物为食,它们用纤维状的鲸须片从海水中过滤浮游动物,这些鲸须片已经取代了它们嘴里的牙齿。
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 2
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大创业公司Oneka利用海浪能源进行海水淡化的技术。
1.B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the first technology...and made available for use.”可知,第一种技术需要先加热海盐再将水蒸汽冷却,这个过程会消耗大量的能源,故选B项。]
2.D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Oneka uses floating desalination machines...through the see-through thin material system.”可知 Oneka的技术靠“机械驱动”,故选 D项。]
3.A　[词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“The waste...where sea life dies off.”和“because the water...and is quickly spread by the waves.”可知,Oneka的技术降低了排水中的盐浓度,并且可以借助海浪很快将其扩散,缓解了盐浓度太高导致海洋生物死亡的这个问题,故画线词的意思是“缓解”,故选A项。]
4.C　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容,特别是第三段“This is where Oneka's unique desalination technology... the see-through thin material system.”可知,文章主要讲述了Oneka利用海浪能源进行海水淡化的技术,故选C项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了鲸鱼鼻孔的数目、分布位置以及鼻孔在捕食中发挥的作用等。
5.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔)...that spends its life at sea.”可知,鲸鱼的呼吸孔其实是鼻孔,它通过略微进化变成一种对在海上生活的哺乳动物更有用的形态。由此可知,鲸鱼的呼吸孔是进化而来的,故选A项。]
6.B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句和“Zooplankton like to eat...which in turn attracts baleen whales.”可知,须鲸捕食浮游动物,而浮游动物喜欢吃叫作浮游植物的微小生物。当浮游植物受到攻击时,它们会释放一种叫作二甲硫的特殊气体,从而吸引须鲸。由此可知,浮游植物释放的气体吸引须鲸捕食浮游动物,故选B项。]
7.B　[写作手法题。根据第四段中的“for instance”可知,本段是通过举例来说明“stereoscopic senses”的,故选B项。]
8.C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“baleen whales that often eat zooplankton...in which direction dinner lies”可知,经常吃浮游动物的须鲸的鼻孔比偶尔吃浮游动物的鲸鱼的鼻孔间隔更远,一些鲸鱼似乎还用它们的呼吸孔来确定晚餐的方位。由此可知,鼻孔的位置与找到食物的能力相关,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Greenstein Prescott有轻度口吃,害怕在公众场合表现,在一次任务中,老师Fred DiMeo称赞她的声音,给了Greenstein Prescott自信,最后获得了事业的成功。
1.B　[create创造;recite朗诵;assess评估;repeat重复。根据第三段“Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo”可知,DiMeo老师给Greenstein布置了朗诵诗歌的任务,故选B项。]
2.D　[chance机会;memory记忆力;trouble麻烦;thought想法。根据“Greenstein had a mild stutter(口吃).”及“of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem”可知,这里表示Greenstein对于这件事情的想法,故选D项。]
3.A　[bear忍受;control控制;forget忘记;ignore忽视。根据“stuttering through the poem”可知,一想到在同学面前会口吃,Greenstein就无法忍受,故选A项。]
4.C　[confirm证实;imagine想象;reveal揭示,透露;record记录。根据“Greenstein went home and 　　　　how scared she was.”可知,回家应该是和妈妈透露自己有多害怕,故选C项。]
5.C　[prohibit禁止;question询问;excuse同意免除;discourage使……泄气。根据“Her mom agreed to write a note asking for her”及“from doing the assignment”可知,此处表示妈妈看到Greenstein十分害怕,就同意写便条请求同意孩子免除这个任务,be excused from doing意思为:同意免除做某事,故选C项。]
6.B　[tired劳累的;done结束的;stressed有压力的;hesitant犹豫的。根据前文“Greenstein recited the poem one-on-one to DiMeo”可知,老师要求Greenstein一对一朗诵给老师听,结合“DiMeo said something Greenstein'd never heard before”可知,这是老师在Greenstein朗诵完成之后说的,故选B项。]
7.B　[story故事;voice声音;opinion观点;explanation解释。根据“He liked listening to her”可知,上文提及Greenstein有些结巴,所以此处是老师鼓励她,说喜欢她的声音,故选B项。]
8.B　[feature特点;source来源;treatment治疗,对待;signal信号。根据上文“Greenstein went home and 　　　　how scared she was.”可知,得知老师让自己在公开场合朗诵诗歌,Greenstein一开始很害怕,但此处老师的话语让她意识到,公开演讲不一定是恐惧的来源,故选B项。]
9.A　[minor轻微的;funny滑稽的;flexible灵活的;necessary必要的。根据上文“He liked listening to her 　　　　.”可知,老师喜欢Greenstein的声音,而忽略了她的口吃,所以她觉得这件事在老师的心里是十分轻微的缺点,故选A项。]
10.D　[guilty愧疚的;proud骄傲的;mindful留意的;afraid害怕的。根据上文“that public speaking didn't have to be a 　　　　of fear.”可知,Greenstein在此处意识到,害怕也是没有必要的,故选D项。]
11.C　[generously慷慨地;secretly秘密地;properly合适地,真正地;regularly规律地。根据“Greenstein went on to graduate from high school and go to college.”可知,Greenstein之后就毕业升学了,并没有真正地感谢过老师DiMeo,故选C项。]
12.A　[position位置,职位;challenge挑战;connection联系;opportunity机会。根据“she landed a job as a corporate trainer”可知,Greenstein找到了工作,这个工作的职位让她想起了老师DiMeo,故选A项。]
13.C　[family家庭;reputation名声;confidence信心;patience耐心。根据上文“I think it was so 　　　　in his mind and I should have nothing to be 　　　　of”可知,老师DiMeo的话语缓解了Greenstein对口吃的自卑心理,对她的信心产生了积极影响,故选C项。]
14.A　[hero英雄;citizen居民;fighter战士;volunteer志愿者。根据“because he played a big role in my successful career”可知,老师DiMeo在Greenstein眼里是一位英雄,故选A项。]
15.D　[forgive原谅;punish惩罚;limit限制;embarrass使尴尬。根据上文可知,如果没有老师的话语,Greenstein仍然会害怕自己陷入尴尬,故选D项。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了德化白瓷的特点和发展历史。
1.running　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处为with复合结构,其中的动词应为非谓语形式,the exhibition和run为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以为现在分词形式,故填running。]
2.extraordinarily　[考查词性转换。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词作状语修饰形容词pure,故填extraordinarily。]
3.the　[考查冠词。根据句意以及空后porcelain为名词可知,此处为特指上文提到的“德化白瓷”,故填the。]
4.where　[考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处为关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词Quanzhou city在从句中作地点状语成分,故填where。]
5.has sold/has been selling　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,根据该句since可知,时态为现在完成时,也可为现在完成进行时,结合主语Dehua white porcelain为单数意义名词,所以动词用第三人称单数形式,故填has sold/has been selling。]
6.was listed　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,主语Dehua white porcelain为单数意义名词且和动词list为被动关系,结合时间状语In 2006可知,此处为一般过去时的被动语态结构,故填was listed。]
7.improving　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语stop doing sth“停止做某事”,所以此处为非谓语形式,故填improving。]
8.impressive　[考查词性转换。由空后skill为名词可知,此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词,满足句意要求,故填impressive。]
9.With　[考查介词。分析句子可知,此处为with复合结构,表示“随着,伴随着”,满足句意要求,且句首首字母大写,故填With。]
10.disciplines　[考查名词的数。根据句意以及空后“material science and humanities”提到两种原则可知,此处为名词复数形式,故填disciplines。]选择性必修第一册　UNIT 3　The art of painting
分值:40分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
(2025·东北三省四城市高三联考)
Green Line Performing Arts Center
329 E Garfield Blvd,Chicago,IL 60637
Upcoming Programs Include:
First Monday Jazz Series:Crosswind
Monday Feb 5|onwards 7-9 pm
First Monday Jazz is a free monthly event showcasing local Chicago jazz artists.
GreenLight Series:South Side Story Time
Sunday Feb 18|10-11 am
Bring your kids to listen,learn,sing,dance,and interact! South Side Story Time is a small gathering that centres on readings for its young attendees along with the chance for their parents to socialize.Open to families with children of all ages.
Sistergirls and Freedom Fighters:Stories in Celebration of Women's Power and Grace
Wednesday Feb 21|7-8:30 pm
Join us for an evening of storytelling featuring the dynamic singing,In the Spirit by Emily Hooper Lansana.This performance will highlight a range of stories that demonstrate women's creative and political genius from folk heroines to Nobel Peace Prize winners.
Family Saturdays:Make Art Together
Every Saturday of the Month|3-5 pm
Explore your child's artistic curiosity with hands-on art workshops designed to stimulate creativity and play.These interdisciplinary workshops are exciting for the entire family,offering activities from music to arts and e to learn something new!Appropriate for families with children.Registration is encouraged.
Follow Arts+ Public Life on social media sites for more event details and a full list of all upcoming performances.
1.When can people enjoy jazz
At 8 pm every first Monday. At 4 pm every Saturday.
At 7 pm on Wednesdays. At 9 pm on Mondays.
2.What do we know about Sistergirls and Freedom Fighters
It lasts two hours. It is organized by Emily.
It is a prize-winning performance. It celebrates women's achievements.
3.What do GreenLight Series and Family Saturdays have in common
The forms of arts. Target participants.
The duration of activities. Registration requirements.
(2025·济宁高三模拟)Over the past few months,I've been invited to speak with well-known writers,musicians and film producers regarding my recent book,Extraterrestrial.Prior to these conversations,I was on the receiving (and admiring) end of their artistic work,but now they were curious about my own research as a scientist.The reverse led me to recognize the similarities between innovation in the arts and the sciences.
In sciences and arts alike,creativity appears magically as an unpredictable fountain of inspiration from the subconscious (潜意识).Its unexpected content breaks routines within traditional thinking.It delivers something new that is distinct from common practices,often taking people out of their comfort zone because it is ahead of its time.As a result,many innovators are laughed at and denied the recognition they deserve when they need it the most.
There are many examples of such circumstances.In 1933 Fritz Zwicky inferred the existence of “dark matter”,but it took four decades for this concept to gain recognition within the astronomy community.Vincent van Gogh was considered a madman and a failure throughout his life.Today,his paintings are among the most expensive ever sold,though.
Typically,life offers two ways of acquiring objects.One is by collecting available items,and the other is by creating things that never existed before.Whereas most items on the shelves of supermarkets are mass-produced,products that are newly created by artists or scientists are originally unique.Just like aging wine,a product of creative work acquires quality over time.It is colored by the response of the audience as well as by imitations.The initial circumstances are a reminder of an admirable baby.It is fascinating for a scientist or an artist to watch the interaction of their creation with the world,just as it is for parents to watch their children.
Creativity in arts and sciences establishes a backdrop for human existence,as the content it invents gives pleasure and meaning to our lives.The human act of creation is an infinite-sum game,from which all of us benefit.And we can all participate in the creative process.
4.Which can best replace the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 1
Priority. Assumption.
Shift. Preference.
5.What can best describe creativity in sciences and arts
It tends to be forecastable. It mirrors common beliefs.
It usually leads the times. It enjoys instant acceptance.
6.What can be inferred from paragraph 4
Creative works withstand the test of time. Mass-produced items are preferable.
Old wine can't be put into new bottles. Inventiveness starts from childhood.
7.What's the purpose of the last paragraph
To clarify a concept. To launch an appeal.
To offer an entertainment. To advocate a lifestyle.
(2025·杭州高三质量检测)Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s.Until about 2035,the main function of education systems is to supply the economy with the next generation of workers.In 2080,the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members.To make this a bit more tangible for you,I would like to give an example of what a child's education looks like in 2080.Her name is Shemsy.Shemsy is 13,and she is confident and loves learning.
Shemsy does not go to school in the morning because schools as you know them no longer exist.Schools have been replaced with “Learning Hubs” that are not restricted to certain ages.They are where intergenerational learning happens,in line with the belief that learning is the lifelong pursuit.
Every year,Shemsy designs her learning journey for the year with a highly attentive “teacher-citizen”.Shemsy is actively engaged in designing her education and has to propose projects she would like to be involved in to contribute to and serve her community.She also spends lots of time playing as the role of play in learning has finally been recognized as the essential and core to our humanity.Shemsy works a lot collaboratively.Access to education is universal,and higher education institutions no longer differentiate themselves by how many people they reject yearly.Variability between students is expected and leveraged (充分利用) as young people teach one another and use their differences as a source of strength.Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets.She still has some classes to take that are mandatory for children globally:Being Human and the History of Humanity.
We invite you to think about your vision for education in the year 2080:what does it look like,who does it serve,and how does it transform our societies
8.What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us
There are different types of education.
The present education needs improvements.
Education and economy are closely associated.
The goal of future education is fundamentally different.
9.What do we know about the Learning Hub that Shemsy goes to
It accepts students of all ages. It promotes competition.
It discourages individualized learning. It is all about play-based learning.
10.What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph 3 mean
Tough. Satisfactory.
Optional. Required.
11.What is the suitable title for the text
An Example to All A Vision for Education
A Challenge for Education A Journey into the Future
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·福州一中高三模拟)Time is a valuable resource,especially for those who need to deal with academic demands,personal growth,and social activities at the same time.Effective time management not only leads to increased productivity,but reduces stress.　1　 Here are some strategies to help young adults master the art of time management.
Setting clear and achievable short-term and long-term goals is essential for youth.　2　 They'll also distribute time accordingly.Whether it's studying for exams or pursuing personal interests,having well-defined goals provides a sense of direction.Meanwhile,importance levels of tasks can vary.By focusing on key tasks and minimizing time spent on unimportant ones,young adults can perfect their time management.
　3　 It makes efficient use of their time.Whether using a planner or a calendar app scheduling specific blocks of time for different activities,including study time,exercise,socializing,can lead to better time use.
Furthermore,learning to say no is a valuable skill for youth.With numerous opportunities and interests,it's easy to become overwhelmed.By being selective about commitments,young adults can arrange their time and energy wisely.Saying no to nonessential activities frees up time for important tasks.　4　
In the pursuit of personal success,young adults often find themselves caught up in a series of responsibilities and commitments.However,it's essential for them to recognize that life shouldn't be like this.Selfcare plays a vital role in time management.　5　 By ensuring they maintain a healthy work-life balance,young adults can recharge their energy levels,improve focus,and increase productivity.That way,they perfect time usage and pave the way for success.
A.That actually prevents overcommitment.
B.One should constantly review how time is spent.
C.It creates opportunities for personal development as well.
D.Developing a daily schedule helps young adults stay organized.
E.Putting things off constantly is a common time management project.
F.By knowing what they want to accomplish,they can prioritize their tasks.
G.Youth should value adequate rest and activities that promote their wellbeing.
A Para.1:program n.计划;节目;Para.2:event n.事件;活动;showcase vt.展示; Para.3:socialize vi.社交;Para.4:highlight vt.突出;demonstrate vt.展示;Para.5:stimulate vt.刺激
B Para.2:creativity n.创造力;inspiration n.灵感;Para.3:existence n.存在;concept n.概念; recognition n.认可;Para.4:response n.反应;Para.5:process n.过程
A Para.3:centre　熟义:n.中心;生义:vi.以……为中心
B Para.4:color　熟义:n.颜色;生义:v.赋予色彩
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:upcoming programs即将推出的节目;Para.2:a free monthly event免费的月度活动; Para.3:a small gathering小型聚会;Para.5:stimulate creativity刺激创造力
B Para.1:on the receiving end在接受的一方;Para.2:break routines打破常规; out of their comfort zone走出他们的舒适区;Para.3:gain recognition获得认可; Para.5:give pleasure带来愉悦;benefit from受益于
长 难 句 式 A Para.4:This performance will highlight a range of stories that demonstrate women's creative and political genius from folk heroines to Nobel Peace Prize winners. [分析]　that引导定语从句,修饰先行词stories。介词短语from...to...作后置定语。 [译文]　这场表演将突出展示女性的创造性和政治天分的一系列故事,从民间女英雄到诺贝尔和平奖得主。
B Para.5:The human act of creation is an infinite-sum game,from which all of us benefit. [分析]　这是一个复合句。主句The human act of creation is an infinite-sum game为主系表结构;“介词from+关系代词which”引导定语从句,修饰先行词game。 [译文]　人类的创造行为是一种无限的游戏,我们所有人都从中受益。
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 3
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了即将在Green Line Performing Arts Center举办的几个活动。
1.A　[细节理解题。根据First Monday Jazz Series:Crosswind部分中的“Monday Feb 5|onwards 7-9 pm”和“First Monday Jazz is a free monthly...jazz artists.”可知,该活动在2月5号晚上七点到九点举行,每个月第一个周一都是这个时间段,故选A项。]
2.D　[细节理解题。根据Sistergirls and Freedom Fighters:Stories in Celebration of Women's Power and Grace这一活动名称和该部分的“This performance will highlight...creative and political genius”可知,Sistergirls and Freedom Fighters这一活动是用来庆祝女子的力量与优雅的,即庆祝女性成就的,故选D项。]
3.B　[细节理解题。根据GreenLight Series:South Side Story Time部分中的“Bring your kids to listen,learn,sing,dance,and interact!”和Family Saturdays:Make Art Together部分中的“Explore your child's artistic curiosity...and play.”可知,这两项活动都适合孩子参加,即它们的目标参与者一样,故选B项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章主要以一场作者和艺术家的对话引入话题,提出了艺术创新和科学创新的相似性。随后作者就两种创新的超前性展开论述并举例说明。最后作者呼吁人们都可以参与到有益的创新中来。
4.C　[词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Prior to these conversations...my own research as a scientist.”可知,以前是我欣赏艺术家的作品,现在是他们品评我的作品,从而进行了角色互换。所以reverse指的是转换,故选C项。]
5.C　[推理判断题。根据第二段“In sciences and arts alike...because it is ahead of its time.”可知,最能描述艺术与科学创新特征的说法是超前于时代,故选C项。]
6.A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“Just like aging wine,a product of creative work acquires quality over time.”可知,创新产品要经过一段时间才能显现其品质,要经受时间的检验,故选A项。]
7.B　[写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,作者提出我们都可以参与创新,提出了呼吁号召,故选B项。]
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要通过虚构人物Shemsy向读者展示2080年的教育是什么样子的。
8.D　[段落大意题。根据第一段的中心句“Education in 2080 is distinctive from education in the 2020s.”可知,2080年的教育和现在很不同;再结合第一段中的“Until about 2035 the main function of education systems...In 2080,the purpose of education is the well-being of society and all its members”可知,本段主要讲未来的教育目标和现在截然不同,故选D项。]
9.A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Learning Hubs’ that are not restricted to certain ages.They are where intergenerational learning happens,in line with the belief that learning is the lifelong pursuit.”可知,Shemsy去的学习中心不限制年龄,几代人可以同时在那里学习,故A项正确。]
10.D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Variability between students is expected...Shemsy naturally explores what she is curious about at a pace she sets.”可知,未来教育是允许学生间差异化存在的,Shemsy以她设定的速度自然地探索她好奇的事物。再根据画线词所在句中的“still”、“children globally”以及常识可推知,“Being Human”和“the History of Humanity”是全球学生必学的科目,故选D项。]
11.B　[标题归纳题。第一段讲2080年的教育与现在的截然不同;第二、三段通过虚构人物Shemsy展示了“what a child's education looks like in 2080”;最后一段则向读者发出邀请,让读者思考“your vision for education in the year 2080”。综上可知,本文主要是对2080年教育的展望,故选B项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助年轻人提高效率、减轻压力的时间管理策略。
1.C　[根据上文“Effective time management...but reduces stress.”可知,通过介绍时间管理的好处,引出下文对时间管理策略的介绍,因此空处应该承接上文,进一步解释时间管理的好处,C选项“它也为个人发展创造了机会。”符合语境,故选C项。]
2.F　[根据上文“Setting clear...essential for youth.”可知,设定明确且可实现的短期和长期目标是重要的,且本段末“By focusing...perfect their time management.”表明要聚焦重要的任务,因此空处应对上文“设定目标”做进一步解释,F选项“通过知道自己想要完成什么,他们可以确定任务的优先级。”承上启下,符合语境。故选F项。]
3.D　[根据下文“It makes efficient use...can lead to better time use.”可知,本段主张制定每日计划可以帮助年轻人做事有条理,D选项“制定每日时间表有助于年轻人保持有序。”引出下文,符合语境,故选D项。]
4.A　[根据上文“By being selective...for important tasks.”可知,拒绝不必要的事情可以空出时间去做重要的事,避免在不重要的事情上过度投入。A选项“这实际上可以防止过度承诺。”承接上文,符合题意,故选A项。]
5.G　[根据上文“Selfcare plays a vital role in time management.”及下文“By ensuring...and increase productivity.”可知,本段主张自我照顾是时间管理中的重要一环,空处应承上启下,强调年轻人应该保证充足的休息、提升健康水平以及维持工作与生活的平衡。G选项“青年应该重视适当的休息和促进他们健康的活动。”符合语境,故选G项。]选择性必修第一册UNIT 4　Exploring poetry
分值:50分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2025·重庆质量抽测)Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse has just been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”.
The Swedish Academy credits Fosse as “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”,although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist,beginning with Red,Black in 1983.He has since written many works of prose and poetry.“His literary works,spanning a variety of genres (体裁),comprises about 40 plays and a wealth of novels,poetry collections,essays,children's books and translations,”said Anders Olsson,chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature.
Jon Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles,which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style.Growing up in a small coastal village,Fosse was immersed in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea,which filled him with a sense of solitude and introspection (内省) that is reflected in his works.Fosse's writing discussed themes of loneliness,longing,and the search for meaning in life.Additionally,his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depth of human emotions and existential despair.
“He touches you so deeply when you read his works,”said Anders Olsson.“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing.It touches your deepest feelings—anxieties,insecurities,questions of life and death—which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning.In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of a universal impact of everything that he writes—it has appeal to this basic humanity.”
Fosse is the first-ever laureate writing in Nynorsk,one of the two official languages of Norwegian,but only used by just 10% of the population.As The Guardian writes,“Many Nynorsk speakers see Fosse ‘as a kind of national hero’ for his championing of the language.”Fosse's recognition on a global stage promotes the visibility and importance of Nynorsk as a written standard.It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature,inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and promoting their linguistic (语言的) heritage.
1.What do we learn about Jon Fosse from paragraph 2
His most popular work is the play Red,Black.
He accomplished various genres of literature works.
Many famous plays are the inspiration for his writing.
His language skills earned him the Nobel Prize in Literature.
2.What does the underlined word “solitude” mean in paragraph 3
Loss. Fear.
Loneliness. Sympathy.
3.What is special about Jon Fosse's works according to Anders Olsson
They show the bond between humans and nature.
They guide readers to focus on personal feelings.
They explore the inner meaning of life.
They touch human's deepest emotions.
4.What is the contribution made by Jon Fosse
Finding the importance of linguistic diversity.
Improving the international status of Norway.
Promoting the development and preservation of Nynorsk.
Shaping the basic writing standard of Norwegian literature.
(2025·武汉高三调研)The greatest irony (讽刺) of the world-wide celebrations held in 2012 to honour the 200th anniversary (周年纪念) of the first edition of the Grimms' Kinder-und Hausm rchen involves the discovery that most people really don't know the original Grimms' tales published in two volumes in 1812 and 1815.
If we return to take a closer look at the first edition,we'll find it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from oral tradition and preserve them for future generations.
When Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm began collecting all kinds of folk tales and songs at the beginning of the 19th century,what attracted them to concentrate on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were located in the past,while modern literature,even though it might be remarkably rich,was artificial and thus could not express the genuine quality of folk culture that originated naturally from people's experiences and bound the people together. Broadly speaking,the Grimms sought to collect and preserve ancient things consisting of tales,songs and documents. They intended to demonstrate how natural language,originating from the needs and customs of the common people,created genuine bonds and helped form civilized communities.
Turning to the first edition,a reader might notice that,totally unlike the final edition of 1857,the first edition collects more genuine folk tales,keeping spoken and raw contents,despite the fact that the language is not as pleasing as that in later revised versions. For instance,Snow White's mother,not her stepmother,wants to kill the beautiful girl out of envy. The storytellers do not beat about the bush and they tell the truths they know,engaging people to learn from symbols how to engage their realities,even though magic,incredible transformation and cruelty are involved.
Lastly,the Grimms' little-known first edition reveals forgotten voices that are actually deep within us. Therefore,the irresistibility of the Grimms' tales are that really not theirs,but ours.
5.According to the author,why should we rediscover the Grimms' first edition
To explore its origin. To appreciate its significance.
To honour its 200th anniversary. To remember the Brothers Grimm.
6.What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about
The quality of the folk culture. The contents of the first edition.
The feature of the old German literature. The motivation of the Grimms collecting tales.
7.What can we learn about Snow White in the first edition
It is loosely based on the folk tale.
It instructs readers to integrate into life.
It is appealing for its beautiful language.
It exposes envy and cruelty of the stepmother.
8.What can we infer about the Brothers Grimm from the text
They were collectors of antiques.
They kept their style in later editions.
They thought highly of modern literature.
They were pioneers in preserving folk culture.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2025·河南名校联盟高三联考)Spear moved from the United States to Beijing 21 years ago.His 　1　 in China began during college.His love for China deepened when he met his wife-to-be,Tang and married her two years later.
In 2003,he decided to 　2　 his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California,Berkeley,and move to China to get to the heart of things.
He says that it was fate that led him to 　3　 beneath the Great Wall,where he and his 　4　 discovered their future home in Mutianyu.For nearly 10 years,the couple spent their weekends at this beautiful place before deciding to make it their 　5　 home in 2013.
As a(n) 　6　,Spear renovated (翻新) his dream house in a village near the Great Wall,which comes with multiple views of the Great Wall.Shortly after embracing full-time 　7　 life,Spear was approached by village head Li Lianting,who explained that Mutianyu was rapidly losing 　8　 and badly in need of local 　9　.This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　10　 rural residents.
After looking into the matter,he rented an old 　11　 schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory to make it 　12　.He has helped renovate around 20 　13　 where villagers no longer live.He 　14　 them into hotels or restaurants,which brought much income to villagers.In recognition of his 　15　,Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award in 2024.
1.belief life
interest future
2.drop out of adapt to
carry on concentrate on
3.wait settle
perform advertise
4.classmate child
wife friend
5.formal temporary
instant permanent
6.architect expert
planner gardener
7.urban mountain
village town
8.residents farmers
authors citizens
9.conferences businesses
activities landscapes
10.greeting charging
supporting memorizing
11.advanced dangerous
grand abandoned
12.sustainable creative
worthwhile professional
13.schools factories
houses libraries
14.divided turned
broke put
15.contributions emotion
identity influence
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·开封高三模考)“The Chinese language 1.　　　　　　　　　 (become) popular among Lebanese students in the past five years,” says Antoine Hokayem,a professor and local director of the Confucius Institute at the University of Saint Joseph (USJ).
“In the past,Lebanese students used to register for the Chinese language as an 2. 　
(elect) course.Today,we receive students from the USJ and other universities who aim to learn the language to either work in China 3.　　　　　　　　　 continue their education in the East Asian countries,” Hokayem said on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the institute.
Engineering and telecommunication students are among the people who are most interested in the language as they aim 4.　　　　　　　　　 (continue) their higher education in China.Other students attend the institute's courses with the intention of providing 5.　　　　　　　　　 (assist) for their parents who are engaged 6.　　　　　　　　　 trade activities with Chinese partners.
“We have small children who learn the language and speak 7.　　　　　　　　　 (fluent) with their Chinese teachers.More than half of our students now come from outside our university.”
8.　　　　　　　　 (found) in 2006 through a partnership between China's Shenyang Normal University and the USJ,the Confucius Institute at the USJ was selected as one of the 9. 　
(good) Confucius Institutes in the world for its cultural and social activities.In recent years,the institute has held lectures 10.　　　　　　　　　 cover topics including China's economy and cultural values as well as Peking Opera and the Belt and Road Initiative.
B Para.3:genuine adj.真的;名副其实的;真诚的;demonstrate v.证明;证实;说明; remarkably adv.非凡地;惊人地;非常;Para.5:irresistibility n.不可抗拒
词 块 积 累 B Para.3:broadly speaking大体上讲;Para.4:out of envy出于嫉妒;beat about the bush旁敲侧击;转弯抹角
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 4
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了Jon Fosse凭借其创新性的戏剧和散文荣获2023年诺贝尔文学奖。他是第一位使用新挪威语写作的诺贝尔奖获得者,他的获奖提升了新挪威语作为书面标准的知名度和重要性,并将吸引更多人关注新挪威语文学,促进新挪威语的发展和保护。
1.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His literary works,spanning...children’s books and translations”可知,Fosse的文学作品涵盖多种体裁,包括约40部戏剧以及大量小说、诗集、散文、儿童读物和译作。]
2.C　[词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句的句子结构可知,画线词与“introspection (内省)”并列,“that is reflected in his works”为定语从句。再结合下文中的“Fosse's writing discussed themes of loneliness,longing,and the search for meaning in life.”可知,Fosse的作品探讨了孤独、渴望和探寻人生意义的主题。由此可推知,画线词应表示“孤独”,与loneliness意思一致。]
3.D　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing.It touches your deepest feelings”可知,Fosse的特别之处在于他作品中的亲密感,这种亲密感触动你最深的情感。]
4.C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,Fosse是第一位使用新挪威语写作的诺贝尔奖获得者,他的获奖提升了新挪威语作为书面标准的知名度和重要性,并将吸引更多人关注新挪威语文学,激励和鼓励讲新挪威语的人继续保护和发展他们的语言遗产。]
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了《格林童话》第一版的重要性,以及其中所包含的真实民间故事对民间文化的保护和传承意义。
5.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段可知,作者认为重新研究《格林童话》的初版可以让我们意识到这本书是如何鼓舞全欧洲的民间文化学者去收集口口相传的传统故事并把它们保留给子孙后代的。换句话说,就是通过重读这本书的第一版来认识它的重要性,故选B。]
6.D　[段落大意题。根据第三段中的“what attracted them to concentrate on...forms of culture were located in the past”和“They intended to demonstrate...form civilized communities.”可知,本段主要讲述了格林兄弟最初收集德国古典文学故事的原因和他们打算展现的内容,也就是他们的最初动机,故D项正确。]
7.B　[细节理解题。根据第四段可知,《格林童话》的首版中,因为嫉妒想要杀死白雪公主的是她的亲生母亲,而非继母。所以首版更侧重于人们应当直面生活中的残酷现实,并从中学会从象征中获取生活的经验和教训。因此,第一版的白雪公主更多是一个教育性的故事,即提醒读者更直面并融入现实生活。故B项正确。]
8.D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it was this edition that inspired scholars...preserve them for future generations”可知,《格林童话》的初版让我们意识到这本书是如何鼓舞全欧洲的民间文化学者去收集口口相传的传统故事并把它们保留给子孙后代的。据此可以推断,格林兄弟是保护民间文化的先驱者,故选D。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国人Spear放弃学业来到中国并在中国认识了自己的妻子,他与妻子定居在长城脚下的村庄,并帮助村庄发展乡镇产业。
1.C　[belief信念;life生命;interest兴趣;future未来。根据下文“In 2003,he decided to 　　　　his doctoral studies in Chinese politics at the University of California,Berkeley,and move to China to get to the heart of things.”可知,Spear选择辍学来中国,可以推断出,他对中国产生了兴趣,故选C项。]
2.A　[drop out of退出;adapt to适应;carry on继续;concentrate on集中精力于。根据下文“and move to China to get to the heart of things”可知,后来他辍学来到了中国,故选A项。]
3.B　[wait等待;settle定居;perform执行;advertise做广告。根据下文“he and his 　　　　discovered their future home in Mutianyu”以及“As a(n) 　　　　,Spear renovated his dream house in a village near the Great Wall”可知,他应该是定居在了长城脚下,故选B项。]
4.C　[classmate同学;child孩子;wife妻子;friend朋友。根据下文“the couple”可知,Spear和他的妻子发现了他们未来的家,故选C项。]
5.D　[formal正式的;temporary临时的;instant立即的;permanent永久的。根据上文“For nearly 10 years,the couple spent their weekends at this beautiful place before deciding to make it their”及后文“home in 2013”可知,这对夫妇近十年来都在这个美丽的地方度过周末,后来2013年决定把这里作为他们的永久住所,故选D项。]
6.A　[architect建筑师;expert专家;planner规划师;gardener花匠。根据下文“This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　　　　rural residents.”可知,Spear是建筑师,故选A项。]
7.C　[urban城市的;mountain山;village村庄;town镇。根据上文“Spear renovated (翻新) his dream house in a village”可知,Spear住在了村子里,故选C项。]
8.A　[resident居民;farmer农民;author作者;citizen公民。根据下文“This motivated the architect to explore ways of 　　　　rural residents.”可知,这个村庄在快速地流失居民,故选A项。]
9.B　[conference会议;business商业,公司;activity活动;landscape风景。根据下文“He 　　　　them into hotels or restaurants,which brought much income to villagers.”可知,村里应该是需要当地的企业,故选B项。]
10.C　[greet问候;charge充电;support支持,养活;memorize记忆。根据上文“Mutianyu was rapidly losing 　　　　and badly in need of local 　　　　”可知,Spear建村镇商业来寻找方法养活村民,故选C项。]
11.D　[advanced高级的;dangerous危险的;grand壮丽的;abandoned被遗弃的,废弃的。根据下文“schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory to make it 　　　　”可知,他租赁了老旧、废弃的校舍,然后把它改造成一家餐厅和玻璃艺术工厂,以使它能够可持续利用,故选D项。]
12.A　[sustainable可持续的;creative创造性的;worthwhile值得的;professional职业的。根据前文的“he rented an old 　　　　schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory”可知,他租了一所废弃的旧校舍,把它变成了一家餐厅和玻璃艺术工厂,从而使其能够可持续利用,故选A项。]
13.C　[school学校;factory工厂;house房屋,房子;library图书馆。根据下文“where villagers no longer live”可知,Spear 翻新了村民不再居住的房子,故选C项。]
14.B　[divide划分;turn(使)变成,成为;break打破;put放。根据上文的“he rented an old 　　　　schoolhouse and turned it into a restaurant and glass art factory”和“He has helped renovate around 20　　　　 where villagers no longer live.”可知,Spear 翻新了村民不再居住的房子,他把它们变成了旅馆或餐馆,故选B项。]
15.A　[contribution贡献;emotion情绪;identity身份;influence影响。根据下文“Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award in 2024”可知,为了认可他的贡献,他被授予 “长城友谊奖”,故选A项。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述了汉语在黎巴嫩学生中越来越受欢迎,在这些学生中开始流行学习汉语的热潮。
1.has become　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处作谓语。根据时间状语“in the past five years”可知,时态用现在完成时;又因主语The Chinese language 表示第三人称单数概念,故填has become。]
2.elective　[考查词性转换。空前是不定冠词an,空后是名词,故空处应用形容词修饰名词。故填elective。]
3.or　[考查并列连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,此处形成了either...or...结构,意为“或者……或者……”,故填or。]
4.to continue　[考查非谓语动词。考查固定短语aim to do“力求达到”,故填to continue。]
5.assistance　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处应用名词作providing的宾语,故填assistance。]
6.in　[考查介词。考查固定短语be engaged in“从事”,故填in。]
7.fluently　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,空处应用副词修饰动词speak,故填fluently。]
8.Founded　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语,found与其逻辑主语the Confucius Institute之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词,故填Founded。]
9.best　[考查比较等级。根据句意和空前定冠词the可知,此处应用形容词最高级修饰名词,故填best。]
10.that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是表示物的lectures,从句中缺少主语,故填that/which。]

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