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板块二　词性的转换
第1讲　名词转换为形容词、名词或动词
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 1. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective __________ (function) structure that is also beautiful.
2. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, _____(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 1. 给出名词，考查其派生出的形容词形式；
2. 给出名词，考查其派生出的另一名词形式；
3. 给出名词，考查其派生出的动词形式。
functional
tasty
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 3. (2023·全国甲卷)________(difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
4. (2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more __________(meaning). 1. 给出名词，考查其派生出的形容词形式；
2. 给出名词，考查其派生出的另一名词形式；
3. 给出名词，考查其派生出的动词形式。
Different
meaningful
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 5. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷)My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
6. (2018·全国Ⅰ卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to _________ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. 1. 给出名词，考查其派生出的形容词形式；
2. 给出名词，考查其派生出的另一名词形式；
3. 给出名词，考查其派生出的动词形式。
scientist
strengthen
考点一　名词转换为形容词
名词转换为形容词
后缀 例词
-al centre→central在中心的；中央的
origin→original原来的；起初的
crime→criminal 刑事的；犯罪的
practice→practical 实际的
accident→accidental意外的；偶然的
option→optional可选择的；选修的
后缀 例词
-ed gift→gifted有智慧的
talent→talented有才能的；天才的
-ial office→official官方的；正式的
face→facial 面部的
race→racial 种族的
finance→financial 金融的
industry→industrial 工业的
influence→influential 有影响力的
后缀 例词
-ful peace→peaceful和平的；安静的；和睦的
meaning→meaningful重大的；意味深长的
pain→painful痛苦的；艰难的；不愉快的
-less hope→hopeless没有希望的
use→useless 没用的
help→helpless无助的
end→endless无尽的
后缀 例词
-able fashion→fashionable流行的；时髦的
reason→reasonable公平的；合理的
value→valuable有价值的；宝贵的
-ible access→accessible可到达的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的
horror→horrible极坏的；恐怖的
credit→credible可信的；可靠的
后缀 例词
-ous danger→dangerous有危险的；不安全的
courage→courageous勇敢的；无畏的
ambition→ambitious有雄心的；有抱负的；有野心的
adventure→adventurous冒险的；有冒险精神的；新奇的
space→spacious宽敞的；广阔的
-y guilt→guilty感到内疚的；有过失的；有罪责的
taste→tasty美味的；可口的
hunger→hungry饥饿的；挨饿的
后缀 例词
-ic science→scientific科学的
energy→energetic精力充沛的；充满活力的
economy→economic经济(上)的
strategy→strategic战略性的；战略上的
-ish self→selfish自私的
child→childish孩子气的；稚嫩的
fool→foolish愚蠢的；傻的
后缀 例词
-ate fortune→fortunate幸运的；吉利的
affection→affectionate表示关爱的
-ical grammar→grammatical语法的
history→historical(有关)历史的；有关历史研究的
economy→economical实惠的；节俭的；省钱的
后缀 例词
-t confidence→confident有信心的
silence→silent沉默的
absence→absent缺席的；茫然的
-ly cost→costly昂贵的
friend→friendly友好的
order→orderly有秩序的
day→daily日常的
1. She feels ______ (guilt) about spending less time lately with her two kids.
2. There can be no doubt that you will succeed in your ________ (science) research.
3. He put his ear to the door and heard _____(anger) shouts, but not a single word was distinguishable.
4. The president paid an ______(office) visit to the neighbouring country to strengthen diplomatic ties.
guilty
scientific
angry
official
5. Modern women are energetic, _________(ambition), and most of all, persistent in pursuit of their goals.
6. Keeping a diary in English is one of the most _________(effect) ways to improve our English writing ability.
7. It's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and __________ (meaning) college experience.
8. If they run out of certain _____(day) necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed.
ambitious
effective
meaningful
daily
9. According to the World Bank, China accounts for approximately 30 percent of total ______ (globe) fertilizer consumption.
10. Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more __________(access), and preserve its history and culture.
global
accessible
考点二　名词转换为名词、动词
1. 名词转换为名词
后缀 例词
-(e)r astronomy→astronomer天文学家
village→villager村民
engine→engineer工程师
后缀 例词
-ist art→artist艺术家
physics→physicist物理学家
novel→novelist小说家
-ian music→musician音乐家；作曲家
library→librarian图书馆馆长；图书管理员
politics→politician从政者；政治家
后缀 例词
-hood child→childhood童年；孩童时期
neighbour→neighbourhood街坊；街区
mother→motherhood母亲身份；母性
-ship friend→friendship友谊；友情
scholar→scholarship奖学金；学问
champion→championship冠军称号；锦标赛
2. 名词转换为动词
前/后缀 例词
en- danger→endanger使遭危险；危及；危害
courage→encourage鼓励；激励
cage→encage把……关入笼中；禁闭
-en fright→frighten使惊吓；使惊恐
strength→strengthen加强；强化
length→lengthen使变长
前/后缀 例词
-e breath→breathe呼吸
bath→bathe洗澡；沐浴
-ify beauty→beautify美化；装饰
identity→identify识别；确认
class→classify分类；归类
-ise memory→memorise记忆
summary→summarise 总结
apology→apologise道歉
1. In addition, planting trees helps improve and ________(beauty) the environment.
2. She knew that Soli was trying to ________ (fright) her, so she smiled to hide her fear.
3. But when John reached _________(adult), he was better off than his childhood playmates.
4. These human activities will ________ (danger) wildlife and affect the balance of the ecosystem.
beautify
frighten
adulthood
endanger
5. John Olson, a former ____________(photograph)，and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
6. A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only ________(music) in his family.
7. Grasp the detailed information of the listening material and be able to __________(summary) the main idea.
photographer
musician
summarise
8. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to _______(breath) more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain.
9. (2025·浙江1月卷)While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also __________ (strength) outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity.
breathe
strengthen板块二　词性的转换
第1讲　名词转换为形容词、名词或动词
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法填空 1. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional (function) structure that is also beautiful.2. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, tasty(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 3. (2023·全国甲卷)Different(difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 4. (2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more meaningful(meaning). 5. (2018·全国Ⅲ卷)My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a scientist (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. 6. (2018·全国Ⅰ卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. 1. 给出名词，考查其派生出的形容词形式；2. 给出名词，考查其派生出的另一名词形式；3. 给出名词，考查其派生出的动词形式。
　名词转换为形容词
名词转换为形容词
后缀 例词
-al centre→central在中心的；中央的origin→original原来的；起初的crime→criminal 刑事的；犯罪的practice→practical 实际的accident→accidental意外的；偶然的option→optional可选择的；选修的
-ed gift→gifted有智慧的talent→talented有才能的；天才的
-ial office→official官方的；正式的face→facial 面部的race→racial 种族的finance→financial 金融的industry→industrial 工业的influence→influential 有影响力的
-ful peace→peaceful和平的；安静的；和睦的meaning→meaningful重大的；意味深长的pain→painful痛苦的；艰难的；不愉快的
-less hope→hopeless没有希望的use→useless 没用的help→helpless无助的end→endless无尽的
-able fashion→fashionable流行的；时髦的reason→reasonable公平的；合理的value→valuable有价值的；宝贵的
-ible access→accessible可到达的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的horror→horrible极坏的；恐怖的credit→credible可信的；可靠的
-ous danger→dangerous有危险的；不安全的courage→courageous勇敢的；无畏的ambition→ambitious有雄心的；有抱负的；有野心的adventure→adventurous冒险的；有冒险精神的；新奇的space→spacious宽敞的；广阔的
-y guilt→guilty感到内疚的；有过失的；有罪责的taste→tasty美味的；可口的hunger→hungry饥饿的；挨饿的
-ic science→scientific科学的energy→energetic精力充沛的；充满活力的economy→economic经济(上)的strategy→strategic战略性的；战略上的
-ish self→selfish自私的child→childish孩子气的；稚嫩的fool→foolish愚蠢的；傻的
-ate fortune→fortunate幸运的；吉利的affection→affectionate表示关爱的
续表
后缀 例词
-ical grammar→grammatical语法的history→historical(有关)历史的；有关历史研究的economy→economical实惠的；节俭的；省钱的
-t confidence→confident有信心的silence→silent沉默的absence→absent缺席的；茫然的
-ly cost→costly昂贵的friend→friendly友好的order→orderly有秩序的day→daily日常的
1. She feels guilty (guilt) about spending less time lately with her two kids.
2. There can be no doubt that you will succeed in your scientific (science) research.
3. He put his ear to the door and heard angry(anger) shouts, but not a single word was distinguishable.
4. The president paid an official(office) visit to the neighbouring country to strengthen diplomatic ties.
5. Modern women are energetic, ambitious(ambition), and most of all, persistent in pursuit of their goals.
6. Keeping a diary in English is one of the most effective(effect) ways to improve our English writing ability.
7. It's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful (meaning) college experience.
8. If they run out of certain daily(day) necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed.
9. According to the World Bank, China accounts for approximately 30 percent of total global (globe) fertilizer consumption.
10. Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible(access), and preserve its history and culture.
　名词转换为名词、动词
1. 名词转换为名词
后缀 例词
-(e)r astronomy→astronomer天文学家village→villager村民engine→engineer工程师
-ist art→artist艺术家physics→physicist物理学家novel→novelist小说家
-ian music→musician音乐家；作曲家library→librarian图书馆馆长；图书管理员politics→politician从政者；政治家
-hood child→childhood童年；孩童时期neighbour→neighbourhood街坊；街区mother→motherhood母亲身份；母性
-ship friend→friendship友谊；友情scholar→scholarship奖学金；学问champion→championship冠军称号；锦标赛
2. 名词转换为动词
前/后缀 例词
en- danger→endanger使遭危险；危及；危害courage→encourage鼓励；激励cage→encage把……关入笼中；禁闭
-en fright→frighten使惊吓；使惊恐strength→strengthen加强；强化length→lengthen使变长
-e breath→breathe呼吸bath→bathe洗澡；沐浴
-ify beauty→beautify美化；装饰identity→identify识别；确认class→classify分类；归类
-ise memory→memorise记忆summary→summarise 总结apology→apologise道歉
1. In addition, planting trees helps improve and beautify(beauty) the environment.
2. She knew that Soli was trying to frighten (fright) her, so she smiled to hide her fear.
3. But when John reached adulthood(adult), he was better off than his childhood playmates.
4. These human activities will endanger (danger) wildlife and affect the balance of the ecosystem.
5. John Olson, a former photographer(photograph)，and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
6. A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician(music) in his family.
7. Grasp the detailed information of the listening material and be able to summarise(summary) the main idea.
8. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe(breath) more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain.
9. (2025·浙江1月卷)While gendering a product may be good marketing, it may also strengthen (strength) outdated or harmful ideas about power and identity.
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