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Section Ⅲ　Using language
语法项目——动词不定式作定语和结果状语
语境中体悟
Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve ①. One of the problems is that the trip would take a very long time. Will scientists figure out a way to store sufficient food and water② for the long journey？Is it possible to travel faster than light？No one knows the answers yet. However，space scientists never give up. They are experimenting with growing crops in space so that the food is sufficient enough to support the long journeys③ through space.
[语法入门]
句①中不定式作定语，修饰an easy goal。
句②中不定式短语作定语，修饰a way。
句③中不定式短语作结果状语。
学案中理清
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保留动词的某些特点，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语和状语。本单元重点讲解动词不定式作定语和结果状语的用法。
一、动词不定式作定语　
动词不定式作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词后面，表示还未发生的动作，与名词之间常有一定的逻辑关系。
1．常见用法规则
[先感知]
① When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino (犀牛) to be born at the reserve.
②Believe it or not, I am the only one to hear the news.
③Alan was the youngest student to win the prize.
④(2022·北京高考) Fearful that he might have an intention to harm her, Helen started to run.
⑤I don't trust his promise to come for a visit.
⑥He said he had no plans to go there.
⑦The old man made an attempt to stand up.
⑧(2023·浙江1月高考)The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
⑨He has a strange way to make his classes lively and interesting.
⑩Give him something to eat.
[会发现]
以上各句中动词不定式(短语)皆作______。其中，句①②③被动词不定式短语修饰的名词(词组)分别是：__________________________________________________；句④⑤⑥⑦被动词不定式短语修饰的名词分别是：__________________________________________；句⑧⑨⑩被动词不定式(短语)修饰的名词分别是：__________________________。
(1)当中心词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only/the last/the next等修饰时，常用不定式作定语。
(2)有些动词常跟不定式作宾语，而这些动词的同源名词也常跟不定式作定语。常见的这类名词有wish, decision, determination, refusal，intention, arrangement, agreement, hope, need, plan, promise, failure, attempt, offer等。
(3)动词不定式常常放在某些抽象名词，如plan，way, chance, place, desire, effort, ability, time, opportunity, reason, potential, freedom等或不定代词后面作定语。　　
2．与所修饰词之间的逻辑关系
[先感知]
①We must find a person to do the work.
②He has a lot of books to read.
③The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
④The man to give us a lecture is a senior expert.
⑤I have an essay to complete within this month.
⑥He is a good fellow to work with.
[会发现]
以上句子中动词不定式与所修饰的词之间概括为逻辑上的__________关系。
(1)动词不定式作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词后面，通常与该名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。
(2)当动词不定式与其所修饰的词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系时，如果该不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后需要加上适当的介词。　　
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Gunter's kindness had turned a potentially disastrous evening into a memorable story I would cherish for years ______________ (come)．
②(2023·全国乙卷)Four years later, she was the first African American woman ________ (receive) a medical degree.
③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way ________________ (explore) the city.
④The competition ______________ (hold) in our school stadium next Friday will begin at 2 p．m. and last for about 3 hours.
二、动词不定式作结果状语　
1．常用于特定结构中
[先感知]
①Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries
②During the earthquake, you should keep calm and never be too nervous to know what to do.
③The scenery is so beautiful as to attract many people here.
④She is self confident enough to never feel nervous when giving a speech.
[会发现]
以上句子中动词不定式都作状语，表示____________。
[明规则]
动词不定式作结果状语时，常用于一些特定的结构中：
too ... to do ...　　　　 太……而不能做……
so/such ... as to do ... 如此……以至于做……
enough ... to do ... 足够……做……　　
2．一般表示意料之外的结果
[先感知]
①Tom hurried to the station, only to be told that the train had left.
②Yesterday I went to see her only to learn that she had gone abroad a week before.
③The traveler looked up suddenly to find a leopard in the tree.
④He left his hometown when he was ten, now to return.
[会发现]
以上句子中动词不定式都作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。其中句①②③也表示__________结果。
[明规则]
动词不定式作结果状语时往往含有“令人意想不到”的意思，其中“不好的或使人不愉快的结果”较为常见。动词不定式之前有时可以加上only或but only，以加强语气。　
[名师点津]　现在分词短语作结果状语多表示自然而然的结果，即句子谓语和结果状语之间有直接的因果关系。如：
Jack has made great progress, making his parents very happy.
杰克取得了很大的进步，这让他的父母很高兴。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)Before choosing to study online, consider whether you're a self motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough ______________ (keep) you going.
②(2024·浙江1月高考)Either your shopping is then too heavy __________________ (carry) home or you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
③She returned home happily only __________ (find) the door open and something stolen.
④That night, Mrs. Smith visited the parents of her student, Miguel, only ____________ (tell) that they had just out of work.
应用中融通
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．I was lucky ________________________________________________
to downtown.
我足够幸运赶上了最后一班去市中心的公共汽车。
2．We have made a plan _________________________________________________.
我们已经制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。
3．The progress ____________________ is of great importance to us all.
明年要取得的进步对我们都很重要。
4．My hometown has changed ____________________________________.
我的家乡变化太大了，我简直认不出来。
5．The book is there ______________________ and make up their own mind.
书摆在那儿，供人们阅读后再作决定。
6．Jack hurried to the station to see Mary off, ______________________.
杰克急匆匆地赶到车站为玛丽送行，结果却被告知她已经走了。
Ⅱ.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
Grape seeds that fall into the soil of Xinjiang are more fortunate ①______________ (grow) than anywhere else.With its high altitude, long periods of dry weather and abundant sunshine, Xinjiang is the only place ②______________ (produce) fruits with extremely high sugar content in China.Every fall, people can find that a large number of grapes are so convenient as ③______________ (ship) from Xinjiang to other parts of China, and the way ④________ (store) the rest is to make them into raisins (葡萄干)．
In the vineyards (葡萄园) of Moyu, the climate that results from being surrounded by the desert is hot and dry enough ⑤__________ (grow) huge quantities of large and juicy grapes with very thin skins.These grapes give the locals a chance ⑥________ (live) a wealthy and sweet life.
In mid September, when their Seedless White grapes ripen, if you pick one and put it in your mouth, its taste will be too wonderful for you ⑦______________ (forget)．
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．set up a tai chi school　　 ______________
2．watch kung fu films ______________
3．fall in love with ______________
4．______________ 实现
5．______________ 喜爱，喜欢
6．______________ 放弃
7．______________ 弥补
8．______________ 应对压力
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．How long have Leah been practising tai chi？(　　)
A．For two years.
B．For more than twenty years.
C．For twelve years.
2．What was it that first attracted Leah to tai chi？(　　)
A．Taking kung fu classes.
B．Watching kung fu films.
C．Setting up a tai chi school.
3．Why did Leah decide to set up a tai chi school？(　　)
A．He wants to make a great profit.
B．He would like to make his dream come true.
C．Tai chi is good for the mind and physical abilities.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．Through these classes, I discovered tai chi and ______________________________.
2．The main reason was that _______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________ lives there.
3．The biggest challenge was ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
4．Firstly, what I get from tai chi _______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________ and challenges.
5．It helps me relax and brings me peace inside, and is a simple way ________________________________________________________________________.
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面关于运动的对话。
W：What's your favorite sport
M：I ①_______________________________________________________ (喜爱游泳)．
W：Why
M：The main reason is ②__________________________________________ (它有助于我变得更苗条、更健康). Currently, I go to the pool twice every week. Now I am in shape. Becoming slim is ③________________________________ (我一直渴望的梦想)．
W：Is the entrance charge expensive
M：Well, it costs 300 yuan per person. What a costly sport! That is ④__________________________________ (我必须考虑一个便宜的运动的原因). And I find jogging suitable.
W：Jogging Perhaps it might be a bit too boring
M：It is a simple sport and doesn't require skills of any sort. This leaves room for me to enjoy the beautiful suburban scenery while jogging. Fresh air and soft wind can make me full of imagination. Sometimes, I even come up with a poem or two. As a result, as well as ⑤__________________________ (对我的健康有益), jogging can improve my writing ability as a writer.
W：You are really a man who knows how to enjoy being healthy.
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
预读题干和选项，捕捉重点信息
在听力考试开始前，应先预读题干和选项，提前锁定该对话或独白可能会涉及的人物、话题等信息。在听力考试中，应善于捕捉主要信息(题干和正确选项)，利用次要信息(与其余选项有关的内容)，排除与题目无关的冗余信息，使自己在听音中处于主动地位。例如，具体可从对话涉及的话题、重点信息和语气等推断对话双方(或说话人)的职业身份，彼此之间(或与他人)的关系，对话发生的时间、地点或场合等。
[典例]　
What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Boss and secretary.
B．Hostess and guest.
C．Husband and wife.
[听力原文]
W：Dave, don't forget we are invited out to dinner tonight.
M：Oh yeah! I almost forgot! What time
W：7：30. We should leave the house by 6：30. You know how bad the traffic is that time of night.
M：It's informal, isn't it
W：Yeah, you can wear your new sports jacket, the one I got you as an anniversary gift.
M：Okay. Well, I've got to go. I'll try to get home a little earlier today.
W：Good.
[分析]　根据题干可知，该题考查说话人之间的关系，再根据对话中出现的称呼，说话人的语气以及 the one I got you as an anniversary gift”可知，两人之间是夫妻关系。故选C。
|多积主题表达|
1．go for a run　　　　　　　 去跑步
2．get in shape 保持体形
3．slim down 减肥
4．sign up for 报名参加，注册
5．take part in 参与，参加
6．take advantage of 利用
7．benefit from 从……得到好处
8．keep fit 保持健康
9．be good for 对……有好处
10．break the record 打破纪录
11．compete with/against ... 与……竞争
12．Obviously, daily exercise is very beneficial to your health.
很显然，每天锻炼非常有益于你的健康。
13．Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation.
体育运动可能是最大众化的放松形式。
14．Exercise not only improves our health, but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency.
锻炼不仅改善我们的健康状况，而且可以使我们精神愉悦，提高学习效率。
15．Running is a good way to build up our strength, help us relax and relieve the pressure of learning.
跑步是强身健体的好方法，而且有助于我们放松心情，缓解学习压力。
1．Using only a rope, you can develop your footwork and balance.
只用一根绳子，你就能加强你的步法和平衡。
★balance n．平衡，均衡v.使保持平衡；比较，权衡
|用|法|感|知|
(“建议”类写作佳句)So I suggest you should keep a balance between your study and entertainment.
因此，我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡。
(“动作描写”典句)He stumbled back barely able to keep balance.
他踉踉跄跄地走了回来，几乎无法保持平衡。
You should balance your strengths against weaknesses when applying for a university.
当你申请一所大学的时候，你应该权衡你的优缺点。
(1)keep the balance of ... 保持……的平衡
keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between ... and ...　　　　保持……和……之间的平衡
(2)balance A against B 权衡/比较A与B
(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
a balanced diet 均衡饮食　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①You have to balance the advantages ______ disadvantages of doing so.
②The doctor advised that we should have a __________ (balance) diet and get into the good habit of getting up early.
③I ____________________ when I climbed the ladder and fell down on the ground.
爬梯子时，我失去了平衡，摔倒在地上。
④Briefly, we should be aware of the importance of ____________________________.
总之，我们应该意识到保持生态平衡的重要性。
2．It involves doing very slow physical exercises to relax your mind and calm your body.
它包括做非常缓慢的体育锻炼，以放松你的思想、平静你的身体。
★involve v．包含，需要；(使)参加，加入；牵连，牵涉
|用|法|感|知|
The job involves travelling abroad for three months each year.
这份工作需要每年出国三个月。
(“建议”类写作佳句)You should involve yourselves in more community activities where you can gain experience for growth.
你们应该多参加社区活动，从中能获得成长经验。
150 participants from three grades were involved in the race.
来自三个年级的150名参赛者参加了比赛。
involve doing sth. 　 　　 　 包括/需要做某事
involve sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事
be/get involved in (doing) sth. 卷入/参与(做)某事　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Running your own business usually involves ______________ (work) long hours.
②If she ____________ (involve) in business, she would make a strong chief executive.
(2)替换加黑词汇
③It goes without saying that taking part in social activities can broaden our horizons.
____________________
3．During the interview, listen carefully to each question and try to understand the main ideas within the interviewee's responses.
在面试过程中，仔细听每一个问题，尽力理解参加面试者回答中的主要观点。
★response n．回答，答复
|用|法|感|知|
In response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
为了回应观众的强烈要求，这部剧将每周在剧院上演两次。
(“申请”类写作佳句)I'd appreciate it if you could make a quick response to my application.
如果你能尽快回复我的申请，我将不胜感激。
(1)in response to ...　 作为对……的回应
make a/no response (to) (对……)作出/没有回应
(2)respond vi. 作出反应，回应，回答
respond to ... 对……作出反应/回应/答复　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/同义句转换)
①They didn't make a __________ (respond) to our challenge.
②Knowing basic first aid techniques will help you respond quickly __________ emergencies.
③He went to open the door to respond to a knock.
→He went to open the door __________________________ a knock.
Section Ⅲ
语法专题突破
学案中理清 　
一、1.[会发现]　后置定语　the 40th black rhino, the only one, the youngest student　intention，promise，plans，attempt　potential, way, something
2．[会发现]　主谓或动宾
[对点练]　①to come　②to receive　③to explore
④to be held　
二、1.[会发现]　结果
2．[会发现]　不好的
[对点练]　①to keep　②to carry　③to find　④to be told
应用中融通 　
Ⅰ.1.enough to catch the last bus　2.to learn from Lei Feng
3．to be made next year　4.too much for me to recognize
5．for people to read　6.only to be told she had left
Ⅱ.①to grow　②to produce　③to be shipped　④to store
⑤to grow　⑥to live　⑦to forget
听力发掘训练
一、1.创办一所太极学校　2.看功夫电影　3.喜欢上，爱上
4．come true　5.be fond of　6.give up　7.make up for
8．deal with pressure
二、1～3　BAC
三、1.fell in love with it at once
2．one of the greatest masters of tai chi
3．learning to understand and speak Chinese
4．makes up for the hard work　5.to deal with pressure
四、①love/am fond of swimming
②that it helps me become slimmer and healthier
③a dream which I have always longed for
④why I have to think of a cheap sport
⑤being good for my health
新知深化学习
1．①against　②balanced　③lost my balance
④keeping the balance of ecology
2．①working　②were involved　③being/getting involved in
3．①response　②to　③in response to(共107张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using language
目 录
语法专题突破
听力发掘训练
新知深化学习
课时跟踪检测
语法专题突破
语法项目——动词不定式作定语和结果状语
语境中体悟
Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve ①. One of the problems is that the trip would take a very long time. Will scientists figure out a way to store sufficient food and water② for the long journey？Is it possible to travel faster than light？No one knows the answers yet. However，
space scientists never give up. They are experimenting with growing crops in space so that the food is sufficient enough to support the long journeys③ through space.
[语法入门]
句①中不定式作定语，修饰an easy goal。
句②中不定式短语作定语，修饰a way。
句③中不定式短语作结果状语。
学案中理清
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保留动词的某些特点，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语和状语。本单元重点讲解动词不定式作定语和结果状语的用法。
一、动词不定式作定语　
动词不定式作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词后面，表示还未发生的动作，与名词之间常有一定的逻辑关系。
1．常见用法规则
[先感知]
① When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino (犀牛) to be born at the reserve.
②Believe it or not, I am the only one to hear the news.
③Alan was the youngest student to win the prize.
④(2022·北京高考) Fearful that he might have an intention to harm her, Helen started to run.
⑤I don't trust his promise to come for a visit.
⑥He said he had no plans to go there.
⑦The old man made an attempt to stand up.
⑧(2023·浙江1月高考)The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
⑨He has a strange way to make his classes lively and interesting.
⑩Give him something to eat.
[会发现]
以上各句中动词不定式(短语)皆作 。其中，句①②③被动词不定式短语修饰的名词(词组)分别是：_______________________
；句④⑤⑥⑦被动词不定式短语修饰的名词分别是： ；句⑧⑨⑩被动词不定式(短语)修饰的名词分别是： 。
后置定语
the 40th black rhino, the
only one, the youngest student
intention，promise，plans，attempt
potential, way, something
[明规则]
(1)当中心词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only/the last/the next等修饰时，常用不定式作定语。
(2)有些动词常跟不定式作宾语，而这些动词的同源名词也常跟不定式作定语。常见的这类名词有wish, decision, determination, refusal，intention, arrangement, agreement, hope, need, plan, promise, failure, attempt, offer等。
(3)动词不定式常常放在某些抽象名词，如plan，way, chance, place, desire, effort, ability, time, opportunity, reason, potential, freedom等或不定代词后面作定语。　　
2．与所修饰词之间的逻辑关系
[先感知]
①We must find a person to do the work.
②He has a lot of books to read.
③The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
④The man to give us a lecture is a senior expert.
⑤I have an essay to complete within this month.
⑥He is a good fellow to work with.
[会发现]
以上句子中动词不定式与所修饰的词之间概括为逻辑上的
___________关系。
主谓或动宾
[明规则]
(1)动词不定式作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词后面，通常与该名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。
(2)当动词不定式与其所修饰的词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系时，如果该不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后需要加上适当的介词。　　
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Gunter's kindness had turned a potentially disastrous evening into a memorable story I would cherish for years (come)．
②(2023·全国乙卷)Four years later, she was the first African American woman (receive) a medical degree.
to come
to receive
③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way (explore) the city.
④The competition (hold) in our school stadium next Friday will begin at 2 p．m. and last for about 3 hours.
to explore
to be held
二、动词不定式作结果状语　
1．常用于特定结构中
[先感知]
①Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries
②During the earthquake, you should keep calm and never be too nervous to know what to do.
③The scenery is so beautiful as to attract many people here.
④She is self-confident enough to never feel nervous when giving a speech.
[会发现]
以上句子中动词不定式都作状语，表示 。
结果
[明规则]
动词不定式作结果状语时， 常用于一些特定的结构中：
too ...to do ...　　　　 太……而不能做……
so/such ...as to do ... 如此……以至于做……
enough ...to do ... 足够……做……　　
2．一般表示意料之外的结果
[先感知]
①Tom hurried to the station, only to be told that the train had left.
②Yesterday I went to see her only to learn that she had gone abroad a week before.
③The traveler looked up suddenly to find a leopard in the tree.
④He left his hometown when he was ten, now to return.
[会发现]
以上句子中动词不定式都作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。其中句①②③也表示 结果。
[明规则]
动词不定式作结果状语时往往含有“令人意想不到”的意思，其中“不好的或使人不愉快的结果”较为常见。动词不定式之前有时可以加上only或but only，以加强语气。
不好的
[名师点津]　现在分词短语作结果状语多表示自然而然的结果，即句子谓语和结果状语之间有直接的因果关系。如：
Jack has made great progress, making his parents very happy.
杰克取得了很大的进步，这让他的父母很高兴。
[对点练]　(单句语法填空)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)Before choosing to study online, consider whether you're a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough (keep) you going.
②(2024·浙江1月高考)Either your shopping is then too heavy ________(carry) home or you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
to keep
to carry
③She returned home happily only (find) the door open and something stolen.
④That night, Mrs. Smith visited the parents of her student, Miguel, only (tell) that they had just out of work.
to find
to be told
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．I was lucky to downtown.
我足够幸运赶上了最后一班去市中心的公共汽车。
2．We have made a plan .
我们已经制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。
应用中融通
enough to catch the last bus
to learn from Lei Feng
3．The progress is of great importance to us all.
明年要取得的进步对我们都很重要。
4．My hometown has changed .
我的家乡变化太大了，我简直认不出来。
to be made next year
too much for me to recognize
5．The book is there and make up their own mind.
书摆在那儿，供人们阅读后再作决定。
6．Jack hurried to the station to see Mary off,____________________
.
杰克急匆匆地赶到车站为玛丽送行，结果却被告知她已经走了。
for people to read
only to be told she
had left
Ⅱ.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
Grape seeds that fall into the soil of Xinjiang are more fortunate ① (grow) than anywhere else.With its high altitude, long periods of dry weather and abundant sunshine, Xinjiang is the only place ② (produce) fruits with extremely high sugar content in China.Every fall, people can find that a large number of grapes are so convenient as ③ (ship) from Xinjiang to other parts of China, and the way ④ (store) the rest is to make them into raisins (葡萄干)．
to grow
to produce
to be shipped
to store
In the vineyards (葡萄园) of Moyu, the climate that results from being surrounded by the desert is hot and dry enough ⑤ (grow) huge quantities of large and juicy grapes with very thin skins.These grapes give the locals a chance ⑥ (live) a wealthy and sweet life.
In mid-September, when their Seedless White grapes ripen, if you pick one and put it in your mouth, its taste will be too wonderful for you ⑦ (forget)．
to grow
to live
to forget
听力发掘训练
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．set up a tai chi school　　　　 _________________
2．watch kung fu films ___________
3．fall in love with _____________
4． 实现
教材听力“再利用”
创办一所太极学校
看功夫电影
喜欢上，爱上
come true
5． 喜爱，喜欢
6． 放弃
7． 弥补
8． 应对压力
be fond of
give up
make up for
deal with pressure
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．How long have Leah been practising tai chi
A．For two years.
B．For more than twenty years.
C．For twelve years.
√
2．What was it that first attracted Leah to tai chi
A．Taking kung fu classes.
B．Watching kung fu films.
C．Setting up a tai chi school.
√
3．Why did Leah decide to set up a tai chi school
A．He wants to make a great profit.
B．He would like to make his dream come true.
C．Tai chi is good for the mind and physical abilities.
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．Through these classes, I discovered tai chi and___________________
.
2．The main reason was that lives there.
3．The biggest challenge was .
fell in love with it at
once
one of the greatest masters of tai chi
learning to understand and speak Chinese
4．Firstly, what I get from tai chi ___________________________
and challenges.
5．It helps me relax and brings me peace inside, and is a simple way .
makes up for the hard work
to deal with pressure
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面关于运动的对话。
W：What's your favorite sport
M：I ① (喜爱游泳)．
W：Why
love/am fond of swimming
M：The main reason is ②_________________________________
(它有助于我变得更苗条、更健康). Currently, I go to the pool twice every week. Now I am in shape. Becoming slim is ③_______
(我一直渴望的梦想)．
W：Is the entrance charge expensive
that it helps me become slimmer and
healthier
a dream
which I have always longed for
M：Well, it costs 300 yuan per person. What a costly sport! That is ④ (我必须考虑一个便宜的运动的原因). And I find jogging suitable.
W：Jogging Perhaps it might be a bit too boring
M：It is a simple sport and doesn't require skills of any sort. This leaves room for me to enjoy the beautiful suburban scenery while jogging. Fresh air and soft wind can make me full of imagination.
why I have to think of a cheap sport
Sometimes, I even come up with a poem or two. As a result, as well as ⑤ (对我的健康有益), jogging can improve my writing ability as a writer.
W：You are really a man who knows how to enjoy being healthy.
being good for my health
|掌握规律技法|
预读题干和选项，捕捉重点信息
在听力考试开始前，应先预读题干和选项，提前锁定该对话或独白可能会涉及的人物、话题等信息。在听力考试中，应善于捕捉主要信息(题干和正确选项)，利用次要信息(与其余选项有关的内容)，排除与题目无关的冗余信息，使自己在听音中处于主动地位。例如，具体可从对话涉及的话题、重点信息和语气等推断对话双方(或说话人)的职业身份，彼此之间(或与他人)的关系，对话发生的时间、地点或场合等。
听力素养“漫养成”
[典例]　
What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Boss and secretary.
B．Hostess and guest.
C．Husband and wife.
√
[听力原文]
W：Dave, don't forget we are invited out to dinner tonight.
M：Oh yeah! I almost forgot! What time
W：7：30. We should leave the house by 6：30. You know how bad the traffic is that time of night.
M：It's informal, isn't it
W：Yeah, you can wear your new sports jacket, the one I got you as an anniversary gift.
M：Okay. Well, I've got to go. I'll try to get home a little earlier today.
W：Good.
[分析]　根据题干可知，该题考查说话人之间的关系，再根据对话中出现的称呼，说话人的语气以及 the one I got you as an anniversary gift”可知，两人之间是夫妻关系。故选C。
|多积主题表达|
1．go for a run　　　　　　　 去跑步
2．get in shape 保持体形
3．slim down 减肥
4．sign up for 报名参加，注册
5．take part in 参与，参加
6．take advantage of 利用
7．benefit from 从……得到好处
8．keep fit 保持健康
9．be good for 对……有好处
10．break the record 打破纪录
11．compete with/against ... 与……竞争
12．Obviously, daily exercise is very beneficial to your health.
很显然，每天锻炼非常有益于你的健康。
13．Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation.
体育运动可能是最大众化的放松形式。
14．Exercise not only improves our health, but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency.
锻炼不仅改善我们的健康状况，而且可以使我们精神愉悦，提高学习效率。
15．Running is a good way to build up our strength, help us relax and relieve the pressure of learning.
跑步是强身健体的好方法，而且有助于我们放松心情，缓解学习压力。
新知深化学习
1．Using only a rope, you can develop your footwork and balance.
只用一根绳子，你就能加强你的步法和平衡。
★balance n．平衡，均衡 v.使保持平衡；比较，权衡
|用|法|感|知|
(“建议”类写作佳句)So I suggest you should keep a balance between your study and entertainment.
因此，我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡。
(“动作描写”典句)He stumbled back barely able to keep balance.
他踉踉跄跄地走了回来，几乎无法保持平衡。
You should balance your strengths against weaknesses when applying for a university.
当你申请一所大学的时候，你应该权衡你的优缺点。
(1)keep the balance of ... 保持……的平衡
keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between ... and ...　保持……和……之间的平衡
(2)balance A against B 权衡/比较A与B
(3)balanced adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的
a balanced diet 均衡饮食　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①You have to balance the advantages disadvantages of doing so.
②The doctor advised that we should have a (balance) diet and get into the good habit of getting up early.
against
balanced
③I when I climbed the ladder and fell down on the ground.
爬梯子时，我失去了平衡，摔倒在地上。
④Briefly, we should be aware of the importance of_____________
.
总之，我们应该意识到保持生态平衡的重要性。
lost my balance
keeping the
balance of ecology
2．It involves doing very slow physical exercises to relax your mind and calm your body.
它包括做非常缓慢的体育锻炼，以放松你的思想、平静你的身体。
★involve v．包含，需要；(使)参加，加入；牵连，牵涉
|用|法|感|知|
The job involves travelling abroad for three months each year.
这份工作需要每年出国三个月。
(“建议”类写作佳句)You should involve yourselves in more community activities where you can gain experience for growth.
你们应该多参加社区活动，从中能获得成长经验。
150 participants from three grades were involved in the race.
来自三个年级的150名参赛者参加了比赛。
involve doing sth. 　　　 　 包括/需要做某事
involve sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事
be/get involved in (doing) sth. 卷入/参与(做)某事　　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Running your own business usually involves (work) long hours.
②If she (involve) in business, she would make a strong chief executive.
working
were involved
(2)替换加蓝词汇
③It goes without saying that taking part in social activities can broaden our horizons. _______________________
being/getting involved in
3．During the interview, listen carefully to each question and try to understand the main ideas within the interviewee's responses.
在面试过程中，仔细听每一个问题，尽力理解参加面试者回答中的主要观点。
★response n．回答，答复
|用|法|感|知|
In response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
为了回应观众的强烈要求，这部剧将每周在剧院上演两次。
(“申请”类写作佳句)I'd appreciate it if you could make a quick response to my application.
如果你能尽快回复我的申请，我将不胜感激。
(1)in response to ...　 作为对……的回应
make a/no response (to) (对……)作出/没有回应
(2)respond vi. 作出反应，回应，回答
respond to ... 对……作出反应/回应/答复　　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/同义句转换)
①They didn't make a (respond) to our challenge.
②Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly emergencies.
③He went to open the door to respond to a knock.
→He went to open the door a knock.
response
to
in response to
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem：lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气)．So the city began a plan to improve the situation.
Under the Velib plan (‘Velib’ comes from vélo liberté， or ‘bicycle freedom’) people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station.The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don't return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay.But it's only 1 a day or 29 a year! The bicycles are heavy (25 kg), and they are all grey and have baskets.There are about 20,000 of them in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations.So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations.
Paris is not the first city to have a plan like this.But not everybody thinks it's a great idea.One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys.If people want to travel across the city, they won't use a bicycle — they'll still use their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle plan won't solve all our traffic problems, of course.But it might help reduce air pollution.Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem.There aren't any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities.But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse.The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的自行车骑行方案，鼓励人们为了环境和自己的身体健康，多骑自行车。
1．What can we learn about the Velib plan
A．Its bikes have no baskets.
B．Its bikes are light and colorful.
C．It aims to make traveling easier.
D．It owns more stations than the subway.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The bicycles are heavy(25 kg)，and they are all grey and have baskets.”可知，A、B项错误；根据第一段可知，自行车计划的目的是改善交通拥堵和废气污染的问题，故C项和原文不符；根据第二段中“So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations.”可知，自行车车站要比地铁站多得多 。
2．If you use a Velib for 1 hour, how much should you pay
A. 1.　　　　　　　　 B. 30.
C. 29. D．No money.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The first half-hour on the bike is free ... 1 a day or 29 a year！”可知，前半个小时是免费的，超过半小时需要付费，一天1欧元。因此骑自行车一个小时，需要付费1欧元。
√
3.Why do some people disagree with the Velib plan
A．The cost is rather high.
B．It's hard to find a Velib station.
C．It's not suitable for a long journey.
D．The distance between two Velib stations is long.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“These bicycles are only for short journeys.”可知，这些自行车仅仅适用于短途旅行。由此可推断出，一些人反对自行车计划的原因是自行车不适用长途旅行。
4．What's the city spokesman's attitude towards the bicycle plan
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Uncaring. D．Worried.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中城市发言人说的话“The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.”可知，他认为自行车也可能帮助人们过一种更健康的生活。由此可以推断出，他对自行车计划的态度是积极的。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
Donna Urquhart is an experienced runner. She ran 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica (南极洲), 5 the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region.
Urquhart spent 10 months training for the 6 ， turning to some unusual training methods. A company allowed her to run in a 7 storage unit where she ran in temperatures below zero. Besides, she ran along the beaches with uneven (凹凸不平的) surfaces that are like the 8 grounds in Antarctica. All those proved useful 9 .
The difficulties that Urquhart faced in Antarctica were 10 ： taking in about 5,000 calories each day, 11 in a tent (帐篷). Combined with the sound of 12 winds and the continent's 24 hours of sunlight in the summer months, these were 13 favorable to a good night's sleep. Urquhart would usually wear four layers of coats and keep 14 her own body temperature while running.
Urquhart launched the Run Antarctica aiming to encourage more women to 15 sport.
“Confidence is a real issue for females，” says Urquhart. “And a 16 environment provides them with a great opportunity to 17 themselves.” This served as a huge 18 for her to take on a challenge that no other woman had tried before. “It was actually showing that we can 19 what seems impossible，” says Urquhart.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Donna Urquhart的南极洲跑步挑战以及她通过这项挑战传递的积极信息。
5．A.closing　　　　　　 B．keeping
C．missing D．setting
解析：根据上文“She ran 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica”和下文“the record”可知，她在南极洲的28天里跑了1 402公里，创下了在极地地区跑步时间最长的纪录，set a record意为“创纪录”。故选D。
√
6．A.basis B．factor
C．challenge D．examination
解析：根据上文“She ran 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica”可知，她在南极洲的28天里跑了1 402公里，这对于她来说是一个很大的挑战。basis“基础”；factor“因素”；challenge“挑战”；examination“考试”。故选C。
√
7．A.painted B．refrigerated
C．heated D．crowded
解析：根据下文“where she ran in temperatures below zero”可知，她是在一个冷藏库里跑步，refrigerated storage意为“冷藏库”。故选B。
√
8．A.varied B．soft
C．ideal D．high
解析：根据上文“along the beaches with uneven (凹凸不平的) surfaces”可知，她在凹凸不平的海滩跑步，就像南极洲各种各样的表面一样。varied“多种多样的”；soft“柔软的”；ideal“理想的”；high“高的”。故选A。
√
9．A.purposes B．messages
C．preparations D．suggestions
解析：根据上文“Urquhart spent 10 months training for the ”可知，前面描述的一系列的训练其实就是准备工作。purpose“目的”；message“信息”；preparation“准备”；suggestion“建议”。故选C。
√
10．A.new B．tough
C．interesting D．exciting
解析：根据下文“taking in about 5,000 calories each day”可知，她每天摄入大约5 000卡路里的热量，这种困难是很艰巨的。故选B。
√
√
11．A.accommodating B．surfing
C．harvesting D．complaining
解析：根据下文“in a tent”可知，她住在帐篷里。accommodate“为……提供住宿”；surf“冲浪”；harvest“收获”；complain“抱怨”。故选A。
12．A.gentle B．slight
C．warm D．wild
解析：根据上文“in Antarctica”并结合常识可知，她在南极洲，外面是狂风的声音。gentle“温柔的”；slight“轻微的”；warm“温暖的”；wild“狂暴的”。故选D。
√
13．A.likely B．significantly
C．hardly D．really
解析：根据上文“the sound of winds and the continent's 24 hours of sunlight in the summer months”可知，狂风的声音，加上南极洲大陆夏季24小时的阳光，这对睡觉都是不利的。likely“可能的”；significantly“显著地”；hardly“几乎不”；really“真正地”。故选C。
√
14．A.noticing B．taking
C．indicating D．forgetting
解析：根据下文“her own body temperature while running”可知，她跑步时要不断注意自己的体温。notice“注意”；take“拿走”；indicate“表明，显示”；forget“忘记”。故选A。
√
15．A.refer to B．apply for
C．carry on D．take up
解析：根据上文“Urquhart launched the Run Antarctica aiming to encourage more women to”可知，她发起“Run Antarctica”活动是为了鼓励更多的女性参加运动。refer to“提到”；apply for“申请”；carry on“继续”；take up“开始某项活动”。故选D。
√
16．A.sporting B．debating
C．dancing D．sleeping
解析：根据上文可知，Donna Urquhart进行的是南极洲跑步挑战，所以此处指体育环境。故选A。
√
17．A.support B．trust
C．prevent D．wait
解析：根据上文“Confidence is a real issue for females”可知，自信对女性来说是一个真正的问题，体育环境为女性们提供了一个很好的机会去相信自己。support“支持”；trust“信任”；prevent“阻止”；wait“等待”。故选B。
√
18．A.encouragement B．impression
C．symbol D．adventure
解析：根据下文“take on a challenge that no other woman had tried before”可知，她受到了鼓舞，才接受了一个从未有过的挑战。encouragement“鼓舞”；impression“印象”；symbol“象征”；adventure“冒险”。故选A。
√
19．A.represent B．defend
C．monitor D．explore
解析：根据上文可知，Donna Urquhart的南极洲跑步挑战是在探索看似不可能的事情。represent“代表”；defend“防御”；monitor“监视”；explore“探索”。故选D。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Kung fu, also 1 (name) as wushu or Chinese martial arts, is 2 important part of traditional Chinese culture. It is 3 (probable) one of the earliest and longest lasting sports. The theory (原理) of kung fu is based 4 classical Chinese philosophy. Over its long history it has developed as a unique combination of exercise, practical self-defense，and art. There are many 5 (form) of kung fu, namely Shaolin Kung
Fu, Wing Chun, Tai Chi, etc. Each form of kung fu 6 (have) its own principles (原则) and techniques. It is in the late twentieth century 7 this term was used in relation to Chinese martial arts by the Chinese community.
Historically, the influence of Chinese kung fu can 8 (find) in books and in the performance art. Recently, those influences have appeared in the movies and television, which has a much 9 (wide) audience. As a result, Chinese kung fu has spread rapidly and has a global influence. Nowadays, it is regarded as a traditional sport and opens a window for the world 10 (understand) Chinese culture.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国功夫的种类、历史及影响。
1．named　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，Kung fu与name之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填named。
2．an　考查冠词。part作“部分”讲时是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，important的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
3．probably　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，应用副词，故填probably。
4．on/upon　考查介词。be based on/upon意为“以……为基础”，为固定搭配，故填on/upon。
5．forms　考查名词复数。根据many可知该名词应用复数形式，故填forms。
6．has　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语，此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；又因主语为“Each form of kung fu”，表示单数概念，所以谓语动词用单数形式，故填has。
7．that　考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，此处是“It is ＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分”结构，被强调的部分是“in the late twentieth century”，故填that。
8．be found　考查语态。the influence of Chinese kung fu与find之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。根据空前的can可知，此处应用含有情态动词的被动语态结构，故填be found。
9．wider　考查形容词比较级。根据语境以及空前的much可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，故填wider。
10．to understand　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作定语，修饰a window，故填to understand。UNIT 3　课时检测(三)　Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem：lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气)．So the city began a plan to improve the situation.
Under the Velib plan (‘Velib’ comes from vélo liberté， or ‘bicycle freedom’) people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station.The first half hour on the bike is free, but if you don't return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay.But it's only 1 a day or 29 a year! The bicycles are heavy (25 kg), and they are all grey and have baskets.There are about 20,000 of them in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations.So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations.
Paris is not the first city to have a plan like this.But not everybody thinks it's a great idea.One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys.If people want to travel across the city, they won't use a bicycle — they'll still use their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle plan won't solve all our traffic problems, of course.But it might help reduce air pollution.Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem.There aren't any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities.But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse.The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.”
1．What can we learn about the Velib plan
A．Its bikes have no baskets.
B．Its bikes are light and colorful.
C．It aims to make traveling easier.
D．It owns more stations than the subway.
2．If you use a Velib for 1 hour, how much should you pay
A. 1.　　　　　　　　 B. 30.
C. 29. D．No money.
3.Why do some people disagree with the Velib plan
A．The cost is rather high.
B．It's hard to find a Velib station.
C．It's not suitable for a long journey.
D．The distance between two Velib stations is long.
4．What's the city spokesman's attitude towards the bicycle plan
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Uncaring. D．Worried.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Donna Urquhart is an experienced runner. She ran 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica (南极洲), __5__ the record for the longest ever run in a polar region.
Urquhart spent 10 months training for the __6__， turning to some unusual training methods. A company allowed her to run in a __7__ storage unit where she ran in temperatures below zero. Besides, she ran along the beaches with uneven (凹凸不平的) surfaces that are like the __8__ grounds in Antarctica. All those proved useful __9__.
The difficulties that Urquhart faced in Antarctica were __10__： taking in about 5,000 calories each day, __11__ in a tent (帐篷). Combined with the sound of __12__ winds and the continent's 24 hours of sunlight in the summer months, these were __13__ favorable to a good night's sleep. Urquhart would usually wear four layers of coats and keep __14__ her own body temperature while running.
Urquhart launched the Run Antarctica aiming to encourage more women to __15__ sport.
“Confidence is a real issue for females，” says Urquhart. “And a ___16__ environment provides them with a great opportunity to __17__ themselves.” This served as a huge __18__ for her to take on a challenge that no other woman had tried before. “It was actually showing that we can __19__ what seems impossible，” says Urquhart.
5.A.closing　　　　　　 B．keeping
C．missing D．setting
6．A.basis B．factor
C．challenge D．examination
7．A.painted B．refrigerated
C．heated D．crowded
8．A.varied B．soft
C．ideal D．high
9．A.purposes B．messages
C．preparations D．suggestions
10．A.new B．tough
C．interesting D．exciting
11．A.accommodating B．surfing
C．harvesting D．complaining
12．A.gentle B．slight
C．warm D．wild
13．A.likely B．significantly
C．hardly D．really
14．A.noticing B．taking
C．indicating D．forgetting
15．A.refer to B．apply for
C．carry on D．take up
16．A.sporting B．debating
C．dancing D．sleeping
17．A.support B．trust
C．prevent D．wait
18．A.encouragement B．impression
C．symbol D．adventure
19．A.represent B．defend
C．monitor D．explore
Ⅲ.语法填空
Kung fu, also __1__ (name) as wushu or Chinese martial arts, is __2__ important part of traditional Chinese culture. It is __3__ (probable) one of the earliest and longest lasting sports. The theory (原理) of kung fu is based __4__ classical Chinese philosophy. Over its long history it has developed as a unique combination of exercise, practical self defense，and art. There are many __5__ (form) of kung fu, namely Shaolin Kung Fu, Wing Chun, Tai Chi, etc. Each form of kung fu __6__ (have) its own principles (原则) and techniques. It is in the late twentieth century __7__ this term was used in relation to Chinese martial arts by the Chinese community.
Historically, the influence of Chinese kung fu can __8__ (find) in books and in the performance art. Recently, those influences have appeared in the movies and television, which has a much __9__ (wide) audience. As a result, Chinese kung fu has spread rapidly and has a global influence. Nowadays, it is regarded as a traditional sport and opens a window for the world __10__ (understand) Chinese culture.
UNIT 3　课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的自行车骑行方案,鼓励人们为了环境和自己的身体健康,多骑自行车。
1.选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The bicycles are heavy (25 kg),and they are all grey and have baskets.”可知,A、B项错误;根据第一段可知,自行车计划的目的是改善交通拥堵和废气污染的问题,故C项和原文不符;根据第二段中“So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations.”可知,自行车车站要比地铁站多得多 。
2.选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The first half hour on the bike is free ... 1 a day or 29 a year!”可知,前半个小时是免费的,超过半小时需要付费,一天1欧元。因此骑自行车一个小时,需要付费1欧元。
3.选C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“These bicycles are only for short journeys.”可知,这些自行车仅仅适用于短途旅行。由此可推断出,一些人反对自行车计划的原因是自行车不适用长途旅行。
4.选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中城市发言人说的话“The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.”可知,他认为自行车也可能帮助人们过一种更健康的生活。由此可以推断出,他对自行车计划的态度是积极的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Donna Urquhart的南极洲跑步挑战以及她通过这项挑战传递的积极信息。
5.选D　根据上文“She ran 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica”和下文“the record”可知,她在南极洲的28天里跑了1 402公里,创下了在极地地区跑步时间最长的纪录,set a record意为“创纪录”。故选D。
6.选C　根据上文“She ran 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica”可知,她在南极洲的28天里跑了1 402公里,这对于她来说是一个很大的挑战。basis“基础”;factor“因素”;challenge“挑战”;examination“考试”。故选C。
7.选B　根据下文“where she ran in temperatures below zero”可知,她是在一个冷藏库里跑步,refrigerated storage意为“冷藏库”。故选B。
8.选A　根据上文“along the beaches with uneven (凹凸不平的) surfaces”可知,她在凹凸不平的海滩跑步,就像南极洲各种各样的表面一样。varied“多种多样的”;soft“柔软的”;ideal“理想的”;high“高的”。故选A。
9.选C　根据上文“Urquhart spent 10 months training for the 　　　　”可知,前面描述的一系列的训练其实就是准备工作。purpose“目的”;message“信息”;preparation“准备”;suggestion“建议”。故选C。
10.选B　根据下文“taking in about 5,000 calories each day”可知,她每天摄入大约5 000卡路里的热量,这种困难是很艰巨的。故选B。
11.选A　根据下文“in a tent”可知,她住在帐篷里。accommodate“为……提供住宿”;surf“冲浪”;harvest“收获”;complain“抱怨”。故选A。
12.选D　根据上文“in Antarctica”并结合常识可知,她在南极洲,外面是狂风的声音。gentle“温柔的”;slight“轻微的”;warm“温暖的”;wild“狂暴的”。故选D。
13.选C　根据上文“the sound of 　　　　winds and the continent’s 24 hours of sunlight in the summer months”可知,狂风的声音,加上南极洲大陆夏季24小时的阳光,这对睡觉都是不利的。likely“可能的”;significantly“显著地”;hardly“几乎不”;really“真正地”。故选C。
14.选A　根据下文“her own body temperature while running”可知,她跑步时要不断注意自己的体温。notice“注意”;take“拿走”;indicate“表明,显示”;forget“忘记”。故选A。
15.选D　根据上文“Urquhart launched the Run Antarctica aiming to encourage more women to”可知,她发起“Run Antarctica”活动是为了鼓励更多的女性参加运动。refer to“提到”;apply for“申请”;carry on“继续”;take up“开始某项活动”。故选D。
16.选A　根据上文可知,Donna Urquhart进行的是南极洲跑步挑战,所以此处指体育环境。故选A。
17.选B　根据上文“Confidence is a real issue for females”可知,自信对女性来说是一个真正的问题,体育环境为女性们提供了一个很好的机会去相信自己。support“支持”;trust“信任”;prevent“阻止”;wait“等待”。故选B。
18.选A　根据下文“take on a challenge that no other woman had tried before”可知,她受到了鼓舞,才接受了一个从未有过的挑战。encouragement“鼓舞”;impression“印象”;symbol“象征”;adventure“冒险”。故选A。
19.选D　根据上文可知,Donna Urquhart的南极洲跑步挑战是在探索看似不可能的事情。represent“代表”;defend“防御”;monitor“监视”;explore“探索”。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国功夫的种类、历史及影响。
1.named　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,Kung fu与name之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作状语,故填named。
2.an　考查冠词。part作“部分”讲时是可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词修饰,important的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
3.probably　考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语,应用副词,故填probably。
4.on/upon　考查介词。be based on/upon意为“以……为基础”,为固定搭配,故填on/upon。
5.forms　考查名词复数。根据many可知该名词应用复数形式,故填forms。
6.has　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,此处缺少谓语,此处描述客观事实,时态应用一般现在时;又因主语为“Each form of kung fu”,表示单数概念,所以谓语动词用单数形式,故填has。
7.that　考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知,此处是“It is +被强调部分+that+其他部分”结构,被强调的部分是“in the late twentieth century”,故填that。
8.be found　考查语态。the influence of Chinese kung fu与find之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态。根据空前的can可知,此处应用含有情态动词的被动语态结构,故填be found。
9.wider　考查形容词比较级。根据语境以及空前的much可知,此处应用形容词的比较级,故填wider。
10.to understand　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式作定语,修饰a window,故填to understand。

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