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Section Ⅱ　“Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．a ball made of plastic bags 用________袋团成的球
2.
3．British and German soldiers英国和德国的________
4.
5．assure him of our support ______他________我们的支持
二、重点单词——写其形
1.
2.
3．another __________ behind football's global popularity足球得以风靡世界的另一个因素
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
1．surfing：“v.＋ ing”→n.　
①suffer→suffering　　　　　 　 痛苦
②build→building 建筑，大楼
③bleed→bleeding 流血
④teach→teaching 教学，授课
2．equipment：“v.＋ ment”→n.　
①encourage→encouragement　　 鼓励
②disappoint→disappointment 失望
③enjoy→enjoyment 乐趣
④amaze→amazement 吃惊
⑤develop→development 发展
五、高级词块——通其用
1．__________________　 追溯到
2．__________________ 尽情地，心满意足地
3．__________________ 以……结束
4．__________________ 破坏，消除(尤指某种感情或态度)
5．__________________ 以……为例
6．__________________ 爆发
7．__________________ 放下；记下
8．__________________ 生死攸关的事；成败的关键
1．Talk about what you think these things represent in a football game.
谈谈你认为这些东西在足球比赛中代表什么。
★represent v．代表，表示；描绘，展示
|用|法|感|知|
(“邀请”类写作佳句) It is a great honor to represent our school to inform you that we'll invite you to see an English short film.
很荣幸代表我们学校通知您，我们将邀请您观看一部英语短片。
She represents her mother as the kindest mother in the world.
她把她的母亲描绘成世界上最善良的母亲。
For the songs to choose, I highly recommend Jasmine Flower, which is one of the representatives of Chinese folk music.对于歌曲的选择，我强烈推荐《茉莉花》，它是中国民间音乐的代表之一。
(1)represent ...as ...　　 把……描绘成……
represent oneself as/to be 自称是……；声称是……
(2)representative n. 代表；代表性人物
　　　　　adj. 典型的；有代表性的
be representative of ... 是……的典型代表　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①The ______________ (represent) at the meeting appealed to the public to have control over the teenagers' mobile use.
②The mass media tend to represent him ______________ an environmental expert.
③Sometimes we will participate in some matches, ______________ (represent) our school.
(2)替换加黑词汇
④What do the shaded areas on the map mean
______________
2．The history of the game goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China.
足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。
★go back追溯到；回到；回忆起
|用|法|感|知|
The old museum goes back over 100 years, which is worth visiting.
这个古老的博物馆可追溯到 100多年前，值得参观。
Chinese tea drinking culture has a long history dating back to more than 1,000 years ago.
中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到一千多年前。
This building which has a long history can date from the Ming Dynasty.
这座有着悠久历史的建筑可以追溯到明朝。
归纳点拨 go back (to)＝date back (to)＝date from追溯到，始于
名师点津 go back (to)/date back (to)常用于一般现在时，没有进行时态，也不能用于被动语态，但可用现在分词形式作定语或状语。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①In our hometown, about 1,500 meters east of my house stands an old building ________ (go) back about 800 years.
②__________ (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.
(2)一句多译
在中国，人们种植和使用竹子的历史可以追溯到7 000年前。
③In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can ________________ 7,000 years ago.
④In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can ________________ 7,000 years ago.
3．That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。
★basis n．基础；根据
|用|法|感|知|
Trust is the basis of a friendship.
信任是友谊的基础。
(“活动介绍”写作佳句) All members are demanded to take regular training on a daily basis, more exactly, from 3 pm to 5 pm every day.
所有成员都必须每天接受定期培训，更准确地说，每天下午3点到5点。
Eye exercises are based on traditional Chinese treatment theory.
眼保健操是以中国传统治疗理论为基础的。
(1)on the basis of ... 在……的基础上；根据……
on a regular basis 定期地；经常地
(2)base vt. 以……为根据
n. 根据；基地；基础
以……为基础；依据……　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①She was chosen for the job on the ________ (base) of her ability to keep on well with others.
②Furthermore, it provides opportunities for long distance families and friends to keep in touch __________ a daily basis.
③Network virtual experiment is based ______ the realization of multi media computer technology and network technology.
④When it is based upon respect and love, our relationship can last forever.
→__________________________________， our relationship can last forever. (用过去分词短语作状语)
4．You don't need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn't have to cost much money.
你不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。
★equipment n．装备，设备，用具
|用|法|感|知|
(“动作描写”佳句) Looking at the clothing and equipment that lay scattered on the floor, Jinny bent down and began to gather her belongings.
看着散落在地板上的衣服和设备，金妮弯下腰开始收拾她的东西。
It's my great honour to have the chance to introduce our new build lab to you which is equipped with all kinds of advanced laboratory facilities.
我很荣幸有机会向您介绍我们新建的实验室，该实验室配备了各种先进的实验室设施。
The more we read, the more we are equipped for life.
我们读书越多，就越能为生活做好准备。
(1)a piece of equipment 一件设备
(2)equip vt.& vi. 装备；配备
equip ... with ... 用……装备……
be equipped with ... 配备着……
equip sb. for sth. 使某人有所准备；使某人有能力
be equipped for 对……有准备/配有装备　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①The new technology enables you to operate your 　　　　　 (equip) with the sound of your voice.
②The path to success is rocky and you need to be fully equipped __________ the trip.
③He wants to equip himself ____________ knowledge to keep pace with the times.
(2)句式升级
④He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students.
→__________________ much experience in teaching, he is well respected by all his students.(用过去分词短语作状语升级)
→____________________ much experience in teaching, he is well respected by all his students.(用现在分词短语作状语升级)
5．All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pelé did when he was a boy.
在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球——贝利小时候也就是那样的。
★content n．满意，满足 adj.满足的，满意的vt.满足，满意
|用|法|感|知|
We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.
我们切不可只满足于书本知识。
(“场景描写”典句) The children are enjoying themselves to their hearts' content on the beach.
孩子们正在海滩上尽情地玩耍。
(名言警句)It is better to be content with what one has than to risk losing everything by being too greedy.
一鸟在手，胜于二鸟在林(最好满足于现有的，以免因贪心而失去一切)。
(1)with content　　　　　　 满意地，满足地
to one's heart's content 尽情地，心满意足地
(2)feel/be content with 对……满足/满意
be content to do sth. 满足于做某事
(3)content oneself with 满足于　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Looking at his grandson, the old man smiled __________ content.
②That rich man is tired of city life, so he is content __________ (live) in the countryside.
③She stayed in the library, where she could read __________ her heart's content.
(2)替换加黑词汇
④Martina satisfied herself with a bowl of soup. __________
6．... how they use their bodies to pass, score and defend can be amazing to see ...
……他们运用身体传球、得分、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱……
★defend v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫；保护，保卫
|用|法|感|知|
It is our duty to rebuild and defend our homeland.重建和保卫家园是我们的职责。
It is the nature of mother to do all she can to defend her child from/against harm and danger.
母亲的天性是尽其所能保护孩子免受伤害和危险。
(“心理描写”佳句) Surprised and terrified, Elli and I tried all the ways we knew to drive the bear away in defense of our camp.
又惊又吓，我和埃利用尽了我们所知道的一切办法驱赶这只熊，保卫我们的营地。
(1)defend ... from/against ... 保护……免受……
(2)defence/defense n． 防护；防御；国防；防御物；答辩；辩护
in defense/defence of ... 为了保卫……；为……辩护；拥护……　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Doing exercise regularly can help the body defend itself _______ some kinds of infections.
②When the dog attacked me, I defended ____________ (I) with a stick.
③The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died ________________________.
这座纪念碑是为了纪念那些为保卫祖国而牺牲的士兵。
7．It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field.
足球打破隔阂，将赛场内外的人们凝聚在一起。
★break down破坏，消除(尤指某种感情或态度)；(机器、车辆等)出故障；失败；(健康或精神等方面)垮掉，崩溃；(使)分解
|用|法|感|知|
(写出下列句中加黑词语的汉语意思)
①You will break down if you always stay up late. __________
②What is known to us all is that the bacteria that live in the soil help to break down our waste.__________
③We were downloading learning materials when our computer broke down.__________
④Attempts must be made to break down the barrier between the two communities.__________
⑤The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.__________
break away from　 脱离；突然挣脱
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
break off 折断；突然停止；暂停
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发，突然开始
break through 冲破，突破；克服，战胜
break up 打碎；解散；结束；分手；放假　　
|应|用|融|会|
(选用上述短语填空)
⑥A fire ______________ last night, which caused a lot of damage.
⑦The room is in a mess. It must have been ______________ while we were away.
⑧The elevator ________________ and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.
⑨She is trying to ________________ the bad habit, which makes her parents happy.
⑩Don't ______________ when we are talking. Wait for your turn.
8．World War Ⅰ had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together — one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.
虽然当时第一次世界大战的战火已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球——这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。
★conflict n．武装冲突，战斗，战争；争执，争论，冲突 vi.抵触，冲突
|用|法|感|知|
For another, fashion is an essential part of our life, which isn't in conflict with our studies.
另一方面，时尚是我们生活中必不可少的一部分，这与我们的学业并不冲突。
It is natural to come into conflict with others in everyday life, but we should settle them in a peaceful way.
在日常生活中与他人发生冲突是很正常的，但我们应该以和平的方式解决冲突。
(“建议”类写作佳句) While conflicting with your friend, it is important to keep calm and put yourself in his place.
当和你的朋友发生冲突时，重要的是要保持冷静并站在对方的立场考虑问题。
(1)in conflict with ... 和……有矛盾，与……冲突
come into conflict with ... 与……争执/冲突
(2)conflict with ... (思想、说法等)与……冲突　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①He holds firm opinions which usually conflict __________ my own.
②They came __________ conflict with the local villagers because of a heated quarrel.
(2)完成句子
③A major goal of the UN is to help ____________________ and end wars.
联合国的一个主要目标是帮助防止冲突并结束战争。
1．Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!
想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！
given that引导条件状语从句，意为“考虑到；鉴于”。其他常见的有类似用法的还有：
considering (that) ... 考虑到，就……而言，鉴于
seeing (that) ... 　　 鉴于，考虑到
provided/providing (that) ... 如果，假如，在……条件下
supposing (that) ... 假定，假设，设想
We will be there before 10 o'clock, provided/providing that we don't waste time.
假如我们不浪费时间的话，我们可以在十点之前到那儿。
Supposing that you are wrong, what will you do then？假设你错了，那你会怎么做？
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①Thinking about the need to get the roof repaired, I think we paid too much for the house.
→____________ we needed to get the roof repaired, I think we paid too much for the house.
②He can come with us, if he pays for his own meals.
→He can come with us, ________________ he pays for his own meals.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③考虑到外面在下雨，我们最好待在室内。
________________________________________________________________________，
we'd better stay indoors.
④假如我懂电脑，我就不用因这些小事情麻烦你了。
________________________________________________， I won't trouble you with such small things.
2．Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, where the game was given new rules.
我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国，在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
as we know it today为 as引导的方式状语从句，as意为“正如，按照”，常与just, exactly连用。相当于as it exists now或as it is currently understood。as的常见用法有：
(1)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。
(2)as引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样”。
(3)as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着；一边……一边……”。
(4)as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，需注意从句中可用倒装句式。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①Although I was anxious, I could barely see his figure.
→________________________， I could barely see his figure.
②Life as it is currently understood needs water and oxygen.
→Life ______________________ needs water and oxygen.
③With time going on, he contented himself with a simple life.
→________________________， he contented himself with a simple life.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④我们今天所知道的世界将会是一个完全不同的地方。
The world ____________________ will be a completely different place.
⑤尽管他们很累，他们还是熬夜准备报告。
________________________， they stayed up preparing the report.
⑥因为我正忙着准备期末考试，我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。
______________________________， I didn't reply to your email as soon as I received it.
3．①It is fun enough to attract millions of people.
其精彩程度足以吸引数以百万计的人。
②That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。
感知将学语法——动词不定式作定语和结果状语
句①中动词不定式短语to attract millions of people作结果状语；句②中动词不定式短语to play作后置定语，修饰game。
③The boy is old enough to go to school.(不定式作结果状语)
那个小男孩足够大，可以上学了。
④I'm very busy today. I have a lot of work to do.(不定式作后置定语)
我今天很忙，我有许多工作要做。
课文缩写
七选五根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
These days，football is one of the most popular sports in the world.
__1__ It is also a game that is very cheap to play. You don't need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn't have to cost much money. __2__ It is fun enough to attract millions of people.
__3__It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field. __4__ World WarⅠhad broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together — one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.
For many people, football is considered to be a matter of life and death.__5__
A．It is much more than just a sport.
B．Football as we know it today started in Great Britain.
C．Take，for example，the famous football game on Christmas Day 1914.
D．That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
E．What's more，football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate.
F．In a word, football on the court takes on not only much creativity, but excitement to people.
G．Another factor behind football's global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field.
[答题区]　1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________,
Section Ⅱ
课前词汇默写
一、1.塑料　2.①逆转　②缠绕　③扭曲变形　3.士兵
4．①战乱　②冲突　5.向；保证
二、1.①goal　②goal　2.①content　②content　③content　3.factor
三、1.①surfing　②surf　2.①represent　②representative
3．①basis　②base　4.①equipment　②equip　5.①defend
②defence　6.①death　②die　③dying
五、1.go back (to)　2.to one's heart's content　3.end with
4．break down　5.take ... for example　6.break out
7．put down　8.a matter of life and death
核心词汇突破
1．①representatives　②as　③representing　④represent
2．①going　②Dating　③go back (to)
④date from/date back to
3．①basis　②on　③on　④Based upon respect and love
4．①equipment　②for　③with
④Equipped with; Equipping himself with
5．①with　②to live　③to　④contented
6．①against/from　②myself
③in defence/defense of their country
7．①垮掉　②(使)分解　③出故障　④消除　⑤失败
⑥broke out　⑦broken into　⑧broke down
⑨break away from　⑩break in
8．①with　②into　③prevent conflicts
重点句式解构
1．①Given/Considering/Seeing that
②provided/providing/supposing (that)
③Given/Seeing/Considering that it's raining outside
④Providing/Provided/Supposing that I have a knowledge of computer
2．①Anxious as I was　②as we know it today
③As time went on　④as we know it today
⑤Tired as they were
⑥As I was busy preparing for my final exam
随堂融通训练
1～5　DGECA(共135张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　“Understanding ideas”
的新知学习环节
目 录
课前词汇默写
核心词汇突破
重点句式解构
课时跟踪检测
随堂融通训练
课前词汇默写
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．a ball made of plastic bags　　 用 袋团成的球
塑料
逆转
缠绕
扭曲变形
3．British and German soldiers 英国和德国的_____
5．assure him of our support 他 我们的支持
士兵
战乱
冲突
向
保证
二、重点单词——写其形
3．another behind football's global popularity
足球得以风靡世界的另一个因素
goal
goal
content
content
content
factor
三、活用单词——悉其变
surfing
surf
represent
representative
basis
base
equipment
equip
defend
defence
death
die
dying
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
1．surfing：“v.＋-ing”→n.　
①suffer→suffering　　　　　 　 痛苦
②build→building 建筑，大楼
③bleed→bleeding 流血
④teach→teaching 教学，授课
2．equipment：“v.＋-ment”→n.　
①encourage→encouragement　　 鼓励
②disappoint→disappointment 失望
③enjoy→enjoyment 乐趣
④amaze→amazement 吃惊
⑤develop→development 发展
五、高级词块——通其用
1． 　　　　　　　 追溯到
2． 尽情地，心满意足地
3． 以……结束
4． 破坏，消除(尤指某种感情或态度)
go back (to)
to one's heart's content
end with
break down
5． 以……为例
6． 爆发
7． 放下；记下
8． 生死攸关的事；成败的关键
take ...for example
break out
put down
a matter of life and death
核心词汇突破
1．Talk about what you think these things represent in a football game.
谈谈你认为这些东西在足球比赛中代表什么。
★represent v．代表，表示；描绘，展示
|用|法|感|知|
(“邀请”类写作佳句) It is a great honor to represent our school to inform you that we'll invite you to see an English short film.
很荣幸代表我们学校通知您，我们将邀请您观看一部英语短片。
She represents her mother as the kindest mother in the world.
她把她的母亲描绘成世界上最善良的母亲。
For the songs to choose, I highly recommend Jasmine Flower, which is one of the representatives of Chinese folk music.
对于歌曲的选择，我强烈推荐《茉莉花》，它是中国民间音乐的代表之一。
(1)represent ...as ...　　 把……描绘成……
represent oneself as/to be 自称是……；声称是……
(2)representative n. 代表；代表性人物
　　　　　 adj. 典型的；有代表性的
be representative of ... 是……的典型代表　　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①The (represent) at the meeting appealed to the public to have control over the teenagers' mobile use.
②The mass media tend to represent him an environmental expert.
representatives
as
③Sometimes we will participate in some matches,____________
(represent) our school.
(2)替换加蓝词汇
④What do the shaded areas on the map mean
represent
representing
2．The history of the game goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China.
足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。
★go back 追溯到；回到；回忆起
|用|法|感|知|
The old museum goes back over 100 years, which is worth visiting.
这个古老的博物馆可追溯到 100多年前，值得参观。
Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history dating back to more than 1,000 years ago.
中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到一千多年前。
This building which has a long history can date from the Ming Dynasty.
这座有着悠久历史的建筑可以追溯到明朝。
归纳点拨 go back (to)＝date back (to)＝date from追溯到，始于
名师点津 go back (to)/date back (to)常用于一般现在时，没有进行时态，也不能用于被动语态，但可用现在分词形式作定语或状语。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①In our hometown, about 1,500 meters east of my house stands an old building (go) back about 800 years.
② (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.
going
Dating
(2)一句多译
在中国，人们种植和使用竹子的历史可以追溯到7 000年前。
③In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can ___________7,000 years ago.
④In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can ____________________7,000 years ago.
go back (to)
date from/date back to
3．That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。
★basis n．基础；根据
|用|法|感|知|
Trust is the basis of a friendship.
信任是友谊的基础。
(“活动介绍”写作佳句) All members are demanded to take regular training on a daily basis, more exactly, from 3 pm to 5 pm every day.
所有成员都必须每天接受定期培训，更准确地说，每天下午3点到5点。
Eye exercises are based on traditional Chinese treatment theory.
眼保健操是以中国传统治疗理论为基础的。
(1)on the basis of ... 在……的基础上；根据……
on a regular basis 定期地；经常地
(2)base vt. 以……为根据
n. 根据；基地；基础
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①She was chosen for the job on the (base) of her ability to keep on well with others.
②Furthermore, it provides opportunities for long-distance families and friends to keep in touch a daily basis.
basis
on
③Network virtual experiment is based the realization of multi-media computer technology and network technology.
④When it is based upon respect and love, our relationship can last forever.
→ , our relationship can last forever. (用过去分词短语作状语)
on
Based upon respect and love
4．You don't need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn't have to cost much money.
你不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。
★equipment n．装备，设备，用具
|用|法|感|知|
(“动作描写”佳句) Looking at the clothing and equipment that lay scattered on the floor, Jinny bent down and began to gather her belongings.
看着散落在地板上的衣服和设备，金妮弯下腰开始收拾她的东西。
It's my great honour to have the chance to introduce our new-build lab to you which is equipped with all kinds of advanced laboratory facilities.
我很荣幸有机会向您介绍我们新建的实验室，该实验室配备了各种先进的实验室设施。
The more we read, the more we are equipped for life.
我们读书越多，就越能为生活做好准备。
(1)a piece of equipment 一件设备
(2)equip vt.& vi. 装备；配备
equip ...with ... 用……装备……
be equipped with ... 配备着……
equip sb. for sth. 使某人有所准备；使某人有能力
be equipped for 对……有准备/配有装备　　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①The new technology enables you to operate your (equip) with the sound of your voice.
②The path to success is rocky and you need to be fully equipped the trip.
③He wants to equip himself knowledge to keep pace with the times.
equipment
for
with
(2)句式升级
④He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students.
→ much experience in teaching, he is well respected by all his students.(用过去分词短语作状语升级)
→ much experience in teaching, he is well respected by all his students.(用现在分词短语作状语升级)
Equipped with
Equipping himself with
5．All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pelé did when he was a boy.
在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球——贝利小时候也就是那样的。
★content n．满意，满足 adj.满足的，满意的vt.满足，满意
|用|法|感|知|
We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.
我们切不可只满足于书本知识。
(“场景描写”典句) The children are enjoying themselves to their hearts' content on the beach.
孩子们正在海滩上尽情地玩耍。
(名言警句)It is better to be content with what one has than to risk losing everything by being too greedy.
一鸟在手，胜于二鸟在林(最好满足于现有的，以免因贪心而失去一切)。
(1)with content　　　　　　 满意地，满足地
to one's heart's content 尽情地，心满意足地
(2)feel/be content with 对……满足/满意
be content to do sth. 满足于做某事
(3)content oneself with 满足于　　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Looking at his grandson, the old man smiled content.
②That rich man is tired of city life, so he is content (live) in the countryside.
③She stayed in the library, where she could read her heart's content.
with
to live
to
(2)替换加蓝词汇
④Martina satisfied herself with a bowl of soup. _________
contented
6．... how they use their bodies to pass, score and defend can be amazing to see ...
……他们运用身体传球、得分、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱……
★defend v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫；保护，保卫
|用|法|感|知|
It is our duty to rebuild and defend our homeland.
重建和保卫家园是我们的职责。
It is the nature of mother to do all she can to defend her child from/against harm and danger.
母亲的天性是尽其所能保护孩子免受伤害和危险。
(“心理描写”佳句) Surprised and terrified, Elli and I tried all the ways we knew to drive the bear away in defense of our camp.
又惊又吓，我和埃利用尽了我们所知道的一切办法驱赶这只熊，保卫我们的营地。
(1)defend ...from/against ... 保护……免受……
(2)defence/defense n． 防护；防御；国防；
防御物；答辩；辩护
in defense/defence of ... 为了保卫……；为……辩护；
拥护……　　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Doing exercise regularly can help the body defend itself ___________
some kinds of infections.
②When the dog attacked me, I defended (I) with a stick.
③The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died_______________________________.
这座纪念碑是为了纪念那些为保卫祖国而牺牲的士兵。
against/from
myself
in defence/defense of their country
7．It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field.
足球打破隔阂，将赛场内外的人们凝聚在一起。
★break down破坏，消除(尤指某种感情或态度)；(机器、车辆等)出故障；失败；(健康或精神等方面)垮掉，崩溃；(使)分解
|用|法|感|知|
(写出下列句中加蓝词语的汉语意思)
①You will break down if you always stay up late. _____
②What is known to us all is that the bacteria that live in the soil help to break down our waste._________
垮掉
(使)分解
③We were downloading learning materials when our computer broke down._______
④Attempts must be made to break down the barrier between the two communities._____
⑤The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached._____
出故障
消除
失败
break away from　 脱离；突然挣脱
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
break off 折断；突然停止；暂停
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发，突然开始
break through 冲破，突破；克服，战胜
break up 打碎；解散；结束；分手；放假　　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(选用上述短语填空)
⑥A fire last night, which caused a lot of damage.
⑦The room is in a mess. It must have been while we were away.
⑧The elevator and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.
broke out
broken into
broke down
⑨She is trying to the bad habit, which makes her parents happy.
⑩Don't when we are talking. Wait for your turn.
break away from
break in
8．World War Ⅰhad broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together — one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.
虽然当时第一次世界大战的战火已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球——这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。
★conflict n．武装冲突，战斗，战争；争执，争论，冲突 vi.抵触，冲突
|用|法|感|知|
For another, fashion is an essential part of our life, which isn't in conflict with our studies.
另一方面，时尚是我们生活中必不可少的一部分，这与我们的学业并不冲突。
It is natural to come into conflict with others in everyday life, but we should settle them in a peaceful way.
在日常生活中与他人发生冲突是很正常的，但我们应该以和平的方式解决冲突。
(“建议”类写作佳句) While conflicting with your friend, it is important to keep calm and put yourself in his place.
当和你的朋友发生冲突时，重要的是要保持冷静并站在对方的立场考虑问题。
(1)in conflict with ... 和……有矛盾，与……冲突
come into conflict with ... 与……争执/冲突
(2)conflict with ... (思想、说法等)与……冲突　　
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①He holds firm opinions which usually conflict my own.
②They came conflict with the local villagers because of a heated quarrel.
with
into
(2)完成句子
③A major goal of the UN is to help and end wars.
联合国的一个主要目标是帮助防止冲突并结束战争。
prevent conflicts
重点句式解构
1．Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!
想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！
given that引导条件状语从句，意为“考虑到；鉴于”。其他常见的有类似用法的还有：
considering (that) ... 考虑到，就……而言，鉴于
seeing (that) ... 　　 鉴于，考虑到
provided/providing (that) ... 如果，假如，在……条件下
supposing (that) ... 假定，假设，设想
We will be there before 10 o'clock, provided/providing that we don't waste time.
假如我们不浪费时间的话，我们可以在十点之前到那儿。
Supposing that you are wrong, what will you do then
假设你错了，那你会怎么做？
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①Thinking about the need to get the roof repaired, I think we paid too much for the house.
→ we needed to get the roof repaired, I think we paid too much for the house.
Given/Considering/Seeing that
②He can come with us, if he pays for his own meals.
→He can come with us, he pays for his own meals.
provided/providing/supposing (that)
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③考虑到外面在下雨，我们最好待在室内。
, we'd better stay indoors.
④假如我懂电脑，我就不用因这些小事情麻烦你了。
________________________________________________________
I won't trouble you with such small things.
Given/Seeing/Considering that it's raining outside
Providing/Provided/Supposing that I have a knowledge of computer
,
2．Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, where the game was given new rules.
我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国，在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
as we know it today为 as引导的方式状语从句，as意为“正如，按照”，常与just， exactly连用。相当于as it exists now或as it is currently understood。as的常见用法有：
(1)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。
(2)as引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样”。
(3)as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着；一边……一边……”。
(4)as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，需注意从句中可用倒装句式。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①Although I was anxious, I could barely see his figure.
→ , I could barely see his figure.
②Life as it is currently understood needs water and oxygen.
→Life needs water and oxygen.
Anxious as I was
as we know it today
③With time going on, he contented himself with a simple life.
→ , he contented himself with a simple life.
As time went on
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④我们今天所知道的世界将会是一个完全不同的地方。
The world will be a completely different place.
⑤尽管他们很累，他们还是熬夜准备报告。
, they stayed up preparing the report.
as we know it today
Tired as they were
⑥因为我正忙着准备期末考试，我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。
, I didn't reply to your email as soon as I received it.
As I was busy preparing for my final exam
3．①It is fun enough to attract millions of people.
其精彩程度足以吸引数以百万计的人。
②That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。
感知将学语法——动词不定式作定语和结果状语
句①中动词不定式短语to attract millions of people作结果状语；句②中动词不定式短语to play作后置定语，修饰game。
③The boy is old enough to go to school.(不定式作结果状语)
那个小男孩足够大，可以上学了。
④I'm very busy today. I have a lot of work to do.(不定式作后置定语)
我今天很忙，我有许多工作要做。
随堂融通训练
根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
These days，football is one of the most popular sports in the world.
1 It is also a game that is very cheap to play. You don't need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn't have to cost much money. 2 It is fun enough to attract millions of people.
3 It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field. 4 World WarⅠhad broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together — one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.
For many people, football is considered to be a matter of life and death. 5
A．It is much more than just a sport.
B．Football as we know it today started in Great Britain.
C．Take，for example，the famous football game on Christmas Day 1914.
D．That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
E．What's more，football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate.
F．In a word, football on the court takes on not only much creativity, but excitement to people.
G．Another factor behind football's global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field.
答案：1～5　DGECA
课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I am (满意的) to admire the mountains from below.
2．I (向……保证) you that it will never happen again.
3．The boy often went (冲浪) with his father on the sea before.
content
assure
surfing
4．The (武装冲突) between the two countries finally caused a war.
5．The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of _______(因素)．
6．I think it is every citizen's duty to work hard to achieve this _____(目标)．
conflicts
factors
goal
7．Modern (塑料的) products can stand very high and very low temperatures.
8．By a curious (意外转折) of fate we met again only a week or so later.
plastic
twist
9． (士兵) were marching up and down outside the government buildings.
10．His favourite color is blue because blue (代表) calm and it is good for mind and body.
Soldiers
represents
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Everybody who has known him must feel a great loss caused by his (die)．
2．His father always takes Lei Feng example to educate him.
3．The origin of the story can go back five hundred years ago.
death
for
to
4．She is not content her present lot and wishes to take steps to improve it.
5．We need more troops to (defence) our country against attack.
6．She found herself conflict with her parents over her future career.
with
defend
in
7．Our conclusions were drawn on the (base) of these medical reports.
8．You may wonder whether I have lots of exercise____________
(equip) at home.
basis
equipment
Ⅲ.选词填空
break down， to one's heart's content， put down， break out， end with， all over the world
1．Her granny the magazine and stood up.
2．Armed conflict may at any moment.
3．Really, the truck my dad drove often on the way, which made my dad in trouble.
put down
break out
broke down
4．His speech started with a song and another song.
5．He is a great traveller and has moved around .
6．It's a natural park where children can run around______________
.
ended with
all over the world
to their hearts'
content
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子) , we should also sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如我们打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的想法。
Just as we sweep our rooms
2．(完成句子) makes most of us get away from it.
那项运动做起来很危险使得我们大多数人远离它。
3．(完成句子)I'm only too glad .
考试及格了，我非常高兴。
That the sport is dangerous to do
to have passed the exam
4．(一句多译)我们一起在农场度过的那些天不容易忘记。
①The days that we spent together on the farm .
② the days that we spent together on the farm.
are not easy to forget
It is not easy to forget
5．(句式升级)In view of the fact that it is impossible for us to get help from others, we have to finish the project by ourselves.
→ , we have to finish the project by ourselves.(用given that升级)
Given that it is impossible for us to get help from others
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
2022 Winter Olympics were held in two areas, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou. The areas get cold in winter but get little natural snow. That meant some serious changes were needed to hold the Winter Olympics. The Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% artificial (人工的) snow and it was the first time in Olympic history.
China took water from a reservoir (水库) which helps supply Beijing's drinking water and sent it to a nearby river. To carry the water to the mountains for making snow, the country ran miles and miles of pipes.
China hired an Italian company called TechnoAlpin to create the snow. TechnoAlpin created artificial snow at several earlier Winter Olympics. For the snow in this year's Olympics, TechnoAlpin laid over 64 kilometers of pipe and brought in hundreds of snow-making machines. Even with all of those machines, making the snow for this year's Games took seven weeks.
It's useful to be able to make snow when nature doesn't provide enough. But artificial snow isn't the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. An athlete used to natural snow might have to change their style on man-made snow.
Still, the machines that make artificial snow are quite advanced. They can make several different kinds of snow depending on what's needed for each sport. For example, the snow they make for downhill skiing is different from the snow made for cross-country skiing.
In recent years, it has become more and more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events. That's true even in places that used to have a lot of snow naturally. Some artificial snow was used in the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014 because of warm weather. In the 2018 Games in South Korea, nearly 90% of the snow was man-made.
As the world warms because of climate change, problems like this are expected to become far more common. Michael Mayr, who leads TechnoAlpin, says, “You couldn't have winter sports now without man-made snow.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。北京冬奥会几乎是在100%的人造雪上举行的，这是奥运会历史上的第一次，文章对此进行了介绍。
1．Where was the artificial snow in this year's Winter Olympics created
A．In a river. 　　　　 B．In the mountains.
C．In the pipes. D．In a reservoir.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，冬奥会的人造雪是在山上造的。
√
2．What is the advantage of man-made snow
A．It has more air and less water.
B．It is more environmentally-friendly.
C．It can improve athletes' performance.
D．It can be made for the need of each sport.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段前两句可知，人造雪的优点是它可以满足各种运动的需要。
√
3．What has made it more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events
A．Advanced technology. B．A shortage of water.
C．Air pollution. D．Climate change.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，气候变化使得在冬季体育赛事中使用人造雪变得更加普遍。
√
√
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Future of the Winter Olympic Games
B．The History of Man-Made Snow for Winter Sports
C．The Man-Made Snow Behind China's WinterOlympics
D．The Secret to Creating Artificial Snow for Winter Sports
解析：标题归纳题。通览全文，尤其是第一段最后一句“The Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% artificial (人工的) snow and it was the first time in Olympic history.”可知，文章主要是讲中国冬奥会上的人造雪，C项“中国冬奥会背后的人造雪”最适合作文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Pooja Rani entered the boxing area at age 18 all thanks to her coach Sanjay Kumar. However, even with much 5 ， Pooja felt shy to wear the boxing gloves. She also knew that her father would not 6 her taking up this “violent” sport. But Pooja went after her interest 7 anyway until one day when 8 came to her father—he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport.
“My father wasn't 9 of boxing because he thought it violent. He didn't 10 me playing other sports but boxing was a 11 no-go zone，” Pooja said. It then took six months of continuous 12 from Pooja and her coach Sanjay to 13 her father to change his attitude.
She won the National Youth Boxing Championship (锦标赛) in 2009, which 14 her career on an upward path. She bagged back-to-back medals and was qualified for the Rio Olympics later. Unstoppable as she was, her wins came to a 15 for some reason. It took her a whole year to get back on 16 . Pooja returned in an impressive way, winning gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021.This 17 her to be the first woman boxer to 18 the title. Given the road she took to get here, for us, Pooja is 19 the “queen of boxing”．
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文， 主要讲述的是Pooja Rani克服职业生涯中的困难，最终成为“拳击女王”的故事。
5．A.attention　　　　　 B．encouragement
C．assistance D．success
解析：根据下文中的“Pooja felt shy to wear the boxing gloves”可知，一开始，即使收到许多鼓励，Pooja 还是不好意思戴上拳击手套。
√
6．A.go over B．approve of
C．take in D．turn up
解析：根据下文中的“boxing was a no-go zone”可知，Pooja的父亲不支持她从事这项“暴力”运动。
√
7．A.in secret B．in despair
C．in advance D．in person
解析：根据下文中的“he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport”可知，Pooja在偷偷地追求自己的爱好。
√
8．A.reward B．warning
C．word D．police
解析：根据上文中的时间状语“until one day”以及下文“he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport”可知，直到有一天消息传到了她父亲那里。
√
9．A.confident B．hopeful
C．certain D．fond
解析：根据下文中的“because he thought it violent”可知，父亲认为拳击运动是“暴力”运动，所以不喜欢。
√
10．A.mind B．watch
C．keep D．leave
解析：根据下文中的“playing other sports but boxing was a _______no-go zone”可知，父亲觉得除了拳击是禁区，其它的运动可以从事，所以此处表示不“介意”。
√
11．A.common B．safe
C．strict D．quiet
解析：根据下文中的“It then took six months of continuous_____ from Pooja and her coach Sanjay to her father to change his attitude.”可知，她花了6个月的时间说服父亲改变主意，说明这项运动在她父亲那是“绝对”的禁区。
√
12．A.discussions B．demands
C．processes D．efforts
解析：根据上文中的“He didn't me playing other sports but boxing was a no-go zone”可知，她的父亲态度很坚决，不允许她参加拳击运动，故此处是指教练以及Pooja Rani在努力说服她的父亲。
√
13．A.remind B．convince
C．advise D．force
解析：根据下文中的“... to change his attitude”并结合后文提到的Pooja Rani取得的成绩可知，此处表示“说服”了父亲改变态度。
√
14．A.pushed B．threw
C．knocked D．beat
解析：根据上文中的“She won the National Youth Boxing Championship (锦标赛) in 2009”可知，她的这次成功对她的职业生涯的成功起到推动作用。
√
15．A.head B．point
C．stop D．close
解析：根据上文中的“Unstoppable as she was”以及下文中的“It took her a whole year to get back ...”可知，此处指的是她曾经“停止”过获胜，come to a stop意为“停止”。
√
16．A.stage B．track
C．show D．board
解析：根据下文中的“Pooja returned in an impressive way, winning gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021.”可知，Pooja回归后连续赢得金牌，说明她重新步入正轨。
√
17．A.prepared B．urged
C．enabled D．inspired
解析：根据上文中的“winning gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021”可知，这两次赛事的夺冠使她成为第一个拿金牌的女拳击手。
√
18．A.desire B．deserve
C．win D．accept
解析：此处表示Pooja是第一个赢得这一冠军头衔的女性选手。
√
19．A.generally B．finally
C．only D．truly
解析：结合全文的叙述可知，Pooja Rani是真正的“拳击女王”。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Football is the most popular outdoor game all over the world. It is one of the oldest 1 (game) and is played in many countries.
Football 2 helps improve concentration and creates team spirit requires a lot of physical 3 (strong). This game started from Italy where there was a village 4 (call) Rugby and according to some sources the game originated from China.
The game can be used 5 (reduce) stress and can be played by people of all ages. The game is played by hitting the ball 6 a foot so it is called football. So far, it 7 (become) a very popular game in many parts of the world. People are 8 (excite) to see their favorite team win.
There are different kinds of football rules known as “Football Codes”. However, the way that football is played is 9 (actual) similar everywhere. It is played by two teams with eleven players in each team and two judges and each game lasts for 90 minutes, with 10 break of 15 minutes. The aim of the players is to score and prevent the opposite team from making a goal.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了足球的益处、由来以及规则。
1．games　考查名词复数。“one of＋可数名词复数”为固定短语，意为“……之一”。
2．that或which　考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“Football”，并在定从中充当主语，故填that或which。
3．strength　考查名词。空前“physical”为形容词，应修饰名词。strength意为“力量”时为不可数名词。
4．called　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，在“where”引导的定语从句中，谓语动词为“was”，所以空处应为非谓语动词，且和空前名词“a village”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。
5．to reduce　考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be used to do sth.意为“被用来做……”，其中不定式作目的状语。
6．with　考查介词。分析句子成分可知，空处应填介词，并和名词a foot连用，表示“用脚”。
7．has become　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语“So far”以及主语“it”可知，应用现在完成时，且用单数形式。
8．excited　考查形容词。空前为“are”，空处应为形容词作表语，说明主语People的状态，故应使用形容词excited。
9．actually　考查副词。分析句子成分可知，空处应为副词，修饰整个句子。
10．a　考查冠词。空后为可数名词break，意为“休息”，此处表示一次休息，且break的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a来修饰。
Ⅳ.主题微写作
本文第四段先说明观点，然后再举例来证明自己的观点。这是议论文常用的写作模式。
What's more, ... has become one of the best ways for people ... it does not require ... It breaks down walls ... Take ... for example, ...
[情景迁移]　更重要的是，慢跑已经成为人们保持健康的最佳方式之一，因为它不需要昂贵的装备。以我自己为例，我每天在操场慢跑半小时。每次我完成它，我觉得我的身体得到了加强。
参考答案：
What's more, jogging has become one of the best ways for people to keep fit because it doesn't need expensive equipment. Take myself for example. I jog in the playground for half an hour every day. Each time I finish it, I feel my body has been strengthened.UNIT 3　课时检测(二)　“Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I am __________________ (满意的) to admire the mountains from below.
2．I ______________ (向……保证) you that it will never happen again.
3．The boy often went ______________ (冲浪) with his father on the sea before.
4．The ______________ (武装冲突) between the two countries finally caused a war.
5．The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of __________ (因素)．
6．I think it is every citizen's duty to work hard to achieve this ____________ (目标)．
7．Modern __________ (塑料的) products can stand very high and very low temperatures.
8．By a curious __________ (意外转折) of fate we met again only a week or so later.
9．__________ (士兵) were marching up and down outside the government buildings.
10．His favourite color is blue because blue ______________ (代表) calm and it is good for mind and body.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Everybody who has known him must feel a great loss caused by his __________ (die)．
2．His father always takes Lei Feng __________ example to educate him.
3．The origin of the story can go back __________ five hundred years ago.
4．She is not content __________ her present lot and wishes to take steps to improve it.
5．We need more troops to __________ (defence) our country against attack.
6．She found herself __________ conflict with her parents over her future career.
7．Our conclusions were drawn on the __________ (base) of these medical reports.
8．You may wonder whether I have lots of exercise __________ (equip) at home.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Her granny __________________ the magazine and stood up.
2．Armed conflict may __________________ at any moment.
3．Really, the truck my dad drove often __________ on the way, which made my dad in trouble.
4．His speech started with a song and ____________ another song.
5．He is a great traveller and has moved around ________________________.
6．It's a natural park where children can run around ________________________.
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)______________________， we should also sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如我们打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的想法。
2．(完成句子)________________________________ makes most of us get away from it.
那项运动做起来很危险使得我们大多数人远离它。
3．(完成句子)I'm only too glad ______________________________________________.
考试及格了，我非常高兴。
4．(一句多译)我们一起在农场度过的那些天不容易忘记。
①The days that we spent together on the farm __________________________.
②____________________ the days that we spent together on the farm.
5．(句式升级)In view of the fact that it is impossible for us to get help from others, we have to finish the project by ourselves.
→______________________________________________________， we have to finish the project by ourselves.(用given that升级)
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
2022 Winter Olympics were held in two areas, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou. The areas get cold in winter but get little natural snow. That meant some serious changes were needed to hold the Winter Olympics. The Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% artificial (人工的) snow and it was the first time in Olympic history.
China took water from a reservoir (水库) which helps supply Beijing's drinking water and sent it to a nearby river. To carry the water to the mountains for making snow, the country ran miles and miles of pipes.
China hired an Italian company called TechnoAlpin to create the snow. TechnoAlpin created artificial snow at several earlier Winter Olympics. For the snow in this year's Olympics, TechnoAlpin laid over 64 kilometers of pipe and brought in hundreds of snow making machines. Even with all of those machines, making the snow for this year's Games took seven weeks.
It's useful to be able to make snow when nature doesn't provide enough. But artificial snow isn't the same as natural snow, which has more air and less water. An athlete used to natural snow might have to change their style on man made snow.
Still, the machines that make artificial snow are quite advanced. They can make several different kinds of snow depending on what's needed for each sport. For example, the snow they make for downhill skiing is different from the snow made for cross country skiing.
In recent years, it has become more and more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events. That's true even in places that used to have a lot of snow naturally. Some artificial snow was used in the Winter Olympics in 2010 and 2014 because of warm weather. In the 2018 Games in South Korea, nearly 90% of the snow was man made.
As the world warms because of climate change, problems like this are expected to become far more common. Michael Mayr, who leads TechnoAlpin, says, “You couldn't have winter sports now without man made snow.”
1．Where was the artificial snow in this year's Winter Olympics created
A．In a river. 　　　　 B．In the mountains.
C．In the pipes. D．In a reservoir.
2．What is the advantage of man made snow
A．It has more air and less water.
B．It is more environmentally friendly.
C．It can improve athletes' performance.
D．It can be made for the need of each sport.
3．What has made it more common to use artificial snow at winter sports events
A．Advanced technology.
B．A shortage of water.
C．Air pollution.
D．Climate change.
4．What can be the best title for the text
A．The Future of the Winter Olympic Games
B．The History of Man Made Snow for Winter Sports
C．The Man Made Snow Behind China's WinterOlympics
D．The Secret to Creating Artificial Snow for Winter Sports
Ⅱ.完形填空
Pooja Rani entered the boxing area at age 18 all thanks to her coach Sanjay Kumar. However, even with much __5__， Pooja felt shy to wear the boxing gloves. She also knew that her father would not __6___ her taking up this “violent” sport. But Pooja went after her interest __7__ anyway until one day when __8__ came to her father—he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport.
“My father wasn't __9__ of boxing because he thought it violent. He didn't __10__ me playing other sports but boxing was a __11__ no go zone，” Pooja said. It then took six months of continuous __12__ from Pooja and her coach Sanjay to __13__ her father to change his attitude.
She won the National Youth Boxing Championship (锦标赛) in 2009, which __14__ her career on an upward path. She bagged back to back medals and was qualified for the Rio Olympics later. Unstoppable as she was, her wins came to a __15__for some reason. It took her a whole year to get back on__16__. Pooja returned in an impressive way, winning gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021.This __17__ her to be the first woman boxer to __18__ the title. Given the road she took to get here, for us, Pooja is __19__ the “queen of boxing”．
5.A.attention　　　　　 B．encouragement
C．assistance D．success
6．A.go over B．approve of
C．take in D．turn up
7．A.in secret B．in despair
C．in advance D．in person
8．A.reward B．warning
C．word D．police
9．A.confident B．hopeful
C．certain D．fond
10．A.mind B．watch
C．keep D．leave
11．A.common B．safe
C．strict D．quiet
12．A.discussions B．demands
C．processes D．efforts
13．A.remind B．convince
C．advise D．force
14．A.pushed B．threw
C．knocked D．beat
15．A.head B．point
C．stop D．close
16．A.stage B．track
C．show D．board
17．A.prepared B．urged
C．enabled D．inspired
18．A.desire B．deserve
C．win D．accept
19．A.generally B．finally
C．only D．truly
Ⅲ.语法填空
Football is the most popular outdoor game all over the world. It is one of the oldest __1__ (game) and is played in many countries.
Football __2__ helps improve concentration and creates team spirit requires a lot of physical __3__ (strong). This game started from Italy where there was a village __4__ (call) Rugby and according to some sources the game originated from China.
The game can be used __5__ (reduce) stress and can be played by people of all ages. The game is played by hitting the ball __6__ a foot so it is called football. So far, it __7__ (become) a very popular game in many parts of the world. People are __8__ (excite) to see their favorite team win.
There are different kinds of football rules known as “Football Codes”. However, the way that football is played is __9__ (actual) similar everywhere. It is played by two teams with eleven players in each team and two judges and each game lasts for 90 minutes, with __10__ break of 15 minutes. The aim of the players is to score and prevent the opposite team from making a goal.
Ⅳ.主题微写作
本文第四段先说明观点，然后再举例来证明自己的观点。这是议论文常用的写作模式。
What's more, ... has become one of the best ways for people ... it does not require ... It breaks down walls ... Take ... for example, ...
[情景迁移]　更重要的是，慢跑已经成为人们保持健康的最佳方式之一，因为它不需要昂贵的装备。以我自己为例，我每天在操场慢跑半小时。每次我完成它，我觉得我的身体得到了加强。
UNIT 3　课时检测(二)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.content　2.assure　3.surfing　4.conflicts　5.factors
6.goal　7.plastic　8.twist　9.Soldiers　10.represents
Ⅱ.1.death　2.for　3.to　4.with　5.defend　6.in　7.basis
8.equipment
Ⅲ.1.put down　2.break out　3.broke down　4.ended with
5.all over the world　6.to their hearts’ content
Ⅳ.1.Just as we sweep our rooms
2.That the sport is dangerous to do
3.to have passed the exam
4.①are not easy to forget　②It is not easy to forget
5.Given that it is impossible for us to get help from others
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。北京冬奥会几乎是在100%的人造雪上举行的,这是奥运会历史上的第一次,文章对此进行了介绍。
1.选B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,冬奥会的人造雪是在山上造的。
2.选D　细节理解题。根据第五段前两句可知,人造雪的优点是它可以满足各种运动的需要。
3.选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知,气候变化使得在冬季体育赛事中使用人造雪变得更加普遍。
4.选C　标题归纳题。通览全文,尤其是第一段最后一句“The Winter Olympics took place on almost 100% artificial (人工的) snow and it was the first time in Olympic history.”可知,文章主要是讲中国冬奥会上的人造雪,C项“中国冬奥会背后的人造雪”最适合作文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文, 主要讲述的是Pooja Rani克服职业生涯中的困难,最终成为“拳击女王”的故事。
5.选B　根据下文中的“Pooja felt shy to wear the boxing gloves”可知,一开始,即使收到许多鼓励,Pooja 还是不好意思戴上拳击手套。
6.选B　根据下文中的“boxing was a 　　　no go zone”可知,Pooja的父亲不支持她从事这项“暴力”运动。
7.选A　根据下文中的“he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport”可知,Pooja在偷偷地追求自己的爱好。
8.选C　根据上文中的时间状语“until one day”以及下文“he discovered the truth and stopped her playing the sport”可知,直到有一天消息传到了她父亲那里。
9.选D　根据下文中的“because he thought it violent”可知,父亲认为拳击运动是“暴力”运动,所以不喜欢。
10.选A　根据下文中的“playing other sports but boxing was a 　　　　no go zone”可知,父亲觉得除了拳击是禁区,其它的运动可以从事,所以此处表示不“介意”。
11.选C　根据下文中的“It then took six months of continuous 　　　　from Pooja and her coach Sanjay to 　　　　her father to change his attitude.”可知,她花了6个月的时间说服父亲改变主意,说明这项运动在她父亲那是“绝对”的禁区。
12.选D　根据上文中的“He didn’t 　　　　me playing other sports but boxing was a 　　　　no go zone”可知,她的父亲态度很坚决,不允许她参加拳击运动,故此处是指教练以及Pooja Rani在努力说服她的父亲。
13.选B　根据下文中的“... to change his attitude”并结合后文提到的Pooja Rani取得的成绩可知,此处表示“说服”了父亲改变态度。
14.选A　根据上文中的“She won the National Youth Boxing Championship (锦标赛) in 2009”可知,她的这次成功对她的职业生涯的成功起到推动作用。
15.选C　根据上文中的“Unstoppable as she was”以及下文中的“It took her a whole year to get back ...”可知,此处指的是她曾经“停止”过获胜,come to a stop意为“停止”。
16.选B　根据下文中的“Pooja returned in an impressive way, winning gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021.”可知,Pooja回归后连续赢得金牌,说明她重新步入正轨。
17.选C　根据上文中的“winning gold medals at the Asian Boxing Championship in 2019 and 2021”可知,这两次赛事的夺冠使她成为第一个拿金牌的女拳击手。
18.选C　此处表示Pooja是第一个赢得这一冠军头衔的女性选手。
19.选D　结合全文的叙述可知,Pooja Rani是真正的“拳击女王”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。介绍了足球的益处、由来以及规则。
1.games　考查名词复数。“one of+可数名词复数”为固定短语,意为“……之一”。
2.that或which　考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词“Football”,并在定从中充当主语,故填that或which。
3.strength　考查名词。空前“physical”为形容词,应修饰名词。strength意为“力量”时为不可数名词。
4.called　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,在“where”引导的定语从句中,谓语动词为“was”,所以空处应为非谓语动词,且和空前名词“a village”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。
5.to reduce　考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be used to do sth.意为“被用来做……”,其中不定式作目的状语。
6.with　考查介词。分析句子成分可知,空处应填介词,并和名词a foot连用,表示“用脚”。
7.has become　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,空处应为谓语动词,根据时间状语“So far”以及主语“it”可知,应用现在完成时,且用单数形式。
8.excited　考查形容词。空前为“are”,空处应为形容词作表语,说明主语People的状态,故应使用形容词excited。
9.actually　考查副词。分析句子成分可知,空处应为副词,修饰整个句子。
10.a　考查冠词。空后为可数名词break,意为“休息”,此处表示一次休息,且break的发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a来修饰。
Ⅳ.主题微写作
　　What’s more, jogging has become one of the best ways for people to keep fit because it doesn’t need expensive equipment. Take myself for example. I jog in the playground for half an hour every day. Each time I finish it, I feel my body has been strengthened.

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