资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Using language
语法项目——省略
语境中体悟
Dave Mitchell is my best friend.He is as tall as I①.He is shy.He dare not speak loudly in public unless he is asked to②.Sometimes he is stubborn so we can see him do something③we prevent him doing④.One day, he said to me, “Beg your pardon⑤.Yesterday you asked me to clean the shoes but I didn't⑥.But I promise to⑦ this morning.” I patted him on the shoulder, and said to him, “Doesn't matter⑧！ If not busy⑨， you can do it now.” He did as told⑩.What a good boy ！
Though raised in San Francisco ， Dave Mitchell always prefers to record the plain facts of small-town life.I hope he is himself and that he stands up for what he thinks right, whatever the personal cost .
[语法入门]
①I后面省略了am，是比较状语从句的省略；
②to后面省略了speak loudly in public，属于动词不定式的省略；
③是see＋宾语＋省略to的不定式结构；
④一是省略了关系代词that；二是him后面省略了介词from;
⑤省略了主语I；
⑥I didn't 后面省略了clean the shoes；
⑦to后面省略了clean the shoes，属于动词不定式的省略；
⑧省略了主语It；
⑨If 后面省略了you are，属于状语从句的省略；
⑩as后面省略了 he was，属于状语从句的省略；
boy后面省略了 he is，是感叹句的省略；
Though 后面省略了he was，属于状语从句的省略；
是宾语从句，hope后面省略了连接词that；
cost后面省略了is，是状语从句的省略。
学案中理清
一、词法上的省略
(一)动词不定式的省略
[先感知]
①—Will you join in the game
—I'd be glad to (join in the game)．
②—Are you a teacher in this school
—No, but I wish to be (a teacher in this school)．
③—You didn't attend Tom's birthday party yesterday, did you
—No, but I'd like to have (attended it)．
④The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to (ride his bicycle in the street)．
⑤They made the boy go to bed early.
⑥The boy was made to go to bed early by them.
[会发现]
1．句①②③④为__________后内容的省略；
2．句⑤为____________________的省略；
3．句⑥为____________，谓语动词后跟带to的不定式作宾补。
[明规则]
1．某些动词后接不定式作宾语时，可以省去与前面重复的动词，只留下不定式符号to，常见的这类动词有：love, wish, like, care, hope, expect, prefer, refuse, mean, agree, want, afford, forget, remember, try, manage等。
2．某些动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时，可以省去与前面相同的动词，只留下不定式符号to，常见的这类动词有：tell, ask, advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit, forbid, expect, order, warn 等。　　
3．某些形容词后接不定式作状语时，可以省去与前面相同的动词，只留下不定式符号to，常见的这类形容词有：happy, glad, eager, anxious, willing, ready等。
4．如果不定式中含有be或完成式，通常保留be或have。
5．在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice等以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾语补足语的动词不定式，其中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，to必须保留。
(二)介词的省略
[先感知]
①Trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away.
②I have some difficulty (in) answering the question.
③They spent two months (in) finishing the project.
[会发现]
以上三个句子中都省略了介词。
[明规则]
一些固定结构中的动词 ing形式前的介词常可省略，如prevent/stop ... from doing ...， have trouble/difficulty in doing ...， spend ... in doing ...， be busy in doing sth.等。
[对点练]
1．在空白处填入适当的序号
①There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait.
②We can do nothing but to give up.
③He was noticed to leave the office.
④The city now is much noisier than it used to be.
⑤My mother wouldn't let me to go to see the film.
以上句子中，加黑部分应被省略的是：________；不能省略的是：__________。
2．补全下列句中省略的介词
⑥It was quite light and (__________) any moment now the sun would rise.
⑦There were plenty of empty seats (_________) that night.
⑧I have some trouble (__________) learning English.
二、句法上的省略
(一)简单句的省略
[先感知]
①What a hot day (it is) today!
②—(Will you) Have a rest
—No, thanks.
③(Is there) Anything else to say
④—Did you go to the museum yesterday
—No, I didn't (go to the museum yesterday)．
[会发现]
以上简单句为了使语言简洁明了，都省略了句子中的某些成分。
[明规则]
1．感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。
2．在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分。
3．在对话中，针对问题进行回答时，答语常常省略与问句中相同的部分。
　　　
[对点练]　(补全下列省略句)
①Have a seat, please!
→________________
②Looks like rain.
→________________
③Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you dry.
→________________
④Got any idea about the plan
→________________
(二)并列句的省略
[先感知]
①John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
②His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry.
③Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways.
④Jack will sing at the party, but I know John won't (sing at the party)．
[会发现]
以上并列句中省略了重复出现的部分。
[明规则]
针对并列句的第二分句：
(1)如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的部分；
(2)如果主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则两者都可以省略；
(3)如果主语相同，而谓语动词不同，则可省略主语。　　
[对点练]　(写出下列句中可以省略的部分)
①Some of us study Japanese, and others study English.__________________
②He didn't tell a lie but he did tend to exaggerate (夸大)．__________________
③My friend didn't come to school, but I wonder why he didn't come to school.__________________
(三)复合句的省略
[先感知]
①While (I was) waiting, I was reading some magazines.
②If (it is) possible, I will go to China next year.
③Where is the book (which/that) I bought this morning
④She said (that) she had finished her homework.
[会发现]
句①②中都省略了主语和be动词，构成了______从句的省略形式。
句③中省略了引导______从句的关系代词which/that。
句④中省略了引导______从句的连接词that。
[明规则]
(1)当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
(2)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that，which, who, whom常可以省略。
(3)引导宾语从句的连词that常常可省略；及物动词后接两个宾语从句时，第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略，第二个宾语从句中的that不能省略。　　
[对点练]
(1)把下列句子改为省略句
①If it is so, I hope you will have a wonderful time.
→__________， I hope you will have a wonderful time.
②The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou.
→The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild __________________.
(2)写出下列句中可以省略的部分
③Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.__________
④Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position.__________
⑤Among the many dangers which sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.__________
应用中融通
Ⅰ.将下列句子改写成省略句
1．The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.
→The burn __________________________ was red and ______________.
2．You can't force him to take charge of the project if he's not ready to take charge of the project.
→You can't force him to take charge of the project if ________________________.
3．Only some of the rescue volunteers have done a first aid course but most of the rescue volunteers haven't done a first aid course.
→Only some of the rescue volunteers have done a first aid course but ______________.
4．John will travel abroad but his brother will not travel abroad.
→John will travel abroad but 　　　　　　　　　　　.
5．She stood in the crowd as if she was waiting for someone.
→She stood in the crowd as if __________________________.
Ⅱ.完成句子(省略)
1．Be careful with cars ____________________.
过马路时要小心汽车。
2．Tom didn't come last night, but __________________________.
昨晚汤姆没来，但他应该来。
3．If you don't attend the opening ceremony tomorrow, __________________I.
如果你不参加明天的开幕式，我也不去了。
4．I have nothing to do ____________________ all day long.
除了整天看书，我无事可做。
5．____________________， we will finish the task ahead of time.
如果可能的话，我们会提前完成任务。
Ⅲ.把下面短文中可以省略的词用“—”划掉，以使行文更加简洁
Last summer, some exchange boy students and exchange girl students from Russia paid a visit to Beijing. While they were visiting the Forbidden City, they were guided by a Chinese guide. When they were asked why there are 9,999.5 rooms in the Forbidden City by legend, neither the boy students nor the girl students knew why there are 9,999.5 rooms in the Forbidden City by legend. The guide told them that it was because the number of the emperors' houses cannot be over the number of the Heaven Palace's rooms — 10,000 rooms. With curiosity, the exchange Russian students spent more than 3 hours in visiting the Forbidden City. Before the end of the visit, these Russian students were told to visit the Summer Palace the next day. How pleasant and meaningful a day it was!
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．______________　　　　 天气预报
2．______________ 到目前为止
3．______________ 极端天气
4．______________ 为……做好准备
5．______________ 与……作对比
6．be about to do sth. ______________
7．have symptoms of ______________
8．listen out for ______________
9．in a row ______________
10．combine ...with ... ______________
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What's the weather in Anchorage？(　　)
A．It's very hot.
B．It's extremely cold.
C．It's very wet and windy.
2．Which city will face high temperature？(　　)
A．Phoenix. B．Houston.　C．Anchorage.
3．What natural disaster is affecting San Francisco？(　　)
A．The hurricane.
B．The floodwater.
C．The wildfires.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．First let's look at Anchorage, ________________________________________________.
2．We're going to see some heavy snow over the next week, __________________________－15 degrees.
3．We all know that this time of year is hurricane season near the Gulf of Mexico, and there is a big one ____________________________________________.
4．We are all thinking about people there ______________________________________.
5．If you want to help, please listen for details about __________________________ after this report.
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面关于自然灾害的对话。
W：What are you doing, Mike
M：I'm reading some online news about the tropical storm, Anna.So far, it ①____________________ (带来巨大的洪水)to the country, and caused many people to leave their homes.
W：That's very terrible.I hope nobody has got killed.
M：Unfortunately, at least 19 people died, and hundreds were hurt after more than a week of heavy rain.
W：Is it the only country ②______________________ (被暴雨袭击的)
M：No.Surrounding countries were also affected.
W：I'm sure we need to ③__________________ (进行捐赠) now.
M：You're right.But heavy rain has stopped the government from transporting food to the affected areas, and it cut off the main highway.
W：That's horrible.I really hope there'll be no more ④____________________________ (这样的极端天气事件) in the world.
M：⑤______________________________________________ (为了阻止它们发生), be sure to do more for the environment.
W：I agree.
听力素养“漫养成”
常考听力主题之天气情况
“天气”是高考听力的常考主题，常见的考查形式有：
(1)以短对话的形式讨论天气状况，设题形式通常为What is the weather like ...或How's the weather in ...等；
(2)以独白的形式呈现一篇天气预报，然后围绕该天气预报进行有关日期、地点、天气状况等的设题。
为提高答题效率，平时应多注意积累该话题的相关表达：
fog 雾 snow 雪
cloudy 多云的 rainy 有雨的
wet 潮湿的 humid 湿润的
mild 温和的 warm 暖和的
hot 炎热的 windy 有风的
drizzle 毛毛细雨 light rain 小雨
shower 阵雨 storm 暴风雨
snowstorm/blizzard 暴风雪 thunder 雷
typhoon 台风 tornado 龙卷风
downpour 倾盆大雨 calm 无风的
freezing cold 冰冷的 cool 凉爽的
breeze 微风 moderate 风力不大的
fine/clear 晴朗的 sunny/ bright 阳光充足的
light/strong winds 微风/大风
[典例]　(2023·全国乙卷)
What is the weather like now
A．Sunny.　 B．Cloudy.　　C．Rainy.
[听力原文]
M：We couldn't ask for a better day, could we, Barbara
W：I know, Steve. There isn't a cloud in the sky. I love this time of year.
M：Me, too. The flowers are beautiful but calling for rain though.
[分析]　本题题干为典型的有关“天气”的设问形式，听录音时应注意描述天气情况的有关词汇。由女士答语中的There isn't a cloud in the sky.可直接判断答案为A选项。
|多积主题表达|
1．active volcanoes　　　　 活火山
2．the chill grey dawn 寒冷阴沉的拂晓
3．heavy rain 大雨
4．quake-hit areas 地震灾区
5．global warming 全球变暖
6．fall into/go to ruin 走向灭亡；化为废墟；
走向衰落
7．dig out 掘出；发现
8．be meant to 旨在；目的是
9．be trapped in 陷入；被困在
10．call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事
11．The disaster caused six deaths and left more than five hundred persons injured.
这场灾难造成6人死亡，500多人受伤。
12．I hope that none of your family members were injured.
我希望你的家人都没有受伤。
13．In time of danger, you must keep calm to solve the problem.
危急时刻，你必须保持镇静以解决问题。
1．So, for accurate and reliable predictions, it's best to check an official, scientific report.
所以，为了准确和可靠的预测，最好去查阅官方的科学报告。
★reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的
|用|法|感|知|
(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable person in the future.
我下定决心要以他们为榜样，承担起自己的责任，在未来成为一个可靠的人。
(“人物描述”典句)Gorge is very reliable — if he says he'll do something, he'll do it.
乔治非常可靠——如果他说他要做什么，他就会去做。
(“人物描述”佳句)You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.
你可以信赖他，他懂得应付挑战。
(1)unreliable adj.　　　　 不能信赖的；不可靠的
(2)rely v. 依靠；依赖；信赖
rely on 依靠；依赖；信赖　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①As __________ (rely) parents, they never fail to give their son what he is promised.
②A person is said to be __________ (reliable) if what he does is against what he says.
③In ancient times, people __________ observation to predict the weather.
在古代，人们依靠观察来预测天气。
2．International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country.
国际救援队很快就开始抵达该国。
★rescue v．& n．营救，解救，援救
|用|法|感|知|
(“动作描写”佳句)Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.
消防队员撞开门，把他们救了出来。
My teacher rescued me from an embarrassing situation.
正感到尴尬时，我的老师为我解了围。
Rescue teams are using thermal imaging to locate survivors of the earthquake.
救援队伍正利用热成像确定地震幸存者的位置。
[归纳点拨]
rescue sb./sth. from　 从……中救出某人/某物
go/come to sb.'s rescue＝go/come to the rescue of sb.
进行援救，营救某人
make a rescue 实施救援 　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①The firemen rescued three children __________ the burning building.
②It was you who made __________ rescue in time, which gave us a second life.
③The child who fell into the river would have died if the young man hadn't ______________________________.
要不是那个年轻人相救，落水的孩子早就没命了。
(2)替换加黑词汇
④The captain saved the man from drowning. __________
3．Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
由于短时间内异常严重的降雪，它们摧毁了建筑物和森林，并夺走了256条生命。
★claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；声称，断言；索取 n．声称；索取
|用|法|感|知|
The flood claimed hundreds of lives.
洪水夺去了几百人的生命。
They claimed that such a delay wouldn't hurt anyone.
他们声称这样的延期不会伤害任何人。
You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.
如果货物有损坏，你可以要求退钱。
[归纳点拨]
(1)claim to be/do sth.　　 声称要做某事
claim that ... 声称……
(2)make a claim (to/for) 对……提出要求；认领
have a claim on/to 有对……的要求权　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空)
①Does anyone make a claim __________ this book
②He claimed __________ (be) a scholar but was not such.
③It __________ (claim) that hundreds of people who were desperate to attend the concert were turned away from the stadium because it was full last night.
4．It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
它导致了严重的粮食危机，威胁到950多万人的生计。
★threaten v．威胁到，危及；预示凶兆；有……危险
|用|法|感|知|
Climate change threatens the survival of many species.
气候变化威胁到很多物种的生存。
They threatened to cancel the whole project at a stroke.
他们威胁要一下子砍掉整个项目。
(“背景描写”佳句)The clouds threatened rain.
乌云密布预示大雨将至。
[归纳点拨]
(1)threaten sb.to do sth.　　　 威胁某人做某事
threaten to do sth. 威胁做某事
(2)threat n. 威胁；恐吓
under threat 遭受威胁
threat to 对……的威胁　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①He said they had threatened __________ (destroy) the old building.
②What is the biggest threat __________ traditional media
(2)一句多译
这个地区正受到商业开发商的威胁。
③The area is ______________ from commercial developers.
④The area is __________ by commercial developers.
Section Ⅲ
语法专题突破
学案中理清 　
一、[会发现]　1.不定式　2.不定式符号to　3.被动结构
[对点练]　1.②⑤　①③④　2.⑥at　⑦on　⑧in
二、(一)[对点练]　①You have a seat, please！　②It looks like rain.
③Let's do the dishes. I'll wash them/the dishes and you dry them/the dishes.
④Have you got any idea about the plan
(二)[对点练]　①others后的study　②he
③he didn't come to school
(三)[会发现]　状语　定语　宾语
[对点练]　①If so　②as in Guangzhou　③that　④that
⑤which
应用中融通 　
Ⅰ.1.she got from the iron; very painful　2.he's not ready to
3．most haven't　4.his brother will not
5．waiting for someone
Ⅱ.1.when crossing the road　2.he was supposed to
3．neither/nor will 　4.but read books　5.If possible
Ⅲ. Last summer, some exchange boy students and exchange girl students from Russia paid a visit to Beijing. While they were visiting the Forbidden City, they were guided by a Chinese guide. When they were asked why there are 9,999.5 rooms in the Forbidden City by legend, neither the boy students nor the girl students knew why there are 9，999.5 rooms in the Forbidden City by legend. The guide told them that it was because the number of the emperors' houses cannot be over the number of the Heaven Palace's rooms — 10,000 rooms. With curiosity, the exchange Russian students spent more than 3 hours in visiting the Forbidden City. Before the end of the visit, these Russian students were told to visit the Summer Palace the next day. How pleasant and meaningful a day it was！
听力发掘训练
一、1.weather report　2.so far　3.extreme weather
4．get ready for　5.in contrast to　6.即将做某事
7．有……的症状　8.留神等着听　9.连续地
10．结合……和……
二、1～3　BAC
三、1.where there is some unusually cold weather for this time of year
2．with temperatures staying around
3．coming our way across the Atlantic
4．who have lost their homes and belongings
5．how to make a donation
四、①has brought huge floods　②hit by the storm
③make a donation　④such extreme weather events
⑤To prevent/stop/keep them from happening
新知深化学习
1．①reliable　②unreliable　③relied on
2．①from　②a　③gone/come to his rescue　④rescued
3．①to/for　②to be　③is claimed
4．①to destroy　②to　③under threat　④threatened(共120张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using language
目 录
语法专题突破
听力发掘训练
新知深化学习
课时跟踪检测
语法专题突破
语法项目——省略
语境中体悟
Dave Mitchell is my best friend.He is as tall as I①.He is shy.He dare not speak loudly in public unless he is asked to②.Sometimes he is stubborn so we can see him do something③we prevent him doing④.One day, he said to me, “Beg your pardon⑤.Yesterday you asked me to clean the shoes but I didn't⑥.But I promise to⑦ this morning.”
I patted him on the shoulder, and said to him, “Doesn't matter⑧！ If not busy⑨， you can do it now.” He did as told⑩.What a good boy ！
Though raised in San Francisco ， Dave Mitchell always prefers to record the plain facts of small-town life.I hope he is himself and that he stands up for what he thinks right, whatever the personal cost .
[语法入门]
①I后面省略了am，是比较状语从句的省略；
②to后面省略了speak loudly in public，属于动词不定式的省略；
③是see＋宾语＋省略to的不定式结构；
④一是省略了关系代词that；二是him后面省略了介词from;
⑤省略了主语I；
⑥I didn't 后面省略了clean the shoes；
⑦to后面省略了clean the shoes，属于动词不定式的省略；
⑧省略了主语It；
⑨If 后面省略了you are，属于状语从句的省略；
⑩as后面省略了 he was，属于状语从句的省略；
boy后面省略了 he is，是感叹句的省略；
Though 后面省略了he was，属于状语从句的省略；
是宾语从句，hope后面省略了连接词that；
cost后面省略了is，是状语从句的省略。
学案中理清
一、词法上的省略
(一)动词不定式的省略
[先感知]
①—Will you join in the game
—I'd be glad to (join in the game)．
②—Are you a teacher in this school
—No, but I wish to be (a teacher in this school)．
③—You didn't attend Tom's birthday party yesterday, did you
—No, but I'd like to have (attended it)．
④The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to (ride his bicycle in the street)．
⑤They made the boy go to bed early.
⑥The boy was made to go to bed early by them.
[会发现]
1．句①②③④为________后内容的省略；
2．句⑤为______________的省略；
3．句⑥为__________，谓语动词后跟带to的不定式作宾补。
不定式
不定式符号to
被动结构
[明规则]
1．某些动词后接不定式作宾语时，可以省去与前面重复的动词，只留下不定式符号to，常见的这类动词有：love, wish, like, care, hope, expect, prefer, refuse, mean, agree, want, afford, forget, remember, try, manage等。
2．某些动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时，可以省去与前面相同的动词，只留下不定式符号to，常见的这类动词有：tell, ask, advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit, forbid, expect, order, warn 等。
3．某些形容词后接不定式作状语时，可以省去与前面相同的动词，只留下不定式符号to，常见的这类形容词有：happy, glad, eager, anxious, willing, ready等。
4．如果不定式中含有be或完成式，通常保留be或have。
5．在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice等以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾语补足语的动词不定式，其中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，to必须保留。　　
(二)介词的省略
[先感知]
①Trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away.
②I have some difficulty (in) answering the question.
③They spent two months (in) finishing the project.
[会发现]
以上三个句子中都省略了介词。
[明规则]
一些固定结构中的动词 ing形式前的介词常可省略，如prevent/stop ... (from) doing ...， have trouble/difficulty (in) doing ...， spend ...(in) doing ...， be busy (in) doing sth.等。
[对点练]
1．在空白处填入适当的序号
①There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to wait.
②We can do nothing but to give up.
③He was noticed to leave the office.
④The city now is much noisier than it used to be.
⑤My mother wouldn't let me to go to see the film.
以上句子中，加蓝部分应被省略的是：______；不能省略的是：_______。
②⑤
①③④
2．补全下列句中省略的介词
⑥It was quite light and (___) any moment now the sun would rise.
⑦There were plenty of empty seats (___) that night.
⑧I have some trouble (___) learning English.
at
on
in
二、句法上的省略
(一)简单句的省略
[先感知]
①What a hot day (it is) today!
②—(Will you) Have a rest
—No, thanks.
③(Is there) Anything else to say
④—Did you go to the museum yesterday
—No, I didn't (go to the museum yesterday)．
[会发现]
以上简单句为了使语言简洁明了，都省略了句子中的某些成分。
[明规则]
1．感叹句中常省略主语和谓语。
2．在一些口语中可以省略某些句子成分。
3．在对话中，针对问题进行回答时，答语常常省略与问句中相同的部分。　　
[对点练]　(补全下列省略句)
①Have a seat, please!
→_____________________
②Looks like rain.
→_____________________
You have a seat, please!
It looks like rain.
③Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you dry.
Let's do the dishes. I'll wash them/the dishes and you dry them/the dishes.
④Got any idea about the plan
Have you got any idea about the plan
→
→
(二)并列句的省略
[先感知]
①John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
②His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry.
③Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways.
④Jack will sing at the party, but I know John won't (sing at the party)．
[会发现]
以上并列句中省略了重复出现的部分。
[明规则]
针对并列句的第二分句：
(1)如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的部分；
(2)如果主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则两者都可以省略；
(3)如果主语相同，而谓语动词不同，则可省略主语。　　
[对点练]　(写出下列句中可以省略的部分)
①Some of us study Japanese, and others study English. ________________
②He didn't tell a lie but he did tend to exaggerate (夸大)．____
③My friend didn't come to school, but I wonder why he didn't come to school.______________________
others后的study
he
he didn't come to school
(三)复合句的省略
[先感知]
①While (I was) waiting, I was reading some magazines.
②If (it is) possible, I will go to China next year.
③Where is the book (which/that) I bought this morning
④She said (that) she had finished her homework.
[会发现]
句①②中都省略了主语和be动词，构成了_____从句的省略形式。
句③中省略了引导_____从句的关系代词which/that。
句④中省略了引导_____从句的连接词that。
状语
定语
宾语
[明规则]
(1)当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
(2)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that，which, who, whom常可以省略。
(3)引导宾语从句的连词that常常可省略；及物动词后接两个宾语从句时，第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略，第二个宾语从句中的that不能省略。　　
[对点练]
(1)把下列句子改为省略句
①If it is so, I hope you will have a wonderful time.
→______, I hope you will have a wonderful time.
②The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou.
→The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild ________________.
If so
as in Guangzhou
(2)写出下列句中可以省略的部分
③Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently._____
④Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position._____
⑤Among the many dangers which sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.______
that
that
which
应用中融通
Ⅰ.将下列句子改写成省略句
1．The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.
→The burn ___________________ was red and ____________.
she got from the iron
very painful
2．You can't force him to take charge of the project if he's not ready to take charge of the project.
→You can't force him to take charge of the project if _______________.
3．Only some of the rescue volunteers have done a first aid course but most of the rescue volunteers haven't done a first aid course.
→Only some of the rescue volunteers have done a first aid course but ____________.
he's not ready to
most haven't
4．John will travel abroad but his brother will not travel abroad.
→John will travel abroad but __________________.
5．She stood in the crowd as if she was waiting for someone.
→She stood in the crowd as if __________________.
his brother will not
waiting for someone
Ⅱ.完成句子(省略)
1．Be careful with cars ____________________.
过马路时要小心汽车。
2．Tom didn't come last night, but __________________.
昨晚汤姆没来，但他应该来。
when crossing the road
he was supposed to
3．If you don't attend the opening ceremony tomorrow, _______________ I.
如果你不参加明天的开幕式，我也不去了。
4．I have nothing to do _______________ all day long.
除了整天看书，我无事可做。
5．__________, we will finish the task ahead of time.
如果可能的话，我们会提前完成任务。
neither/nor will
but read books
If possible
Ⅲ.把下面短文中可以省略的词用“—”划掉，以使行文更加简洁
Last summer, some exchange boy students and exchange girl students from Russia paid a visit to Beijing. While they were visiting the Forbidden City, they were guided by a Chinese guide. When they were asked why there are 9,999.5 rooms in the Forbidden City by legend, neither the boy students nor the girl students knew why there are 9,999.5 rooms in the Forbidden City by legend. The guide told them
that it was because the number of the emperors' houses cannot be over the number of the Heaven Palace's rooms — 10,000 rooms. With curiosity, the exchange Russian students spent more than 3 hours in visiting the Forbidden City. Before the end of the visit, these Russian students were told to visit the Summer Palace the next day. How pleasant and meaningful a day it was!
答案：Last summer, some exchange boy students and exchange girl students from Russia paid a visit to Beijing. While they were visiting the Forbidden City, they were guided by a Chinese guide. When they were asked why there are 9,999.5 rooms in the Forbidden City by legend, neither the boy students nor the girl students knew why there are 9，999.5 rooms in the Forbidden City by legend. The guide
told them that it was because the number of the emperors' houses cannot be over the number of the Heaven Palace's rooms — 10,000 rooms. With curiosity, the exchange Russian students spent more than 3 hours in visiting the Forbidden City. Before the end of the visit, these Russian students were told to visit the Summer Palace the next day. How pleasant and meaningful a day it was！
听力发掘训练
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．_______________　　　　天气预报
2．_______________ 到目前为止
3．_______________ 极端天气
4．_______________ 为……做好准备
5．_______________ 与……作对比
weather report
so far
extreme weather
get ready for
in contrast to
6．be about to do sth. ________________
7．have symptoms of ________________
8．listen out for ________________
9．in a row ________________
10．combine ...with ... ________________
即将做某事
有……的症状
留神等着听
连续地
结合……和……
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What's the weather in Anchorage
A．It's very hot.
B．It's extremely cold.
C．It's very wet and windy.
√
2．Which city will face high temperature
A．Phoenix.　 B．Houston.　 　C．Anchorage.
3．What natural disaster is affecting San Francisco
A．The hurricane.
B．The floodwater.
C．The wildfires.
√
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．First let's look at Anchorage, ____________________________
______________________________.
2．We're going to see some heavy snow over the next week, ________________________________ －15 degrees.
where there is some unusually
cold weather for this time of year
with temperatures staying around
3．We all know that this time of year is hurricane season near the Gulf of Mexico, and there is a big one _______________________________.
4．We are all thinking about people there _______________________
_______________.
5．If you want to help, please listen for details about ______________
________ after this report.
coming our way across the Atlantic
who have lost their homes
and belongings
how to make a
donation
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面关于自然灾害的对话。
W：What are you doing, Mike
M：I'm reading some online news about the tropical storm, Anna.So far, it ①________________________ (带来巨大的洪水)to the country, and caused many people to leave their homes.
W：That's very terrible.I hope nobody has got killed.
has brought huge floods
M：Unfortunately, at least 19 people died, and hundreds were hurt after more than a week of heavy rain.
W：Is it the only country ②_______________ (被暴雨袭击的)
M：No.Surrounding countries were also affected.
W：I'm sure we need to ③________________ (进行捐赠) now.
hit by the storm
make a donation
M：You're right.But heavy rain has stopped the government from transporting food to the affected areas, and it cut off the main highway.
W：That's horrible.I really hope there'll be no more ④______
_____________________ (这样的极端天气事件) in the world.
M：⑤________________________________________ (为了阻止它们发生), be sure to do more for the environment.
W：I agree.
such
extreme weather events
To prevent/stop/keep them from happening
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
常考听力主题之天气情况
“天气”是高考听力的常考主题，常见的考查形式有：
(1)以短对话的形式讨论天气状况，设题形式通常为What is the weather like ...或How's the weather in ...等；
(2)以独白的形式呈现一篇天气预报，然后围绕该天气预报进行有关日期、地点、天气状况等的设题。
为提高答题效率，平时应多注意积累该话题的相关表达：
fog 雾 snow 雪
cloudy 多云的 rainy 有雨的
wet 潮湿的 humid 湿润的
mild 温和的 warm 暖和的
hot 炎热的 windy 有风的
drizzle 毛毛细雨 light rain 小雨
shower 阵雨 storm 暴风雨
snowstorm/blizzard 暴风雪 thunder 雷
typhoon 台风 tornado 龙卷风
downpour 倾盆大雨 calm 无风的
freezing cold 冰冷的 cool 凉爽的
breeze 微风 moderate 风力不大的
fine/clear 晴朗的 sunny /bright 阳光充足的
light/strong winds 微风/大风
续表
[典例]　(2023·全国乙卷)
What is the weather like now
A．Sunny.　 B．Cloudy.　　 C．Rainy.
[听力原文]
M：We couldn't ask for a better day, could we, Barbara
W：I know, Steve. There isn't a cloud in the sky. I love this time of year.
M：Me, too. The flowers are beautiful but calling for rain though.
[分析]　本题题干为典型的有关“天气”的设问形式，听录音时应注意描述天气情况的有关词汇。由女士答语中的There isn't a cloud in the sky.可直接判断答案为A选项。
|多积主题表达|
1．active volcanoes　　 活火山
2．the chill grey dawn 寒冷阴沉的拂晓
3．heavy rain 大雨
4．quake-hit areas 地震灾区
5．global warming 全球变暖
6．fall into/go to ruin 走向灭亡；化为废墟；走向衰落
7．dig out 掘出；发现
8．be meant to 旨在；目的是
9．be trapped in 陷入；被困在
10．call on sb. to do sth. 　 号召某人做某事
11．The disaster caused six deaths and left more than five hundred persons injured.
这场灾难造成6人死亡，500多人受伤。
12．I hope that none of your family members were injured.
我希望你的家人都没有受伤。
13．In time of danger, you must keep calm to solve the problem.
危急时刻，你必须保持镇静以解决问题。
新知深化学习
1．So, for accurate and reliable predictions, it's best to check an official, scientific report.
所以，为了准确和可靠的预测，最好去查阅官方的科学报告。
★reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的
|用|法|感|知|
(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable person in the future.
我下定决心要以他们为榜样，承担起自己的责任，在未来成为一个可靠的人。
(“人物描述”典句)Gorge is very reliable — if he says he'll do something, he'll do it.
乔治非常可靠——如果他说他要做什么，他就会去做。
(“人物描述”佳句)You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.
你可以信赖他，他懂得应付挑战。
[归纳点拨]
(1)unreliable adj.　　　　 不能信赖的；不可靠的
(2)rely v. 依靠；依赖；信赖
rely on 依靠；依赖；信赖　　
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①As ________ (rely) parents, they never fail to give their son what he is promised.
reliable
②A person is said to be __________ (reliable) if what he does is against what he says.
③In ancient times, people __________ observation to predict the weather.
在古代，人们依靠观察来预测天气。
unreliable
relied on
2．International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country.
国际救援队很快就开始抵达该国。
★rescue v．& n．营救，解救，援救
|用|法|感|知|
(“动作描写”佳句)Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.
消防队员撞开门，把他们救了出来。
My teacher rescued me from an embarrassing situation.
正感到尴尬时，我的老师为我解了围。
Rescue teams are using thermal imaging to locate survivors of the earthquake.
救援队伍正利用热成像确定地震幸存者的位置。
[归纳点拨]
rescue sb./sth. from　 从……中救出某人/某物
go/come to sb.'s rescue＝go/come to the rescue of sb.
进行援救，营救某人
make a rescue 实施救援 　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①The firemen rescued three children _____ the burning building.
②It was you who made ___ rescue in time, which gave us a second life.
from
a
③The child who fell into the river would have died if the young man hadn't ______________________.
要不是那个年轻人相救，落水的孩子早就没命了。
(2)替换加蓝词汇
④The captain saved the man from drowning. _______
gone/come to his rescue
rescued
3．Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
由于短时间内异常严重的降雪，它们摧毁了建筑物和森林，并夺走了256条生命。
★claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)；声称，断言；索取 n．声称；索取
|用|法|感|知|
The flood claimed hundreds of lives.
洪水夺去了几百人的生命。
They claimed that such a delay wouldn't hurt anyone.
他们声称这样的延期不会伤害任何人。
You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.
如果货物有损坏，你可以要求退钱。
[归纳点拨]
(1)claim to be/do sth.　　 声称要做某事
claim that ... 声称……
(2)make a claim (to/for) 对……提出要求；认领
have a claim on/to 有对……的要求权
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空)
①Does anyone make a claim ______ this book
②He claimed _____ (be) a scholar but was not such.
③It ____________ (claim) that hundreds of people who were desperate to attend the concert were turned away from the stadium because it was full last night.
to/for
to be
is claimed
4．It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
它导致了严重的粮食危机，威胁到950多万人的生计。
★threaten v．威胁到，危及；预示凶兆；有……危险
|用|法|感|知|
Climate change threatens the survival of many species.
气候变化威胁到很多物种的生存。
They threatened to cancel the whole project at a stroke.
他们威胁要一下子砍掉整个项目。
(“背景描写”佳句)The clouds threatened rain.
乌云密布预示大雨将至。
[归纳点拨]
(1)threaten sb.to do sth.　　 威胁某人做某事
threaten to do sth. 威胁做某事
(2)threat n. 威胁；恐吓
under threat 遭受威胁
threat to 对……的威胁　　
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①He said they had threatened _____________ (destroy) the old building.
②What is the biggest threat ___ traditional media
to destroy
to
(2)一句多译
这个地区正受到商业开发商的威胁。
③The area is ____________ from commercial developers.
④The area is __________ by commercial developers.
under threat
threatened
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Can you survive an unannounced storm Although there is expert broadcasting and we are equipped with cell phones, there're still some instances when the violent weather takes us by surprise.
While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the coast of Africa giving plenty of early warning, sudden Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico hurricanes form and move rapidly in less than a day's time, endangering everyone and everything in their path.
There have been oil workers trapped off the shore when sudden storms appeared. Field archeologists have been stuck in coastal areas without storm warning. It wasn't but a few decades ago that a Texas National Guard group was trapped on the beach by rain-forced flooding and had to ride out a major hurricane during a training exercise. There have been a few instances when travelers were trapped on an island or in a coastal area and unable to escape in time.
Escaping from the storm-threatened areas is generally a choice for most of us — but not for all. Each year thousands of islanders across the Caribbean face the danger of hurricanes without so much as a public shelter to hide in. Most ride out the storm in their homes.
But there're a few things you can do to prepare yourself for some unexpected emergencies. Being prepared for the unexpected may be your best and only defense. If you're headed to the great outdoors for a few days or weeks, you should always carry a flashlight (手电筒) with extra batteries，a GPS device (装置), and a basic medical box. If you're traveling in your car, remember you may suffer from high winds.
You'd better not stay inside to avoid being blown away along with your car. Keeping your head and your courage up is essential to survival in any type of danger. Let common sense guide you and always be prepared for the worst.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了怎样从预料之外的紧急情况中逃生。
1．According to the text, most Atlantic hurricanes .
A．form in the Caribbean Sea
B．come from Gulf of Mexico
C．develop off the coast of Africa
D．are from the Pacific Ocean
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the coast of Africa giving plenty of early warning”可知，大部分的大西洋飓风是在非洲沿岸形成的。
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The bad situations of oil workers.
B．People trapped by sudden storms.
C．The danger of traveling on an island.
D．The Texas National Guard group.
√
解析：段落大意题。第三段分别提到了“oil workers；Field archeologists；a Texas National Guard group；travelers”，并且每句话都提到了trapped或stuck，由此可知，本段主要讲的是被突发飓风困住的人。
3．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To give some advice.
B．To encourage traveling.
C．To underline the danger of hurricanes.
D．To give some warnings.
解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段首句可知，本段旨在给出一些建议——怎样为预料之外的紧急情况做准备。
√
4．What is necessary in the unexpected emergencies
A．A fast car.
B．An experienced guide.
C．Confidence in the help from others.
D．More practical knowledge of survival.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段中的“Keeping your head ...and always be prepared for the worst.”可知，保持头脑清醒、勇敢果断很重要，而且还要有相关常识，即实用的求生知识。
Ⅱ.完形填空
When natural disasters happen, there are often stories of good people who offer help, and the snowstorm hitting Buffalo, New York is no 5 .Sha'Kyra Aughtry went well beyond just making a phone call or offering a meal, and 6 one man who was lying just outside her home!
Although warned to stay at home, 64-year-old Joe White was 7 to head out to work.However, he mistook how 8 the snowstorm was and was trapped in the snow outside of Sha'Kyra's home.
Hearing cries of 9 ， Sha'Kyra looked around and 10 Joe trapped outside in the snow.Without hesitation, she rushed into the storm, risking her own life.With great 11 ， Sha'Kyra brought Joe in.Then she 12 performed first aid on him and spent an hour trying to warm Joe up.Unfortunately, Joe's hands 13 damage because of the cold.
Sha'Kyra knew that Joe needed medical help beyond what she could manage.So she 14 messages online asking for help.Soon, neighbors arrived to clear the road and 15 Joe to hospital.
Unfortunately, Joe did lose his fingers as a result, but he did 16 the disaster! And that is due to the 17 of Sha'Kyra, who took Joe into her home, warmed and nursed him, and cared for him for a few days over Christmas!
“The 18 is terrible, but to see the compassion and the love between strangers is just 19 ，” Joe said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sha'Kyra Aughtry营救被困于暴风雪中的Joe White的故事。
5．A.exception　　　　　 B．difference
C．confusion D．object
解析：根据前文“When natural disasters happen, there are often stories of good people who offer help”可知，经常有助人为乐的故事，所以在这里发生爱心故事也不例外。exception“例外”。故选A。
√
6．A.impressed B．rescued
C．attracted D．recognized
解析：根据后文可知，Sha'Kyra救了这名男子。故选B。
√
7．A.anxious B．confident
C．determined D．curious
解析：根据后文“However, he mistook ... outside of Sha'Kyra's home.”可知，他不顾警告，坚决去上班，结果困在暴风雪里。故选C。
√
8．A.powerful B．unbelievable
C．interesting D．unique
解析：根据后文“Hearing cries of ... outside in the snow.”可知，Joe没有料到暴风雪如此强大，结果被困。故选A。
√
9．A.joy B．excitement
C．anger D．pain
解析：根据上文可知， Joe被困在暴风雪中，所以他会发出痛苦的喊声。故选D。
√
10．A.explained B．discovered
C．mentioned D．announced
解析：根据前文“Sha'Kyra looked around”可知，Sha'Kyra环顾四周，发现被困的Joe。故选B。
√
11．A.forces B．talents
C．efforts D．concerns
解析：根据语境、常识和后文“Sha'Kyra brought Joe in”可知，暴风雪很大，Sha'Kyra要经过一番努力才能把被困的Joe带进家里来。故选C。
√
12．A.obviously B．immediately
C．gradually D．eventually
解析：根据语境和后文“performed first aid on him”可知，Sha'Kyra立即施救。故选B。
√
13．A.suffered from B．got through
C．came across D．fought against
解析：根据前文“Unfortunately”和后文“because of the cold”可知，由于寒冷，Joe的手受到伤害，冻坏了。suffer from“遭受”；get through“熬过(困难等)”；come across“遇到”；fight against“对抗”。故选A。
√
14．A.explored B．organized
C．requested D．posted
解析：根据后文“messages online asking for help”可知，此处指在网上发信息求助。post“发帖”。故选D。
√
15．A.present B．introduce
C．transport D．suggest
解析：根据语境、常识和前文“neighbors arrived to clear the road”可知，邻居们赶来清理道路，并把Joe送到了医院。transport“输送”。故选C。
√
16．A.beat B．survive
C．challenge D．claim
解析：根据前文“Unfortunately, Joe did lose his fingers as a result, but”的转折及后文“And that is due to the of Sha'Kyra”可知，由于Sha'Kyra的救助，Joe总算幸存，活下来。survive“幸存”。故选B。
√
17．A.dream B．responsibility
C．kindness D．emergency
解析：根据后文“who took Joe into her home, warmed and nursed him, and cared for him for a few days over Christmas”可知，是Sha'Kyra的善行，救了Joe的命。故选C。
√
18．A.adventure B．disaster
C．crisis D．destination
解析：根据前文“Although warned to stay at home, 64 year old Joe White was to head out to work.”可知，Joe在如此大的暴风雪中去上班是冒险行动。adventure“冒险”。故选A。
√
19．A.reliable B．suitable
C．helpful D．amazing
解析：根据前文“And that is due to the of Sha'Kyra, who took Joe into her home, warmed and nursed him, and cared for him for a few days over Christmas！”可知，由于Sha'Kyra的善行，救了Joe的命，对于Joe来说，这是令人惊喜的。故选D。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Hurricane Katrina has been one of the strongest storms that affect the coast of the United States during the last 100 years. Once a hurricane starts it can 1 (move) around by powerful winds. They vary from class 1 to class 5. Hurricane Katrina has been the 2 (bad) storm in the past decade in the US, having reached class 5, 3 has caused lots of damage.
Some scientists claimed that global warming was 4 (blame) for the power of Hurricane Katrina due to the fact that it is warming the oceans. Hurricane Katrina had a strong effect on the US coast. The area 5 (affect) is almost the size of the UK. New Orleans suffered 6 (severe) from damage after the hurricane. Most of the city was in water from flooding， 7 (include) expressways and bridges. Almost 2 million
people lost their power and had to wait several weeks for it to be restored. It was 8 disaster for the city. Help came from all over the United States. Many people went down to New Orleans to volunteer. Others started charity events to fund the 9 (reconstruct) of the city. It was because of all people's efforts 10 the city began to breathe again.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了卡特里娜飓风所带来的巨大危害以及造成的后果。
1．be moved　考查语态。it指代上文的hurricane，结合by可知，it和move为被动关系，位于情态动词can后面，be动词使用原形。
2．worst　考查形容词最高级。空处修饰名词storm，需填形容词作定语，结合空前的the可知，应使用形容词最高级。
3．which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面一句话，在定语从句中作主语，故需用关系代词which引导。
4．to blame　考查非谓语动词。be to blame为固定搭配，意为“该受责备”。
5．affected　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，The area和affect是动宾关系，需用过去分词形式作定语。
6．severely　考查副词。空处修饰动词短语suffered from，需填副词作状语。
7．including　考查介词。结合语境可知，名词短语expressways and bridges前应使用介词，表示“包括高速公路和桥梁”。
8．a　考查冠词。disaster意为“灾难”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一场灾难”，且disaster发音以辅音音素开头，故需用不定冠词a修饰。
9．reconstruction　考查名词。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词reconstruction作宾语，reconstruction意为“重建”，是抽象名词，不可数。
10．that　考查强调句型的引导词。“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分”是强调句的基本句型，此处对原因状语“because of all people's efforts”进行强调。UNIT 6　课时检测(三)　Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Can you survive an unannounced storm Although there is expert broadcasting and we are equipped with cell phones, there're still some instances when the violent weather takes us by surprise.
While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the coast of Africa giving plenty of early warning, sudden Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico hurricanes form and move rapidly in less than a day's time, endangering everyone and everything in their path.
There have been oil workers trapped off the shore when sudden storms appeared. Field archeologists have been stuck in coastal areas without storm warning. It wasn't but a few decades ago that a Texas National Guard group was trapped on the beach by rain-forced flooding and had to ride out a major hurricane during a training exercise. There have been a few instances when travelers were trapped on an island or in a coastal area and unable to escape in time.
Escaping from the storm-threatened areas is generally a choice for most of us — but not for all. Each year thousands of islanders across the Caribbean face the danger of hurricanes without so much as a public shelter to hide in. Most ride out the storm in their homes.
But there're a few things you can do to prepare yourself for some unexpected emergencies. Being prepared for the unexpected may be your best and only defense. If you're headed to the great outdoors for a few days or weeks, you should always carry a flashlight (手电筒) with extra batteries，a GPS device (装置), and a basic medical box. If you're traveling in your car, remember you may suffer from high winds. You'd better not stay inside to avoid being blown away along with your car. Keeping your head and your courage up is essential to survival in any type of danger. Let common sense guide you and always be prepared for the worst.
1．According to the text, most Atlantic hurricanes ________.
A．form in the Caribbean Sea
B．come from Gulf of Mexico
C．develop off the coast of Africa
D．are from the Pacific Ocean
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The bad situations of oil workers.
B．People trapped by sudden storms.
C．The danger of traveling on an island.
D．The Texas National Guard group.
3．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To give some advice.
B．To encourage traveling.
C．To underline the danger of hurricanes.
D．To give some warnings.
4．What is necessary in the unexpected emergencies
A．A fast car.
B．An experienced guide.
C．Confidence in the help from others.
D．More practical knowledge of survival.
Ⅱ.完形填空
When natural disasters happen, there are often stories of good people who offer help, and the snowstorm hitting Buffalo, New York is no __5__.Sha'Kyra Aughtry went well beyond just making a phone call or offering a meal, and __6__ one man who was lying just outside her home!
Although warned to stay at home, 64-year-old Joe White was __7__ to head out to work.However, he mistook how __8__ the snowstorm was and was trapped in the snow outside of Sha'Kyra's home.
Hearing cries of __9__， Sha'Kyra looked around and __10__ Joe trapped outside in the snow.Without hesitation, she rushed into the storm, risking her own life.With great __11__， Sha'Kyra brought Joe in.Then she __12__ performed first aid on him and spent an hour trying to warm Joe up.Unfortunately, Joe's hands __13__ damage because of the cold.
Sha'Kyra knew that Joe needed medical help beyond what she could manage.So she __14__ messages online asking for help.Soon, neighbors arrived to clear the road and __15__ Joe to hospital.
Unfortunately, Joe did lose his fingers as a result, but he did __16__ the disaster! And that is due to the __17__ of Sha'Kyra, who took Joe into her home, warmed and nursed him, and cared for him for a few days over Christmas!
“The __18__ is terrible, but to see the compassion and the love between strangers is just __19__，” Joe said.
5．A.exception　　　　　 B．difference
C．confusion D．object
6．A.impressed B．rescued
C．attracted D．recognized
7．A.anxious B．confident
C．determined D．curious
8．A.powerful B．unbelievable
C．interesting D．unique
9．A.joy B．excitement
C．anger D．pain
10．A.explained B．discovered
C．mentioned D．announced
11．A.forces B．talents
C．efforts D．concerns
12．A.obviously B．immediately
C．gradually D．eventually
13．A.suffered from B．got through
C．came across D．fought against
14．A.explored B．organized
C．requested D．posted
15．A.present B．introduce
C．transport D．suggest
16．A.beat B．survive
C．challenge D．claim
17．A.dream B．responsibility
C．kindness D．emergency
18．A.adventure B．disaster
C．crisis D．destination
19．A.reliable B．suitable
C．helpful D．amazing
Ⅲ.语法填空
Hurricane Katrina has been one of the strongest storms that affect the coast of the United States during the last 100 years. Once a hurricane starts it can __1__ (move) around by powerful winds. They vary from class 1 to class 5. Hurricane Katrina has been the __2__(bad) storm in the past decade in the US, having reached class 5, __3__has caused lots of damage.
Some scientists claimed that global warming was __4__(blame) for the power of Hurricane Katrina due to the fact that it is warming the oceans. Hurricane Katrina had a strong effect on the US coast. The area __5__(affect) is almost the size of the UK. New Orleans suffered __6__(severe) from damage after the hurricane. Most of the city was in water from flooding，__7__(include) expressways and bridges. Almost 2 million people lost their power and had to wait several weeks for it to be restored. It was __8__ disaster for the city. Help came from all over the United States. Many people went down to New Orleans to volunteer. Others started charity events to fund the __9__(reconstruct) of the city. It was because of all people's efforts __10__ the city began to breathe again.
UNIT 6　课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了怎样从预料之外的紧急情况中逃生。
1．选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the coast of Africa giving plenty of early warning”可知，大部分的大西洋飓风是在非洲沿岸形成的。
2．选B　段落大意题。第三段分别提到了“oil workers；Field archeologists；a Texas National Guard group；travelers”，并且每句话都提到了trapped或stuck，由此可知，本段主要讲的是被突发飓风困住的人。
3．选A　写作意图题。根据最后一段首句可知，本段旨在给出一些建议——怎样为预料之外的紧急情况做准备。
4．选D　细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段中的“Keeping your head ...and always be prepared for the worst.”可知，保持头脑清醒、勇敢果断很重要，而且还要有相关常识，即实用的求生知识。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sha'Kyra Aughtry营救被困于暴风雪中的Joe White的故事。
5．选A　根据前文“When natural disasters happen, there are often stories of good people who offer help”可知，经常有助人为乐的故事，所以在这里发生爱心故事也不例外。exception“例外”。故选A。
6．选B　根据后文可知，Sha'Kyra救了这名男子。故选B。
7．选C　根据后文“However, he mistook ... outside of Sha'Kyra's home.”可知，他不顾警告，坚决去上班，结果困在暴风雪里。故选C。
8．选A　根据后文“Hearing cries of ... outside in the snow.”可知，Joe没有料到暴风雪如此强大，结果被困。故选A。
9．选D　根据上文可知， Joe被困在暴风雪中，所以他会发出痛苦的喊声。故选D。
10．选B　根据前文“Sha'Kyra looked around”可知，Sha'Kyra环顾四周，发现被困的Joe。故选B。
11．选C　根据语境、常识和后文“Sha'Kyra brought Joe in”可知，暴风雪很大，Sha'Kyra要经过一番努力才能把被困的Joe带进家里来。故选C。
12．选B　根据语境和后文“performed first aid on him”可知，Sha'Kyra立即施救。故选B。
13．选A　根据前文“Unfortunately”和后文“because of the cold”可知，由于寒冷，Joe的手受到伤害，冻坏了。suffer from“遭受”；get through“熬过(困难等)”；come across“遇到”；fight against“对抗”。故选A。
14．选D　根据后文“messages online asking for help”可知，此处指在网上发信息求助。post“发帖”。故选D。
15．选C　根据语境、常识和前文“neighbors arrived to clear the road”可知，邻居们赶来清理道路，并把Joe送到了医院。transport“输送”。故选C。
16．选B　根据前文“Unfortunately, Joe did lose his fingers as a result, but”的转折及后文“And that is due to the ________of Sha'Kyra”可知，由于Sha'Kyra的救助，Joe总算幸存，活下来。survive“幸存”。故选B。
17．选C　根据后文“who took Joe into her home, warmed and nursed him, and cared for him for a few days over Christmas”可知，是Sha'Kyra的善行，救了Joe的命。故选C。
18．选A　根据前文“Although warned to stay at home, 64 year old Joe White was ________ to head out to work.”可知，Joe在如此大的暴风雪中去上班是冒险行动。adventure“冒险”。故选A。
19．选D　根据前文“And that is due to the ________ of Sha'Kyra, who took Joe into her home, warmed and nursed him, and cared for him for a few days over Christmas！”可知，由于Sha'Kyra的善行，救了Joe的命，对于Joe来说，这是令人惊喜的。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了卡特里娜飓风所带来的巨大危害以及造成的后果。
1．be moved　考查语态。it指代上文的hurricane，结合by可知，it和move为被动关系，位于情态动词can后面，be动词使用原形。
2．worst　考查形容词最高级。空处修饰名词storm，需填形容词作定语，结合空前的the可知，应使用形容词最高级。
3．which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面一句话，在定语从句中作主语，故需用关系代词which引导。
4．to blame　考查非谓语动词。be to blame为固定搭配，意为“该受责备”。
5．affected　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，The area和affect是动宾关系，需用过去分词形式作定语。
6．severely　考查副词。空处修饰动词短语suffered from，需填副词作状语。
7．including　考查介词。结合语境可知，名词短语expressways and bridges前应使用介词，表示“包括高速公路和桥梁”。
8．a　考查冠词。disaster意为“灾难”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一场灾难”，且disaster发音以辅音音素开头，故需用不定冠词a修饰。
9．reconstruction　考查名词。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词reconstruction作宾语，reconstruction意为“重建”，是抽象名词，不可数。
10．that　考查强调句型的引导词。“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他成分”是强调句的基本句型，此处对原因状语“because of all people's efforts”进行强调。

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