资源简介

Section Ⅵ　Writing
写作项目——Writing safety guidelines
本单元的写作任务是写一篇安全指南，属于说明文的范畴。文章开头一般是介绍写作的背景及写作目的，主体部分主要是提出具体建议。时态多用一般现在时，语言讲究简练，多用祈使句及简单句。
|由教材学写作|
一、学文体架构
(一)析教材课文
Part 1 (Para.1)：The purpose and significance of safety guidelines.
Part 2 (Paras.2～4)：Things to do or not to do before or during a hurricane.
(二)根据教材课文，可总结出该类文体的框架结构
二、学行文逻辑
本文布局结构清晰，一目了然。文章的第一部分说明飓风安全指南的目的与意义；主体部分按类别分层展开叙述注意事项，从三个方面提出了安全建议，并用三个标题来进行标识性分层，结构简洁明了。
三、学修辞手法
本文多处采用了“平行结构”的修辞手法，有力地强调了建议性内容，使得全文语言节奏明快。如：
①三个小标题运用了彰显对称美的平行结构：
Things to do .../ Things to do .../Things not to do ...
②第三个标题下面的安全建议也运用了平行结构，增加了语言的影响力和感染力：
·Do not go outside.
·Do not go near any glass structures.
·Do not assume the storm ...
No one can be perfectly free till all are free；
no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral;
no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
________________
________________
四、学亮点句式
(1)本文的飓风安全指南多处使用祈使句，采用的句子简洁明了，使读者一目了然。如：
·Protect your property: close windows and tape them up, and bring indoors anything that could blow away.
·Stay in the shelter.
·Stay away from windows.
·Listen to weather warnings.
(2)文章开头使用了“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，表达简洁、高效。第一段最后一句中so that引导的目的状语从句自然而然地引出此安全指南的目的。此外，全文大篇幅使用祈使句，表示劝告和警告，高度切合安全指南的写作语言特点。同时，文中还使用了条件状语从句进行了适当、合理的假设，然后主句给出了合理的建议，语气委婉、诚恳。
①It is my pleasure to offer you some advice on ____________________________________.
如何在中国家庭做客，我乐意为你提几条建议。
②Besides, it is a good idea to search for related background knowledge __________________________________________________.
此外，搜索相关的背景知识也是一个好主意，这样你就会完全理解诗歌的概念。
③______________________， I am sure you will have a great time.
如果你按照我告诉你的去做，我确信你会玩得很愉快。　　
|具体写作指导|
How to write safety guidelines——如何写一份安全指南
第一步： 构思谋篇
Part 1 Introduction (the purpose and significance of safety guidelines)．
Part 2 Main body (survival skills of different natural disasters).
第二步：要点表达
第一部分　 点明安全指南的目的和意义
1．常用词汇
①__________ vi.& n．　　　 爆发
②__________ n. 事件；大事
③__________ n. 苦难；痛苦
④__________ n．& vt. 援救；营救
⑤__________ n. 电；电流；电学
⑥__________ n. 灾难；灾祸
⑦__________ n．& vt. 损失；损害
⑧be trapped in ______________
⑨intense rain ______________
⑩flash flood ______________
over a short period of time ______________
the surrounding areas ______________
occur in an area ______________
cause great damage to ______________
2.常用句式
①Many people __________________________ when a flood strikes.
许多人不知道当洪水来袭时该做什么。
②If you __________________________， what will you do to help yourself
如果你被困在洪水中，你会做什么来自救？
③________________________ flooding is already occurring or will occur soon.
洪水警报意味着洪水已经发生或即将发生。
④If you find somewhere around you is on fire, how will you __________________？
如果你发现周围的某个地方着火了，你将怎么安全逃生？
⑤Therefore, ____________________________ to protect you from possible injuries.
因此，学习一些保护你免受伤害的技巧十分重要。
⑥When there is an earthquake, you must obey the following rules ____________________.
当发生地震时，你必须遵循以下规则来保证自身的安全。
⑦__________________ we know what to do when caught in a storm ______________.
只有我们知道在遇到暴风雨该怎么做时，我们才能生存。
⑧If you want to avoid more damage, you'd better do ______________.
如果你想避免更多的伤害，你最好按建议的做。
第二部分　展示应对或求生技巧
1．常用词汇
①__________ vt.　　　　　 使恐惧；使惊吓
②__________ n. 受害者
③__________ n．& vi. 惊慌；恐慌
④__________ vi. (使)恶化
⑤__________ adj. 狂暴的；恶劣的
⑥______________ 做好准备
⑦take cover if necessary ______________
⑧emergency survival kit ______________
⑨pay close attention to the radio ______________
⑩lead to flooding and property damage ______________
a first aid kit ______________
the typical warning signs ______________
head for higher ground ______________
2.常用句式
①If you have to walk in water, walk ____________________________.
如果你必须在水里走，那就走在水不流动的地方。
②________________________________ if your clothes are wet or you are standing in water.
如果你的衣服潮湿或你站在水里，不要触摸电器设备。
③________________________________ if the telephone is by your side.
如果电话在你身边，请拨打紧急电话号码。
④____________________________________ as large windows and mirrors if in a room when an earthquake happens.
地震发生时，避免站在房间内大窗户、镜子等附近。
⑤Don't stand ____________________________________________ in an earthquake.
地震时不要站在悬挂的物体下面或重家具旁边。
⑥People should stay at their homes ________________________________.
人们应该待在家里，直到暴风雨过去。
⑦To reduce the number of victims, we ______________________________ in the flood.
为了减少受害者的数量，在洪水中我们再小心也不为过。
⑧Keep in mind that you should __________________________________.
要记住你应该保持冷静，不要慌乱。
|随堂针对练笔|
地震是一种难以预测的自然灾难，懂得必要的避震措施，可以最大程度地减少地震对我们的危害。假定你校正在征集宣传文章，请根据你所掌握的知识用英语写一篇关于地震安全指导的宣传文章。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据括号内的汉语提示补全作文：
Earthquake Safety Guidelines
An earthquake is unpredictable and destructive. However, if you act properly, you can minimize the damage. ①_____________________________________________________ (读一下这些关于地震安全的小贴士，这样你就能幸免于难)．
Things to do during an earthquake
·②______________________________________ (尽量保持冷静，按老师的指示去做)．
·Take cover under desk quickly and ③______________________________________ (在地板停止摇晃之前不要动)．
·If you are on the playground, ④________________________ (待在原地), crouch and protect your head.
Things not to do during an earthquake
·⑤__________________ (不要惊慌)．
·Never jump off the building.
·Don't stand near high buildings that may fall down.
Section Ⅵ
三、所有的人自由后，才能完全自由；所有的人都有道德，才能完全合乎道德；所有的人都幸福了，才能真正幸福。
四、①how to be a guest in a Chinese family properly
②so that you will fully understand the conception of poetry　③If you do as I tell you
第一部分　
1．①burst　②event　③suffering　④rescue　⑤electricity
⑥disaster　⑦damage　⑧陷入；被困在……　⑨强降雨
⑩暴洪　 短时间内　 周围地区　 发生在某一地区
对……造成重大损害
2．①have no idea what to do　②are trapped in the flood
③A flood warning means　④escape safely
⑤it is very important to learn some tips　⑥to keep yourself safe
⑦Only when; can we survive　⑧as suggested
第二部分
1．①terrify　②victim　③panic　④worsen　⑤fierce
⑥be/get prepared　⑦必要时找掩护　⑧应急救生工具包
⑨密切注意电台　⑩导致洪水和财产损失　 一个急救药箱
典型的警告信号　 往高处跑
2．①where the water is not moving
②Do not touch electrical equipment
③Call an emergency number
④Avoid standing near such places
⑤under hanging objects or beside heavy furniture
⑥until the storm has passed　⑦can't be too careful
⑧keep calm and don't panic
随堂针对练笔
①Read these tips on earthquake safety so that you can survive it
②Try to stay calm and do as teachers' instructions
③do not move until the floor stops shaking
④stay where you are　⑤Don't panic(共58张PPT)
Section Ⅵ　Writing
目 录
课时跟踪检测
写作项目——Writing safety guidelines
本单元的写作任务是写一篇安全指南，属于说明文的范畴。文章开头一般是介绍写作的背景及写作目的，主体部分主要是提出具体建议。时态多用一般现在时，语言讲究简练，多用祈使句及简单句。
由教材学写作
一、学文体架构
(一)析教材课文
Part 1 (Para.1)：The purpose and significance of safety guidelines.
Part 2 (Paras.2～4)：Things to do or not to do before or during a hurricane.
(二)根据教材课文，可总结出该类文体的框架结构
二、学行文逻辑
本文布局结构清晰，一目了然。文章的第一部分说明飓风安全指南的目的与意义；主体部分按类别分层展开叙述注意事项，从三个方面提出了安全建议，并用三个标题来进行标识性分层，结构简洁明了。
三、学修辞手法
本文多处采用了“平行结构”的修辞手法，有力地强调了建议性内容，使得全文语言节奏明快。如：
①三个小标题运用了彰显对称美的平行结构：
Things to do .../ Things to do .../Things not to do ...
②第三个标题下面的安全建议也运用了平行结构，增加了语言的影响力和感染力：
·Do not go outside.
·Do not go near any glass structures.
·Do not assume the storm ...
[提能训练|翻译句子]
No one can be perfectly free till all are free；
no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral;
no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
所有的人自由后，才能完全自由；所有的人都有道德，才能完全合乎道德；所有的人都幸福了，才能真正幸福。
四、学亮点句式
(1)本文的飓风安全指南多处使用祈使句，采用的句子简洁明了，使读者一目了然。如：
·Protect your property: close windows and tape them up, and bring indoors anything that could blow away.
·Stay in the shelter.
·Stay away from windows.
·Listen to weather warnings.
(2)文章开头使用了“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，表达简洁、高效。第一段最后一句中so that引导的目的状语从句自然而然地引出此安全指南的目的。此外，全文大篇幅使用祈使句，表示劝告和警告，高度切合安全指南的写作语言特点。同时，文中还使用了条件状语从句进行了适当、合理的假设，然后主句给出了合理的建议，语气委婉、诚恳。
[提能训练|完成句子]
①It is my pleasure to offer you some advice on ________________
__________________________.
如何在中国家庭做客，我乐意为你提几条建议。
how to be a guest
in a Chinese family properly
②Besides, it is a good idea to search for related background knowledge ___________________________________________________.
此外，搜索相关的背景知识也是一个好主意，这样你就会完全理解诗歌的概念。
③___________________, I am sure you will have a great time.
如果你按照我告诉你的去做，我确信你会玩得很愉快。　　
so that you will fully understand the conception of poetry
If you do as I tell you
具体写作指导
How to write safety guidelines
——如何写一份安全指南
第一步： 构思谋篇
Part 1 Introduction (the purpose and significance of safety guidelines)．
Part 2 Main body (survival skills of different natural disasters).
第二步：要点表达
第一部分　 点明安全指南的目的和意义
1．常用词汇
①________ vi.& n．　　　　　 爆发
②________ n. 事件；大事
③________ n. 苦难；痛苦
④________ n．& vt. 援救；营救
burst
event
suffering
rescue
⑤__________ n. 电；电流；电学
⑥__________ n. 灾难；灾祸
⑦__________ n．& vt. 损失；损害
⑧be trapped in __________________
⑨intense rain _________
⑩flash flood _________
electricity
disaster
damage
陷入；被困在……
强降雨
暴洪
over a short period of time ___________________
the surrounding areas ___________________
occur in an area ___________________
cause great damage to ___________________
短时间内
周围地区
发生在某一地区
对……造成重大损害
2.常用句式
①Many people ______________________ when a flood strikes.
许多人不知道当洪水来袭时该做什么。
②If you _____________________, what will you do to help yourself
如果你被困在洪水中，你会做什么来自救？
have no idea what to do
are trapped in the flood
③______________________ flooding is already occurring or will occur soon.
洪水警报意味着洪水已经发生或即将发生。
④If you find somewhere around you is on fire, how will you _____________
如果你发现周围的某个地方着火了，你将怎么安全逃生？
A flood warning means
escape safely
⑤Therefore, __________________________________ to protect you from possible injuries.
因此，学习一些保护你免受伤害的技巧十分重要。
⑥When there is an earthquake, you must obey the following rules ___________________.
当发生地震时，你必须遵循以下规则来保证自身的安全。
it is very important to learn some tips
to keep yourself safe
⑦______________ we know what to do when caught in a storm ______________.
只有我们知道在遇到暴风雨该怎么做时，我们才能生存。
⑧If you want to avoid more damage, you'd better do ___________.
如果你想避免更多的伤害，你最好按建议的做。
Only when
can we survive
as suggested
第二部分　展示应对或求生技巧
1．常用词汇
①________ vt.　　　　　　　 使恐惧；使惊吓
②________ n. 受害者
③________ n．& vi. 惊慌；恐慌
④________ vi. (使)恶化
terrify
victim
panic
worsen
⑤_______ adj. 狂暴的；恶劣的
⑥_______________ 做好准备
⑦take cover if necessary ______________
⑧emergency survival kit ______________
⑨pay close attention to the radio
______________
fierce
be/get prepared
必要时找掩护
应急救生工具包
密切注意电台
⑩lead to flooding and property damage
____________________
a first aid kit ________________
the typical warning signs ________________
head for higher ground ________________
导致洪水和财产损失
一个急救药箱
典型的警告信号
往高处跑
2.常用句式
①If you have to walk in water, walk ___________________________.
如果你必须在水里走，那就走在水不流动的地方。
②______________________________ if your clothes are wet or you are standing in water.
如果你的衣服潮湿或你站在水里，不要触摸电器设备。
where the water is not moving
Do not touch electrical equipment
③_________________________ if the telephone is by your side.
如果电话在你身边，请拨打紧急电话号码。
④____________________________ as large windows and mirrors if in a room when an earthquake happens.
地震发生时，避免站在房间内大窗户、镜子等附近。
Call an emergency number
Avoid standing near such places
⑤Don't stand ____________________________________________ in an earthquake.
地震时不要站在悬挂的物体下面或重家具旁边。
⑥People should stay at their homes _________________________.
人们应该待在家里，直到暴风雨过去。
under hanging objects or beside heavy furniture
until the storm has passed
⑦To reduce the number of victims, we ___________________ in the flood.
为了减少受害者的数量，在洪水中我们再小心也不为过。
⑧Keep in mind that you should ________________________.
要记住你应该保持冷静，不要慌乱。
can't be too careful
keep calm and don't panic
随堂针对练笔
地震是一种难以预测的自然灾难，懂得必要的避震措施，可以最大程度地减少地震对我们的危害。假定你校正在征集宣传文章，请根据你所掌握的知识用英语写一篇关于地震安全指导的宣传文章。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据括号内的汉语提示补全作文：
Earthquake Safety Guidelines
An earthquake is unpredictable and destructive. However, if you act properly, you can minimize the damage. ①____________________
_______________________________________ (读一下这些关于地震安全的小贴士，这样你就能幸免于难)．
Read these tips on
earthquake safety so that you can survive it
Things to do during an earthquake
·②___________________________________________ (尽量保持冷静，按老师的指示去做)．
·Take cover under desk quickly and ③_______________________
____________ (在地板停止摇晃之前不要动)．
Try to stay calm and do as teachers' instructions
do not move until the floor
stops shaking
·If you are on the playground, ④__________________ (待在原地), crouch and protect your head.
Things not to do during an earthquake
·⑤____________ (不要惊慌)．
·Never jump off the building.
·Don't stand near high buildings that may fall down.
stay where you are
Don't panic
课时跟踪检测
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．People living in the low-lying areas should leave there ________________________________.
生活在低洼地区的人们应该离开那里以保护他们自己免受洪水的侵袭。
to protect themselves from the flood
2．Bend down to escape from the fire ________________________.
一旦发生火灾，就弯腰从火中逃生。
3．______________________________________________ improve their knowledge of first aid.
只有参加定期的急救培训，他们才能提高急救知识。
as soon as a fire breaks out
Only by joining in regular first aid training can they
4．________________________________________________ at the playground.
我们只需要2分45秒就可以在操场集合。
5．After the earthquake，we should leave the dangerous area immediately ___________________________.
地震发生后，我们应立即离开危险区域，以防发生强烈余震。
It takes us only 2 minutes and 45 seconds to gather
in case of strong aftershocks
Ⅱ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，请根据下面的提示写一篇英语作文，题目为Sandstorm Safety Guidelines。
1．沙尘暴的危害性；
2．遇到沙尘天气应该怎么办；
3．防止沙尘暴的方法。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答。
参考范文：
Sandstorm Safety Guidelines
Sandstorms have become a great concern for both the public and the government in recent years.Every spring sand and dust sweep the northern part of China, blocking out the sky and bringing much inconvenience and problems to people's lives and work.
When a sandstorm is hitting, you'd better stay at home with doors and windows closed.If you must go out, wear your masks and scarves.If you drive, you should drive slowly because many things can't be seen clearly.
To prevent sandstorms, more trees should be planted.Besides, governments of all countries should pass some laws concerning environmental protection.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One night the earth quaked, reducing the villages to ruins and causing hundreds of deaths.
It happened that I was away that night.I had gone to the town to buy my school books.I stayed the night at my uncle's house.We spent the entire night outside.
I came back to my village.My uncle accompanied me.Every single house, every wall, every roof had been flattened.Our house was a two-storeyed stone building.My father had died of an illness, just fourteen months before.My mother took care of us.I was the oldest.My brother John was ten.Jane, my two-year-old sister, was the baby of the family.
When the soldiers began to clear the debris (废墟), my uncle led me away.“They have taken the bodies to the river bank，” he said gently.“Come, you must perform the last rites (仪式) to the dead before sunset.Tomorrow, we will go back to the town.”
I had last seen my family while leaving for the town.They stood at the doorway and waved.John and Jane.That is the way I will always remember them — smiling and waving at me.
Jane She was not at the river bank.“They have not found her，” my uncle said.“She is dead ...”“But we must find her，” I shouted.I ran back to the village, to the spot where my house had stood, crying, searching on my knees ...
“Boy, it is no use！” a voice said.I looked up.The speaker was the Army officer in charge of the relief operation.“Whom are you looking for？” “My sister，” I said, fighting to control my tears.
He looked dirty and exhausted as if he had not slept for days.“My men have been on their feet for days，” he said softly.“They have done all they could here.Tomorrow, at daybreak, we go to another village just like this, then another ...”
(上文提到地震发生的时候，作者因为恰好不在家得以幸存，回到村庄的时候，家里的亲人都已丧生。因为士兵们还没有发现妹妹的尸体，作者坚持回去寻找妹妹，负责救援行动的军官劝告作者放弃无用的搜寻。根据段首的句子可知续写的线索为：军官回来→士兵们搜救→士兵们发现洞→士兵们清理洞→妹妹得救→作者的感受。要求逻辑通顺，情节合理。词数80左右。)
参考范文：
Ten minutes later, the officer was back.With him were three soldiers armed with spades and some other search equipment.Without a word, the men began removing the debris.It being completely dark, someone brought a few lit lamps.Two hours later, a soldier called out, “Stop！” He stood in the middle of a small hole.The wall had caved in at that spot.I recognized a part of a door.Beneath it, a small foot.
Excitedly, the soldiers began to clear the hole.Then, the door was lifted.“She is alive！” someone said.What a miracle! Cheers went up as she was wrapped in a warm blanket and carried to the tent where a temporary hospital had been set up.
[阅读拓展训练]
阅读七选五
Natural disasters come without warning, and this underlines the need for disaster management.Natural disasters may cause death or damage crops and properties without warning. Emergency management can reduce the damage and save more lives than if there are no systems set up for disaster security (安全)．
There are steps to take when you plan for a natural disaster. Here's a list of some of them：
·Ask your local Red Cross chapter or emergency management office for reminders of disasters and emergency management steps. 1 . You may also request a list of emergency steps that should be done in each type of disaster.
·Each community has its own set of emergency signals. 2 . Knowing what to do at once gives you a head start in any emergency.
· 3 . Include discussions on what is likely to happen and what should be done in such cases. Plan how each one of you will react and what are the responsibilities of each one, in order to be able to work as a team.
·Set a meeting place in case of a natural disaster. It should be one within the vicinity (附近)
of your workplace or home, and one outside your immediate vicinity. 4 . Agree on an emergency telephone that everyone should try to call.
·Prepare a disaster supply toolbox. Stock it with first aid supplies. 5 . Prepare emergency lights like flashlights with batteries. Include a battery-powered radio in the kit so you can listen to updates.
A．Find out what they sound like and what they mean
B．Discuss the dangers of different types of naturaldisasters
C．Try to understand why these signals sound unfamiliar to you
D．Everyone should try to reach there when a natural disaster happens
E．Prepare some water and food that should be enough for three days
F．Find out any disaster management plan that your community has
G．This is also the best time to ask what kind of disaster may likely take place
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当你计划应对自然灾害时，要采取的步骤。
1．选G　根据空前一句“向当地红十字会或应急管理办公室询问灾害提醒和应急管理措施”可知，G选项“这也是询问可能发生何种灾难的最佳时机”符合语境。
2．选A　根据空前一句“每个社区都有自己的一套应急信号”可知， A选项“弄清楚它们听起来像什么，它们是什么意思”，是了解应急信号的方式，符合本段主旨。
3．选B　根据空后一句“包括讨论在这种情况下可能会发生什么以及应该做什么”可知，B选项“讨论不同类型的自然灾害的危险”符合语境，且空后的discussions呼应B项中的Discuss。
4．选D　根据空前一句“它应该是一个在你的工作场所或家附近，一个在你紧邻场所的外面”可知， D选项“当自然灾害发生时，每个人都应该设法到达那里”符合语境。
5．选E　根据本段主题句“Prepare a disaster supply toolbox.(准备一个灾害应急工具箱)”可知，E选项“准备一些足够三天用的水和食物”符合语境。UNIT 6　课时检测(六)　Writing
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．People living in the low-lying areas should leave there ____________________________________.
生活在低洼地区的人们应该离开那里以保护他们自己免受洪水的侵袭。
2．Bend down to escape from the fire __________________________________________.
一旦发生火灾，就弯腰从火中逃生。
3．________________________________________ improve their knowledge of first aid.
只有参加定期的急救培训，他们才能提高急救知识。
4．__________________________________________ at the playground.
我们只需要2分45秒就可以在操场集合。
5．After the earthquake，we should leave the dangerous area immediately _________________.
地震发生后，我们应立即离开危险区域，以防发生强烈余震。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，请根据下面的提示写一篇英语作文，题目为Sandstorm Safety Guidelines。
1．沙尘暴的危害性；
2．遇到沙尘天气应该怎么办；
3．防止沙尘暴的方法。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Sandstorm Safety Guidelines
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One night the earth quaked, reducing the villages to ruins and causing hundreds of deaths.
It happened that I was away that night.I had gone to the town to buy my school books.I stayed the night at my uncle's house.We spent the entire night outside.
I came back to my village.My uncle accompanied me.Every single house, every wall, every roof had been flattened.Our house was a two-storeyed stone building.My father had died of an illness, just fourteen months before.My mother took care of us.I was the oldest.My brother John was ten.Jane, my two-year-old sister, was the baby of the family.
When the soldiers began to clear the debris (废墟), my uncle led me away.“They have taken the bodies to the river bank，” he said gently.“Come, you must perform the last rites (仪式) to the dead before sunset.Tomorrow, we will go back to the town.”
I had last seen my family while leaving for the town.They stood at the doorway and waved.John and Jane.That is the way I will always remember them — smiling and waving at me.
Jane She was not at the river bank.“They have not found her，” my uncle said.“She is dead ...”“But we must find her，” I shouted.I ran back to the village, to the spot where my house had stood, crying, searching on my knees ...
“Boy, it is no use！” a voice said.I looked up.The speaker was the Army officer in charge of the relief operation.“Whom are you looking for？” “My sister，” I said, fighting to control my tears.
He looked dirty and exhausted as if he had not slept for days.“My men have been on their feet for days，” he said softly.“They have done all they could here.Tomorrow, at daybreak, we go to another village just like this, then another ...”
(上文提到地震发生的时候，作者因为恰好不在家得以幸存，回到村庄的时候，家里的亲人都已丧生。因为士兵们还没有发现妹妹的尸体，作者坚持回去寻找妹妹，负责救援行动的军官劝告作者放弃无用的搜寻。根据段首的句子可知续写的线索为：军官回来→士兵们搜救→士兵们发现洞→士兵们清理洞→妹妹得救→作者的感受。要求逻辑通顺，情节合理。词数80左右。)
Ten minutes later, the officer was back.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
[阅读拓展训练]
阅读七选五
Natural disasters come without warning, and this underlines the need for disaster management.Natural disasters may cause death or damage crops and properties without warning. Emergency management can reduce the damage and save more lives than if there are no systems set up for disaster security (安全)．
There are steps to take when you plan for a natural disaster. Here's a list of some of them：
·Ask your local Red Cross chapter or emergency management office for reminders of disasters and emergency management steps. __1__. You may also request a list of emergency steps that should be done in each type of disaster.
·Each community has its own set of emergency signals. __2__. Knowing what to do at once gives you a head start in any emergency.
·__3__. Include discussions on what is likely to happen and what should be done in such cases. Plan how each one of you will react and what are the responsibilities of each one, in order to be able to work as a team.
·Set a meeting place in case of a natural disaster. It should be one within the vicinity (附近) of your workplace or home, and one outside your immediate vicinity. __4__. Agree on an emergency telephone that everyone should try to call.
·Prepare a disaster supply toolbox. Stock it with first aid supplies. __5__. Prepare emergency lights like flashlights with batteries. Include a battery-powered radio in the kit so you can listen to updates.
A．Find out what they sound like and what they mean
B．Discuss the dangers of different types of naturaldisasters
C．Try to understand why these signals sound unfamiliar to you
D．Everyone should try to reach there when a natural disaster happens
E．Prepare some water and food that should be enough for three days
F．Find out any disaster management plan that your community has
G．This is also the best time to ask what kind of disaster may likely take place
UNIT 6　课时检测(六)
[写作专项训练]
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．to protect themselves from the flood
2．as soon as a fire breaks out
3．Only by joining in regular first aid training can they
4．It takes us only 2 minutes and 45 seconds to gather
5．in case of strong aftershocks
Ⅱ.应用文写作(参考范文)
Sandstorm Safety Guidelines
Sandstorms have become a great concern for both the public and the government in recent years.Every spring sand and dust sweep the northern part of China, blocking out the sky and bringing much inconvenience and problems to people's lives and work.
When a sandstorm is hitting, you'd better stay at home with doors and windows closed.If you must go out, wear your masks and scarves.If you drive, you should drive slowly because many things can't be seen clearly.
To prevent sandstorms, more trees should be planted.Besides, governments of all countries should pass some laws concerning environmental protection.
Ⅲ.读后续写(参考范文)
Ten minutes later, the officer was back.With him were three soldiers armed with spades and some other search equipment.Without a word, the men began removing the debris.It being completely dark, someone brought a few lit lamps.Two hours later, a soldier called out, “Stop！” He stood in the middle of a small hole.The wall had caved in at that spot.I recognized a part of a door.Beneath it, a small foot.Excitedly, the soldiers began to clear the hole.Then, the door was lifted.“She is alive！” someone said.What a miracle! Cheers went up as she was wrapped in a warm blanket and carried to the tent where a temporary hospital had been set up.
[阅读拓展训练]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当你计划应对自然灾害时，要采取的步骤。
1．选G　根据空前一句“向当地红十字会或应急管理办公室询问灾害提醒和应急管理措施”可知，G选项“这也是询问可能发生何种灾难的最佳时机”符合语境。
2．选A　根据空前一句“每个社区都有自己的一套应急信号”可知， A选项“弄清楚它们听起来像什么，它们是什么意思”，是了解应急信号的方式，符合本段主旨。
3．选B　根据空后一句“包括讨论在这种情况下可能会发生什么以及应该做什么”可知，B选项“讨论不同类型的自然灾害的危险”符合语境，且空后的discussions呼应B项中的Discuss。
4．选D　根据空前一句“它应该是一个在你的工作场所或家附近，一个在你紧邻场所的外面”可知， D选项“当自然灾害发生时，每个人都应该设法到达那里”符合语境。
5．选E　根据本段主题句“Prepare a disaster supply toolbox.(准备一个灾害应急工具箱)”可知，E选项“准备一些足够三天用的水和食物”符合语境。

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