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仁爱科普版八年级英语上册Unit 6 Earth and Its Neighbors重点知识精练
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
A部分：根据句意及括号内单词提示填空
1. The Earth ______ (move) around the Sun, and it ______ (take) about 365 days to complete one orbit.
2. Scientists use ______ (telescope) to observe the ______ (universe) and discover new planets.
3. Look! The ______ (satellite) ______ (send) signals back to Earth now.
4. It’s important ______ (protect) the ______ (surface) of the Earth from pollution.
5. The ______ (degree) of temperature on the Moon can reach minus 180 ______ (Celsius) at night.
6. The ______ (inner) structure of the Earth consists of the core, mantle, and crust.
7. ______ (man-made) objects, such as space stations, help us explore space better.
8. The ______ (distance) between the Earth and Mars varies, but it’s usually millions of kilometers.
9. We should learn about the ______ (relation) between different planets in the solar system.
10. The ______ (bright) of the Sun provides light and ______ (warmth) for life on Earth.
11. Neither the Moon nor Mars ______ (have) enough oxygen for humans to ______ (breathe).
12. The ______ (rock) on the Moon are very different from those on Earth.
13. She enjoys reading books ______ (write) by famous ______ (astronomer).
14. The ______ (explore) of neighboring planets is an important part of space research.
15. The ______ (similar) between Earth and Venus makes scientists curious about possible life there.
B部分：根据句意及括号内单词提示填空
1. Last year, they ______ (launch) a new ______ (satellite) to study the solar system.
2. If we ______ (not; take) care of the Earth, our ______ (environment) will get worse.
3. There ______ (be) a space exhibition about Earth’s neighbors next week.
4. The astronauts ______ (return) to Earth after ______ (spend) six months in space.
5. By 2030, scientists ______ (hope) to ______ (discover) more about Mars’ surface.
6. The teacher ______ (teach) us how ______ (calculate) the ______ (distance) between planets tomorrow.
7. ______ (fortunate), the ______ (damage) spacecraft was repaired in time.
8. They ______ (plan) to build a space station to study Earth’s ______ (neighbor) better last year.
9. The government’s new policy will help ______ (promote) space ______ (explore).
10. She realized the ______ (important) of protecting Earth after learning about other planets.
二、根据首字母或中文提示写单词
1. The s______ (卫星) orbits the Earth and helps with communication.
2. Scientists use powerful t______ (望远镜) to observe stars.
3. The Earth is part of the s______ (太阳的) system, which includes eight planets.
4. The d______ (距离) between the Earth and the Moon is about 384,400 kilometers.
5. The m______ (火星) is often called the “Red Planet” because of its reddish appearance.
6. The i______ (内部的) structure of the Earth is made up of different layers.
7. We should protect the e______ (环境) of the Earth for future generations.
8. The u______ (宇宙) is full of mysteries waiting to be discovered.
9. Man-made o______ (物体) in space, like rockets and satellites, help us explore beyond Earth.
10. The t______ (温度) on the Moon changes greatly between day and night.
11. The r______ (关系) between Earth and its neighbors is an important topic in astronomy.
12. The e______ (探索) of space requires advanced technology and teamwork.
13. The s______ (表面) of the Earth is covered with land, water, and atmosphere.
14. Many a______ (天文学家) spend their lives studying the stars and planets.
15. Learning about Earth’s n______ (邻居) helps us understand our place in the universe.
三、完成句子（每空一词）
1. 地球围绕太阳转，这需要一年时间。
The Earth ______ ______ the Sun, and it ______ one year to complete an orbit.
2. 科学家用望远镜观察宇宙。
Scientists use ______ ______ ______ the universe.
3. 看！卫星正在向地球发送信号。
Look! The ______ ______ ______ signals to Earth.
4. 我们应该保护地球的表面免受污染。
We should ______ the ______ of the Earth ______ pollution.
5. 火星和地球之间的距离有多远？
______ ______ is the ______ between Mars and the Earth
6. 探索太空需要先进的技术和团队合作。
______ space ______ advanced technology and teamwork.
7. 去年，他们发射了一颗新卫星来研究太阳系。
Last year, they ______ a new ______ ______ study the solar system.
8. 到2030年，科学家希望更多地了解火星表面。
By 2030, scientists ______ ______ ______ more about the surface of Mars.
9. 月球上的温度在白天和夜晚变化很大。
The ______ on the Moon changes greatly ______ ______ and night.
10. 了解地球的邻居有助于我们认识自己在宇宙中的位置。
______ Earth’s neighbors helps us understand our ______ in the universe.
四、句型转换
1. The Earth moves around the Sun.（改为一般疑问句）
______ the Earth ______ around the Sun
2. They are observing the stars with a telescope.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ they ______ the stars
3. We should protect the environment of the Earth.（改为被动语态）
The environment of the Earth ______ ______ ______.
4. There will be a space exhibition next month.（改为否定句）
There ______ ______ a space exhibition next month.
5. The astronauts spent six months in space.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ ______ the astronauts ______ in space
6. Mars is called the “Red Planet” because of its reddish appearance.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ Mars called the “Red Planet”
7. The Sun provides light and warmth for life on Earth.（改为同义句）
Life on Earth ______ light and warmth ______ the Sun.
8. She studies astronomy to become an astronaut.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ she ______ astronomy
9. The distance between the Earth and the Moon is about 384,400 kilometers.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ is the distance between the Earth and the Moon
10. Learning about space is important for us.（改为同义句）
______ ______ important for us ______ ______ about space.
答案
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
A部分：
1. moves; takes 2. telescopes; universe 3. satellite; is sending
4. to protect; surface 5. degree; Celsius 6. inner 7. Man-made 8. distance
9. relations 10. brightness; warmth 11. has; breathe 12. rocks
13. written; astronomers 14. exploration 15. similarities
B部分：
1. launched; satellite 2. don’t take; environment 3. will be 4. returned; spending 5. hope; discover 6. will teach; to calculate; distance 7. Fortunately; damaged
8. planned; neighbors 9. promote; exploration 10. importance
二、根据首字母或中文提示写单词
1. satellite 2. telescopes 3. solar 4. distance 5. Mars 6. inner
7. environment 8. universe 9. objects 10. temperature 11. relations
12. exploration 13. surface 14. astronomers 15. neighbors
三、完成句子
1. moves around; takes 2. telescopes to observe 3. satellite is sending
4. protect; surface; from 5. How far; distance 6. Exploring; requires
7. launched; satellite to 8. hope to know 9. temperature; between day
10. Learning about; place
四、句型转换
1. Does; move 2. How are; observing 3. should be protected 4. won’t be
5. How long did; spend 6. Why is 7. gets; from 8. Why does; study
9. How far 10. It is; to learn

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