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Unit 3 My School重点语法归纳（记忆版）
there be结构的一般现在时
一.there be结构的一般现在时的基本句型
　　there be结构表示"(某地)有……"。其一般现在时的基本句型为:
(1)肯定句:There is/are+主语+其他.
There is a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。
(2)否定句:There isn't/aren't+主语+其他.
There is not a book on the desk.桌子上没有书。
(3)一般疑问句:Is/Are+there+主语+其他
肯定回答:Yes, there is/are.
否定回答:No, there isn't/aren't.
—Is there a book on the desk 桌子上有一本书吗
—Yes, there is./No, there isn't.是的,有。/不,没有。
二． there be结构的主谓一致
(1)在there be结构中,如果be动词后的主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词,be动词用is。
There is a man under the tree.树下有一个人。
There is some water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。
(2)如果be动词后的主语为可数名词复数,be动词用are。
There are many trees in the park.公园里有很多树。
(3)在有并列主语的情况下,be动词的数由离它最近的主语决定,即遵循"就近原则"。
There is a book, a bag and three pencils on the desk.桌子上有一本书、一个包和三支铅笔。
There are two girls and a dog in the room.房间里有两个女孩和一只狗。
易错have也表示"有",但一般表示"某人有某物"。
have a happy family.我有一个幸福的家庭。
句型转换
1.There are some pictures on the wall.（改为否定句）
There___are___ ___not___ ___any___ pictures on the wall.
2.There is some water in the bottle.（改为一般疑问句）
___Is___ ___there___ ___any___water in the bottle？
3.Are there any chairs near the window？（做肯定回答）
___Yes___,___there___ ___are___.
4.There are two bikes under the tree.（对画线部分提问）
___How___ ___many___ ___bikes___are there under the tree？
5.There is a little orange juice in the bottle.（对画线部分提问）
___How___ ___much___orange juice there in the bottle？
介词用法
方位介词
方位介词 用法 例句
at "在……处",常用于较小的地点 We stayed at a hotel yesterday.昨天我们待在一个旅店。
in "在……处",常用于较大的地点或表示一个范围 I live in Shanghai and my parents live in Beijing.我住在上海,我父母住在北京。
on "在……上",表示在某一平面上,且两 者接触 There are some storybooks on the desk.桌子上有一些故事书。
above "在……上方",表示高于某物 We are flying above the clouds.我们正在云层上方飞行。
below "在……下方",表示低于某物 Please do not write below this line. 请不要写到这条线下面。
over "在……上方",表示在某物垂直的正上方,且两者之间不接触 They held a large umbrella over her. 他们给她撑起一把大伞。
under "在……下方",表示在某物垂直的正下方,且两者之间不接触 She placed the ladder under the window.她把梯子立在窗户下面。
behind "在……的后面" Who sits behind you 谁坐在你的后面
in front of "在……(外部)前面",注意与in the front of的区别,后者指"在某物内部的前面" There are many big trees in front of my house.我家房子前有许多大树。
inside "在……里面" Go inside the house. 进屋里吧。
outside "在……外面" My father is washing his car outside our house. 我爸爸正在我们家屋外洗他的车。
next to "在……旁边",与by、 near、beside 同义 Please stand next to your friend.请站在你的朋友旁边。
across from "在……对面",与opposite同义 Our school is across from a bank. 我们的学校在一个银行的对面。
between "在……(两者)中间" I sat down between Jo and Diana.我在乔和黛安娜中间坐下。
图示记忆　
用适当的介词填空
①Li Ming goes to school 　in　 his father‘’s car every day.
②Mr. Green is writing 　on　 the blackboard.
③They held a large umbrella 　over　 her.
④—Can a plane fly 　through　 the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes,but it needs to go 　across　 the clouds for hours.
⑤You must be careful when you swim 　across　 the lake.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 英语学科
Unit 3 My School重点语法归纳（默写版）
there be结构的一般现在时
一.there be结构的一般现在时的基本句型
　　there be结构表示"(某地)有……"。其一般现在时的基本句型为:
(1)肯定句:There is/are+主语+其他.
There is a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。
(2)否定句:There isn't/aren't+主语+其他.
There is not a book on the desk.桌子上没有书。
(3)一般疑问句:Is/Are+there+主语+其他
肯定回答:Yes, there is/are.
否定回答:No, there isn't/aren't.
—Is there a book on the desk 桌子上有一本书吗
—Yes, there is./No, there isn't.是的,有。/不,没有。
二． there be结构的主谓一致
(1)在there be结构中,如果be动词后的主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词,be动词用is。
There is a man under the tree.树下有一个人。
There is some water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。
(2)如果be动词后的主语为可数名词复数,be动词用are。
There are many trees in the park.公园里有很多树。
(3)在有并列主语的情况下,be动词的数由离它最近的主语决定,即遵循"就近原则"。
There is a book, a bag and three pencils on the desk.桌子上有一本书、一个包和三支铅笔。
There are two girls and a dog in the room.房间里有两个女孩和一只狗。
易错have也表示"有",但一般表示"某人有某物"。
have a happy family.我有一个幸福的家庭。
句型转换
1.There are some pictures on the wall.（改为否定句）
There pictures on the wall.
2.There is some water in the bottle.（改为一般疑问句）
water in the bottle？
3.Are there any chairs near the window？（做肯定回答）
4.There are two bikes under the tree.（对画线部分提问）
are there under the tree？
5.There is a little orange juice in the bottle.（对画线部分提问）
orange juice there in the bottle？
介词用法
方位介词
方位介词 用法 例句
at We stayed at a hotel yesterday.昨天我们待在一个旅店。
in I live in Shanghai and my parents live in Beijing.我住在上海,我父母住在北京。
on There are some storybooks on the desk.桌子上有一些故事书。
above We are flying above the clouds.我们正在云层上方飞行。
below Please do not write below this line. 请不要写到这条线下面。
over They held a large umbrella over her. 他们给她撑起一把大伞。
under She placed the ladder under the window.她把梯子立在窗户下面。
behind Who sits behind you 谁坐在你的后面
in front of There are many big trees in front of my house.我家房子前有许多大树。
inside Go inside the house. 进屋里吧。
outside My father is washing his car outside our house. 我爸爸正在我们家屋外洗他的车。
next to Please stand next to your friend.请站在你的朋友旁边。
across from Our school is across from a bank. 我们的学校在一个银行的对面。
between I sat down between Jo and Diana.我在乔和黛安娜中间坐下。
图示记忆　
用适当的介词填空
①Li Ming goes to school 　 　 his father‘’s car every day.
②Mr. Green is writing 　 　 the blackboard.
③They held a large umbrella 　 　 her.
④—Can a plane fly 　 　 the Atlantic Ocean
—Yes,but it needs to go 　 　 the clouds for hours.
⑤You must be careful when you swim 　 the lake.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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