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房山区2024-2025学年度第二学期学业水平调研(二)
高二英语
本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn’t healed from an earlier injury. I had doubted whether or not I should attend the ____1____. But there I was, ready for the 1,000-meter run.
“Ready… set…” The gun popped and we were off. The other girls rushed ahead of me. I felt ____2____ as I fell farther and farther behind.
“Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest ____3____ I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps (圈) ahead of me when she crossed the finish line. “Maybe I should ____4____, I thought as I moved on. However, I decided to keep going. During the last two laps, I ran in pain and decided not to ____5____ in track next year. It wouldn’t be worth it, even if my foot did heal.
When I finished, I heard a cheer — ____6____ than the one I’d heard earlier. I turned around and sure enough, the boys were preparing for their race. “They must be cheering for the boys.” I was leaving when several girls came up to me. “Wow, you’ve got courage!” one of them told me.
“Courage I just ____7____ a race!” I thought. “I would have given up on the first lap,” said another girl. “We were cheering for you. Did you hear us ”
Suddenly I regained ____8____. I decided to stick with track next year. I realized strength and courage aren’t always ____9____ in medals and victories, but in the ____10____ we overcome. The strongest people are not always the people who win, but the people who don’t give up when they lose.
1. A. class B. event C. interview D. ceremony
2. A. excited B. astonished C. ashamed D. frightened
3. A. cheer B. cry C. ring D. noise
4. A. go on B. speed up C. slow down D. drop out
5. A. play B. compete C. arrive D. practice
6. A. lower B. longer C. louder D. weaker
7. A. lost B. led C. won D. quit
8. A. reward B. interest C. hope D. experience
9. A. praised B. collected C. tested D. measured
10. A. sadness B. challenges C. crises D. tiredness
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Daniel Defoe was an English writer best known for his novel Robinson Crusoe, although he also ____11____(write) hundreds of other works. He published Robinson Crusoe in 1719 ____12____ the age of 59. Today, it remains one of the most famous tales of survival ever told. Countless readers have been encouraged by Robinson Crusoe’s qualities, ____13____ go beyond his survival on a desert island. Such qualities can help us cope in a crisis, no matter what or where it is.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
It is true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t ____14____ (overlook). It plays a part in the image we present to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first ____15____ (impress) on others and boost your confidence. Being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty with confidence, ____16____ (know) that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier!
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Cunningham always used simple, ____17____(relative) cheap cameras to take pictures. He liked to photograph ordinary people. He found inspiration where others could not, in simple, different ____18____(scene) from everyday life. He would go out onto the streets every day, regardless of the weather. His hard work is reflected within his photos. This is ____19____ makes them so special. His approach to life was uncomplicated. He never accepted the benefits ____20____(offer) to him for being a fashion photographer. His passion for photography lasted throughout his life.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Although scientists have been working on it, an earthquake cannot be predicted accurately. We know earthquakes usually last less than one minute, but the effects are often disastrous. So it’s quite necessary to know what to do when you actually meet one.
Before an Earthquake
● Identify safe places such as one under a firm piece of furniture in your home, or under a desk in your school so that when the shaking starts, you drop to the ground, cover your head and neck with your arms. If a safer place is nearby, crawl to it and hold on.
●To react quickly, you must often practise how to “Drop, Cover and Hold On!” You may only have seconds to protect yourself in an earthquake.
● Prepare a survival kit. Store important supplies (e.g. water and medicine) and documents.
During an Earthquake
If you are inside a building:
● Stay where you are until the shaking stops. Do not head for the doorway as this does not provide protection from falling or flying objects, and you may not be able to remain standing. Do not use the elevator or lift.
● Drop to the ground (before the earthquake drops you)!
● Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling things. Stay away from glass, windows and anything that could fall.
● Hold on to any strong covering so that you can move with it until the shaking stops.
If you are outside:
When you feel the shaking, move away from buildings, streetlights, trees and electric wires. Once in the open, “Drop, Cover and Hold On.” Stay there until the shaking stops.
If you are in a moving vehicle when you feel the shaking, stop as quickly and safely as possible and stay in the vehicle. Avoid stopping near or under buildings, trees, overpasses and electric wires.
After an Earthquake
● Look around. If there is a clear path to safety, leave the building and go to an open space. Once safe, follow local news through radio, TV, social media, and mobile phone texts for information and instructions from authorities.
● If you are trapped don’t be panic. Do not move about. Use a cellphone, knock on pipes or walls, or use a whistle, if you have one.
21. According to the passage, why is it necessary to practice “Drop, Cover and Hold On”
A. Because it helps people identify safe places faster.
B. Because it helps people react quickly during earthquakes.
C. Because it enables people to collect data for earthquake research.
D. Because it enables people to effectively prepare their survival kits.
22. If you are outside a building when an earthquake occurs, you should ________.
A. run quickly to the nearest doorway
B. find shelter under a tree or an overpass
C. move away from buildings or electric wires
D. stand still in an open area to avoid falling things
23. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage
A. To provide safety guidelines for earthquakes.
B. To analyze the destructive effects of earthquakes.
C. To promote essential disaster preparedness supplies.
D. To explain the scientific challenges of earthquake prediction.
B
During the 50th Annual Violin Society of America Convention and the 25th International Violin Making Competition held in Indiana, US, from Nov 17 to 22, 2024, Yan Xiaoyang won the award of Artisanship, marking the highest honor achieved by Ningxia in such international events.
The event attracted 450 participants from over 40 countries and regions worldwide and showcased more than 1,000 instruments, including violins, violas, cellos, and double basses.
Yan Xiaoyang, 68, from Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, spent over a decade establishing himself as a top violin maker.
When he was 14, Yan first encountered the violin purchased by his father. “My four brothers and I were all fond of it, but it was difficult for me to get a turn, which sparked my interest in making my own violin,” Yan recalled.
Three years later, with his woodworking skills, Yan crafted his first violin. “Although the sound quality was unsatisfactory, it marked the first step,” he said. “Since then, handmade violins have been my hobby.”
In 2014, Yan fulfilled his long-cherished dream of learning professional violin making under the guidance of the international violin maker Chang Zhongqiu. “Under Chang’s guidance, I gradually grasped the essence of violin making and successfully produced high-quality violins,” he said. “I also received guidance from the international violin-making master Zheng Quan, which further emphasized my attention to detail in violin making and perfect musical expression.”
In 2019, Yan began participating in various international violin-making competitions. The standards for competition violins, especially regarding craftsmanship, are extremely strict. “There are more than 100 processes in the violin craftsmanship and each must be done with great care,” he said. “Violin making involves many crucial processes that determine the instrument’s sound and quality, such as crafting the top and back plates.”
To ensure the violin achieves a balanced tone, Yan designed the top and back plates with 68 points on each. “I measure the thickness of each point with a micrometer,” he said. “Excellent violin makers need to adhere to craftsmanship standards strictly and undergo repeated adjustments to achieve the instrument’s desired sound state.”
By following the paths of our predecessors, he aimed to create a more classic, better and perfect instrument.
24. What can we learn about Yan Xiaoyang’s achievement
A. He pioneered Ningxia’s first international craftsman award.
B. He was the oldest participant in the competition held in Indiana.
C. His skills attracted 450 participants from more than 40 countries to Ningxia.
D. His award is Ningxia’s top honor in international violin-making competitions.
25. What inspired Yan Xiaoyang to make his own violin
A. His early interest in woodworking.
B. Limited access to the violin bought by his father.
C. His desire to achieve perfection in instrument making.
D. Guidance from international violin master Zheng Quan.
26 Why did Yan design the top and back plates with 68 points on each
A. To reduce the time required for violin production.
B. To follow the standard set by violin-making masters.
C. To ensure a balanced tone through plate thickness control.
D. To demonstrate his unique use of micrometers in violin making.
27. What does the author intend to tell us
A. True craftsmen set the trend for artists.
B. True craftsmen lead to new inventions.
C. Great craftsmanship blooms from talent and patience.
D. Great craftsmanship lies in devotion and perseverance.
C
Humans are not the only fashionistas. Even small birds like tits (山雀) can follow colour trends. A study published in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology shows that, given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season’s must-have colour.
Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin were following up the work published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams, an American naturalist. He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn (纱线) out in his garden, almost always one and only one became popular that season for incorporation into local birds’ nests. But which particular colour was favoured varied from season to season. This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.
Williams’s work was, however, forgotten until Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin came across it while following up on a different study. The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue, great and marsh tits in a wood near the institute. Most birds in this wood carry transponders fitted to them. That allows the institute’s researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by logging their arrival at dispensers (分配器).
One day in March 2021, Dr. Wild, Dr. Aplin and their collaborators deployed five RFID-enabled dispensers loaded with wool rather than food. Each contained strands of two colours — either orange and pink or blue and purple — but all were set to dispense only one of these. This remained so until at least one local nest was seen to include wool from a dispenser. At that moment, the other colour was made available, too. As a control, Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin set up, in a separate area, four further wool-dispensers, each of which provided two colours from the start.
Of 68 tits’ nests built that season in the experimental areas, 26 included wool from a dispenser. Of these, 18 were constructed after both colours had become available from all dispensers. Even so, ten of those 18 included only the colour of wool first chosen by a nest-builder. By contrast, all eight wool-bearing nests in the control zone contained a mixture of colours — a statistically significant difference.
Tits, then, do seem to be “on trend” when it comes to nest-building materials. Why that should happen remains obscure. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin suspect the trendsetters are older birds, and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders, since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. Williams’s original work, though, suggests such initial choices are arbitrary. A bit like those of the leaders of human fashions.
28. How did Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin build their study upon Williams’s earlier work
A. By focusing on purple nest decoration materials.
B. By observing the same tit species in Williams’s garden.
C. By using tracking technology to test Williams’s finding.
D. By copying his experiment with the same coloured yarns.
29. What can be learned from the research of Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin
A. They used RFID-enabled dispensers to observe the living habits of the birds.
B. They conducted a controlled experiment on the birds’ colour preferences.
C. Multicoloured wool strands were released together from the start.
D. Food was supplied to the birds through the dispensers.
30. What does the word “obscure” underlined in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Unclear. B. Apparent.
C. Unexpected. D. Reasonable.
31. What is the purpose of this passage
A. To call on people to protect the diverse species of tits.
B. To suggest that younger tits set the fashion for the season.
C. To inform that tits can be fashion followers just like humans.
D. To present some effective methods applied in scientific research.
D
Even if you don’t worry that artificial intelligence (AI) will destroy the human race, you might worry that its fearsome appetite for electricity will destroy the environment. Asking ChatGPT a question means using ten times more energy than an old-fashioned search query. But the fear of disaster is unnecessary. In absolute terms, AI may be less energy-hungry than many people assume. Better still, AI can help decarbonise the industries that have proved hardest to clean up.
Consider AI’s appetite for energy first. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that electricity consumption by data centres could as much as treble in the next five years. Even if energy usage soars, though, the base is still low. Data centres today account for about 1.5% of the world’s electricity consumption—and the vast majority of that is due to streaming, social media and online shopping, not AI.
Moreover, some of AI’s electricity use will help with greening the economy. AI excels at identifying complex patterns, processing giant data sets and perfecting systems, all of which can help reduce emissions. AI is already helping improve the efficiency of electrical grids (电网), cut fuel use in shipping and spot otherwise invisible leaks of methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
The task for policymakers and industry bosses is to maximise such benefits while minimising the climate impacts. The first is to rethink how data centres operate. The IEA notes that being able to shift workloads between different data centres at different times could reduce strain and help balance energy grids. More flexible data centres would also be a better match for the intermittent power produced by renewables such as wind and solar.
Second tech firms should hold themselves to their own environmental promises. Microsoft, for instance, aims to become “carbon negative” by 2030. A better approach would be for the tech firms to use the influence that their large demand for energy gives them to accelerate the decarbonisation of grids. They could help unblock the deployment (部署) of clean energy more widely by pushing for planning reform, and go further in supporting the development and expansion of alternative sources such as geothermal and nuclear power. Doubling down on such approaches would help transform AI from climate suspect to climate hero.
32. Why can AI contribute to reducing emissions
A. Because it can increase the use of renewable energy.
B. Because it can handle large data sets and improve systems.
C. Because it consumes only about 1.5% of the world’s electricity.
D. Because it reduces energy consumption by streaming and social media.
33. According to the passage, what should tech companies do
A. Reduce data center energy use by using less AI technology.
B. Establish specialized data centers for climate impact prediction.
C. Develop their own power supply systems to support their operations.
D. Use their energy demand influence to promote clean energy deployment.
34. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. How AI Could Help the Climate
B. How AI Could Improve Shipping
C. Can Al Boost Economic Development
D. Can AI Promote Electrical Grid Construction
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Learning styles refer to an individual’s preferred or most effective way of learning. Each student has his or her own method. ____35____ The four most common learning styles are: visual, auditory, kinesthetic and reading/writing. Your learning style determines how you access information.
Visual learners best understand information by using their eyes. ____36____ Watching videos, and looking at illustrations are also great tools for a visual learner. They may speak quickly and prefer to work alone rather than in groups.
Auditory learners prefer to listen to information rather than read it or see it visually displayed. They work well in a classroom setting and learn quickly through guidance and stories. They tend to be good listeners. They also learn quickly by listening to lectures and participating in group discussions.
____37____ They use their senses to work on new skills and rely heavily on muscle memory. These learners learn best by doing and tend to have good coordination and best remember what they do. Typically, they enjoy building, making or creating things.
Reading/Writing learners are extremely comfortable with the written word. ____38____ They love to make lists and prefer written directions. The traditional lecture and note-taking environment works well for this learning style.
We all learn differently. We all have our own approach to learning, based on our experience, practice, and innate preferences for what works. Everyone learns best if we are able to experience a lesson in a way that makes sense to us. Some students are comfortable with one particular learning style, while others tend to use multiple styles. ____39____
A. They prefer to gain information by reading texts.
B. Kinesthetic learners are the most hands-on learning type.
C. Kinesthetic learners can easily understand what others are saying.
D. This type of learner has difficulty working quietly for long periods of time.
E. But we can all learn things more easily and quickly with our preferred styles.
F. Knowing your learning style can help you find the best way to learn new skills.
G. They absorb and remember information when it is presented in pictures, diagrams or maps.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. Although it is one of the most remote places on the earth and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. “No country has a free pass — we found plastic from everywhere,” said one scientist.
Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere. Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea. Currents collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”. One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”.
The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss. Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. The problem has spread too far to ignore. The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds’ worth of global annual plastic production. That production will more than triple by 2050. Then there will be the same weight of plastic in the sea as fish.
However, there are some young minds working to clean up and protect the sea for future generations. While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish. He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem. Previously the problem was considered too big to solve; collecting the plastic with boats and nets would be expensive, would harm sea life, and would take thousands of years! But, Boyan thought, why move through the sea when the sea can move through you To work with the currents and gyres would help collect the waste. So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled.
“Many problems today are side effects of things people didn’t think about in the past,” he says. “Sea plastic is a symbol of the negative effects of our lifestyle and technology. Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century. Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start!”
40. What alarming discovery did the scientists make during their visit to tiny Henderson Island
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Why does “micro plastic” make things even worse
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
43. What can we do to reduce plastic waste in our daily lives (In about 40 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim发来邮件请你介绍一位你最敬佩的具有工匠精神的中国著名人物。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 该人物的主要事迹；
2. 该人物对你的影响。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
房山区2024-2025学年度第二学期学业水平调研(二)
高二英语
本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
【11~13题答案】
【答案】11. wrote
12. at 13. which
B
【14~16题答案】
【答案】14. be overlooked
15. impression
16. knowing
C
【17~20题答案】
【答案】17. relatively
18. scenes 19. what
20. offered
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21 B 22. C 23. A
B
【24~27题答案】
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D
C
【28~31题答案】
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C
D
【32~34题答案】
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【35~39题答案】
【答案】35. F 36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
【40~43题答案】
【答案】40. The island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic.
41. Because it is eaten by fish leading to massive species loss, and humans also eat these fish, with micro plastic even found in tap water worldwide.
42. The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed.
The passage only says the project allows the waste to be collected and recycled, not that it can be completely removed.
43. To reduce plastic waste in our daily lives, we can start by minimizing the use of single-use plastics. Additionally, supporting and purchasing products made from eco-friendly materials can make a significant difference. Participating in beach cleanups and recycling programs also helps.
第二节(20分)
【44题答案】
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’d like to introduce Lu Ban, a legendary craftsman from ancient China. He’s revered as the “father of carpentry.” It’s said he invented many essential tools like the saw and the carpenter’s ink marker, which are still used today. His story symbolizes the core of craftsmanship: constant innovation and meticulous attention to detail.
Lu Ban’s spirit has deeply inspired me. It teaches me that mastery in any field requires endless practice and dedication. Whether it’s learning a new skill or tackling a difficult problem, I strive to adopt his focus and perseverance. He reminds me that greatness often lies in perfecting the small things.
Yours,
Li Hua

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