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Unit 2 Helping at home 知识点总结与练习
2025-2026学年外研版英语（新教材）四年级上册
内容
重点词汇 家务动词：clean（打扫）、wash（洗）、cook（烹饪）、sweep（扫）、tidy（整理）、finish（完成） 衣物词汇：skirt（短裙）、shirt（衬衫）、trousers（裤子）、clothes（衣服） 状态描述：busy（忙碌的）、tired（疲倦的）、dirty（脏的）、clean（干净的） 其他词汇：help（帮助）、chore（家务）、floor（地板）、together（一起）、also（也）、rubbish（垃圾）、hope（希望）、maybe（也许）、still（仍然）
重点短语 do chores（做家务）、clean the room（打扫房间）、wash clothes（洗衣服）、cook dinner（做晚餐）、sweep the floor（扫地）、tidy up（整理）、help sb. do sth.（帮助某人做某事）、finish homework（完成作业）、take out the rubbish（倒垃圾）、be busy doing sth.（忙于做某事）、be tired（疲倦的）
重点句型 1. What are you doing 你正在做什么？ 2. I’m cleaning my room. 我正在打扫房间。 3. Can you help me wash the clothes 你能帮我洗衣服吗？ 4. Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 是的，我能。/ 不，我不能。 5. Mum is cooking dinner. 妈妈正在做晚餐。 6. He helped his dad sweep the floor yesterday. 他昨天帮爸爸扫地了。
（一）现在进行时（描述正在进行的动作）
结构：
肯定句：主语 + be动词（am/is/are）+ 动词-ing + 其他。
例：She is washing the dishes. 她正在洗碗。
否定句：主语 + be动词 + not + 动词-ing + 其他。
例：He isn’t sweeping the floor. 他没在扫地。
疑问句：Be动词 + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他？
例：Are they tidying up the living room 他们正在整理客厅吗？
动词-ing变化规则：
一般情况直接加-ing：clean → cleaning，wash → washing。
以不发音的e结尾，去e加-ing：tidy → tidying，take → taking。
重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母加-ing：run → running，swim → swimming。
（二）规则动词的过去式（描述过去发生的动作）
构成规则：
一般情况直接加-ed：clean → cleaned，help → helped。
以e结尾加-d：like → liked，hope → hoped。
以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-ed：study → studied，carry → carried。
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母加-ed：stop → stopped，plan → planned。
例句：
I finished my homework yesterday. 我昨天完成了作业。
She cooked noodles for lunch. 她午餐煮了面条。
（三）情态动词can的用法（请求帮助与表达能力）
请求帮助：
句型：Can you + 动词原形 + 其他？
例：Can you help me cook dinner 你能帮我做晚餐吗？
肯定回答：Yes, I can.
否定回答：No, I can’t.
表达能力：
句型：主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他。
例：I can sweep the floor. 我会扫地。
语音聚焦
字母组合“ch”的发音
发音规则：发 /t /（清辅音，声带不振动）。
例词：chair（椅子）、teacher（老师）、China（中国）、watch（手表）。
发音技巧：舌尖抵住上齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍，摩擦成音。
一、词汇填空（根据首字母或中文提示写单词，10题）
My trousers are d______（脏的）. I need to wash them.
She is c______（打扫）her room now.
Can you h______（帮助）me cook dinner
He s______（扫）the floor every morning.
We often do some c______（家务）on weekends.
Mum is b______（忙碌的）cooking breakfast.
Let’s t______（整理）up the living room together.
She f______（完成）her homework early yesterday.
I can w______（洗）my own clothes.
They are t______（疲倦的）after working all day.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空（10题）
Look! The children ______（clean）the classroom.
She ______（help）her mum wash clothes yesterday.
Can you ______（cook）noodles
He ______（tidy）his desk every evening.
They ______（not do）chores now. They’re playing.
The cat ______（sleep）on the sofa now.
I ______（finish）my project last week.
Let’s ______（sweep）the floor together.
She ______（wash）the dishes every day.
What ______（be）your brother doing He’s reading.
三、单项选择（10题）
—What are you doing —I ______ my room.
A. clean B. am cleaning C. cleaned
She ______ the clothes yesterday.
A. washes B. wash C. washed
—Can you help me —______.
A. Yes, I can’t B. No, I can C. Yes, I can
They ______ the floor now.
A. sweep B. are sweeping C. swept
He ______ his homework after dinner.
A. finishes B. finish C. finishing
My mother is ______ dinner in the kitchen.
A. cook B. cooking C. cooked
—______ is she doing —She’s tidying up.
A. What B. How C. Where
The students ______ their classroom every Monday.
A. clean B. cleans C. are cleaning
I ______ to help my parents at home.
A. hope B. hopes C. hoping
The trousers are dirty. Please ______ them.
A. wash B. washing C. washed
四、句型转换（10题）
She is cooking dinner.（改为一般疑问句）
______ she ______ dinner
I can help you.（改为否定句）
I ______ ______ you.
They cleaned the room yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ they do yesterday
He is sweeping the floor.（改为否定句）
He ______ ______ the floor.
Can you wash the clothes （作肯定回答）
______, ______ ______.
She finishes her homework every day.（用now改写句子）
She ______ ______ her homework now.
I helped my dad cook noodles.（改为一般疑问句）
______ you ______ your dad cook noodles
The children are tidying up the living room.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ the children doing
He can sweep the floor.（对划线部分提问）
______ can he ______
They play football after school.（用now改写句子）
They ______ ______ football now.
五、补全对话（7选5）
A: Hi, Li Lei! 1______
B: I’m helping my family.
A: What’s your mother doing
B: 2______
A: How about your father
B: 3______
A: 4______
B: Sure. What do you need
A: Can you help me take out the rubbish
B: 5______ Let’s go.
六、阅读理解（5题）
My Busy Day
Yesterday was Saturday. I helped my family all day. In the morning, I cleaned my room and washed my clothes. Then I helped my mum cook breakfast. After breakfast, I finished my homework. In the afternoon, I swept the floor and tidied up the living room. My dad was busy fixing the bike. My sister was drawing a picture. In the evening, we watched TV together. I was tired but happy.
What day was it yesterday
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
What did the writer do in the morning
A. Cleaned the room and washed clothes. B. Swept the floor. C. Drew a picture.
Who cooked breakfast
A. The writer. B. Mum. C. Dad.
What was the sister doing in the afternoon
A. Fixing the bike. B. Drawing a picture. C. Watching TV.
How did the writer feel
A. Sad. B. Tired but happy. C. Busy.
七、书面表达（1题）
请以“Helping at Home”为题，写一篇短文，描述你和家人正在做的家务。至少5句话，使用现在进行时。
.
.
.
.
.
答案及解析
一、词汇填空
dirty 2. cleaning 3. help 4. sweeps 5. chores
busy 7. tidy 8. finished 9. wash 10. tired
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
are cleaning 2. helped 3. cook 4. tidies 5. aren’t doing
is sleeping 7. finished 8. sweep 9. washes 10. is
三、单项选择
B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A
B 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A
四、句型转换
Is; cooking 2. can’t help 3. What did 4. isn’t sweeping
Yes, I can 6. is finishing 7. Did; help 8. What are
What; do 10. are playing
五、补全对话
A 2. E 3. F 4. B 5. D
六、阅读理解
B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B
七、书面表达（参考范文）
Helping at Home
Look! My family are all helping at home. My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. My father is washing the car outside. I am sweeping the floor. My sister is tidying up her toys. We are busy but happy.

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