2025年九年级英语秋季开学摸底测试卷 (常州专用)(原卷版+解析版)译林版(2024) 九年级上册

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2025年九年级英语秋季开学摸底测试卷 (常州专用)(原卷版+解析版)译林版(2024) 九年级上册

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2025 年九年级英语秋季开学摸底测试卷
(常州专用)译林版(2024) 九年级上册 解析卷
满分 90 分。考试时间为 100 分钟
一、单项选择(本题共 10 小题;每题 1 分,满分 10 分)
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,
1.—I doubt if he ________ to the party with us tonight. What do you think
—I believe if he ________ his homework tonight, he will go with us.
A.will go; will finish B.will go; finishes
C.goes; finishes D.goes; will finish
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我怀疑他今晚是否会和我们一起去参加晚会。你认为呢? ——我相信
如果他今晚完成作业,他会和我们一起去的。
考查动词时态。第一空,根据“I doubt if he … to the party with us tonight.”可知,此处是 if“是
否”引导宾语从句,从句中“tonight”为将来时间,句子时态应用一般将来时,排除 C 和 D;
第二空,根据“I believe if he…his homework tonight, he will go with us.”可知,此处是 if“如果”
引导条件状语从句,符合“主将从现”原则,主句为一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时;主语
“he”为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用三单形式 finishes,排除 A。故选 B。
2.Could you please tell me ________ the other day
A.how nervous would she feel B.who hid his sister’s bike to play a trick on her
C.why cars have to be driven slowly D.if she looks confident but in fact is worried
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你能告诉我那天是谁藏了他妹妹的自行车来捉弄她吗?
考查宾语从句。how nervous would she feel 她会有多紧张,疑问语序;who hid his sister’s bike
to play a trick on her 谁藏了他妹妹的自行车来捉弄她,陈述语序;why cars have to be driven
slowly 汽车为何得缓慢行驶,陈述语序;if she looks confident but in fact is worried 她是否看
起来很有自信但实际上她很焦虑,陈述语序。根据“Could you please tell me”可知后接宾语从
句,用陈述语序;根据“the other day”可知,询问的是过去发生的事情,故选 B。
3.—You have no idea what great difficulty I had ________ to get the work done.
—But it is well worth ________.
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
A.managing, trying B.to manage, trying
C.managing, being tried D.managed , to be tired
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你不知道我完成这项工作有多大的困难。——但这很值得一试。
考查动名词作宾语。have difficulty in doing sth“做某事有困难”;be worth doing sth“值得做某
事”,故选 A。
4.—Would you like to join the school Programming Club
—Wow. It sounds exciting ________ challenging. I’m in!
A.as well as B.as good as C.as soon as D.as long as
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你想加入学校的编程俱乐部吗?——哇,听起来既令人兴奋又具有挑战
性。我加入!
考查连词辨析。as well as 以及;as good as 几乎,简直;as soon as 一……就……;as long as
只要。根据“It sounds exciting...challenging. I’m in!”可知,应是因为既令人兴奋又具有挑战性,
所以决定加入,故选 A。
5.We’ll meet ________ great difficulties in our lives, therefore, we should be brave enough to
________ any challenge.
A.so; take on B.such; put on C.so many; take on D.such many; take up
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在我们的生活中我们会遇到很多困难,因此,我们应该勇敢地接受任何挑战。
考查动词短语。such 如此,修饰名词;so 如此,修饰形容词和副词;so many 如此多的;such
many 错误格式;take on 接受,承担;take up 占据;put on 张贴。根据“great difficulties”可知,
第一空可用 such 或者 so many;根据“any challenge”可知,此处表示接受挑战,take on 符合
句意,故选 C。
6.—What do you think of the railway ________ Qinghai to Xizang
—Oh, I have never seen ________ plateau (高原) railway.
A.connects; a longer B.connecting; the longest
C.connects; the longest D.connecting; a longer
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你认为连接青海和西藏的铁路怎么样?——噢,我从来没见过这么长的
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
高原铁路。
考查非谓语和比较级。根据“What do you think of the railway”可知,句中已有谓语动词,因
此此处是非谓语形式,且与逻辑主语“the railway”是主动关系,用现在分词;再者根据“I have
never seen”可知,此处用“否定词+比较级”来表达最高级的含义,故选 D。
7.—What do you think poor children need most
—I think education ________ most. Knowledge changes one’s fate.
A.cares B.minds C.matters D.admires
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你认为穷孩子最需要什么?——我认为教育最重要。知识改变一个人的
命运。
考查动词辨析。cares 关心;minds 介意;matters 要紧;admire 钦佩。根据“Knowledge changes
one’s fate.”可知,这里是指知识改变命运,因此前一句是想说教育最重要。故选 C。
8.— I’m looking forward to the film Once Upon A Time In Hollywood. ________ will it begin
— ________ next Friday.
A.When; Until B.How long; Not until C.When; Not until D.How long; Until
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我很期待电影《好莱坞往事》。什么时候开始?——直到下周五。
考查特殊疑问句和词义辨析。When 何时;How long 多久;Until 表示某个动作或状态持续
到某一特定时间为止;Not until 强调某个动作或状态直到某一特定时间才开始或发生。根据
“next Friday”可知,第一空提问时间,用“when”提问;根据“...will it begin”可知,此处强调电
影开始的特定时间,用“not until”。故选 C。
9.—I’d like to give up the chance. It’s not a well-paid job.
—I don’t quite agree with you. You know, ________, young man!
A.Rome isn’t built in one day B.The grass is always greener on the other side
C.A bird in hand is worth two in the bush D.You can’t put all your eggs in one basket
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我想放弃这个机会。它不是一份高薪的工作。——我不太同意你的观点。
你知道,双鸟在林不如一鸟在手,年轻人!
考查英语谚语。Rome isn’t built in one day 罗马不是一天建成的;The grass is always greener
on the other side 这山望着那山高;A bird in hand is worth two in the bush 双鸟在林不如一鸟在
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
手;You can’t put all your eggs in one basket 不要把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。根据语境可
知,回答者认为应该珍惜眼前的机会,C 项符合语境。故选 C。
10.—Kitty, what do you think of ________ film Papa
—Pretty good. I’ve never seen ________ better one.
A.a; a B.the;不填 C.the; a D.a;the
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——Kitty,你觉得电影《爸爸》怎么样?——相当好。我从未见过一部比这
个更好的电影。
考查冠词辨析。第一空特指《爸爸》这部电影,用定冠词 the 表特指。第二个表示一部更好
的电影,用不定冠词 a 表泛指,故选 C。
二、完形填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
Every student knows the importance of taking notes in class. But the skill of note-taking isn’
t only used in school. Adults need to take 11 in meetings or training sessions for work.
So here are some tips to help you develop this key skill.
Begin with the date and the topic of the class. This may seem clear, but it’s easy to forget. It
will help you keep your notes 12 .
Focus on the most important points. Trying to write down everything the speaker says will
only frustrate(使 沮 丧 ) you. 13 , listen for the key ideas the person wants to
communicate.
If the speaker uses a PowerPoint you may not need to copy the slides(幻灯). Ask if the
PowerPoint will be available afterward. If so, you can pay attention to 14 the things the
speaker says. Or you can take a picture with a phone. Meanwhile, the PowerPoint or a document(
文件) with notes may be available before the class or meeting. If so, print it out so you can write
notes on it.
Think about 15 you want to take notes by hand or with a computer. Writing
notes by hand has been shown to help you remember things better. But with a 16 , notes
are easier to organize. Perhaps it’s best to combine the two methods. Write notes by hand first, and
then type them up as part of your review.
Think about different note-taking methods. If you’re a new learner, 17 drawing a
chart or picture. Another method is to write an outline 18 facts described as examples.
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
19 your notes again after taking them. This will give you the chance to add any
information that you didn’t write down. It’s best to do this as soon as possible so that you don’t
forget anything. This extra review will also increase your chances of 20 what you
wrote.
Note-taking is a practical skill, so it’s important to practice doing it well.
11.A.photos B.steps C.risks D.notes
12.A.organized B.creative C.important D.similar
13.A.Still B.Even C.Instead D.Otherwise
14.A.writing B.reading C.watching D.checking
15.A.when B.whether C.how D.where
16.A.video B.television C.radio D.computer
17.A.stop B.finish C.consider D.miss
18.A.for B.with C.in D.beyond
19.A.Look through B.Look for C.Look after D.Look around
20.A.improving B.encouraging C.remembering D.allowing
【答案】
11.D 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.D 17.C 18.B 19.
A 20.C
【分析】无论是学生还是成人,记笔记都很重要,文中讲了一些帮助发展这一技能的要点提
示。
11.句意:成年人需要在会议或工作培训中做笔记。
photos 照片;steps 步骤;risks 风险;notes 笔记。根据“Every student knows the importance of
taking notes in class.”可知,讲述记笔记的相关事情,故选 D。
12.句意:这将帮助你保持你的笔记有条理。
organized 有条理的;creative 有创造力的;important 重要的;similar 相似的。根据“Begin
with the date and the topic of the class. This may seem clear, but it’s easy to forget.”可知,从上课
的日期和主题开始,这一点似乎很清楚,但很容易被忘记。所以可以帮助你的笔记有条理,
故选 A。
13.句意:相反,倾听对方想要表达的关键思想。
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
Still 仍然;Even 甚至;Instead 而不是,相反;Otherwise 否则。前后两句构成转折关系,用
Instead 表示“而不是,相反”,故选 C。
14.句意:如果是这样,你可以注意写下说话者所说的内容。
writing 写;reading 读;watching 观看;checking 检查。根据“If so, you can pay attention to...the
things the speaker says.”可知,是写下说话者所说的内容。故选 A。
15.句意:想想你是想用手写还是用电脑记笔记。
when 何时;whether 是否;how 如何;where 哪里。根据“Think about...you want to take notes
by hand or with a computer.”可知,此处是“whether...or...”结构,表示“是否”,故选 B。
16.句意:但有了电脑,笔记更容易整理。
video 视频;television 电视;radio 录音机;computer 电脑。根据“Think about...you want to take
notes by hand or with a computer. Writing notes by hand has been shown to help you remember
things better.”可知,前文谈论手写还是用电脑,此处应谈论用电脑,故选 D。
17.句意:如果你是一个初学者,考虑画一个图表或图画。
stop 停止;finish 结束;consider 考虑;miss 思念。根据“If you’re a new learner,...drawing a chart
or picture.”可知,是考虑画图表或图画。故选 C。
18.句意:另一种方法是写提纲,用实例描述事实。
for 为了;with 和,用;in 在……中;beyond 超过。根据“Another method is to write an
outline...facts described as examples.”可知,用实例描述事实。故选 B。
19.句意:记完笔记再看一遍。
Look through 浏览;Look for 寻找;Look after 照顾;Look around 环顾四周。根据“... your notes
again after taking them.”可知,记好后再浏览一遍,故选 A。
20.句意:这种额外的复习也会增加你记住你写的东西的机会。
improving 提升;encouraging 鼓励;remembering 记得;allowing 允许。根据“This extra review
will also increase your chances of...what you wrote.”可知,复习会增加你记住你写的东西的机
会。故选 C。
三、阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
Look at this picture. It’s a valuable picture. This is a milestone (里程碑) for mankind
in the 21st century. The Paris Olympics! Now we need 20,000 volunteers
to provide our strength.
Requirements
-Be at least 18 years old on 1 January 2024.
-Speak either French or English.
-Be patient.
Things to Consider
-Accommodation: You have to look for somewhere to live.
-Food: Only one meal is included.
-Getting There: Plane tickets are not offered.
-Getting Around: All public transport will be free.
Benefits of Joining
-A chance to meet your favourite sportsman/sportswoman.
-An amazing chance to watch the Olympic games live.
-Collect souvenirs and gifts. For more information, you can visit
https://www.paris2024.org/en/volunteers/.
21.We need how many volunteers
A.2024. B.20000. C.88888888. D.21.
22.Which people can join The Paris Olympics volunteers
A.Can play piano people. B.Have Patient people.
C.Volunteers need to Pay off money. D.Need 21 year.
23.Where might can see the article
A.In a guide book. B.In a TV newspaper. C.In a novel. D.In a
Website.
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
【答案】21.B 22.B 23.D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了 2024 年巴黎奥运会的志愿者项目相关信息。
21.细节理解题。根据“Now we need 20,000 volunteers to provide our strength.”可知,我们需
要 20000 名志愿者。故选 B。
22.细节理解题。根据“Requirements -Be patient.”可知,需要有耐心的人。故选 B。
23.推理判断题。根据“For more information, you can visit
https://www.paris2024.org/en/volunteers/.”可知,这篇文章可以在网站看到。故选 D。
B
It was a cold winter night when the police officer Lee and the detective Smith were walking
back to the police station. They saw a robber attacking an old woman on the road. Lee and Smith
ran over to the robber immediately.
The robber saw them and ran away as fast as he could. Lee and Smith followed him for a
long distance until the robber rushed into an underground station. Lee and Smith ran into the
station and tried to find him. It was quite dark outside that night and they couldn’t see the robber
clearly. But they remembered what his body shape was like.
When they went in, they saw six men in the station. All of them had the similar build as the
robber. Lee looked at them carefully, one by one.
The first man was arguing with an underground station worker. He seemed to be very
depressed.
The second one was watching the fight between the first man and the worker. It seemed like
he was quite interested in it.
The third one was quietly reading a newspaper. His face was hidden behind the newspaper.
The fourth one was running to warm himself up, as it was cold in the station.
The fifth one was waiting for the underground. He looked at his watch several times. He
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
seemed to be in a hurry.
The sixth one was wearing a big coat, sitting on a bench and shivering.
Lee finally found out which one the robber was. He whispered to Smith, “Look! The robber
wanted to cover up his panting (气喘吁吁) by doing this.”
—Taken from (Detective Conan)
24.The robber rushed into the underground station to ________.
A.escape from them B.meet his friends C.rob others D.take
an underground
25.The six men in the underground station all had the similar ________.
A.hair B.height C.body shape D.age-group
26.According to Lee, ________ was the robber.
A.the first man B.the second man C.the fourth man D.the sixth man
27.What’s the best title for the article
A.A dramatic robbery. B.The clever detective.
C.The proud policeman. D.The hidden robber.
【答案】24.A 25.C 26.C 27.D
【导语】本文讲述了一个强盗混进了乘客中,Lee 警官通过观察六位地铁乘客的情况识别出
了真正的强盗。
24.推理判断题。根据“The robber saw them and ran away as fast as he could. Lee and Smith
followed him for a long distance until the robber rushed into an underground station.”可推断出,
强盗跑进地铁站是为了逃避追捕。故选 A。
25.细节理解题。根据“All of them had the similar build as the robber.”可知,他们都和那个强
盗身形差不多。故选 C。
26.推理判断题。根据“‘Look! The robber wanted to cover up his panting (气喘吁吁) by doing
this.’”及“The fourth one was running to warm himself up, as it was cold in the station.”可知,强
盗想用这种方法来掩盖他的喘息,第四个人跑步取暖,恰好可以以此来掩饰自己的气喘吁吁,
故推出第四个人是劫匪。故选 C。
27.最佳标题。根据“Lee finally found out which one the robber was. He whispered to Smith,
‘Look! The robber wanted to cover up his panting (气喘吁吁) by doing this.’”及通读全文可知,
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
本文主要讲述了强盗隐藏在乘客之中,Lee 警官通过观察六位地铁乘客的情况识别出了真正
的强盗,故“隐藏的强盗”符合本文标题。故选 D。
C
“Can I see my baby ” the happy new mother asked. When the baby was lying in her arms
and she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped (喘气). The doctor turned
quickly and looked out of the tall hospital window. The baby had been born without ears.
Time proved that the baby’s hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was
imperfect. When he rushed home from school one day and threw himself into his mother’s arms,
she sighed (叹息), knowing that his life was to be unfortunate. He cried to his mum “A boy, a big
boy... called me a freak (怪人). ”
He grew up, handsome. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class
president, but for that. He developed a gift, a talent for literature and music. “But you might
communicate with other young people,” his mother blamed him, but he felt a kindness in her heart.
Two years went by. One day, his father said to the son, “You’ re going to the hospital, son.
Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it’s a secret.” The operation
was a great success, and a new person appeared.
Later he married and became a lawyer. One day, he asked his father, “Who gave me the
ears Who gave me so much I could never do enough for him or her.” “I do not believe you
could,” said the father, “but the agreement was that you are not to know... not yet.”
The years kept their secret, but the day did come. He stood with his father over his mother’s
casket (棺材). Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish
brown hair to reveal the mother had no outer ears.
“Mother said she was glad she never let her hair be cut, ” his father whispered gently, “and
nobody ever thought Mother less beautiful, did they ”
28.Why did Mother gasp when she saw her newborn baby
A.Because her son had a tiny face. B.Because she saw her son crying.
C.Because her son was born imperfect. D.Because her son was in her arms.
29.Which word can describe Mother’s feeling when the son threw himself into her arms
A.Nervous B.Sympathetic(同情的) C.Proud D.Angry
30.Who gave the son the ears
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
A.His mother B.His father C.His wife D.A stranger
31.The best title for the passage would be ________.
A.Mother’s hair B.An unforgettable memory
C.Who gave me the ears D.Who is my best respectable person
【答案】28.C 29.B 30.A 31.C
【导语】本文讲述了一个母亲把自己的耳朵捐给了自己的儿子的故事,表达了母亲对儿子深
沉的爱。
28.细节理解题。根据“The baby had been born without ears.”可知,妈妈叹气是因为她的孩子
生下来就没有耳朵,也就是有缺陷的。故选 C。
29.推理判断题。根据“she sighed (叹息), knowing that his life was to be unfortunate”可知,他
的生活注定会很不幸,故推出妈妈很同情自己的孩子。故选 B。
30.细节理解题。根据“Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick,
reddish brown hair to reveal the mother had no outer ears.”可知,是他的妈妈把自己的耳朵给了
儿子。故选 A。
31.最佳标题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了一个母亲把自己的耳朵捐给了儿子,这个秘
密直到去世时才被揭晓,故“谁给了我耳朵”符合本文标题。故选 C。
D
Japanese scientists have created a satellite made of wood, which will be launched into space
as early as this summer.
Called LignoSat, the box-shaped satellite is small enough to be held in your hand, but
inside it are experiments that will show how well a wooden device (装备) can work in space.
LignoSat is the result of a project developed by Kyoto University and the Sumitomo Forestry
company to find new materials for satellites that will be better for our planet.
Until now, all satellites have been made of metal. When they reenter the Earth’s atmosphere
(大气层), they burn up, leaving tiny particles of aluminum (铝) that could be very bad for our
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
environment, and may even damage (破坏) the ozone layer (臭氧层).
A wooden satellite, however, would burn up into ash, which is far less harmful.
Researchers from Kyoto University tested different kinds of wood—first in laboratories,
and then sending three samples to the International Space Station, where they were tested in the
vacuum (真空) of space for nearly a year. They showed little signs of damage, which the leader of
the project said was probably because there is no oxygen in space which could cause wood to burn,
and no living creatures that might cause it to rot (腐烂).
Different types of wood were tested, and LagnoSat has been made of magnolia (木 兰 )
wood,which was found to be the strongest.
The launch date for LignoSat has not yet been decided, but it should go up on a US rocket
either this summer or a little later in the year. The satellite will then operate in space for at least
six months before reentering the Earth’s atmosphere.
If LignoSat works well in space and the project is a success, then wood could be used to
make more satellites in the future.
32.What is LignoSat
A.It is a metal device. B.It is a new kind of material.
C.It is a box as small as your hand. D.It is a satellite made of magnolia wood.
33.Wood is used to make a satellite because wood can ________.
A.be harmful to the ozone layer
B.cost less money than other materials
C.leave tiny particles of aluminum in space
D.not rot easily in space and it’s friendly to our environment
34.What can we infer from the passage
A.LignoSat will be sent into space successfully.
B.The project developed by Kyoto University is meaningless.
C.Scientists are uncertain about the future of LignoSat.
D.All satellites will be made of wood instead of metal.
35.What’s the best title for the passage
A.Japan will launch a wooden satellite B.Japan is trying to protect the ozone layer
C.Japan will join the International Space StationD.Japan has found the strongest wood in
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
the world
【答案】32.D 33.D 34.C 35.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了日本研究院正在努力建造世界上第一颗由木头制成的卫星,介绍了
这样做的好处。
32.细节理解题。根据“Called LignoSat, the box-shaped satellite is small enough to be held in
your hand, but inside it are experiments that will show how well a wooden device (装备) can work
in space.”和“LignoSat has been made of magnolia (木兰) wood”可知,LignoSat 是一颗由木兰木
制成的卫星。故选 D。
33.细节理解题。根据“A wooden satellite, however, would burn up into ash, which is far less
harmful.”和“They showed little signs of damage, which the leader of the project said was
probably because there is no oxygen in space which could cause wood to burn, and no living
creatures that might cause it to rot (腐烂).”可知,木制卫星在进入地球大气层时会燃烧成灰烬,
对环境的危害较小,并且在太空中不易腐烂。故选 D。
34.推理判断题。根据“If LignoSat works well in space and the project is a success, then wood
could be used to make more satellites in the future.”可知,科学家们对 LignoSat 的未来还不确定。
故选 C。
35.最佳标题题。根据“Japanese scientists have created a satellite made of wood, which will be
launched into space as early as this summer.”可知,文章主要介绍了日本将发射一颗木制卫星。
故选 A。
四、还原句子(共 4 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 6 分)
English playwright Arthur Wing Pinero said, “Where there’s tea, there’s hope.” Similarly, a
Chinese saying goes that “Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven
necessities to begin a day.”
36 According to statistics, global tea production reached approximately 5.8
million tons in 2018. It has become the most consumed beverage (饮料) in the world—after water,
of course.
In order to celebrate the popular drink, the United Nations General Assembly has named
“May 21” as International Tea Day. 37 You probably know that people in China use
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests. Meanwhile, afternoon tea is an
important part of the British culture. Making Malaysia’s pulled tea has become a sort of art form,
where drinkers take pride in its entertainment aspects. As an expression of Moroccan hospitality
(好客) and tradition, mint tea-a mix of green tea, spearmint leaves and sugar-is served during
gatherings.
“Apart from its cultural significance, tea is also a medicine.” Tea is cold and lowers the fire,
Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist Li Shizhen once said. 38 Preventing heart disease,
obesity and cancer has all been linked to drinking green tea, according to the National Center for
Biotechnology Information in the US. The love for healthy tea products continues into a new
decade as it’s used in moisturizers, lip balms and other beauty products.
39 It’s a social custom and also a magic medicine, a link to the past and a way of
life.
A.Avoid drinking too much though it is beneficial.
B.Tea is, without doubt, welcomed all over the world.
C.The health benefits of tea are still being discovered today.
D.Hot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is more than a drink.
E.It has become a big part of many cultures around the world.
F.China, the homeland of tea, is a leading producer and consumer.
【答案】36.B 37.E 38.C 39.D
【导语】本文主要介绍了茶在全球的受欢迎程度及其文化和健康意义。
36.根据下文“According to statistics, global tea production reached approximately 5.8 million
tons in 2018. It has become the most consumed beverage (饮料) in the world—after water, of
course.”可知,此处表示茶广受欢迎。选项 B“毫无疑问,茶在全世界广受欢迎。”符合语境。
故选 B。
37.根据下文“You probably know that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when
receiving important guests.”可知,茶在中华文化中是用以待客,此处应是说明茶在许多文化
中的重要地位。选项 E“它在世界上的许多文化中都占有重要地位。”符合语境。故选 E。
38.根据下文“Preventing heart disease, obesity and cancer has all been linked to drinking green
tea, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information in the US.”可知,茶有很多益
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
处。选项 C“茶的健康益处现在仍在被发现中。”符合语境。故选 C。
39.根据下文“It’s a social custom and also a magic medicine, a link to the past and a way of life.”
可知,茶是一种社会习俗,也是一种神奇的药物,一种与过去的联系和一种生活方式。可见
茶不仅仅是一种饮品。选项 D“热或冷,袋装或散叶,茶不仅仅是一种饮料。”符合语境。故
选 D。
五、阅读短文,回答问题。满分 9 分)
Is it difficult for you to remember things I’d like to tell you some ways to improve your
memory so you shouldn’t feel upset.
My first advice is that if you want to remember something well, you have to review it
regularly (规律). You might review the material two days after you learn it, then a week later, then
two weeks later, and then after a whole month, you will find that you can easily remember the
material.
My second advice is to use a colored pen to mark the important parts on your book. This
will help you in two ways. First, it will help you pay attention to the key parts when you learn the
language. It is always easier to remember only the key points. Second, this will make reviewing
easier. When you open your book, the colored parts will show you the key parts quickly. In this
way, you don’t have to review all the material again.
Another piece of advice is to use the proper time well. First, review all the information in
your mind right before you go to sleep. Your brain is working while you are sleeping. If you think
about the information before going to sleep, you might be able to remember it better. Another
good time for memorizing information is in the morning because you have just rested and your
brain is fresh and clear. So you might also try to review the important information in the morning.
40.How many pieces of advice does the writer give
____________________________________________________________
41.What is the good time to review information
____________________________________________________________
42.What do you think is the best way to improve your memory Why
____________________________________________________________
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
【答案】40.Three./3. 41.Before you go to sleep or in the morning. 42.本题属于开
放性试题,言之有理即可。参考答案:I think the best way to improve your memory is to
concentrate. Because as long as you concentrate, there is nothing you can’t remember.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了改善记忆力的三项建议:有规律地复习;用彩笔标
注重点;利用合适的时间段去记忆。
40.根据“My first advice is…”,“My second advice is…”和“Another piece of advice is…”可知,
作者给出了三个建议,故填 Three./3.
41.根据“First, review all the information in your mind right before you go to sleep.”和“Another
good time for memorizing information is in the morning”可知,复习信息的好时机是睡前或早上,
故填 Before you go to sleep or in the morning.
42.本题属于开放性试题,言之有理即可。参考答案:I think the best way to improve your
memory is to concentrate. Because as long as you concentrate, there is nothing you can’t
remember.
六、综合填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入 1 个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案写在答题卡
的相应位置。
According to a latest report, a few schools in China are using a kind of very special uniform.
It is used to watch their students’ 43 (day) life and stop them from playing truant (旷
课).
Such uniforms have tracking chips (追踪芯片) in them to record the time a student enters
the school and a short video 44 parents can see through a mobile app.
Once a student doesn’t have classes without 45 (ask) for leave, an alarm will be
caused to tell both teachers and parents. And a voice alarm will go off as long as a student leaves
school without being allowed. A GPS system also follows a 46 (student) movements
once he has left the school.
Eleven schools in Guizhou 47 (use) the uniforms which are developed by
Guizhou Guanyu Technology over the years. The project manager said that fewer and fewer
students had been absent since the uniforms were used in some schools.
48 , many people are against such uniforms on social media. “Whoever is watched
24 hours a day will feel uncomfortable.” One Weibo user said. “Don’t children have human rights
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
and privacy ” added 49 (other) user.
Although teachers were able to track students at all times, a headmaster in Guizhou 50
(suggest) that teachers should not make use of this technology often.
“We can have a 51 (choose) to check the position of students after school, and
when the students are missing and playing truant, the uniforms help to find out where they are, but
we should use it 52 (wise).” the headmaster said.
【答案】
43.daily 44.which/that 45.asking 46.student’s 47.have used 48.However
49.another 50.suggested 51.choice 52.wisely
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种特殊的校服。
43.句意:它被用来监视学生的日常生活,防止他们逃课。根据“It is used to watch their
students’...life”可知,life 前面应该用形容词修饰名词,表示 daily“日常的”生活。故填 daily。
44.句意:此类校服中装有跟踪芯片,可以记录学生进入学校的时间,以及家长可以通过手
机应用程序看到的短视频。根据“a short video...parents can see through a mobile app.”可知此处
是定语从句,a short video 是先行词,指物且从句中缺少宾语,所以既可用 which 又可用 that。
故填 which/that。
45.句意:一旦学生未经请假不上课,就会发出警报,通知老师和家长。根据“Once a student
doesn’t have classes without...”可知,without 是介词,后面的动词用动名词形式。故填 asking。
46.句意:一旦学生离开学校,GPS 系统也会跟踪他的行踪。根据“A GPS system also follows...”
可知,此处应该是追踪学生的行踪,所以用名词所有格,结合空前的 a,可知此处“学生”用
单数。故填 student’s。
47.句意:多年来,贵州省的 11 所学校一直使用着由贵州冠宇科技有限公司研发的校服。
根据“Eleven schools in Guizhou...the uniforms”及“over the years”可知,空缺处是谓语动词,主
语是 Eleven schools 复数且时态为现在完成时,结构为 have done。故填 have used。
48.句意:然而,社交媒体上有很多人反对这种校服。根据上文及“...many people are against
such uniforms on social media.”可知,此处表示转折“然而”,且有逗号,首字母大写。故填
However。
49.句意:“难道孩子就没有人权和隐私吗?”另一位用户补充道。根据上文“One Weibo user
said”可知,此处是另一位用户补充的,所以填 another“另一个”。故填 another。
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
50.句意:虽然老师可以随时跟踪学生,但贵州的一位校长建议老师不要经常使用这种技术。
根据上文“Although teachers were able to track students at all times,...”可知,时态为一般过去时,
suggest 是谓语动词,用过去式。故填 suggested。
51.句意:我们可以选择查看学生放学后的位置,当学生失踪或逃学时,校服有助于我们找
到他们的下落,但我们应该明智地使用它。根据“have a...”可知,此处应该是名词的单数形
式。故填 choice。
52.句意:我们可以选择查看学生放学后的位置,当学生失踪或逃学时,校服有助于我们找
到他们的下落,但我们应该明智地使用它。根据“but we should use it...”可知,此处应该用
wise 的副词形式修饰动词 use。故填 wisely。
七、书面表达(共 1 题;满分 15 分)
53.新的学期已经来临,想必大家一定有新的目标,它是我们坚持前行的不竭动力。
请根据以下菌容提示,以“ My new term’s resolutions (目标、计划)”为题, 介绍你的新学期打算,
可以从学科学习、彩趣爱好、品质提升、人际交往等方面着手。
要求如下:
1. 文章必须包含所有要点,计划至少写 2 点;
2. 词数 100 左右;
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、假名等个人信息。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
【答案】例文
My new term’s resolutions
Resolutions are promises you make to yourself. They can help you to be a better person and
make your life easier.
This term, I am going to make resolutions. The first resolution is about health. It is
important for us to keep healthy, so I’m going to eat healthier food and stay away from junk food.
I really love music so I’m going to learn to play the piano. I’m going to take piano lessons and
practice hard every day. I’m also going to improve my relationships with my family and friends. I’
m going to help my parents do the housework, help my friends more and be a good listener.
Finally, I’m going to work hard and do my homework carefully.
These resolutions may be difficult to keep, but I’ll try my best.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
② 时态:时态以“一般将来时”为主;
③ 提示:写作要点已给出,注意不要遗漏,适当增加细节,以使行文流畅。
[写作步骤]
第一步,提出制定新学期计划的原因;
第二步,介绍新学期计划的内容和实施办法;
第三步,表达“迎难而上”的决心。
[亮点词汇]
①make sth+adj.让某事……
②stay away from 远离
③try one’s best 尽某人所能
[高分句型]
It is important for us to keep healthy, so I’m going to eat healthier food and stay away from junk
food. (It 固定句型)
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页2025 年九年级英语秋季开学摸底测试卷
(常州专用)译林版(2024) 九年级上册
满分 90 分。考试时间为 100 分钟
一、单项选择(本题共 10 小题;每题 1 分,满分 10 分)
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,
1.—I doubt if he ________ to the party with us tonight. What do you think
—I believe if he ________ his homework tonight, he will go with us.
A.will go; will finish B.will go; finishes
C.goes; finishes D.goes; will finish
2.Could you please tell me ________ the other day
A.how nervous would she feel B.who hid his sister’s bike to play a trick on her
C.why cars have to be driven slowly D.if she looks confident but in fact is worried
3.—You have no idea what great difficulty I had ________ to get the work done.
—But it is well worth ________.
A.managing, trying B.to manage, trying
C.managing, being tried D.managed , to be tired
4.—Would you like to join the school Programming Club
—Wow. It sounds exciting ________ challenging. I’m in!
A.as well as B.as good as C.as soon as D.as long as
5.We’ll meet ________ great difficulties in our lives, therefore, we should be brave enough to
________ any challenge.
A.so; take on B.such; put on C.so many; take on D.such many; take up
6.—What do you think of the railway ________ Qinghai to Xizang
—Oh, I have never seen ________ plateau (高原) railway.
A.connects; a longer B.connecting; the longest
C.connects; the longest D.connecting; a longer
7.—What do you think poor children need most
—I think education ________ most. Knowledge changes one’s fate.
A.cares B.minds C.matters D.admires
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
8.— I’m looking forward to the film Once Upon A Time In Hollywood. ________ will it begin
— ________ next Friday.
A.When; Until B.How long; Not until C.When; Not until D.How long; Until
9.—I’d like to give up the chance. It’s not a well-paid job.
—I don’t quite agree with you. You know, ________, young man!
A.Rome isn’t built in one day B.The grass is always greener on the other side
C.A bird in hand is worth two in the bush D.You can’t put all your eggs in one basket
10.—Kitty, what do you think of ________ film Papa
—Pretty good. I’ve never seen ________ better one.
A.a; a B.the;不填 C.the; a D.a;the
二、完形填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
Every student knows the importance of taking notes in class. But the skill of note-taking isn’
t only used in school. Adults need to take 11 in meetings or training sessions for work.
So here are some tips to help you develop this key skill.
Begin with the date and the topic of the class. This may seem clear, but it’s easy to forget. It
will help you keep your notes 12 .
Focus on the most important points. Trying to write down everything the speaker says will
only frustrate(使 沮 丧 ) you. 13 , listen for the key ideas the person wants to
communicate.
If the speaker uses a PowerPoint you may not need to copy the slides(幻灯). Ask if the
PowerPoint will be available afterward. If so, you can pay attention to 14 the things the
speaker says. Or you can take a picture with a phone. Meanwhile, the PowerPoint or a document(
文件) with notes may be available before the class or meeting. If so, print it out so you can write
notes on it.
Think about 15 you want to take notes by hand or with a computer. Writing
notes by hand has been shown to help you remember things better. But with a 16 , notes
are easier to organize. Perhaps it’s best to combine the two methods. Write notes by hand first, and
then type them up as part of your review.
Think about different note-taking methods. If you’re a new learner, 17 drawing a
chart or picture. Another method is to write an outline 18 facts described as examples.
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
19 your notes again after taking them. This will give you the chance to add any
information that you didn’t write down. It’s best to do this as soon as possible so that you don’t
forget anything. This extra review will also increase your chances of 20 what you
wrote.
Note-taking is a practical skill, so it’s important to practice doing it well.
11.A.photos B.steps C.risks D.notes
12.A.organized B.creative C.important D.similar
13.A.Still B.Even C.Instead D.Otherwise
14.A.writing B.reading C.watching D.checking
15.A.when B.whether C.how D.where
16.A.video B.television C.radio D.computer
17.A.stop B.finish C.consider D.miss
18.A.for B.with C.in D.beyond
19.A.Look through B.Look for C.Look after D.Look around
20.A.improving B.encouraging C.remembering D.allowing
三、阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Look at this picture. It’s a valuable picture. This is a milestone (里程碑) for mankind
in the 21st century. The Paris Olympics! Now we need 20,000 volunteers
to provide our strength.
Requirements
-Be at least 18 years old on 1 January 2024.
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
-Speak either French or English.
-Be patient.
Things to Consider
-Accommodation: You have to look for somewhere to live.
-Food: Only one meal is included.
-Getting There: Plane tickets are not offered.
-Getting Around: All public transport will be free.
Benefits of Joining
-A chance to meet your favourite sportsman/sportswoman.
-An amazing chance to watch the Olympic games live.
-Collect souvenirs and gifts. For more information, you can visit
https://www.paris2024.org/en/volunteers/.
21.We need how many volunteers
A.2024. B.20000. C.88888888. D.21.
22.Which people can join The Paris Olympics volunteers
A.Can play piano people. B.Have Patient people.
C.Volunteers need to Pay off money. D.Need 21 year.
23.Where might can see the article
A.In a guide book. B.In a TV newspaper. C.In a novel. D.In a
Website.
B
It was a cold winter night when the police officer Lee and the detective Smith were walking
back to the police station. They saw a robber attacking an old woman on the road. Lee and Smith
ran over to the robber immediately.
The robber saw them and ran away as fast as he could. Lee and Smith followed him for a
试卷第 1 页,共 3 页
long distance until the robber rushed into an underground station. Lee and Smith ran into the
station and tried to find him. It was quite dark outside that night and they couldn’t see the robber
clearly. But they remembered what his body shape was like.
When they went in, they saw six men in the station. All of them had the similar build as the
robber. Lee looked at them carefully, one by one.
The first man was arguing with an underground station worker. He seemed to be very
depressed.
The second one was watching the fight between the first man and the worker. It seemed like
he was quite interested in it.
The third one was quietly reading a newspaper. His face was hidden behind the newspaper.
The fourth one was running to warm himself up, as it was cold in the station.
The fifth one was waiting for the underground. He looked at his watch several times. He
seemed to be in a hurry.
The sixth one was wearing a big coat, sitting on a bench and shivering.
Lee finally found out which one the robber was. He whispered to Smith, “Look! The robber
wanted to cover up his panting (气喘吁吁) by doing this.”
—Taken from (Detective Conan)
24.The robber rushed into the underground station to ________.
A.escape from them B.meet his friends C.rob others D.take
an underground
25.The six men in the underground station all had the similar ________.
A.hair B.height C.body shape D.age-group
26.According to Lee, ________ was the robber.
A.the first man B.the second man C.the fourth man D.the sixth man
27.What’s the best title for the article
A.A dramatic robbery. B.The clever detective.
C.The proud policeman. D.The hidden robber.
C
“Can I see my baby ” the happy new mother asked. When the baby was lying in her arms
and she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped (喘气). The doctor turned
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quickly and looked out of the tall hospital window. The baby had been born without ears.
Time proved that the baby’s hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was
imperfect. When he rushed home from school one day and threw himself into his mother’s arms,
she sighed (叹息), knowing that his life was to be unfortunate. He cried to his mum “A boy, a big
boy... called me a freak (怪人). ”
He grew up, handsome. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class
president, but for that. He developed a gift, a talent for literature and music. “But you might
communicate with other young people,” his mother blamed him, but he felt a kindness in her heart.
Two years went by. One day, his father said to the son, “You’ re going to the hospital, son.
Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it’s a secret.” The operation
was a great success, and a new person appeared.
Later he married and became a lawyer. One day, he asked his father, “Who gave me the
ears Who gave me so much I could never do enough for him or her.” “I do not believe you
could,” said the father, “but the agreement was that you are not to know... not yet.”
The years kept their secret, but the day did come. He stood with his father over his mother’s
casket (棺材). Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish
brown hair to reveal the mother had no outer ears.
“Mother said she was glad she never let her hair be cut, ” his father whispered gently, “and
nobody ever thought Mother less beautiful, did they ”
28.Why did Mother gasp when she saw her newborn baby
A.Because her son had a tiny face. B.Because she saw her son crying.
C.Because her son was born imperfect. D.Because her son was in her arms.
29.Which word can describe Mother’s feeling when the son threw himself into her arms
A.Nervous B.Sympathetic(同情的) C.Proud D.Angry
30.Who gave the son the ears
A.His mother B.His father C.His wife D.A stranger
31.The best title for the passage would be ________.
A.Mother’s hair B.An unforgettable memory
C.Who gave me the ears D.Who is my best respectable person
D
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Japanese scientists have created a satellite made of wood, which will be launched into space
as early as this summer.
Called LignoSat, the box-shaped satellite is small enough to be held in your hand, but
inside it are experiments that will show how well a wooden device (装备) can work in space.
LignoSat is the result of a project developed by Kyoto University and the Sumitomo Forestry
company to find new materials for satellites that will be better for our planet.
Until now, all satellites have been made of metal. When they reenter the Earth’s atmosphere
(大气层), they burn up, leaving tiny particles of aluminum (铝) that could be very bad for our
environment, and may even damage (破坏) the ozone layer (臭氧层).
A wooden satellite, however, would burn up into ash, which is far less harmful.
Researchers from Kyoto University tested different kinds of wood—first in laboratories,
and then sending three samples to the International Space Station, where they were tested in the
vacuum (真空) of space for nearly a year. They showed little signs of damage, which the leader of
the project said was probably because there is no oxygen in space which could cause wood to burn,
and no living creatures that might cause it to rot (腐烂).
Different types of wood were tested, and LagnoSat has been made of magnolia (木 兰 )
wood,which was found to be the strongest.
The launch date for LignoSat has not yet been decided, but it should go up on a US rocket
either this summer or a little later in the year. The satellite will then operate in space for at least
six months before reentering the Earth’s atmosphere.
If LignoSat works well in space and the project is a success, then wood could be used to
make more satellites in the future.
32.What is LignoSat
A.It is a metal device. B.It is a new kind of material.
C.It is a box as small as your hand. D.It is a satellite made of magnolia wood.
33.Wood is used to make a satellite because wood can ________.
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A.be harmful to the ozone layer
B.cost less money than other materials
C.leave tiny particles of aluminum in space
D.not rot easily in space and it’s friendly to our environment
34.What can we infer from the passage
A.LignoSat will be sent into space successfully.
B.The project developed by Kyoto University is meaningless.
C.Scientists are uncertain about the future of LignoSat.
D.All satellites will be made of wood instead of metal.
35.What’s the best title for the passage
A.Japan will launch a wooden satellite B.Japan is trying to protect the ozone layer
C.Japan will join the International Space StationD.Japan has found the strongest wood in
the world
四、还原句子(共 4 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 6 分)
English playwright Arthur Wing Pinero said, “Where there’s tea, there’s hope.” Similarly, a
Chinese saying goes that “Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven
necessities to begin a day.”
36 According to statistics, global tea production reached approximately 5.8
million tons in 2018. It has become the most consumed beverage (饮料) in the world—after water,
of course.
In order to celebrate the popular drink, the United Nations General Assembly has named
“May 21” as International Tea Day. 37 You probably know that people in China use
top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests. Meanwhile, afternoon tea is an
important part of the British culture. Making Malaysia’s pulled tea has become a sort of art form,
where drinkers take pride in its entertainment aspects. As an expression of Moroccan hospitality
(好客) and tradition, mint tea-a mix of green tea, spearmint leaves and sugar-is served during
gatherings.
“Apart from its cultural significance, tea is also a medicine.” Tea is cold and lowers the fire,
Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist Li Shizhen once said. 38 Preventing heart disease,
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obesity and cancer has all been linked to drinking green tea, according to the National Center for
Biotechnology Information in the US. The love for healthy tea products continues into a new
decade as it’s used in moisturizers, lip balms and other beauty products.
39 It’s a social custom and also a magic medicine, a link to the past and a way of
life.
A.Avoid drinking too much though it is beneficial.
B.Tea is, without doubt, welcomed all over the world.
C.The health benefits of tea are still being discovered today.
D.Hot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is more than a drink.
E.It has become a big part of many cultures around the world.
F.China, the homeland of tea, is a leading producer and consumer.
五、阅读短文,回答问题。满分 9 分)
Is it difficult for you to remember things I’d like to tell you some ways to improve your
memory so you shouldn’t feel upset.
My first advice is that if you want to remember something well, you have to review it
regularly (规律). You might review the material two days after you learn it, then a week later, then
two weeks later, and then after a whole month, you will find that you can easily remember the
material.
My second advice is to use a colored pen to mark the important parts on your book. This
will help you in two ways. First, it will help you pay attention to the key parts when you learn the
language. It is always easier to remember only the key points. Second, this will make reviewing
easier. When you open your book, the colored parts will show you the key parts quickly. In this
way, you don’t have to review all the material again.
Another piece of advice is to use the proper time well. First, review all the information in
your mind right before you go to sleep. Your brain is working while you are sleeping. If you think
about the information before going to sleep, you might be able to remember it better. Another
good time for memorizing information is in the morning because you have just rested and your
brain is fresh and clear. So you might also try to review the important information in the morning.
40.How many pieces of advice does the writer give
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____________________________________________________________
41.What is the good time to review information
____________________________________________________________
42.What do you think is the best way to improve your memory Why
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六、综合填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入 1 个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案写在答题卡
的相应位置。
According to a latest report, a few schools in China are using a kind of very special uniform.
It is used to watch their students’ 43 (day) life and stop them from playing truant (旷
课).
Such uniforms have tracking chips (追踪芯片) in them to record the time a student enters
the school and a short video 44 parents can see through a mobile app.
Once a student doesn’t have classes without 45 (ask) for leave, an alarm will be
caused to tell both teachers and parents. And a voice alarm will go off as long as a student leaves
school without being allowed. A GPS system also follows a 46 (student) movements
once he has left the school.
Eleven schools in Guizhou 47 (use) the uniforms which are developed by
Guizhou Guanyu Technology over the years. The project manager said that fewer and fewer
students had been absent since the uniforms were used in some schools.
48 , many people are against such uniforms on social media. “Whoever is watched
24 hours a day will feel uncomfortable.” One Weibo user said. “Don’t children have human rights
and privacy ” added 49 (other) user.
Although teachers were able to track students at all times, a headmaster in Guizhou 50
(suggest) that teachers should not make use of this technology often.
“We can have a 51 (choose) to check the position of students after school, and
when the students are missing and playing truant, the uniforms help to find out where they are, but
we should use it 52 (wise).” the headmaster said.
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七、书面表达(共 1 题;满分 15 分)
53.新的学期已经来临,想必大家一定有新的目标,它是我们坚持前行的不竭动力。
请根据以下菌容提示,以“ My new term’s resolutions (目标、计划)”为题, 介绍你的新学期打算,
可以从学科学习、彩趣爱好、品质提升、人际交往等方面着手。
要求如下:
1. 文章必须包含所有要点,计划至少写 2 点;
2. 词数 100 左右;
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、假名等个人信息。
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