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山东省青岛市2024年中考英语真题
一、对话理解（共10分）
（2024·青岛）阅读下列对话，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(Li Lei is going to graduate from junior high school and some unforgettable moments flash...)
SCENE ONE: the second week in Grade7 at school
Li Lei: Hi, Peter. How do you get to school
Peter: I ride a bike. It takes about fifteen 1． .
Li Lei: There are so many clubs in our school. What club do you want to join
Peter: I like running. My favorite subject is PE 2． it's interesting. I'll join the 3． club.
Li Lei: I can sing well, so I want to join the music club. I can also be a volunteer to teach kids music.
Peter: 4． cool.
SCENE TWO: after a math exam in Grade 8 at home
Li Lei: Mom, I study harder, but I still get poor grades in math. And something goes wrong 5． my best friend and me. I often feel lonely and nervous.
Mom: Problems and worries are 6． . I'm glad you share them with me. Talking with others is a good way to get on with them. The 7． thing is to do nothing. For math, you can ask your teacher for some advice.
Li Lei: OK. I'll try to do that. Thank you, Mom. I love you.
SCENE THREE: the last week in Grade 9 in the classroom
Liu Yu: What are you doing, Li Lei
Li Lei: I am writing thank-you cards for our teachers.
Liu Yu: Which teacher will you miss the most after graduation
Li Lei: Ms. Wang. She 8． me to do better in math. And she helped me solve problems by 9． . Who will you miss
Liu Yu: Mr. Brown. He was 10． patient with me and gave me a lot of advice on how to learn English.
Li Lei: I think I'll remember all my teachers.
1．A．minutes B．hours C．days D．weeks
2．A．if B．when C．because D．unless
3．A．music B．sports C．art D．chess
4．A．Tastes B．Looks C．Sounds D．Smells
5．A．above B．over C．around D．between
6．A．relaxing B．interesting C．normal D．easy
7．A．cleverest B．worst C．luckiest D．funniest
8．A．invited B．guided C．ordered D．needed
9．A．ourselves B．themselves C．myself D．himself
10．A．never B．hardly C．seldom D．always
【答案】1．A；2．C；3．B；4．C；5．D；6．C；7．B；8．B；9．C；10．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了李磊即将从初中毕业，他回忆起了一些难忘的时刻。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
1．句意：大约需要15分钟。minutes分钟；hours小时；days天；weeks周。根据I ride a bike. It takes about fifteen可知是骑自行车15分钟到学校。故选A。
2．句意：我最喜欢的科目是体育，因为它很有趣。if如果；when当；because因为；unless除非。后句是前句的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
3．句意：我将参加运动俱乐部。music音乐；sports运动；art艺术；chess象棋。根据My favorite subject is PE可知喜欢体育，所以参加运动俱乐部。故选B。
4．句意：听起来很酷。tastes尝起来；looks看起来；sounds听起来；smells闻起来。根据so I want to join the music club. I can also be a volunteer to teach kids music.可知是觉得对方的想法听起来不错。故选C。
5．句意：我和我最好的朋友之间出了问题。above在上方；over在上方；around在周围；between在……之间。根据my best friend and me可知是我和我最好的朋友之间。故选D。
6．句意：问题和担忧是正常的。relaxing令人放松的；interesting有趣的；normal正常的；easy容易的。根据Problems and worries are可知问题和担忧是正常的。故选C。
7．句意：最糟糕的是什么都不做。cleverest最聪明的；worst最差的；luckiest最幸运的；funniest最有趣的。根据thing is to do nothing可知什么都不做是最糟糕的。故选B。
8．句意：她指导我把数学学得更好。invited邀请；guided指导；ordered命令；needed需要。根据me to do better in math可知老师指导他学好数学。故选B。
9．句意：她帮助我自己解决问题。ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己；myself我自己；himself他自己。根据helped me solve problems by可知是让我自己解决问题。故选C。
10．句意：他对我总是很有耐心， 给了我很多关于如何学习英语的建议。never从不；hardly几乎不；seldom很少；always总是。根据patient with me and gave me a lot of advice on how to learn English.可知他总是很有耐心。故选D。
二、完形填空 （共10分）
（2024·青岛）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was December and the snow was falling quietly outside. The four March sisters, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy, were sitting 11． the fire. They were knitting (编织) socks for soldiers (土兵). There was a war and everyone had to help. The festival was coming, but they wouldn't get any 12． from their mother, Mrs. March.
"We've got Father and Mother, and each other," said Beth. They looked happy when hearing this. Then Jo said, "But it is a 13． that our father is far away with the soldiers."
Nobody spoke for a minute, and then Meg said, "Mother says our men are at war and we mustn't spend money for pleasure. That's 14． we can't have presents this year."
Although they would have no presents, they each had a dollar. They began to share what they wanted to buy. Jo would like to buy a book for herself because she was a book lover. Beth planned to spend hers on new music. She played the piano and loved singing. Amy would like a nice box of drawing pencils, for she wanted to be a(n) 15． .
Jo thought Mother didn't say anything about their mopey and she wouldn't wish them to give up 16． . They worked hard so they 17． buy what they wanted each and had a little fun. It was true. The two elder sisters had jobs.
Just then the clock struck (击) six. Beth 18． and put her mother's slippers near the fire to warm.
"Those slippers are very old," said Jo. "Mother needs some new ones."
"I can buy a pair for her with my 19． dollars," said Beth.
"No, I'm the oldest," Meg said. "I want to buy the slippers for her."
"I have an idea," said Beth. "Don't buy presents for ourselves. Get some for Mother 20． ." Her sisters thought that was a very good idea.
—Adaptation (改编) from Little Women by Louisa May Alcott
11．A．around B．without C．above D．except
12．A．presents B．food C．money D．hugs
13．A．joke B．surprise C．pity D．pleasure
14．A．how B．why C．where D．when
15．A．singer B．dancer C．artist D．actress
16．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
17．A．should B．would C．must D．could
18．A．got up B．woke up C．showed up D．stayed up
19．A．useless B．secret C．own D．borrowed
20．A．though B．instead C．already D．yet
【答案】11．A；12．A；13．C；14．B；15．C；16．D；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．B
【知识点】记叙文；文学著作
【解析】【分析】本文节选自《小妇人》，主要讲述了四个女孩讨论圣诞礼物的场景。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答，特别注意必须充分考虑到上下文具体语境，选择最佳答案。同时，在平时学习过程中也要注意词汇、固定搭配、句型等知识的熟练掌握。
11．句意：马奇四姐妹，梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米，围坐在炉火旁。around周围；without没有；above在上方；except除了。根据the fire可知是围坐在炉火旁。故选A。
12．句意：但她们没有从母亲马奇太太那里得到任何礼物。presents礼物；food食物；money钱；hugs拥抱。根据we can't have presents this year.可知是没有得到节日礼物。故选A。
13．句意：可惜我们的父亲和士兵们在很远的地方。joke玩笑；surprise吃惊；pity遗憾；pleasure愉快。根据our father is far away with the soldiers可知她们的父亲在很远的地方，这是很遗憾的事情。故选C。
14．句意：这就是为什么我们今年不能收到礼物。how如何；why为什么；where哪里；when当。Mother says our men are at war and we mustn't spend money for pleasure是we can't have presents this year的原因，用why引导。故选B。
15．句意：艾米想要一盒漂亮的绘图铅笔，因为她想成为一名画家。singer歌手；dancer舞者；artist画家；actress演员。根据Amy would like a nice box of drawing pencils可知她想要绘图铅笔，因为她想成为画家。故选C。
16．句意：乔以为妈妈什么也没说，她也不希望她们放弃所有东西。nothing没有事；something一些事；anything任何事；everything所有事。根据she wouldn't wish them to give up可知是放弃所有东西，保留一美元卖自己想买的东西。故选D。
17．句意：她们努力工作，所以她们能买她们想要的东西，并享受一点乐趣。should应该；would将；must必须；could能。根据buy what they wanted each and had a little fun可知她们工作很努力，所以她们能买一些自己想要的东西。故选D。
18．句意：贝丝站起来，把妈妈的拖鞋放在炉火旁取暖。got up起来；woke up醒来；showed up现身；stayed up熬夜。根据put her mother's slippers near the fire to warm.可知是站起来，把妈妈的拖鞋放在炉火旁。故选A。
19．句意：我可以用自己的钱给她买一双。useless无用的；secret秘密的；own自己的；borrowed借。根据I can buy a pair for her with my...可知是想用自己的钱给妈妈买一双鞋。故选C。
20．句意：给妈妈买些吧。though虽然；instead相反；already已经；yet还。根据Don't buy presents for ourselves. Get some for Mother可知不给自己买礼物，相反给妈妈买。故选B。
三、阅读文本, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
（2024·青岛）
Qingdao Must-visit: Mount Lao Zhongshan Road May Fourth Square Duration: 2 days Transportation advice: Highlights: beautiful sea and beach a one-day city walk in the old town a visit to see cute ocean animals Chengdu Must-visit: Mount. Qingcheng Chunxi Road Panda Base Duration: 3 days Transportation advice: Highlights: preparation of panda meals with your own hands delicious food such as bot pot and Dandan noodles
Xi'an Must-visit: The Terracotta Army The Bell Tower Duration: 4 days Transportation advice: Highlights: a city with many historical museums famous food such as Roujiamo Shanghai Must-visit: Yuyuan The Bund Duration: 4 days Transportation advice: Highlights: a mixture of Chinese and foreign cultures one of the world's largest cities
Share your ideas here, and we'll help better your travel plan. The more information you give, the greater your plan will be.
Name: Lily Age: 15 Country: France Travel Style: a first-time traveler I have never been to China, so I hope to visit two cities in no more than 6 days. I can't wait to have a taste of Chinese delicious food.
Name: Eric Age: 14 Country: Russia Travel Style: a culture traveler Well, I'm crazy about traditional Chinese culture. I am airsick, and I heard the HSR (High Speed Rail) in China is very fast and comfortable.
Name: Cindy: Age: 14 Country: South Africa Travel Style; a slow traveler I am not an early bird, so it's better for me to travel after noon. Just walking along the city street and enjoying the sea wind sound wonderful to me.
Name: Jack Age: 15 Country: Brazil Travel Style: a nature traveler I love animals. I hope I can see some local animals in China and I will be more than happy if I have a chance to take care of the cute animals.
21．Which tour choice may Lily make
A．Xi'an and Chengdu. B．Shanghai and Xi'an.
C．Qingdao and Chengdu. D．Chengdu and Shanghai.
22．What kind of transportation may Eric choose
A． B． C． D．
23．Which of the following places may Cindy visit
A．The Bell Tower. B．Mount. Qingcheng.
C．May Fourth Square. D．Chunxi Road.
24．If Cindy leaves Shanghai for Xi'an on June 17th, she will book a ticket of ________.
A．YZ4961 B．YZ2413 C．G2054 D．G2685
25．Who is most possibly interested in Panda Base
A．Lily. B．Eric. C．Cindy. D．Jack.
【答案】21．C
22．A
23．C
24．D
25．D
【知识点】旅游观光类；应用文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是关于四位年轻旅行者的旅游计划和偏好以及四条旅游线路分别为：青岛、成都、西安和上海， 每个人都有自己独特的旅行风格和兴趣。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂文章大意，然后从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终选择正确答案。
21．细节理解题。根据I have never been to China, so I hope to visit two cities in no more than 6 days.I can't wait to have a taste of Chinese delicious food.可知Lily希望6天时间游览两个城市，想尝中国美味；根据青岛线路Duration: 2 days以及成都线路Duration: 3 days，且根据成都线路delicious food such as bot pot and Dandan noodles可知青岛线路和成都线路符合Lily的要求。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据Eric的信息I'm crazy about traditional Chinese culture. I am airsick,and I heard the HSR (High Speed Rail) in China is very fast and comfortable.可知Eric对中国传统文化很着迷，他晕机，希望乘坐的交通工具是高铁，结合选项， A符合语境。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据Cindy的信息Just walking along the city street and enjoying the sea wind sound wonderful to me.可知Cindy喜欢海边漫步，根据青岛线路beautiful sea and beach以及a one-day city walk in the old town可知青岛符合Cindy的要求；同时根据Must-visit: Mount Lao Zhongshan Road May Fourth Square可知Cindy游览青岛线路可能会游览五四广场。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据Cindy的信息I am not an early bird,so it's better for me to travel after noon.可知Cindy中午以后旅行，结合订票信息，G2685的时间符合Cindy的要求。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据成都线路Highlights: preparation of panda meals with your own hands可知喜欢熊猫和照顾动物的人会选择此线路；根据I love animals. I hope I can see some local animals in China and I will be more than happy if I have a chance to take care of the cute animals.可知Jack喜欢动物并愿意照顾动物，因而熊猫基地会最吸引Jack。故选D。
（2024·青岛）At M. E. School in Tucson, Arizona, raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem: many people in the neighborhood didn't have enough food. The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn't always have enough money for dinner. Buying fresh foods, such as vegetables and meat, was difficult. The teachers had an idea: could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood
It wouldn't be easy. There isn't enough water in Tucson because it is in a desert. Soil (土壤) doesn't always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow, so the students would need natural helpers.
To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants' roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank. Students do research on the fish. "I did a task in the project on how much tilapia eat." says Emmanuel. "We wanted to see if they preferred to eat in warm or cold water. They liked warm water better."
Fish aren't the only animals that help students feed their neighbors. Chickens lay eggs. Bees also come to help turn flowers into vegetables.
When the students have raised enough food, it's time for Market Day. Vegetables are given to people in the neighborhood for free. Students sell eggs and tilapia to raise money for seeds (种子), fish food and chicken food.
"People don't have a lot of money, so it's a nice dream we have to give them food. It's also a chance to be healthy and eat better." says Emmanuel. "We can plant good food and have fun while we're doing something important," says Blanks. "I'm so happy to be at this school."
26．Why did the teachers at M. E. School decide to raise food for the neighborhood
①The families in the neighborhood were poor.
②People there wanted a market for fresh foods.
③Students wanted to learn bow to grow vegetables.
④The natural condition isn't proper for growing plants.
A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③
27．Which picture can describe the project according to the passage
A． B．
C． D．
28．Which word can be used to describe the project in the school
A．Traditional. B．Creative. C．Professional. D．Private.
29．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs
A．The project has been widely spread.
B．Eggs and tilapia are sold at a good price.
C．The project brings the students a feeling of pride.
D．Students have raised enough money to buy vegetables.
30．What is the best title of the passage
A．A Story of Helping the Poor. B．An Experience in the Desert.
C．A Project from Seeds to Sales. D．A Dream of Giving Vegetables.
【答案】26．C
27．B
28．B
29．C
30．D
【知识点】说明文；身边的事物与环境；细节理解；推理判断；标题选择
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E. 学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
26．细节理解题。根据"The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn't always have enough money for dinner"和"Soil (土壤) doesn't always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow"可知，M. E. School决定为邻里社区种植食物是因为附近的人家都很穷以及这里的自然条件不适宜种植植物。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据"To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants' roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank."可知，为了解决这个问题，学校建立了一个系统，在这个系统中，鱼粪使植物生长得更好，植物的根清洁鱼缸里的水。结合选项，B中的图片最符合。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据"To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants' roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank."结合全文内容可知，这个项目展示了学校采用创新的方法解决问题，因此最适合描述这个项目的词是creative"创新的"。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据"People don't have a lot of money, so it's a nice dream we have to give them food. It's also a chance to be healthy and eat better"（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。这也是一个保持健康和变得更好的机会。）结合文章最后两段内容可推断，这个项目给学生们带来了自豪感，因为他们能为邻里社区做出贡献，同时也通过销售鸡蛋和罗非鱼筹集了种子和食物的费用。故选C。
30．标题归纳题。根据"People don't have a lot of money, so it's a nice dream we have to give them food."（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。）结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E.学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题，因而最适合的标题是"A Dream of Giving Vegetables. "。故选D。
（2024·青岛）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Active Listening
When we talk, we typically expect others to listen with attention. But when someone else is speaking, are we showing them the same politeness
Listening well doesn't come naturally to most people.　31． 　. This also means we often don't really focus (集中) on what people are saying. One way to listen with more care and attention is to practice active listening.
　32． 　. Active listening is not only hearing someone's words but also taking notes of their nonverbal (非口头的) communication. Nonverbal communication can include body language, the tone (语气) and their talking speed. By practicing active listening, we can hold onto important information better and show care to others. This useful skill makes others want to discuss things with us.
To get better at active listening, give the speaker your complete attention.　33． 　, it is easier said than done. Stopping thinking about your phone and clearing your mind of your own thoughts are the first steps.　34． 　, it's easier to give your complete attention to the speaker.
Another way to practice active listening is to notice body language. Research shows that 55% of face-to-face communication is nonverbal, 38% vocal (噪音的) and 7% words.　35． 　. With that in mind, you can give proper replies like nodding, smiling or looking at them politely.
Now do you know how to listen actively
A. By forgetting those things that could influence you
B. Although this may seem clear and easy to notice and understand
C. This means we don't pay attention to what someone is expressing
D. When someone is speaking, their body language is giving information, too
E. Because most of us live in a busy world, we care about certain things and miss the rest
F. Active listening is focusing on what someone is communicating and giving your understanding
【答案】31．E；32．F；33．B；34．A；35．D
【知识点】人生百味类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了积极倾听的重要性以及如何做到积极倾听。
【点评】考查阅读还原，首先理解选项意思，然后根据文章大意和关键词句确定正确答案，最终仔细检查答案。
31．根据下文This also means we often don't really focus(集中)on what people are saying.可知，这意味着我们时常不是真正集中注意力在别人说话的内容上，此处在解释上文Listening well doesn't come naturally to most people.说明倾听并非天生的原因。选项E由于我们大多数人生活在忙碌的世界中，我们关心某些事物，错过了其他的"符合语境。故选E。
32．根据下文Active listening is not only hearing someone's words but also taking notes of their nonverbal(非口头的) communication.可知积极聆听关注的是不仅是对方的表达，还要注意他们的非口头交流。此处谈论与积极聆听相关的内容。选项F"积极倾听就是关注某人正在交流的内容并表达你的理解"符合语境。故选F。
33．根据上文To get better at active listening, give the speaker your complete attention.可知，要更好地进行积极聆听，就要把你的全部注意力放在说话人身上，根据it is easier said than done可知，此处表示转折的内容。选项B"虽然这可能看起来很清楚，很容易注意到和理解"符合语境。故选B。
34．根据上文Stopping thinking about your phone and clearing your mind of your own thoughts are the first steps.可知，不要去想你的手机，把你的脑袋清空，是第一步，此处在说明这么做的好处。选项A"通过把那些会影响你的东西都忘掉"符合语境。故选A。
35．根据上文Another way to practice active listening is to notice body language.可知，练习积极聆听的另一个方法是注意肢体语言，说明此处与肢体语言有关。选项D"当有人在说话时，他们的肢体语言也在提供信息"符合语境。故选D。
四、短文填空
（2024·青岛）短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或者括号内的提示，用单词的正确形式填空。
Kites are one of the oldest and simplest toys, which enjoy popularity all over the world.
It is said　36． 　 the kites were invented in the early Warring States Period by Mozi and Lu Ban. The period saw many wars and kites　37． 　 (play) an important role in scaring off enemies. Also, kites could　38． 　 (使用) for testing the wind, lifting men, communicating with others and so on. For example, people used to write their own names on the kite when they were unhappy or felt　39． 　 (/wi: k/). By doing so, they believed that their bad luck would go with the kite.　40． 　 an increasing number of people flying kites, kites became more popular and were introduced from China to Japan, Korea and some western countries.
A famous kite story　41． 　 (be) about the American inventor Benjamin Franklin. He flew a kite during a thunderstorm. Electricity ran down the wet string and gave him　42． 　 small shock, which showed lightning was electricity for the　43． 　 (one) time. When Franklin tried it again, he was badly hurt. Believe it or not, do not try this dangerous action yourself!
So far, people　44． 　 (develop) kites of different sizes, shapes and colors. Some kites even have LED lights for fun light shows.　45． 　 a sunny day, you can see many kites flying above parks and fields. Colorful kites and children's smiling faces form a wonderful picture, which brings a new life to Chinese traditional culture.
【答案】36．that；37．played；38．be used；39．weak；40．With；41．is；42．a；43．first；44．have developed；45．On
【知识点】说明文；中国历史
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了风筝的历史、用途和影响。
【点评】考查语法填空，首先读懂文章大意，然后识记单词词义及词性，最后结合语法和句意确定单词正确形式。
36．句意：据说风筝是战国早期由墨子和鲁班发明的。It is said that..."据说……"，固定句型。故填that。
37．句意：这一时期发生了许多战争，风筝在吓退敌人方面发挥了重要作用。play，玩，动词。根据"The period saw"可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词应用过去式。故填played。
38．句意：此外，风筝还可以用来测风、载人、与人交流等等。使用，use，动词。主语kites 和动词use之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；根据空前could可知，应用含情态动词的被动语态，构成形式为：could be done。故填be used。
39．句意：例如，当人们不开心或感到虚弱时，他们会在风筝上写下自己的名字。根据音标/wi: k/可知，空处应是weak"虚弱的"，形容词作表语。故填weak。
40．句意：随着放风筝的人越来越多，风筝越来越受欢迎，并从中国传到日本、韩国和一些西方国家。根据"...an increasing number of people flying kites, kites became more popular "可知，此处指"随着风筝越来越多"，空处表示伴随，故应用介词with。注意句首单词首字母要大写，故填With。
41．句意： 一个著名的风筝故事是关于美国发明家本杰明 富兰克林的。be，是，系动词。根据上下文语境可知，句子应用一般现在时表示客观事实。主语是 A famous kite story，故be用is。故填is。
42．句意：电流顺着湿漉漉的细绳流下，给了他一个小小的电击，这是第一次证明闪电是电。空处表示泛指"一个电击"，且small以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
43．句意：电流顺着湿漉漉的细绳流下，给了他一个小小的电击，这是第一次证明闪电是电。one，一，基数词。for the first time第一次，固定短语，first是one的序数词。故填first。
44．句意：到目前为止，人们已经开发了不同大小、形状和颜色的风筝。develop，发展，动词。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done。主语是复数名词，所以助动词用have，故填have developed。
45．句意：在阳光明媚的日子里，你可以看到许多风筝在公园和田野上空飞翔。on a sunny day在阳光明媚的日子里， 指具体的某一天，用介词on。注意句首单词首字母要大写，故填On。
五、阅读表达
（2024·青岛）阅读下面短文，完成问题。
Young Chinese Baker Rocks "Bread Olympics"
A dancing lion, a lovely panda and other Chinese symbols in interesting shapes—when these are grouped together, what kind of magic can happen This one-meter-high bread was out of the hands of Gong Xin, a Chinese baker who won the first place in the ninth World Bread Competition, also known as "the Bread Olympic Games", making him the first ever Chinese champion (冠军) of this event. Many foreigners say (A)it is the same as a foreigner taking the first place in a dumpling-making competition in China.
After graduating from school, Gong began to learn to make bread. He worked in a bakery. Soon, he found that it could not help realize his dream because he wished to become a top baker. He then left to further his bread-making skills in a famous school. The journey of growing from a common baker to a skilled one took him only two years, but behind the rapid progress were many hours of sweating (汗水) in his free time. For Gong, hard work had produced fantastic skills, but he kept wondering how he could take those skills to the next level, which was the reason why he took part in the competition.
As a well-known international bakery competition, the World Bread Competition requires each competitor to make different types of healthy bread with creative ideas. Gong tried a lot day in, day out, finally making a name for himself.
A young baker from a small town has grown into a world champion. "Challenges are everywhere. One should have more practice, patience and a deep love for the job. More communication and exchanges about the ideas especially expressing the traditional Chinese culture with other people are also necessary," he said, adding that when he watched people enjoying and admiring his bread, he got a strong feeling of satisfaction. That is the force to keep him moving forward.
46．What can we infer from the foreigners' words (A) in Paragraph One
47．What made Gong the champion of the competition (List two points.)
48．根据短文内容，绘制一个思维导图，呈现你对文章的理解。
要求：
①提炼文章主题并归纳至少3个信息要点；
②主题和各要点问逻辑清晰；
③可参考下列图式, 也可自行创作；
④总词数控制在20—30。
【答案】46．It's hard and unbelievable for Gong to be the champion as a Chinese.
47．①His fantastic skills. ②His desire or progress/winning.
48．
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了来自中国的面包师龚鑫在第九届世界面包大赛中获得了第一名。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂文章大意，然后结合题目，从文中抓住关键词句，结合语法确定正确答案。
46．根据Many foreigners say (A) it is the same as a foreigner taking the first place in a dumpling-making competition in China. 可知许多外国人说这就像一个外国人在中国的包饺子比赛中获得第一名一样，可推知，作为一个中国人，龚要成为冠军是很难的，而且很令人难以置信。故填It's hard and unbelievable for Gong to be the champion as a Chinese.。
47．根据Soon,he found that it could not help realize his dream because he wished to become a top baker...For Gong, hard work had produced fantastic skills, but he kept wondering how he could take those skills to the next level, which was the reason why he took part in the competition.可知他发现这无法帮助他实现梦想，因为他想成为一名顶级面包师，对于龚来说，艰苦的训练造就了非凡的技巧，但他一直想知道如何将这些技能提升到一个新的水平，这就是他参加比赛的原因，所以他非凡的技巧和对进步/胜利的渴望，让龚成为了比赛的冠军。故填①His fantastic skills. ②His desire or progress/winning.。
48．根据This one-meter-high bread was out of the hands of Gong Xin,a Chinese baker who won the first place in the ninth World Bread Competition...可知第一段主要介绍了他是谁以及他的职业；根据After graduating from school, Gong began to learn to make bread...可知第二段主要介绍了他学习烘焙的经历；根据Gong tried a lot day in,day out,finally making a name for himself.可知第三段主要讲述了他是如何赢得比赛的；根据Challenges are everywhere. One should have more practice,patience and a deep love for the job. More communication and exchanges about the ideas especially expressing the traditional Chinese culture with other people are also necessary可知第四段主要在讲述他给人们的建议。故答案为
（2024·青岛）阅读下面短文，完成问题。
There is more ocean on our planet than there is land. The first ship sailed (航海) all the way around the world about five hundred years ago. And the first journey to the deep sea floor was no more than one hundred years ago. Today the ocean is still strange to us. We are making efforts to explore (探索) (A)it.
To early sailors, the ocean was a scary place, full of dangerous living things. They thought that, deep below, the ocean was a cold, dark and lifeless place. Ocean exploration was also stopped by the conditions below. The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.
In 1872, the first ship for ocean exploration set out on a four-year trip around the world. It carried the best scientific equipment of the time. An underwater mountain chain and more than 4, 000 new kinds of living things were discovered. The results of this journey were important, which encouraged farther exploration. In 1934, two divers dived half a mile below the surface of the ocean in the submersible (潜水器) they designed for deep-sea diving. People could see the underwater world with their own eyes. Since then, improvements have been made in diving equipment, allowing people to travel deeper for a longer time.
In recent years, China's ocean exploration (B)has taken off rapidly. Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China. Fendouzhe, for example, can take humans to depths of over 10, 000 meters and collect materials for research.
The work of deep-sea explorers has given us a picture of life far below the surface. (C) There is now greater understanding of the life in the ocean. We have realized our dependence on healthy oceans and that there's still a lot remaining to be discovered in the ocean. What hasn't been seen yet
49．What does (A) it refer to (指的是) in Paragraph One
50．Which entry (词条) can explain the meaning of (B) has taken off in Paragraph Four according to the dictionary (填写词条序号)
51．Translate the underlined sentence (C) into Chinese.
52．根据短文内容填空。 (每空限1个单词)
Although most of the earth's surface is covered by the ocean, the history of ocean exploration is not　 　 enough. In the early days, terrible conditions deep below the ocean stopped humans from exploring. Also, divers didn't have certain equipment to　 　 themselves. As time passed by, humans realized that diving equipment was of huge　 　 for farther exploration. They couldn't reach the sea floor　 　 they had special equipment. Humans made efforts to improve it. Nowadays, we Chinese completely　 　 on ourselves and design some well-known submersibles such as Fendouzhe. Still, a lot of unknown things in the ocean　 　 to be seen.
【答案】49．The ocean.
50．6.
51．现在人们对海洋生物有了更深入的了解。
52．long；protect；help；unless；depend；remain
【知识点】说明文；中国历史
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了海洋探索的发展历程，特别介绍了中国在这方面取得的伟大成就。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先理解题意，然后带着问题从文中抓住相关语句，结合语法确定正确答案。
49．根据Today the ocean is still strange to us. We are making efforts to explore(探索)(A) it.可知如今海洋对于我们来说依然陌生，我们正在努力去探索它，故此处it指代"海洋"。故填The ocean.
50．根据Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China可知中国自主设计研制的多艘载人深海潜水器已完成数千次下潜，中国的海洋勘探事业迅速发展，因此"has taken off"这里解释为"发展或成功"，正好对应词典解释第6条"take off"突然开始成功，开始发红，突然有了起色。故填6.
51．there is有；now现在； greater understanding of更深入的了解；the life in the ocean海洋生物。故填现在人们对海洋生物有了更深入的了解。
52．根据The first ship sailed(航海)all the way around the world about five hundred years ago. And the first journey to the deep sea floor was no more than one hundred years ago.可知第一次航行至深海底则不超过一百年前，海洋探索的历史不够悠久，第一个空填long；根据The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，所以潜水员没有特定的设备来保护自己，protect保护，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形；根据The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，即人类意识到潜水设备对于进一步的探索有着巨大的帮助，help帮助；根据The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，即除非他们有特殊的设备，否则他们无法到达海底，unless除非；根据Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China. Fendouzhe,for example,can take humans to depths of over 10, 000 meters and collect materials for research.可知我们中国人完全依靠自己，设计了一些著名的潜水器，depend on依靠，句子用一般现在时，主语是we，谓语动词用原形；根据We have realized our dependence on healthy oceans and that there's still a lot remaining to be discovered in the ocean可知海洋中仍有许多未知的东西有待观察，remain仍然存在，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填long；protect；help；unless；depend；remain。
六、书面表达
53．（2024·青岛）在多彩的初中校园生活中，你可能学会了一项体育技能，发展了一项艺术才能；也可能进行了一次精彩的演讲，参加了一次有意义的研学……这些都助力了你的成长，让你终身受益。假如学校公众号以My Story in Junior High School为题征稿，请选择1—2项内容，讲述你的成长故事，并谈论你的感受以及相关的发展计划。
要求：
1. 词数80—100；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等相关信息。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
My Story in Junior High School
Last term, our teacher took us to a farm for a study tour. In the activity, we not only learned how to plant crops, but also experienced the importance of labor. At the same time, it also allowed us to experience the hardships of farmers. After this event, although we were tired, we were very happy.
I think the school trip is really meaningful for us. We can not only relax ourselves but also learn a lot from it. I will take part in more such activities in my future free time.
【知识点】命题作文；记叙文；学校生活
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文，主要介绍初中生活的故事。时态是一般过去时、一般将来时和一般现在时，首先介绍研学的活动；然后介绍对研学的感受。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
【点评】作文内容全面，运用好词好句，如：took...to+地点名词；not only...but also；learn how to do sth.；the importance of；at the same time；allow sb. to do sth.；be meaningful for；relax oneself；learn a lot from；take part in等。好词好句的运用为文章增色不少，如介绍研学活动Last term, our teacher took us to a farm for a study tour. In the activity, we not only learned how to plant crops, but also experienced the importance of labor. At the same time, it also allowed us to experience the hardships of farmers.；状语从句After this event, although we were tired, we were very happy.；宾语从句介绍感受I think the school trip is really meaningful for us.We can not only relax ourselves but also learn a lot from it.I will take part in more such activities in my future free time.等。连词although、not only...but also...、，and的运用使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
1 / 1山东省青岛市2024年中考英语真题
一、对话理解（共10分）
（2024·青岛）阅读下列对话，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(Li Lei is going to graduate from junior high school and some unforgettable moments flash...)
SCENE ONE: the second week in Grade7 at school
Li Lei: Hi, Peter. How do you get to school
Peter: I ride a bike. It takes about fifteen 1． .
Li Lei: There are so many clubs in our school. What club do you want to join
Peter: I like running. My favorite subject is PE 2． it's interesting. I'll join the 3． club.
Li Lei: I can sing well, so I want to join the music club. I can also be a volunteer to teach kids music.
Peter: 4． cool.
SCENE TWO: after a math exam in Grade 8 at home
Li Lei: Mom, I study harder, but I still get poor grades in math. And something goes wrong 5． my best friend and me. I often feel lonely and nervous.
Mom: Problems and worries are 6． . I'm glad you share them with me. Talking with others is a good way to get on with them. The 7． thing is to do nothing. For math, you can ask your teacher for some advice.
Li Lei: OK. I'll try to do that. Thank you, Mom. I love you.
SCENE THREE: the last week in Grade 9 in the classroom
Liu Yu: What are you doing, Li Lei
Li Lei: I am writing thank-you cards for our teachers.
Liu Yu: Which teacher will you miss the most after graduation
Li Lei: Ms. Wang. She 8． me to do better in math. And she helped me solve problems by 9． . Who will you miss
Liu Yu: Mr. Brown. He was 10． patient with me and gave me a lot of advice on how to learn English.
Li Lei: I think I'll remember all my teachers.
1．A．minutes B．hours C．days D．weeks
2．A．if B．when C．because D．unless
3．A．music B．sports C．art D．chess
4．A．Tastes B．Looks C．Sounds D．Smells
5．A．above B．over C．around D．between
6．A．relaxing B．interesting C．normal D．easy
7．A．cleverest B．worst C．luckiest D．funniest
8．A．invited B．guided C．ordered D．needed
9．A．ourselves B．themselves C．myself D．himself
10．A．never B．hardly C．seldom D．always
二、完形填空 （共10分）
（2024·青岛）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was December and the snow was falling quietly outside. The four March sisters, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy, were sitting 11． the fire. They were knitting (编织) socks for soldiers (土兵). There was a war and everyone had to help. The festival was coming, but they wouldn't get any 12． from their mother, Mrs. March.
"We've got Father and Mother, and each other," said Beth. They looked happy when hearing this. Then Jo said, "But it is a 13． that our father is far away with the soldiers."
Nobody spoke for a minute, and then Meg said, "Mother says our men are at war and we mustn't spend money for pleasure. That's 14． we can't have presents this year."
Although they would have no presents, they each had a dollar. They began to share what they wanted to buy. Jo would like to buy a book for herself because she was a book lover. Beth planned to spend hers on new music. She played the piano and loved singing. Amy would like a nice box of drawing pencils, for she wanted to be a(n) 15． .
Jo thought Mother didn't say anything about their mopey and she wouldn't wish them to give up 16． . They worked hard so they 17． buy what they wanted each and had a little fun. It was true. The two elder sisters had jobs.
Just then the clock struck (击) six. Beth 18． and put her mother's slippers near the fire to warm.
"Those slippers are very old," said Jo. "Mother needs some new ones."
"I can buy a pair for her with my 19． dollars," said Beth.
"No, I'm the oldest," Meg said. "I want to buy the slippers for her."
"I have an idea," said Beth. "Don't buy presents for ourselves. Get some for Mother 20． ." Her sisters thought that was a very good idea.
—Adaptation (改编) from Little Women by Louisa May Alcott
11．A．around B．without C．above D．except
12．A．presents B．food C．money D．hugs
13．A．joke B．surprise C．pity D．pleasure
14．A．how B．why C．where D．when
15．A．singer B．dancer C．artist D．actress
16．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
17．A．should B．would C．must D．could
18．A．got up B．woke up C．showed up D．stayed up
19．A．useless B．secret C．own D．borrowed
20．A．though B．instead C．already D．yet
三、阅读文本, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
（2024·青岛）
Qingdao Must-visit: Mount Lao Zhongshan Road May Fourth Square Duration: 2 days Transportation advice: Highlights: beautiful sea and beach a one-day city walk in the old town a visit to see cute ocean animals Chengdu Must-visit: Mount. Qingcheng Chunxi Road Panda Base Duration: 3 days Transportation advice: Highlights: preparation of panda meals with your own hands delicious food such as bot pot and Dandan noodles
Xi'an Must-visit: The Terracotta Army The Bell Tower Duration: 4 days Transportation advice: Highlights: a city with many historical museums famous food such as Roujiamo Shanghai Must-visit: Yuyuan The Bund Duration: 4 days Transportation advice: Highlights: a mixture of Chinese and foreign cultures one of the world's largest cities
Share your ideas here, and we'll help better your travel plan. The more information you give, the greater your plan will be.
Name: Lily Age: 15 Country: France Travel Style: a first-time traveler I have never been to China, so I hope to visit two cities in no more than 6 days. I can't wait to have a taste of Chinese delicious food.
Name: Eric Age: 14 Country: Russia Travel Style: a culture traveler Well, I'm crazy about traditional Chinese culture. I am airsick, and I heard the HSR (High Speed Rail) in China is very fast and comfortable.
Name: Cindy: Age: 14 Country: South Africa Travel Style; a slow traveler I am not an early bird, so it's better for me to travel after noon. Just walking along the city street and enjoying the sea wind sound wonderful to me.
Name: Jack Age: 15 Country: Brazil Travel Style: a nature traveler I love animals. I hope I can see some local animals in China and I will be more than happy if I have a chance to take care of the cute animals.
21．Which tour choice may Lily make
A．Xi'an and Chengdu. B．Shanghai and Xi'an.
C．Qingdao and Chengdu. D．Chengdu and Shanghai.
22．What kind of transportation may Eric choose
A． B． C． D．
23．Which of the following places may Cindy visit
A．The Bell Tower. B．Mount. Qingcheng.
C．May Fourth Square. D．Chunxi Road.
24．If Cindy leaves Shanghai for Xi'an on June 17th, she will book a ticket of ________.
A．YZ4961 B．YZ2413 C．G2054 D．G2685
25．Who is most possibly interested in Panda Base
A．Lily. B．Eric. C．Cindy. D．Jack.
（2024·青岛）At M. E. School in Tucson, Arizona, raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem: many people in the neighborhood didn't have enough food. The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn't always have enough money for dinner. Buying fresh foods, such as vegetables and meat, was difficult. The teachers had an idea: could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood
It wouldn't be easy. There isn't enough water in Tucson because it is in a desert. Soil (土壤) doesn't always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow, so the students would need natural helpers.
To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants' roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank. Students do research on the fish. "I did a task in the project on how much tilapia eat." says Emmanuel. "We wanted to see if they preferred to eat in warm or cold water. They liked warm water better."
Fish aren't the only animals that help students feed their neighbors. Chickens lay eggs. Bees also come to help turn flowers into vegetables.
When the students have raised enough food, it's time for Market Day. Vegetables are given to people in the neighborhood for free. Students sell eggs and tilapia to raise money for seeds (种子), fish food and chicken food.
"People don't have a lot of money, so it's a nice dream we have to give them food. It's also a chance to be healthy and eat better." says Emmanuel. "We can plant good food and have fun while we're doing something important," says Blanks. "I'm so happy to be at this school."
26．Why did the teachers at M. E. School decide to raise food for the neighborhood
①The families in the neighborhood were poor.
②People there wanted a market for fresh foods.
③Students wanted to learn bow to grow vegetables.
④The natural condition isn't proper for growing plants.
A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③
27．Which picture can describe the project according to the passage
A． B．
C． D．
28．Which word can be used to describe the project in the school
A．Traditional. B．Creative. C．Professional. D．Private.
29．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs
A．The project has been widely spread.
B．Eggs and tilapia are sold at a good price.
C．The project brings the students a feeling of pride.
D．Students have raised enough money to buy vegetables.
30．What is the best title of the passage
A．A Story of Helping the Poor. B．An Experience in the Desert.
C．A Project from Seeds to Sales. D．A Dream of Giving Vegetables.
（2024·青岛）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Active Listening
When we talk, we typically expect others to listen with attention. But when someone else is speaking, are we showing them the same politeness
Listening well doesn't come naturally to most people.　31． 　. This also means we often don't really focus (集中) on what people are saying. One way to listen with more care and attention is to practice active listening.
　32． 　. Active listening is not only hearing someone's words but also taking notes of their nonverbal (非口头的) communication. Nonverbal communication can include body language, the tone (语气) and their talking speed. By practicing active listening, we can hold onto important information better and show care to others. This useful skill makes others want to discuss things with us.
To get better at active listening, give the speaker your complete attention.　33． 　, it is easier said than done. Stopping thinking about your phone and clearing your mind of your own thoughts are the first steps.　34． 　, it's easier to give your complete attention to the speaker.
Another way to practice active listening is to notice body language. Research shows that 55% of face-to-face communication is nonverbal, 38% vocal (噪音的) and 7% words.　35． 　. With that in mind, you can give proper replies like nodding, smiling or looking at them politely.
Now do you know how to listen actively
A. By forgetting those things that could influence you
B. Although this may seem clear and easy to notice and understand
C. This means we don't pay attention to what someone is expressing
D. When someone is speaking, their body language is giving information, too
E. Because most of us live in a busy world, we care about certain things and miss the rest
F. Active listening is focusing on what someone is communicating and giving your understanding
四、短文填空
（2024·青岛）短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或者括号内的提示，用单词的正确形式填空。
Kites are one of the oldest and simplest toys, which enjoy popularity all over the world.
It is said　36． 　 the kites were invented in the early Warring States Period by Mozi and Lu Ban. The period saw many wars and kites　37． 　 (play) an important role in scaring off enemies. Also, kites could　38． 　 (使用) for testing the wind, lifting men, communicating with others and so on. For example, people used to write their own names on the kite when they were unhappy or felt　39． 　 (/wi: k/). By doing so, they believed that their bad luck would go with the kite.　40． 　 an increasing number of people flying kites, kites became more popular and were introduced from China to Japan, Korea and some western countries.
A famous kite story　41． 　 (be) about the American inventor Benjamin Franklin. He flew a kite during a thunderstorm. Electricity ran down the wet string and gave him　42． 　 small shock, which showed lightning was electricity for the　43． 　 (one) time. When Franklin tried it again, he was badly hurt. Believe it or not, do not try this dangerous action yourself!
So far, people　44． 　 (develop) kites of different sizes, shapes and colors. Some kites even have LED lights for fun light shows.　45． 　 a sunny day, you can see many kites flying above parks and fields. Colorful kites and children's smiling faces form a wonderful picture, which brings a new life to Chinese traditional culture.
五、阅读表达
（2024·青岛）阅读下面短文，完成问题。
Young Chinese Baker Rocks "Bread Olympics"
A dancing lion, a lovely panda and other Chinese symbols in interesting shapes—when these are grouped together, what kind of magic can happen This one-meter-high bread was out of the hands of Gong Xin, a Chinese baker who won the first place in the ninth World Bread Competition, also known as "the Bread Olympic Games", making him the first ever Chinese champion (冠军) of this event. Many foreigners say (A)it is the same as a foreigner taking the first place in a dumpling-making competition in China.
After graduating from school, Gong began to learn to make bread. He worked in a bakery. Soon, he found that it could not help realize his dream because he wished to become a top baker. He then left to further his bread-making skills in a famous school. The journey of growing from a common baker to a skilled one took him only two years, but behind the rapid progress were many hours of sweating (汗水) in his free time. For Gong, hard work had produced fantastic skills, but he kept wondering how he could take those skills to the next level, which was the reason why he took part in the competition.
As a well-known international bakery competition, the World Bread Competition requires each competitor to make different types of healthy bread with creative ideas. Gong tried a lot day in, day out, finally making a name for himself.
A young baker from a small town has grown into a world champion. "Challenges are everywhere. One should have more practice, patience and a deep love for the job. More communication and exchanges about the ideas especially expressing the traditional Chinese culture with other people are also necessary," he said, adding that when he watched people enjoying and admiring his bread, he got a strong feeling of satisfaction. That is the force to keep him moving forward.
46．What can we infer from the foreigners' words (A) in Paragraph One
47．What made Gong the champion of the competition (List two points.)
48．根据短文内容，绘制一个思维导图，呈现你对文章的理解。
要求：
①提炼文章主题并归纳至少3个信息要点；
②主题和各要点问逻辑清晰；
③可参考下列图式, 也可自行创作；
④总词数控制在20—30。
（2024·青岛）阅读下面短文，完成问题。
There is more ocean on our planet than there is land. The first ship sailed (航海) all the way around the world about five hundred years ago. And the first journey to the deep sea floor was no more than one hundred years ago. Today the ocean is still strange to us. We are making efforts to explore (探索) (A)it.
To early sailors, the ocean was a scary place, full of dangerous living things. They thought that, deep below, the ocean was a cold, dark and lifeless place. Ocean exploration was also stopped by the conditions below. The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.
In 1872, the first ship for ocean exploration set out on a four-year trip around the world. It carried the best scientific equipment of the time. An underwater mountain chain and more than 4, 000 new kinds of living things were discovered. The results of this journey were important, which encouraged farther exploration. In 1934, two divers dived half a mile below the surface of the ocean in the submersible (潜水器) they designed for deep-sea diving. People could see the underwater world with their own eyes. Since then, improvements have been made in diving equipment, allowing people to travel deeper for a longer time.
In recent years, China's ocean exploration (B)has taken off rapidly. Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China. Fendouzhe, for example, can take humans to depths of over 10, 000 meters and collect materials for research.
The work of deep-sea explorers has given us a picture of life far below the surface. (C) There is now greater understanding of the life in the ocean. We have realized our dependence on healthy oceans and that there's still a lot remaining to be discovered in the ocean. What hasn't been seen yet
49．What does (A) it refer to (指的是) in Paragraph One
50．Which entry (词条) can explain the meaning of (B) has taken off in Paragraph Four according to the dictionary (填写词条序号)
51．Translate the underlined sentence (C) into Chinese.
52．根据短文内容填空。 (每空限1个单词)
Although most of the earth's surface is covered by the ocean, the history of ocean exploration is not　 　 enough. In the early days, terrible conditions deep below the ocean stopped humans from exploring. Also, divers didn't have certain equipment to　 　 themselves. As time passed by, humans realized that diving equipment was of huge　 　 for farther exploration. They couldn't reach the sea floor　 　 they had special equipment. Humans made efforts to improve it. Nowadays, we Chinese completely　 　 on ourselves and design some well-known submersibles such as Fendouzhe. Still, a lot of unknown things in the ocean　 　 to be seen.
六、书面表达
53．（2024·青岛）在多彩的初中校园生活中，你可能学会了一项体育技能，发展了一项艺术才能；也可能进行了一次精彩的演讲，参加了一次有意义的研学……这些都助力了你的成长，让你终身受益。假如学校公众号以My Story in Junior High School为题征稿，请选择1—2项内容，讲述你的成长故事，并谈论你的感受以及相关的发展计划。
要求：
1. 词数80—100；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等相关信息。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A；2．C；3．B；4．C；5．D；6．C；7．B；8．B；9．C；10．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了李磊即将从初中毕业，他回忆起了一些难忘的时刻。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
1．句意：大约需要15分钟。minutes分钟；hours小时；days天；weeks周。根据I ride a bike. It takes about fifteen可知是骑自行车15分钟到学校。故选A。
2．句意：我最喜欢的科目是体育，因为它很有趣。if如果；when当；because因为；unless除非。后句是前句的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
3．句意：我将参加运动俱乐部。music音乐；sports运动；art艺术；chess象棋。根据My favorite subject is PE可知喜欢体育，所以参加运动俱乐部。故选B。
4．句意：听起来很酷。tastes尝起来；looks看起来；sounds听起来；smells闻起来。根据so I want to join the music club. I can also be a volunteer to teach kids music.可知是觉得对方的想法听起来不错。故选C。
5．句意：我和我最好的朋友之间出了问题。above在上方；over在上方；around在周围；between在……之间。根据my best friend and me可知是我和我最好的朋友之间。故选D。
6．句意：问题和担忧是正常的。relaxing令人放松的；interesting有趣的；normal正常的；easy容易的。根据Problems and worries are可知问题和担忧是正常的。故选C。
7．句意：最糟糕的是什么都不做。cleverest最聪明的；worst最差的；luckiest最幸运的；funniest最有趣的。根据thing is to do nothing可知什么都不做是最糟糕的。故选B。
8．句意：她指导我把数学学得更好。invited邀请；guided指导；ordered命令；needed需要。根据me to do better in math可知老师指导他学好数学。故选B。
9．句意：她帮助我自己解决问题。ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己；myself我自己；himself他自己。根据helped me solve problems by可知是让我自己解决问题。故选C。
10．句意：他对我总是很有耐心， 给了我很多关于如何学习英语的建议。never从不；hardly几乎不；seldom很少；always总是。根据patient with me and gave me a lot of advice on how to learn English.可知他总是很有耐心。故选D。
【答案】11．A；12．A；13．C；14．B；15．C；16．D；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．B
【知识点】记叙文；文学著作
【解析】【分析】本文节选自《小妇人》，主要讲述了四个女孩讨论圣诞礼物的场景。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答，特别注意必须充分考虑到上下文具体语境，选择最佳答案。同时，在平时学习过程中也要注意词汇、固定搭配、句型等知识的熟练掌握。
11．句意：马奇四姐妹，梅格、乔、贝丝和艾米，围坐在炉火旁。around周围；without没有；above在上方；except除了。根据the fire可知是围坐在炉火旁。故选A。
12．句意：但她们没有从母亲马奇太太那里得到任何礼物。presents礼物；food食物；money钱；hugs拥抱。根据we can't have presents this year.可知是没有得到节日礼物。故选A。
13．句意：可惜我们的父亲和士兵们在很远的地方。joke玩笑；surprise吃惊；pity遗憾；pleasure愉快。根据our father is far away with the soldiers可知她们的父亲在很远的地方，这是很遗憾的事情。故选C。
14．句意：这就是为什么我们今年不能收到礼物。how如何；why为什么；where哪里；when当。Mother says our men are at war and we mustn't spend money for pleasure是we can't have presents this year的原因，用why引导。故选B。
15．句意：艾米想要一盒漂亮的绘图铅笔，因为她想成为一名画家。singer歌手；dancer舞者；artist画家；actress演员。根据Amy would like a nice box of drawing pencils可知她想要绘图铅笔，因为她想成为画家。故选C。
16．句意：乔以为妈妈什么也没说，她也不希望她们放弃所有东西。nothing没有事；something一些事；anything任何事；everything所有事。根据she wouldn't wish them to give up可知是放弃所有东西，保留一美元卖自己想买的东西。故选D。
17．句意：她们努力工作，所以她们能买她们想要的东西，并享受一点乐趣。should应该；would将；must必须；could能。根据buy what they wanted each and had a little fun可知她们工作很努力，所以她们能买一些自己想要的东西。故选D。
18．句意：贝丝站起来，把妈妈的拖鞋放在炉火旁取暖。got up起来；woke up醒来；showed up现身；stayed up熬夜。根据put her mother's slippers near the fire to warm.可知是站起来，把妈妈的拖鞋放在炉火旁。故选A。
19．句意：我可以用自己的钱给她买一双。useless无用的；secret秘密的；own自己的；borrowed借。根据I can buy a pair for her with my...可知是想用自己的钱给妈妈买一双鞋。故选C。
20．句意：给妈妈买些吧。though虽然；instead相反；already已经；yet还。根据Don't buy presents for ourselves. Get some for Mother可知不给自己买礼物，相反给妈妈买。故选B。
【答案】21．C
22．A
23．C
24．D
25．D
【知识点】旅游观光类；应用文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】本文是关于四位年轻旅行者的旅游计划和偏好以及四条旅游线路分别为：青岛、成都、西安和上海， 每个人都有自己独特的旅行风格和兴趣。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂文章大意，然后从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终选择正确答案。
21．细节理解题。根据I have never been to China, so I hope to visit two cities in no more than 6 days.I can't wait to have a taste of Chinese delicious food.可知Lily希望6天时间游览两个城市，想尝中国美味；根据青岛线路Duration: 2 days以及成都线路Duration: 3 days，且根据成都线路delicious food such as bot pot and Dandan noodles可知青岛线路和成都线路符合Lily的要求。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据Eric的信息I'm crazy about traditional Chinese culture. I am airsick,and I heard the HSR (High Speed Rail) in China is very fast and comfortable.可知Eric对中国传统文化很着迷，他晕机，希望乘坐的交通工具是高铁，结合选项， A符合语境。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据Cindy的信息Just walking along the city street and enjoying the sea wind sound wonderful to me.可知Cindy喜欢海边漫步，根据青岛线路beautiful sea and beach以及a one-day city walk in the old town可知青岛符合Cindy的要求；同时根据Must-visit: Mount Lao Zhongshan Road May Fourth Square可知Cindy游览青岛线路可能会游览五四广场。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据Cindy的信息I am not an early bird,so it's better for me to travel after noon.可知Cindy中午以后旅行，结合订票信息，G2685的时间符合Cindy的要求。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据成都线路Highlights: preparation of panda meals with your own hands可知喜欢熊猫和照顾动物的人会选择此线路；根据I love animals. I hope I can see some local animals in China and I will be more than happy if I have a chance to take care of the cute animals.可知Jack喜欢动物并愿意照顾动物，因而熊猫基地会最吸引Jack。故选D。
【答案】26．C
27．B
28．B
29．C
30．D
【知识点】说明文；身边的事物与环境；细节理解；推理判断；标题选择
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E. 学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
26．细节理解题。根据"The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn't always have enough money for dinner"和"Soil (土壤) doesn't always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow"可知，M. E. School决定为邻里社区种植食物是因为附近的人家都很穷以及这里的自然条件不适宜种植植物。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据"To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants' roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank."可知，为了解决这个问题，学校建立了一个系统，在这个系统中，鱼粪使植物生长得更好，植物的根清洁鱼缸里的水。结合选项，B中的图片最符合。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据"To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants' roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank."结合全文内容可知，这个项目展示了学校采用创新的方法解决问题，因此最适合描述这个项目的词是creative"创新的"。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据"People don't have a lot of money, so it's a nice dream we have to give them food. It's also a chance to be healthy and eat better"（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。这也是一个保持健康和变得更好的机会。）结合文章最后两段内容可推断，这个项目给学生们带来了自豪感，因为他们能为邻里社区做出贡献，同时也通过销售鸡蛋和罗非鱼筹集了种子和食物的费用。故选C。
30．标题归纳题。根据"People don't have a lot of money, so it's a nice dream we have to give them food."（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。）结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E.学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题，因而最适合的标题是"A Dream of Giving Vegetables. "。故选D。
【答案】31．E；32．F；33．B；34．A；35．D
【知识点】人生百味类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了积极倾听的重要性以及如何做到积极倾听。
【点评】考查阅读还原，首先理解选项意思，然后根据文章大意和关键词句确定正确答案，最终仔细检查答案。
31．根据下文This also means we often don't really focus(集中)on what people are saying.可知，这意味着我们时常不是真正集中注意力在别人说话的内容上，此处在解释上文Listening well doesn't come naturally to most people.说明倾听并非天生的原因。选项E由于我们大多数人生活在忙碌的世界中，我们关心某些事物，错过了其他的"符合语境。故选E。
32．根据下文Active listening is not only hearing someone's words but also taking notes of their nonverbal(非口头的) communication.可知积极聆听关注的是不仅是对方的表达，还要注意他们的非口头交流。此处谈论与积极聆听相关的内容。选项F"积极倾听就是关注某人正在交流的内容并表达你的理解"符合语境。故选F。
33．根据上文To get better at active listening, give the speaker your complete attention.可知，要更好地进行积极聆听，就要把你的全部注意力放在说话人身上，根据it is easier said than done可知，此处表示转折的内容。选项B"虽然这可能看起来很清楚，很容易注意到和理解"符合语境。故选B。
34．根据上文Stopping thinking about your phone and clearing your mind of your own thoughts are the first steps.可知，不要去想你的手机，把你的脑袋清空，是第一步，此处在说明这么做的好处。选项A"通过把那些会影响你的东西都忘掉"符合语境。故选A。
35．根据上文Another way to practice active listening is to notice body language.可知，练习积极聆听的另一个方法是注意肢体语言，说明此处与肢体语言有关。选项D"当有人在说话时，他们的肢体语言也在提供信息"符合语境。故选D。
【答案】36．that；37．played；38．be used；39．weak；40．With；41．is；42．a；43．first；44．have developed；45．On
【知识点】说明文；中国历史
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了风筝的历史、用途和影响。
【点评】考查语法填空，首先读懂文章大意，然后识记单词词义及词性，最后结合语法和句意确定单词正确形式。
36．句意：据说风筝是战国早期由墨子和鲁班发明的。It is said that..."据说……"，固定句型。故填that。
37．句意：这一时期发生了许多战争，风筝在吓退敌人方面发挥了重要作用。play，玩，动词。根据"The period saw"可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词应用过去式。故填played。
38．句意：此外，风筝还可以用来测风、载人、与人交流等等。使用，use，动词。主语kites 和动词use之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；根据空前could可知，应用含情态动词的被动语态，构成形式为：could be done。故填be used。
39．句意：例如，当人们不开心或感到虚弱时，他们会在风筝上写下自己的名字。根据音标/wi: k/可知，空处应是weak"虚弱的"，形容词作表语。故填weak。
40．句意：随着放风筝的人越来越多，风筝越来越受欢迎，并从中国传到日本、韩国和一些西方国家。根据"...an increasing number of people flying kites, kites became more popular "可知，此处指"随着风筝越来越多"，空处表示伴随，故应用介词with。注意句首单词首字母要大写，故填With。
41．句意： 一个著名的风筝故事是关于美国发明家本杰明 富兰克林的。be，是，系动词。根据上下文语境可知，句子应用一般现在时表示客观事实。主语是 A famous kite story，故be用is。故填is。
42．句意：电流顺着湿漉漉的细绳流下，给了他一个小小的电击，这是第一次证明闪电是电。空处表示泛指"一个电击"，且small以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
43．句意：电流顺着湿漉漉的细绳流下，给了他一个小小的电击，这是第一次证明闪电是电。one，一，基数词。for the first time第一次，固定短语，first是one的序数词。故填first。
44．句意：到目前为止，人们已经开发了不同大小、形状和颜色的风筝。develop，发展，动词。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done。主语是复数名词，所以助动词用have，故填have developed。
45．句意：在阳光明媚的日子里，你可以看到许多风筝在公园和田野上空飞翔。on a sunny day在阳光明媚的日子里， 指具体的某一天，用介词on。注意句首单词首字母要大写，故填On。
【答案】46．It's hard and unbelievable for Gong to be the champion as a Chinese.
47．①His fantastic skills. ②His desire or progress/winning.
48．
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了来自中国的面包师龚鑫在第九届世界面包大赛中获得了第一名。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂文章大意，然后结合题目，从文中抓住关键词句，结合语法确定正确答案。
46．根据Many foreigners say (A) it is the same as a foreigner taking the first place in a dumpling-making competition in China. 可知许多外国人说这就像一个外国人在中国的包饺子比赛中获得第一名一样，可推知，作为一个中国人，龚要成为冠军是很难的，而且很令人难以置信。故填It's hard and unbelievable for Gong to be the champion as a Chinese.。
47．根据Soon,he found that it could not help realize his dream because he wished to become a top baker...For Gong, hard work had produced fantastic skills, but he kept wondering how he could take those skills to the next level, which was the reason why he took part in the competition.可知他发现这无法帮助他实现梦想，因为他想成为一名顶级面包师，对于龚来说，艰苦的训练造就了非凡的技巧，但他一直想知道如何将这些技能提升到一个新的水平，这就是他参加比赛的原因，所以他非凡的技巧和对进步/胜利的渴望，让龚成为了比赛的冠军。故填①His fantastic skills. ②His desire or progress/winning.。
48．根据This one-meter-high bread was out of the hands of Gong Xin,a Chinese baker who won the first place in the ninth World Bread Competition...可知第一段主要介绍了他是谁以及他的职业；根据After graduating from school, Gong began to learn to make bread...可知第二段主要介绍了他学习烘焙的经历；根据Gong tried a lot day in,day out,finally making a name for himself.可知第三段主要讲述了他是如何赢得比赛的；根据Challenges are everywhere. One should have more practice,patience and a deep love for the job. More communication and exchanges about the ideas especially expressing the traditional Chinese culture with other people are also necessary可知第四段主要在讲述他给人们的建议。故答案为
【答案】49．The ocean.
50．6.
51．现在人们对海洋生物有了更深入的了解。
52．long；protect；help；unless；depend；remain
【知识点】说明文；中国历史
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了海洋探索的发展历程，特别介绍了中国在这方面取得的伟大成就。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先理解题意，然后带着问题从文中抓住相关语句，结合语法确定正确答案。
49．根据Today the ocean is still strange to us. We are making efforts to explore(探索)(A) it.可知如今海洋对于我们来说依然陌生，我们正在努力去探索它，故此处it指代"海洋"。故填The ocean.
50．根据Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China可知中国自主设计研制的多艘载人深海潜水器已完成数千次下潜，中国的海洋勘探事业迅速发展，因此"has taken off"这里解释为"发展或成功"，正好对应词典解释第6条"take off"突然开始成功，开始发红，突然有了起色。故填6.
51．there is有；now现在； greater understanding of更深入的了解；the life in the ocean海洋生物。故填现在人们对海洋生物有了更深入的了解。
52．根据The first ship sailed(航海)all the way around the world about five hundred years ago. And the first journey to the deep sea floor was no more than one hundred years ago.可知第一次航行至深海底则不超过一百年前，海洋探索的历史不够悠久，第一个空填long；根据The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，所以潜水员没有特定的设备来保护自己，protect保护，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形；根据The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，即人类意识到潜水设备对于进一步的探索有着巨大的帮助，help帮助；根据The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，即除非他们有特殊的设备，否则他们无法到达海底，unless除非；根据Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China. Fendouzhe,for example,can take humans to depths of over 10, 000 meters and collect materials for research.可知我们中国人完全依靠自己，设计了一些著名的潜水器，depend on依靠，句子用一般现在时，主语是we，谓语动词用原形；根据We have realized our dependence on healthy oceans and that there's still a lot remaining to be discovered in the ocean可知海洋中仍有许多未知的东西有待观察，remain仍然存在，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填long；protect；help；unless；depend；remain。
53．【答案】例文
My Story in Junior High School
Last term, our teacher took us to a farm for a study tour. In the activity, we not only learned how to plant crops, but also experienced the importance of labor. At the same time, it also allowed us to experience the hardships of farmers. After this event, although we were tired, we were very happy.
I think the school trip is really meaningful for us. We can not only relax ourselves but also learn a lot from it. I will take part in more such activities in my future free time.
【知识点】命题作文；记叙文；学校生活
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文，主要介绍初中生活的故事。时态是一般过去时、一般将来时和一般现在时，首先介绍研学的活动；然后介绍对研学的感受。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
【点评】作文内容全面，运用好词好句，如：took...to+地点名词；not only...but also；learn how to do sth.；the importance of；at the same time；allow sb. to do sth.；be meaningful for；relax oneself；learn a lot from；take part in等。好词好句的运用为文章增色不少，如介绍研学活动Last term, our teacher took us to a farm for a study tour. In the activity, we not only learned how to plant crops, but also experienced the importance of labor. At the same time, it also allowed us to experience the hardships of farmers.；状语从句After this event, although we were tired, we were very happy.；宾语从句介绍感受I think the school trip is really meaningful for us.We can not only relax ourselves but also learn a lot from it.I will take part in more such activities in my future free time.等。连词although、not only...but also...、，and的运用使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
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