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广东省广州市白云区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷
一、语法选择：本大题共15小题，共15分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 语法选择
One day，two boys were fighting badly. They both wanted 1． the train and railway set. Their father saw this，pulled them apart，and said， "My little sons，you 2． a lot of stories about animals since you were born. Did you know 3． hunters caught monkeys in the past？They would place a glass jar 4． a small neck on the ground. Then，inside the jar，the monkeys' favorite food would 5． . "
"When 6． monkey found the jar，"the father said， "it would reach inside，take the food，and try to 7． . The monkey could have gotten its hand out 8． the neck of the jar hadn't been so small. It couldn't get out without giving up the food. "The boys listened 9． ，their eyes wide with curiosity. "No matter how hard the monkey tried，"the father continued， "it couldn't free its hand with the food in it. The monkey would pull and tug，but the narrow neck of the jar made it impossible to escape 10． it was holding the food. "The children asked together， "What？"The father replied， "The monkey always refused to let go. It held onto the food，never giving up. It was too stubborn to realize that letting go was the only way to be free. Then the hunters came over and got the monkey with excitement. "
The boys looked at each other，understanding the lesson their father was trying to teach 11． . "So，my little sons，remember this story. In life，you 12． be wise. Know when to give up，when to move on，and when to let go of whatever is holding you back. Just like the monkey，sometimes it's better to give up 13． small to find a better way to reach your dreams. You can always find 14． train set，but fighting won't help you get it. "The boys nodded，realizing that sometimes，letting go is the 15． choice.
1．A． get B． to get C． getting D． got
2．A． read B． reads C． have read D． had read
3．A． why B． when C． where D． how
4．A． with B． of C． within D． beside
5．A． was put B． puts C． be put D． have put
6．A． the B． a C． an D． /
7．A． get out them B． get them out
C． get out it D． get it out
8．A． when B． if C． as D． though
9．A． care B． careful C． carefully D． caring
10．A． after B． while C． before D． when
11．A． theirs B． their C． they D． them
12．A． should B． can C． must D． may
13．A． something B． anything C． everything D． nothing
14．A． other B． the other C． another D． others
15．A． wise B． wisest C． wiser D． wisely
【答案】1．B；2．C；3．D；4．A；5．C；6．B；7．D；8．B；9．C；10．B；11．D；12．A；13．A；14．C；15．B
【知识点】人生百味类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文关于父亲借猎人用窄口瓶捉猴子的故事，告诫两个为玩具争斗的儿子：人生需懂得适时放手，固执争夺只会困住自己。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
1．句意：他们都想得到那个火车和铁路模型套装。A. get（得到，动词原形）；B. to get（得到，动词不定式）；C. getting（得到，动名词/现在分词）；D. got（得到，过去式/过去分词）。根据原文"wanted"可知，want后接动词不定式，构成"want to do sth.（想要做某事）"结构，因此应选to get。故选B。
2．句意：你们从出生起就已经读了很多关于动物的故事。A. read（读，动词原形/过去式）；B. reads（读，第三人称单数形式）；C. have read（读，现在完成时）；D. had read（读，过去完成时）。根据原文"since you were born（自从你们出生起）"可知，since引导的时间状语从句常与现在完成时连用，强调动作从过去持续到现在，动词形式为have read。故选C。
3．句意：你们知道过去猎人是怎样捕捉猴子的吗？A. why（为什么，表原因）；B. when（何时，表时间）；C. where（何地，表地点）；D. how（怎样，表方式）。根据下文父亲讲述猎人捕捉猴子的具体方法（放玻璃罐、放食物等）可知，此处是询问"方式"，因此应选疑问词how。故选D。
4．句意：他们会在地上放一个有着细颈的玻璃罐。A. with（具有，带有）；B. of（……的，表所属）；C. within（在……之内）；D. beside（在……旁边）。根据原文"a glass jar...a small neck"可知，此处表示"带有细颈的玻璃罐"，with可表"具有、带有"，修饰名词jar，因此应选with。故选A。
5．句意：然后，在罐子里面，会放入猴子最喜欢的食物。A. was put（被放，一般过去时被动语态）；B. puts（放，第三人称单数主动语态）；C. be put（被放，被动语态原形）；D. have put（放，现在完成时主动语态）。根据原文"the monkeys' favorite food"与"put"是被动关系（食物被放入），且would后接动词原形可知，此处应选be put。故选C。
6．句意：当一只猴子发现这个罐子时。A. the（定冠词，表特指）；B. a（不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；C. an（不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前）；D. /（零冠词）。根据原文"monkey"是可数名词单数，且此处首次提到，表泛指"一只猴子"，应用不定冠词。且monkey以辅音音素开头，因此应选不定冠词a。故选B。
7．句意：它会伸进手去，抓住食物，然后试图把它（手）拿出来。A. get out them（错误结构，代词应放中间）；B. get them out（把它们拿出来）；C. get out it（错误结构，代词应放中间）；D. get it out（把它拿出来）。根据原文"its hand"可知，此处指代"手"，是单数，用代词it。"get out"是动副短语，代词作宾语时需放在中间，因此应选get it out。故选D。
8．句意：如果罐子的颈部不是那么小，猴子本可以把它的手拿出来。A. when（当……时，表时间）；B. if（如果，表假设）；C. as（因为，表原因；当……时，表时间）；D. though（尽管，表让步）。根据原文"could have gotten"可知，此处是虚拟语气，表与过去事实相反的假设（"罐子颈部不那么小"与事实相反），应用if引导条件状语从句，因此应选if。故选B。
9．句意：男孩们认真地听着，眼睛因好奇而睁得大大的。A. care（关心，动词/名词）；B. careful（认真的，形容词）；C. carefully（认真地，副词）；D. caring（关心他人的，形容词）。根据原文"listened"可知，此处需用副词修饰动词，因此应选carefully。故选C。
10．句意：但是罐子狭窄的颈部使得当它拿着食物时无法逃脱。A. after（在……之后，表时间）；B. while（当……时，表动作同时进行）；C. before（在……之前，表时间）；D. when（当……时，表时间）。根据原文"it was holding the food"与"escape"是同时进行的动作（拿着食物的同时无法逃脱）可知，while强调"在……期间，与……同时"，符合题意。因此应选while。故选B。
11．句意：明白了他们的父亲试图教给他们的道理。A. theirs（他们的，名词性物主代词）；B. their（他们的，形容词性物主代词）；C. they（他们，主格代词）；D. them（他们，宾格代词）。根据原文"teach"是及物动词可知，后接宾语，且应用宾格代词，因此应选them。故选D。
12．句意：在生活中，你们应该明智。A. should（应该，表建议）；B. can（能，表能力）；C. must（必须，表强制）；D. may（可能，表推测）。根据原文父亲对儿子的教导可知，此处是建议他们"应该"明智，因此应选should。故选A。
13．句意：有时候，放弃一些小的东西来找到实现梦想的更好方法会更好。A. something（某物，用于肯定句）；B. anything（任何物，用于否定句/疑问句）；C. everything（一切事物）；D. nothing（没有事物）。根据原文是肯定句且表示"一些小的东西"可知，应用不定代词something。故选A。
14．句意：你们总能找到另一个火车模型套装。A. other（其他的，后接复数名词）；B. the other（两者中的另一个）；C. another（三者及以上中的另一个，后接单数名词）；D. others（其他事物，代词，后不接名词）。根据原文"train set"是单数名词且此处表不确定的"另一个"，应用another。故选C。
15．句意：意识到有时候，放手是最明智的选择。A. wise（明智的，原级）；B. wisest（最明智的，最高级）；C. wiser（更明智的，比较级）；D. wisely（明智地，副词）。根据原文"the"可知，此处应用形容词最高级，因此应选wisest。故选B。
二、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共10分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 完形填空
It was a sunny Sunday afternoon. Maggie sat by the edge of her family's new swimming pool，dipping her toes into the cool blue water. She had been dreaming of having a pool for months，but now she felt a little sad. When her mom 16． ，she asked， "What's wrong，Maggie？"Maggie 17． ， "Amelia is afraid of water. She doesn't know how to swim. I thought she'd be playing with me in the pool all summer. I miss her. Nothing is fun without her. "
Her mom smiled and said， "Why don't you invite Amelia over？Maybe we can help her feel 18． in the water. Remember how we taught your little brother to swim？Now he swims like a dolphin. "Maggie looked a little more 19． . "You're right!I'll call her right now. "Later that afternoon，Amelia arrived with her dad. "Are you sure you don't want to stay？"he asked. Amelia 20． bravely. "I think I'm ready to try. "
"Great. I'll be back in a couple of 21． ， "her dad said. Amelia sat 22． on the side of the pool. Maggie and her mom spent the whole afternoon helping Amelia. They started with simple 23． ， holding her hands and showing her how to float. Slowly，Amelia began to feel more comfortable.
When Amelia's dad came back，everyone was surprised how quickly the time had passed. "Watch this，Dad!"Amelia shouted，floating on her back. "I can do it!"She proudly showed him her new 24． . Her dad was amazed. "You two must be great teachers!"he said. Maggie's mom laughed. "I think Amelia was just ready to learn. She did all the hard work herself. "
"Can we come back tomorrow，Dad？"Amelia asked 25． . Everyone laughed，and Maggie knew that the summer was going to be a lot more fun with her best friend by her side.
16．A． discovered B． reminded C． noticed D． recommended
17．A． sighed B． cried C． smiled D． shouted
18．A． quiet B． safe C． warm D． cool
19．A． peaceful B． helpful C． thankful D． cheerful
20．A． refused B． questioned C． nodded D． explained
21．A． hours B． days C． weeks D． months
22．A． happily B． nervously C． sadly D． lonely
23．A． steps B． ways C． methods D． gestures
24．A． examples B． skills C． lessons D． programs
25．A． sadly B． kindly C． excitedly D． carelessly
【答案】16．C；17．A；18．B；19．D；20．C；21．A；22．B；23．A；24．B；25．C
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文关于Maggie 因好友 Amelia 怕水不能一起玩而失落，在妈妈建议下邀请 Amelia 来学游泳，经过一下午练习 Amelia 成功学会漂浮，大家都很开心并期待明天再来。
【点评】考查完形填空。特别注意文章的首尾句，因为它们往往包含文章的主题或总结性信息，对于理解全文至关重要。
16．句意：当她的妈妈注意到时，她问道："Maggie，怎么了？"A. discovered（发现，指发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物）；B. reminded（提醒，使想起）；C. noticed（注意到，指察觉到某人或某事的状态）；D. recommended（推荐，建议）。根据上文"Maggie sat by the edge...but now she felt a little sad（玛吉坐在边缘……但现在她觉得有点难过）"可知，Maggie情绪低落，妈妈察觉到她的状态后才询问原因，"noticed"符合语境，指妈妈注意到她的异常。故选C。
17．句意：Maggie叹了口气："Amelia怕水。她不会游泳……"A. sighed（叹气，因无奈或伤感而叹气）；B. cried（哭，因悲伤或激动流泪）；C. smiled（微笑，表开心）；D. shouted（大喊，表激动或愤怒）。根据Maggie的话"Amelia is afraid of water...Nothing is fun without her（阿米莉亚怕水……没有她，什么都不好玩）"可知，她因朋友不能一起玩而感到伤感，"sighed"能体现这种情绪。故选A。
18．句意：也许我们可以帮她在水里感到安全。A. quiet（安静的，指没有声音）；B. safe（安全的，指没有危险）；C. warm（温暖的，指温度适宜）；D. cool（凉爽的，指温度低）。根据"Amelia is afraid of water（阿米莉亚怕水）"可知，Amelia怕水，核心是缺乏安全感，帮助她感到"安全"才能让她克服恐惧，"safe"符合语境。故选B。
19．句意：Maggie看起来开心多了。"你说得对！我现在就给她打电话。"A. peaceful（平静的，指内心平和）；B. helpful（有帮助的，指乐于助人）；C. thankful（感激的，指心怀感谢）；D. cheerful（开心的，指情绪愉悦）。根据上文Maggie因朋友不能一起玩而难过，以及她回应妈妈"我现在就给她打电话"的积极态度可知，她情绪变好了，"cheerful"符合语境。故选D。
20．句意：Amelia勇敢地点了点头："我想我准备好尝试了。"A. refused（拒绝，表不接受）；B. questioned（质疑，表怀疑）；C. nodded（点头，表同意）；D. explained（解释，表说明原因）。根据"Amelia arrived with her dad. 'Are you sure you don't want to stay？'he asked(阿米莉亚和她爸爸来了。你确定你不想留下来吗他问)"和"I think I'm ready to try（我想我已经准备好尝试了）"可知，Amelia同意留下尝试，"nodded"是同意的肢体表达。故选C。
21．句意："好的。我几小时后回来。"她爸爸说。A. hours（小时，指较短的时间）；B. days（天，指一天及以上）；C. weeks（周，指七天左右）；D. months（月，指较长时间）。根据"Later that afternoon，Amelia arrived(那天下午晚些时候，阿米莉亚来了)"和"When Amelia's dad came back，everyone was surprised how quickly the time had passed(当阿米莉亚的爸爸回来时，每个人都惊讶于时间过得如此之快)"可推测，爸爸离开的时间是当天下午的几个小时，"hours"符合语境。故选A。
22．句意：Amelia紧张地坐在泳池边。A. happily（开心地，指情绪愉悦）；B. nervously（紧张地，指因不安而紧张）；C. sadly（难过地，指情绪低落）；D. lonely（孤独地，指感到孤单）。根据"Amelia is afraid of water（阿米莉亚怕水）"结合常识可知，她怕水，初次面对泳池时会紧张，"nervously"符合语境。故选B。
23．句意：他们从简单的步骤开始，牵着她的手，教她如何漂浮。A. steps（步骤，指做事的程序或阶段）；B. ways（方法，指做某事的方式）；C. methods（方法，指系统的方法）；D. gestures（手势，指肢体动作）。根据"holding her hands and showing her how to float（握着她的手，教她如何漂浮）"结合常识可知，教游泳是按"步骤"进行的（先牵手，再教漂浮），"steps"符合语境。故选A。
24．句意：她自豪地向他展示她的新技能。A. examples（例子，指用来举例的事物）；B. skills（技能，指通过学习获得的能力）；C. lessons（课程，指教学内容）；D. programs（项目，指有计划的活动）。根据"floating on her back. 'I can do it!'（漂浮在她的背上。"我能行！"）"结合常识可知，漂浮是Amelia学会的游泳"技能"，"skills"符合语境。故选B。
25．句意：Amelia兴奋地问："爸爸，我们明天能再来吗？"A. sadly（难过地，指情绪低落）；B. kindly（友好地，指态度温和）；C. excitedly（兴奋地，指因开心而激动）；D. carelessly（粗心地，指不认真）。根据Amelia学会游泳后想再来的态度，以及"Everyone laughed（大家笑了）"的氛围，可知她是"兴奋地"提问，"excitedly"符合语境。故选C。
三、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读理解
Summer is coming!How can we stay safe in the extreme heat？Here is some information for you.
26．Which of the following is a right way to face extreme heat
A．A worker wears dark-colored clothes when working outside.
B．A disabled person feels hot and drinks little water.
C．A child drinks juice with too much sugar when he feels hot.
D．An old person stays cool in an air-conditioned place.
27．Which picture can best show the relationship between time and the temperature in a car
outside temperature 27℃
A． B．
C． D．
28．What is the main topic of the passage
A．How to enjoy summer activities.
B．How to stay safe in extreme heat.
C．The dangers of extreme heat.
D．Tips for staying cool in summer.
【答案】26．D
27．C
28．B
【知识点】应用文；安全事故与预防；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了在极端高温天气中保持安全的方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需结合题干定位原文或常识，判断正确选项。
26．推理判断题。根据文中指出"Stay cool in an air - conditioned place."（在有空调的地方保持凉爽）可知，老人等群体需在凉爽环境（如空调房）中。选项D"老人在空调房保持凉爽"符合安全方式。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据文中汽车部分的信息：外界温度27℃时，20分钟车内43℃，40分钟48℃，60分钟51℃ 可知，车内温度随时间延长而持续升高。符合这一变化趋势的图片为选项C。故选C。
28．文章大意题。根据文章开头"Summer is coming! How can we stay safe in the extreme heat？Here is some information for you."（夏天来了！我们如何在极端高温中保持安全？这里有一些信息供你参考。）可知，文章核心围绕"如何在极端高温中保障安全"展开。故选B。
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读理解
The guitar is one of the most popular musical instruments in the world. Many different cultures have played instruments like the guitar for over 3，000 years. The oldest instrument that we can see today comes from Ancient Egypt. You can see this guitar in a museum in Cairo. It belonged to a singer who sang for the Egyptian queen Hatshepsut. This type of guitar had a long neck and only three strings（弦）.
The lute is also an ancient instrument similar to a guitar，but it has a short neck and a body like half a pear. It usually had more strings than a guitar and they were in pairs. From 1100 to 1500，travelling singers and story tellers played the lute to go with their songs.
Guitars sometimes had pairs of strings like the lute，but the guitar changed over time to use single strings. People used guitars with six single strings for the first time in the 1600s in Italy，but the most important change happened in the 1850s. The Spanish guitar maker Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar's body bigger. His idea made the sound of the guitar louder and better. Most of today's classical guitars follow his design.
The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s. The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes. Some electric guitars don't look like guitars at all!
29．Which of the following is a lute
A． B．
C． D．
30．What does the underlined word"them"in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Shapes. B．Sounds. C．Guitars. D．Sizes.
31．In which order did the following happen
a. The first electric guitars appeared.
b. People used guitars with six single strings in Italy.
c. Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar's body bigger.
d. Travelling singers played the lute to go with their songs.
A．d-b-c-a B．a-c-d-b C．d-a-c-b D．c-d-a-b
32．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain how to play the guitar.
B．To introduce different types of guitars.
C．To compare the guitar with other musical instruments.
D．To describe the history of the guitar.
【答案】29．B
30．C
31．A
32．D
【知识点】说明文；身边的事物与环境；推理判断；代词指代；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了吉他的发展历史，包括相关乐器的演变及重要变革。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需关注时间线、特征描述等细节，结合题干定位信息。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段"The lute...has a short neck and a body like half a pear."（鲁特琴……有短颈，琴身像半个梨。）结合选项图片，符合短颈、梨形琴身特征的是选项B。故选B。
30．代词指代题。根据第四段"The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes."（电吉他有实心琴身，能发出多种不同声音。我们也能发现它们有许多不同的形状和尺寸。）可知，此处"them"指代前文提到的"electric guitars"（电吉他）。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章可知：d.1100到1500年，游吟歌手用鲁特琴伴奏；B. 1600年代意大利人使用六根单弦吉他；C. 1850年代Antonio Torres Jurado扩大吉他琴身；a. 1930年代第一把电吉他出现。所以事件顺序为d-b-c-a。故选A。
32．文章大意题。文章从3000多年前的古埃及类似吉他的乐器讲起，依次介绍鲁特琴、六弦吉他、西班牙吉他及电吉他的发展，主要描述吉他的历史。故选D。
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读理解
I joined a club called"Passing Help"last month. As for why I joined this club，there is a touching story behind it.
One evening this May，I went to the countryside on business. My old car broke down suddenly on my way home. It was 25 miles away from my house. I wanted to get a ride，but there was no car passing by. It was also hard to take a taxi in such a lonely place. So I decided to take a bus home. I walked forward and soon found a bus stop nearby.
After a while，a bus came，but it did not go to my town. The bus driver was a young woman. She told me which bus I should take. I waited there for about thirty minutes. During that time，a truck passed by，but there was no space for me to take a ride. Just then a car came to me and a woman came out of the car. She was just the bus driver. "When I reached the bus station，I found that the bus to your town couldn't come，so I returned here to pick you up. I just can't leave you here，"she said， "Get in my car and I will take you back to your home. "
"It is a long way，"I said.
"Come on，sir，"she said. "Let's go. "
On the way she told me a story，which happened a few years ago. Her car ran out of gas halfway home. As she was wondering what to do，an old man driving by offered to drive her up to a gas station and then back to her car. The old man told her that he was a member of Passing Help and asked her to join it too.
When we got to my home，it was already very late. I wanted to give her some money as a thank-you，but she didn't accept it. "As a club member，I'm just trying to help those in need and do something nice for somebody else. Pass it along!"she said.
33．What kind of person is the driver from the story
A．She is very wealthy and likes to help others.
B．She is a kind and responsible person.
C．She is only interested in making money.
D．She is not very friendly to strangers.
34．Why did the bus driver tell the old man her own experience
A．To explain why she joined the"Passing Help"club.
B．To show that she had also faced difficult situations.
C．To ask the author to join the club.
D．To make the author feel better about his situation.
35．What is the main theme of the story
A．The importance of having a well-made car.
B．The difficulties of traveling in the countryside.
C．The kindness of strangers and the power of helping others.
D．The importance of being a member of a club.
36．What can we learn from the"Passing Help"club
A．People should only help those who can help them in return.
B．It is better to avoid helping strangers to avoid inconvenience.
C．Joining a club is the only way to be kind.
D．Helping others can create a positive cycle of kindness.
【答案】33．B
34．A
35．C
36．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者加入"Passing Help"俱乐部的缘由，通过公交司机助人的故事，展现了善意的传递。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需理解故事背后的情感和主题，结合选项判断。
33．推理判断题。根据"When I reached the bus station，I found that the bus to your town couldn't come，so I returned here to pick you up. I just can't leave you here"（司机发现去作者镇上的公交无法到达，主动返回接他，不愿丢下他）以及后文不接受报酬可知，体现了她的善良和责任心。选项B"她是一个善良且有责任心的人"符合描述。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据""Her car ran out of gas halfway home... The old man told her that he was a member of Passing Help and asked her to join it too"（"她的车在回家的路上没油了……老人告诉她，他是传递帮助的成员，并请她也加入进来）"可知，第五段司机讲述自己曾受老人帮助，老人邀请她加入"Passing Help"俱乐部，所以她讲述经历是为了解释加入该俱乐部的原因。故选A。
35．文章大意题。文章通过公交司机帮助作者、老人帮助司机的故事，体现了陌生人的善意及帮助他人的力量。选项C符合主题。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Pass it along!"（将善意传递下去！）结合全文可知，"Passing Help"俱乐部体现了帮助他人能形成善意的积极循环。故选D。
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读理解
Many people today feel stressed（感到压力） by lasting competition，often called the"rat race（内卷）". This means facing too much pressure（压力） in almost every part of life. Parents feel they must give their children the best things and opportunities. Students get caught in an educational race，feeling they need to grades and to attend the best schools to succeed. Office workers often put in very long hours，sometime over 10 hours a day. People push themselves extremely hard to make more money or achieve big goal believing this is the only path to a good life. However，this lasting struggle often leads to more worry and unhappiness instead of achievement.
Because of this heavy pressure，some people choose a different path called"lying flat. "They decide stop chasing those big，stressful goals like buying an expensive house，getting the highest grades，or land the best job. They might lose interest in working or studying hard. Instead of trying new things or learn new skills，they might just stay in their comfort zone，watching videos or playing games for long hours. This can make them feel left behind as the world changes. Sadly，this choice often leads to feeling upset and losing confidence in themselves because they aren't moving forward.
Clearly，neither the exhausting（使人精疲力尽的）"rat race"nor completely"lying flat"is a healthy or happy solution. Living only for lasting competition makes people tired，stressed，and often unhappy. On the other hand，giving up completely leads to boredom，feeling worried，and missing out on opportunities.
The best way forward is to find a balanced way. We should still have dreams and goals，but we can pursue （追求） them with healthy competition. Healthy competition means trying our best，learning，and improving ourselves，but without endlessly comparing ourselves to others or pushing to the point of tiredness. It's like playing a sport：you try to win，but you also enjoy the game and respect your teammates and opponents（对手）. This balanced way allows us to make steady progress，learn new things，and achieve meaningful things，while still having time to relax，enjoy hobbies，and be happy. It helps us avoid the extreme tiredness of the"rat race"and the lack of purpose in"lying flat，"leading to a more satisfying life.
37．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The"rat race"is necessary for success in life.
B．"Lying flat"is a good way to avoid stress.
C．Both the"rat race"and"lying flat"have their advantages.
D．A balanced way to life is the best solution.
38．What does the passage suggest about people who "lie flat"
A．They are more successful in life.
B．They feel more relaxed and happy.
C．They may lose confidence and feel left behind.
D．They are more likely to achieve their goals.
39．What does the author mean by"healthy competition"
A．Competing with others to make more money.
B．Managing to improve yourself without lasting comparison to others.
C．Working extremely hard to achieve big goals.
D．Trying to be the best in everything you do.
40．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage
A．To suggest a balanced approach to life as the best solution.
B．To ask people to stop competing and"lie flat. "
C．To explain why the"rat race"is the only way to succeed.
D．To encourage people to work harder and achieve more.
【答案】37．D
38．C
39．B
40．A
【知识点】应用文；自我管理；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章分析了"内卷"和"躺平"的问题，提出平衡的生活方式是最佳选择。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需把握作者对两种极端生活方式的态度及最终观点。
37．文章大意题。根据最后一段"The best way forward is to find a balanced way."（最好的前进方式是找到一种平衡的方式。）可知，文章主要观点是平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段"this choice often leads to feeling upset and losing confidence in themselves because they aren't moving forwar；D...feel left behind"（这种选择常常导致沮丧，对自己失去信心，因为他们没有进步……感觉被落在后面）可知，"躺平"的人可能失去信心并感到被落后。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Healthy competition means trying our best，learning，and improving ourselves，but without endlessly comparing ourselves to others"（健康的竞争意味着尽最大努力、学习和提升自己，但不没完没了地和别人比较）可知，健康竞争是提升自己而不持续与他人比较。故选B。
40．推理判断题。文章先分析"内卷"和"躺平"的弊端，最后提出平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案，作者的写作目的是建议这种平衡方式。故选A。
四、阅读五选五：本大题共5小题，共5分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读五选五
Mother's Day，which falls on the second Sunday of May，is a holiday showing love to your mother. Today，it's also a holiday to bring your family joy. 　41． 　 .
Make your home beautiful
Get your house warm and fresh with some decorations（装饰品） . One idea is to cut paper hearts and hang them across a window or a bookcase. 　42． 　 And put them in unexpected places. Surprise your family with a word like"You look good today!"on the bathroom mirror or"I love you!"on a coffee maker.
Make a special plan
One of the best ways to show your family that you care about them is to plan a special trip. 　43． 　Or ask your brother and sister to have a picnic in the park. You can also make some preparations for the trip，like washing the family car，buying surprise snacks for each of your family members.
Try to make a dinner yourself
The homemade food is always popular—everyone likes it!It's time for you to have a try. 　44． 　Then you can enjoy it with your family. Let the food show our love and thanks and remind us of sweet memories.
Create a memory jar together
Find a clean jar or box. Ask everyone in your family to write down happy memories or things they love about each other on small pieces of paper. 　45． 　 Fold the papers and place them inside the jar. Decorate the jar with stickers or ribbons. Keep it somewhere special and read the notes together next year. This jar becomes a treasure full of family love and joy，reminding everyone how special your home is.
A. You can also add small photos or drawings. B. Another way is to write warm words on the paper hearts. C. It's a good idea to invite your mom for a bike riding. D. You can cook homemade food for your family. E. Here are some tips to show your love and kindness this year.
【答案】41．E；42．B；43．C；44．D；45．A
【知识点】应用文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】文章介绍了母亲节向家人表达爱和善意的几个建议，包括美化家、制定特别计划、自己做晚餐以及一起制作记忆罐。
A. 你也可以添加小照片或图画。
B. 另一种方法是在纸心上写温馨的话。
C. 邀请你妈妈去骑自行车是个好主意。
D. 你可以为家人做家常菜。
E. 这里有一些今年表达爱和善意的建议。
【点评】考查阅读还原。阅读短文，理解各段主题，结合上下文的逻辑关系和选项内容，故选择合适的句子使短文连贯完整。
41．根据上文"Mother's Day...is a holiday to bring your family joy."（母亲节……是一个给家人带来欢乐的节日。）以及下文列出的具体建议（美化家、制定特别计划等）可知，此处应是引出这些建议的句子，E项"Here are some tips to show your love and kindness this year."（这里有一些今年表达爱和善意的建议。）符合题意，故选E。
42．根据上文"One idea is to cut paper hearts and hang them across a window or a bookcase."（一个主意是剪纸心，把它们挂在窗户或书架上。）以及下文"Surprise your family with a word...on the bathroom mirror or 'I love you!' on a coffee maker."（用一句话给家人惊喜……在浴室镜子上或"我爱你！"在咖啡机上。）可知，此处是另一种与写温馨话语相关的做法，B项"Another way is to write warm words on the paper hearts."（另一种方法是在纸心上写温馨的话。）中的"Another way"承接上文的"One idea"，符合题意，故选B。
43．根据上文"One of the best ways...is to plan a special trip."（向家人表达关心的最好方式之一是计划一次特别的旅行。）以及下文"Or ask your brother and sister to have a picnic in the park."（或者让你的兄弟姐妹去公园野餐。）可知，此处是一个具体的旅行计划例子，C项"It's a good idea to invite your mom for a bike riding."（邀请妈妈去骑自行车是个好主意。）符合"特别旅行"的语境，故选C。
44．根据本段主题"Try to make a dinner yourself"（试着自己做一顿晚餐）以及上文"The homemade food is always popular—everyone likes it! It's time for you to have a try."（家常菜总是很受欢迎——每个人都喜欢！是时候试试了。）可知，此处应是做家常菜的具体表述，D项"You can cook homemade food for your family."（你可以为家人做家常菜。）符合题意，故选D。
45．根据上文"Ask everyone in your family to write down happy memories or things they love about each other on small pieces of paper."（让家里的每个人在小纸片上写下美好的回忆或他们对彼此的爱。）以及下文"Fold the papers and place them inside the jar."（把纸折起来放进罐子里。）可知，此处是除了写内容之外的补充做法，A项"You can also add small photos or drawings."（你也可以添加小照片或图画。）中的"also"承接上文，符合题意，故选A。
五、首字母短文填空：本大题共1小题，共5分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 首字母短文填空
Long，long ago in ancient China，the Jade Emperor wanted to create a special calendar. He decided to hold a r 　46． 　 for all the animals. The first twelve animals to reach the finish line would become part of the zodiac （十二生肖） . The Snake，though small，was very clever and knew it needed a smart plan to win.
On that day，the Snake saw the Ox，who was strong and steady. The Snake waved its body to get the Ox's attention and offered to help. "I know a shortcut through the forest，"the Snake said. The Ox，being kind， a 　47． 　 the Snake's offer and let the Snake ride on its back.
As they ran，the Snake feltp 　48． 　 and relaxed，knowing it had made a good choice. But soon，they came to a dangerous river. The Ox was worried，but the Snake encouraged it， "We can do this together!"With the Snake's help，the Ox crossed the river safely.
When they were close to the finish line，the Snake jumped off the Ox's back and slithered quickly to the front. The Snake's cleverness and bravery made a good i 　49． 　 on the Jade Emperor . He decided to include the Snake as the sixth animal in the zodiac.
From then on，people believed that those b 　50． 　 in the Year of the Snake were wise and resourceful，just like the Snake in the story. The Snake became a lovely and respected animal in the zodiac，known for its clever mind and brave heart.
【答案】46．ace；47．ccepted；48．eaceful；49．mpression；50．orn
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】故事关于古时玉帝举办生肖赛，蛇凭智谋搭牛背，临近终点抢先达，成第六生肖，属蛇者被认为聪慧机智。
【点评】考查单词拼写。在做单词拼写题时，首先要仔细阅读题目，理解句子的意思和语境。
46．句意：他决定为所有动物举办一场比赛。根据后文"The first twelve animals to reach the finish line"（前十二个到达终点线的动物）可知，玉皇大帝举办的是"比赛"，结合首字母为r可知，race比赛，符合题意。不定冠词a后接名词单数形式，故填race。
47．句意：牛很善良，接受了蛇的提议，让蛇骑在它背上。前文蛇提出帮忙并说知道捷径，后文牛让蛇骑在背上，说明牛"接受"了提议，首字母为a，且动作发生在过去，应用过去式accepted。故填accepted。
48．句意：当它们跑的时候，蛇感到平静又放松，知道自己做了一个好选择。and连接并列形容词，与"relaxed（放松的）"呼应，结合首字母p可知，"peaceful（平静的）"符合语境，描述蛇的状态。故填peaceful。
49．句意：蛇的聪明和勇敢给玉皇大帝留下了好印象。固定短语"make a good impression on"意为"给……留下好印象"，结合首字母i可知，impression印象，符合题意。故填impression。
50．句意：从那以后，人们认为那些在蛇年出生的人聪明且足智多谋，就像故事里的蛇一样。根据句意可知，此处表示"出生在蛇年的人"，应用过去分词born作定语修饰those，故填born。
六、完成句子：本大题共5小题，共10分。
51．（2025八下·广州期末） 昨天下午，一只迷路的小狗被发现蜷缩在灌木丛下瑟瑟发抖。
A small lost puppy 　 　shivering under a bush yesterday afternoon.
【答案】was found
【知识点】汉译英；一般过去时的被动语态；其他语法一致形式
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"被发现"。分析句子结构可知，句子主语"A small lost puppy"与动词"发现"是被动关系，且时间是"yesterday afternoon"（昨天下午），应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为"was/were+过去分词"，主语"A small lost puppy"是单数，应用was，find的过去分词形式是found。故填was found。
【点评】考查汉译英，一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。注意被动语态的运用，结合时间状语确定时态，正确使用"be+过去分词"结构。
52．（2025八下·广州期末） 莉莉放学走路回家时，听到了小狗微弱的呜咽声。
Lily 　 　home from school when she heard its faint whimpers.
【答案】was walking
【知识点】汉译英；过去进行时；其他语法一致形式
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"走路"。走路walk，结合语境可知，句子描述的是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+现在分词。主语Lily是第三人称单数，所以此处应用was walking，故填was walking。 【点评】考查汉译英，过去进行时和主谓一致。在理解句意的基础上，结合时态规则和主谓一致，可得出正确答案。
53．（2025八下·广州期末） 由于寒冷的雨水，小狗看起来非常虚弱和害怕。
　 　 the cold rain，the puppy looked very weak and scared.
【答案】Because of
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"由于"。由于because of（后接名词或名词短语）/because（后接句子），此处"the cold rain"是名词短语，所以应用because of，句首首字母大写，故填Because of。
【点评】考查汉译英和固定搭配。区分because和because of的用法，结合后面的成分类型，可得出正确答案。
54．（2025八下·广州期末） 莉莉停下来，小心地抱起这只小狗。她真是太好了。
　 　 very 　 　Lily to stop and carefully pick up the little dog.
【答案】It is；kind of
【知识点】汉译英；“It's+adj. (+of+sb.) +不定式”表示“(某人)做某事……”
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"她真是太好了"。"It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth."是固定句型，意为"某人做某事是……的"，此处形容词用kind（善良的），故填It is；kind of。
【点评】考查汉译英和形容词常用句型。掌握"It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth."的结构和用法，结合句意，可得出正确答案。
55．（2025八下·广州期末） 她把它抱回家，擦干它的身体，并承诺独自照顾它。
She took him home，dried him off，and promised to look after him 　 　.
【答案】on her own
【知识点】汉译英；介词短语
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"独自"。独自on one's own，此处主语是she，所以用on her own，故填on her own。
【点评】考查汉译英和介词短语。在理解短语含义的基础上，结合主语的人称，可得出正确答案。
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。
56．（2025八下·广州期末） 现在越来越多人养宠物，学校举行征文比赛，邀请全体学生以"My favourite animal"为题向学校校报投稿，内容如以下思维导图。
注意：（1）补全题目，可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息； （2）词数80左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）； （3）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
My Favourite Animal：▲
【答案】One possible version:
My Favourite Animal：Dogs
Dogs are my favourite animals. They are very lovely. They have a small nose and a big mouth. They have two small ears and a long tail. Their legs are short. When they are hungry，they open their mouths and look for food. They like to eat bones. They are very friendly to people. They are lovely. When I am free，I always play with them. It makes me very happy. I like them very much. Keeping dogs is very interesting.
【知识点】提纲作文；常见的动物及其生活环境；动物养殖；演讲稿
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文。按照所给的提示内容以"My favourite animal"为题向学校校报投稿。写作中要包含所给的三方面的内容，喜欢的动物是什么并给出原因，它如何生存以及从养动物上能学到什么。根据材料内容可知本文要用一般现在时，人称主要是第一人称单数以及第三人称复数，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题，写作中注意上下文的过渡，要符合逻辑关系，符合英语的表达习惯。
【点评】这篇短文根据所给内容的提示将三个方面的内容逐一进行了陈述。内容切题，意思连贯，表达清楚、完整，时态运用灵活准确。一些固定短语，如have a small nose and a big mouth；play with them；look for food等以及句型结构，如 When I am free,I always play with them. It makes me very happy. Keeping dogs is very interesting.等运用较为得体，表达比较准确，使文章更加流畅，自然。
1 / 1广东省广州市白云区2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷
一、语法选择：本大题共15小题，共15分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 语法选择
One day，two boys were fighting badly. They both wanted 1． the train and railway set. Their father saw this，pulled them apart，and said， "My little sons，you 2． a lot of stories about animals since you were born. Did you know 3． hunters caught monkeys in the past？They would place a glass jar 4． a small neck on the ground. Then，inside the jar，the monkeys' favorite food would 5． . "
"When 6． monkey found the jar，"the father said， "it would reach inside，take the food，and try to 7． . The monkey could have gotten its hand out 8． the neck of the jar hadn't been so small. It couldn't get out without giving up the food. "The boys listened 9． ，their eyes wide with curiosity. "No matter how hard the monkey tried，"the father continued， "it couldn't free its hand with the food in it. The monkey would pull and tug，but the narrow neck of the jar made it impossible to escape 10． it was holding the food. "The children asked together， "What？"The father replied， "The monkey always refused to let go. It held onto the food，never giving up. It was too stubborn to realize that letting go was the only way to be free. Then the hunters came over and got the monkey with excitement. "
The boys looked at each other，understanding the lesson their father was trying to teach 11． . "So，my little sons，remember this story. In life，you 12． be wise. Know when to give up，when to move on，and when to let go of whatever is holding you back. Just like the monkey，sometimes it's better to give up 13． small to find a better way to reach your dreams. You can always find 14． train set，but fighting won't help you get it. "The boys nodded，realizing that sometimes，letting go is the 15． choice.
1．A． get B． to get C． getting D． got
2．A． read B． reads C． have read D． had read
3．A． why B． when C． where D． how
4．A． with B． of C． within D． beside
5．A． was put B． puts C． be put D． have put
6．A． the B． a C． an D． /
7．A． get out them B． get them out
C． get out it D． get it out
8．A． when B． if C． as D． though
9．A． care B． careful C． carefully D． caring
10．A． after B． while C． before D． when
11．A． theirs B． their C． they D． them
12．A． should B． can C． must D． may
13．A． something B． anything C． everything D． nothing
14．A． other B． the other C． another D． others
15．A． wise B． wisest C． wiser D． wisely
二、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共10分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 完形填空
It was a sunny Sunday afternoon. Maggie sat by the edge of her family's new swimming pool，dipping her toes into the cool blue water. She had been dreaming of having a pool for months，but now she felt a little sad. When her mom 16． ，she asked， "What's wrong，Maggie？"Maggie 17． ， "Amelia is afraid of water. She doesn't know how to swim. I thought she'd be playing with me in the pool all summer. I miss her. Nothing is fun without her. "
Her mom smiled and said， "Why don't you invite Amelia over？Maybe we can help her feel 18． in the water. Remember how we taught your little brother to swim？Now he swims like a dolphin. "Maggie looked a little more 19． . "You're right!I'll call her right now. "Later that afternoon，Amelia arrived with her dad. "Are you sure you don't want to stay？"he asked. Amelia 20． bravely. "I think I'm ready to try. "
"Great. I'll be back in a couple of 21． ， "her dad said. Amelia sat 22． on the side of the pool. Maggie and her mom spent the whole afternoon helping Amelia. They started with simple 23． ， holding her hands and showing her how to float. Slowly，Amelia began to feel more comfortable.
When Amelia's dad came back，everyone was surprised how quickly the time had passed. "Watch this，Dad!"Amelia shouted，floating on her back. "I can do it!"She proudly showed him her new 24． . Her dad was amazed. "You two must be great teachers!"he said. Maggie's mom laughed. "I think Amelia was just ready to learn. She did all the hard work herself. "
"Can we come back tomorrow，Dad？"Amelia asked 25． . Everyone laughed，and Maggie knew that the summer was going to be a lot more fun with her best friend by her side.
16．A． discovered B． reminded C． noticed D． recommended
17．A． sighed B． cried C． smiled D． shouted
18．A． quiet B． safe C． warm D． cool
19．A． peaceful B． helpful C． thankful D． cheerful
20．A． refused B． questioned C． nodded D． explained
21．A． hours B． days C． weeks D． months
22．A． happily B． nervously C． sadly D． lonely
23．A． steps B． ways C． methods D． gestures
24．A． examples B． skills C． lessons D． programs
25．A． sadly B． kindly C． excitedly D． carelessly
三、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读理解
Summer is coming!How can we stay safe in the extreme heat？Here is some information for you.
26．Which of the following is a right way to face extreme heat
A．A worker wears dark-colored clothes when working outside.
B．A disabled person feels hot and drinks little water.
C．A child drinks juice with too much sugar when he feels hot.
D．An old person stays cool in an air-conditioned place.
27．Which picture can best show the relationship between time and the temperature in a car
outside temperature 27℃
A． B．
C． D．
28．What is the main topic of the passage
A．How to enjoy summer activities.
B．How to stay safe in extreme heat.
C．The dangers of extreme heat.
D．Tips for staying cool in summer.
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读理解
The guitar is one of the most popular musical instruments in the world. Many different cultures have played instruments like the guitar for over 3，000 years. The oldest instrument that we can see today comes from Ancient Egypt. You can see this guitar in a museum in Cairo. It belonged to a singer who sang for the Egyptian queen Hatshepsut. This type of guitar had a long neck and only three strings（弦）.
The lute is also an ancient instrument similar to a guitar，but it has a short neck and a body like half a pear. It usually had more strings than a guitar and they were in pairs. From 1100 to 1500，travelling singers and story tellers played the lute to go with their songs.
Guitars sometimes had pairs of strings like the lute，but the guitar changed over time to use single strings. People used guitars with six single strings for the first time in the 1600s in Italy，but the most important change happened in the 1850s. The Spanish guitar maker Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar's body bigger. His idea made the sound of the guitar louder and better. Most of today's classical guitars follow his design.
The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s. The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes. Some electric guitars don't look like guitars at all!
29．Which of the following is a lute
A． B．
C． D．
30．What does the underlined word"them"in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Shapes. B．Sounds. C．Guitars. D．Sizes.
31．In which order did the following happen
a. The first electric guitars appeared.
b. People used guitars with six single strings in Italy.
c. Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar's body bigger.
d. Travelling singers played the lute to go with their songs.
A．d-b-c-a B．a-c-d-b C．d-a-c-b D．c-d-a-b
32．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain how to play the guitar.
B．To introduce different types of guitars.
C．To compare the guitar with other musical instruments.
D．To describe the history of the guitar.
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读理解
I joined a club called"Passing Help"last month. As for why I joined this club，there is a touching story behind it.
One evening this May，I went to the countryside on business. My old car broke down suddenly on my way home. It was 25 miles away from my house. I wanted to get a ride，but there was no car passing by. It was also hard to take a taxi in such a lonely place. So I decided to take a bus home. I walked forward and soon found a bus stop nearby.
After a while，a bus came，but it did not go to my town. The bus driver was a young woman. She told me which bus I should take. I waited there for about thirty minutes. During that time，a truck passed by，but there was no space for me to take a ride. Just then a car came to me and a woman came out of the car. She was just the bus driver. "When I reached the bus station，I found that the bus to your town couldn't come，so I returned here to pick you up. I just can't leave you here，"she said， "Get in my car and I will take you back to your home. "
"It is a long way，"I said.
"Come on，sir，"she said. "Let's go. "
On the way she told me a story，which happened a few years ago. Her car ran out of gas halfway home. As she was wondering what to do，an old man driving by offered to drive her up to a gas station and then back to her car. The old man told her that he was a member of Passing Help and asked her to join it too.
When we got to my home，it was already very late. I wanted to give her some money as a thank-you，but she didn't accept it. "As a club member，I'm just trying to help those in need and do something nice for somebody else. Pass it along!"she said.
33．What kind of person is the driver from the story
A．She is very wealthy and likes to help others.
B．She is a kind and responsible person.
C．She is only interested in making money.
D．She is not very friendly to strangers.
34．Why did the bus driver tell the old man her own experience
A．To explain why she joined the"Passing Help"club.
B．To show that she had also faced difficult situations.
C．To ask the author to join the club.
D．To make the author feel better about his situation.
35．What is the main theme of the story
A．The importance of having a well-made car.
B．The difficulties of traveling in the countryside.
C．The kindness of strangers and the power of helping others.
D．The importance of being a member of a club.
36．What can we learn from the"Passing Help"club
A．People should only help those who can help them in return.
B．It is better to avoid helping strangers to avoid inconvenience.
C．Joining a club is the only way to be kind.
D．Helping others can create a positive cycle of kindness.
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读理解
Many people today feel stressed（感到压力） by lasting competition，often called the"rat race（内卷）". This means facing too much pressure（压力） in almost every part of life. Parents feel they must give their children the best things and opportunities. Students get caught in an educational race，feeling they need to grades and to attend the best schools to succeed. Office workers often put in very long hours，sometime over 10 hours a day. People push themselves extremely hard to make more money or achieve big goal believing this is the only path to a good life. However，this lasting struggle often leads to more worry and unhappiness instead of achievement.
Because of this heavy pressure，some people choose a different path called"lying flat. "They decide stop chasing those big，stressful goals like buying an expensive house，getting the highest grades，or land the best job. They might lose interest in working or studying hard. Instead of trying new things or learn new skills，they might just stay in their comfort zone，watching videos or playing games for long hours. This can make them feel left behind as the world changes. Sadly，this choice often leads to feeling upset and losing confidence in themselves because they aren't moving forward.
Clearly，neither the exhausting（使人精疲力尽的）"rat race"nor completely"lying flat"is a healthy or happy solution. Living only for lasting competition makes people tired，stressed，and often unhappy. On the other hand，giving up completely leads to boredom，feeling worried，and missing out on opportunities.
The best way forward is to find a balanced way. We should still have dreams and goals，but we can pursue （追求） them with healthy competition. Healthy competition means trying our best，learning，and improving ourselves，but without endlessly comparing ourselves to others or pushing to the point of tiredness. It's like playing a sport：you try to win，but you also enjoy the game and respect your teammates and opponents（对手）. This balanced way allows us to make steady progress，learn new things，and achieve meaningful things，while still having time to relax，enjoy hobbies，and be happy. It helps us avoid the extreme tiredness of the"rat race"and the lack of purpose in"lying flat，"leading to a more satisfying life.
37．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The"rat race"is necessary for success in life.
B．"Lying flat"is a good way to avoid stress.
C．Both the"rat race"and"lying flat"have their advantages.
D．A balanced way to life is the best solution.
38．What does the passage suggest about people who "lie flat"
A．They are more successful in life.
B．They feel more relaxed and happy.
C．They may lose confidence and feel left behind.
D．They are more likely to achieve their goals.
39．What does the author mean by"healthy competition"
A．Competing with others to make more money.
B．Managing to improve yourself without lasting comparison to others.
C．Working extremely hard to achieve big goals.
D．Trying to be the best in everything you do.
40．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage
A．To suggest a balanced approach to life as the best solution.
B．To ask people to stop competing and"lie flat. "
C．To explain why the"rat race"is the only way to succeed.
D．To encourage people to work harder and achieve more.
四、阅读五选五：本大题共5小题，共5分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 阅读五选五
Mother's Day，which falls on the second Sunday of May，is a holiday showing love to your mother. Today，it's also a holiday to bring your family joy. 　41． 　 .
Make your home beautiful
Get your house warm and fresh with some decorations（装饰品） . One idea is to cut paper hearts and hang them across a window or a bookcase. 　42． 　 And put them in unexpected places. Surprise your family with a word like"You look good today!"on the bathroom mirror or"I love you!"on a coffee maker.
Make a special plan
One of the best ways to show your family that you care about them is to plan a special trip. 　43． 　Or ask your brother and sister to have a picnic in the park. You can also make some preparations for the trip，like washing the family car，buying surprise snacks for each of your family members.
Try to make a dinner yourself
The homemade food is always popular—everyone likes it!It's time for you to have a try. 　44． 　Then you can enjoy it with your family. Let the food show our love and thanks and remind us of sweet memories.
Create a memory jar together
Find a clean jar or box. Ask everyone in your family to write down happy memories or things they love about each other on small pieces of paper. 　45． 　 Fold the papers and place them inside the jar. Decorate the jar with stickers or ribbons. Keep it somewhere special and read the notes together next year. This jar becomes a treasure full of family love and joy，reminding everyone how special your home is.
A. You can also add small photos or drawings. B. Another way is to write warm words on the paper hearts. C. It's a good idea to invite your mom for a bike riding. D. You can cook homemade food for your family. E. Here are some tips to show your love and kindness this year.
五、首字母短文填空：本大题共1小题，共5分。
（2025八下·广州期末） 首字母短文填空
Long，long ago in ancient China，the Jade Emperor wanted to create a special calendar. He decided to hold a r 　46． 　 for all the animals. The first twelve animals to reach the finish line would become part of the zodiac （十二生肖） . The Snake，though small，was very clever and knew it needed a smart plan to win.
On that day，the Snake saw the Ox，who was strong and steady. The Snake waved its body to get the Ox's attention and offered to help. "I know a shortcut through the forest，"the Snake said. The Ox，being kind， a 　47． 　 the Snake's offer and let the Snake ride on its back.
As they ran，the Snake feltp 　48． 　 and relaxed，knowing it had made a good choice. But soon，they came to a dangerous river. The Ox was worried，but the Snake encouraged it， "We can do this together!"With the Snake's help，the Ox crossed the river safely.
When they were close to the finish line，the Snake jumped off the Ox's back and slithered quickly to the front. The Snake's cleverness and bravery made a good i 　49． 　 on the Jade Emperor . He decided to include the Snake as the sixth animal in the zodiac.
From then on，people believed that those b 　50． 　 in the Year of the Snake were wise and resourceful，just like the Snake in the story. The Snake became a lovely and respected animal in the zodiac，known for its clever mind and brave heart.
六、完成句子：本大题共5小题，共10分。
51．（2025八下·广州期末） 昨天下午，一只迷路的小狗被发现蜷缩在灌木丛下瑟瑟发抖。
A small lost puppy 　 　shivering under a bush yesterday afternoon.
52．（2025八下·广州期末） 莉莉放学走路回家时，听到了小狗微弱的呜咽声。
Lily 　 　home from school when she heard its faint whimpers.
53．（2025八下·广州期末） 由于寒冷的雨水，小狗看起来非常虚弱和害怕。
　 　 the cold rain，the puppy looked very weak and scared.
54．（2025八下·广州期末） 莉莉停下来，小心地抱起这只小狗。她真是太好了。
　 　 very 　 　Lily to stop and carefully pick up the little dog.
55．（2025八下·广州期末） 她把它抱回家，擦干它的身体，并承诺独自照顾它。
She took him home，dried him off，and promised to look after him 　 　.
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。
56．（2025八下·广州期末） 现在越来越多人养宠物，学校举行征文比赛，邀请全体学生以"My favourite animal"为题向学校校报投稿，内容如以下思维导图。
注意：（1）补全题目，可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息； （2）词数80左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）； （3）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
My Favourite Animal：▲
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B；2．C；3．D；4．A；5．C；6．B；7．D；8．B；9．C；10．B；11．D；12．A；13．A；14．C；15．B
【知识点】人生百味类；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文关于父亲借猎人用窄口瓶捉猴子的故事，告诫两个为玩具争斗的儿子：人生需懂得适时放手，固执争夺只会困住自己。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
1．句意：他们都想得到那个火车和铁路模型套装。A. get（得到，动词原形）；B. to get（得到，动词不定式）；C. getting（得到，动名词/现在分词）；D. got（得到，过去式/过去分词）。根据原文"wanted"可知，want后接动词不定式，构成"want to do sth.（想要做某事）"结构，因此应选to get。故选B。
2．句意：你们从出生起就已经读了很多关于动物的故事。A. read（读，动词原形/过去式）；B. reads（读，第三人称单数形式）；C. have read（读，现在完成时）；D. had read（读，过去完成时）。根据原文"since you were born（自从你们出生起）"可知，since引导的时间状语从句常与现在完成时连用，强调动作从过去持续到现在，动词形式为have read。故选C。
3．句意：你们知道过去猎人是怎样捕捉猴子的吗？A. why（为什么，表原因）；B. when（何时，表时间）；C. where（何地，表地点）；D. how（怎样，表方式）。根据下文父亲讲述猎人捕捉猴子的具体方法（放玻璃罐、放食物等）可知，此处是询问"方式"，因此应选疑问词how。故选D。
4．句意：他们会在地上放一个有着细颈的玻璃罐。A. with（具有，带有）；B. of（……的，表所属）；C. within（在……之内）；D. beside（在……旁边）。根据原文"a glass jar...a small neck"可知，此处表示"带有细颈的玻璃罐"，with可表"具有、带有"，修饰名词jar，因此应选with。故选A。
5．句意：然后，在罐子里面，会放入猴子最喜欢的食物。A. was put（被放，一般过去时被动语态）；B. puts（放，第三人称单数主动语态）；C. be put（被放，被动语态原形）；D. have put（放，现在完成时主动语态）。根据原文"the monkeys' favorite food"与"put"是被动关系（食物被放入），且would后接动词原形可知，此处应选be put。故选C。
6．句意：当一只猴子发现这个罐子时。A. the（定冠词，表特指）；B. a（不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；C. an（不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前）；D. /（零冠词）。根据原文"monkey"是可数名词单数，且此处首次提到，表泛指"一只猴子"，应用不定冠词。且monkey以辅音音素开头，因此应选不定冠词a。故选B。
7．句意：它会伸进手去，抓住食物，然后试图把它（手）拿出来。A. get out them（错误结构，代词应放中间）；B. get them out（把它们拿出来）；C. get out it（错误结构，代词应放中间）；D. get it out（把它拿出来）。根据原文"its hand"可知，此处指代"手"，是单数，用代词it。"get out"是动副短语，代词作宾语时需放在中间，因此应选get it out。故选D。
8．句意：如果罐子的颈部不是那么小，猴子本可以把它的手拿出来。A. when（当……时，表时间）；B. if（如果，表假设）；C. as（因为，表原因；当……时，表时间）；D. though（尽管，表让步）。根据原文"could have gotten"可知，此处是虚拟语气，表与过去事实相反的假设（"罐子颈部不那么小"与事实相反），应用if引导条件状语从句，因此应选if。故选B。
9．句意：男孩们认真地听着，眼睛因好奇而睁得大大的。A. care（关心，动词/名词）；B. careful（认真的，形容词）；C. carefully（认真地，副词）；D. caring（关心他人的，形容词）。根据原文"listened"可知，此处需用副词修饰动词，因此应选carefully。故选C。
10．句意：但是罐子狭窄的颈部使得当它拿着食物时无法逃脱。A. after（在……之后，表时间）；B. while（当……时，表动作同时进行）；C. before（在……之前，表时间）；D. when（当……时，表时间）。根据原文"it was holding the food"与"escape"是同时进行的动作（拿着食物的同时无法逃脱）可知，while强调"在……期间，与……同时"，符合题意。因此应选while。故选B。
11．句意：明白了他们的父亲试图教给他们的道理。A. theirs（他们的，名词性物主代词）；B. their（他们的，形容词性物主代词）；C. they（他们，主格代词）；D. them（他们，宾格代词）。根据原文"teach"是及物动词可知，后接宾语，且应用宾格代词，因此应选them。故选D。
12．句意：在生活中，你们应该明智。A. should（应该，表建议）；B. can（能，表能力）；C. must（必须，表强制）；D. may（可能，表推测）。根据原文父亲对儿子的教导可知，此处是建议他们"应该"明智，因此应选should。故选A。
13．句意：有时候，放弃一些小的东西来找到实现梦想的更好方法会更好。A. something（某物，用于肯定句）；B. anything（任何物，用于否定句/疑问句）；C. everything（一切事物）；D. nothing（没有事物）。根据原文是肯定句且表示"一些小的东西"可知，应用不定代词something。故选A。
14．句意：你们总能找到另一个火车模型套装。A. other（其他的，后接复数名词）；B. the other（两者中的另一个）；C. another（三者及以上中的另一个，后接单数名词）；D. others（其他事物，代词，后不接名词）。根据原文"train set"是单数名词且此处表不确定的"另一个"，应用another。故选C。
15．句意：意识到有时候，放手是最明智的选择。A. wise（明智的，原级）；B. wisest（最明智的，最高级）；C. wiser（更明智的，比较级）；D. wisely（明智地，副词）。根据原文"the"可知，此处应用形容词最高级，因此应选wisest。故选B。
【答案】16．C；17．A；18．B；19．D；20．C；21．A；22．B；23．A；24．B；25．C
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文关于Maggie 因好友 Amelia 怕水不能一起玩而失落，在妈妈建议下邀请 Amelia 来学游泳，经过一下午练习 Amelia 成功学会漂浮，大家都很开心并期待明天再来。
【点评】考查完形填空。特别注意文章的首尾句，因为它们往往包含文章的主题或总结性信息，对于理解全文至关重要。
16．句意：当她的妈妈注意到时，她问道："Maggie，怎么了？"A. discovered（发现，指发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物）；B. reminded（提醒，使想起）；C. noticed（注意到，指察觉到某人或某事的状态）；D. recommended（推荐，建议）。根据上文"Maggie sat by the edge...but now she felt a little sad（玛吉坐在边缘……但现在她觉得有点难过）"可知，Maggie情绪低落，妈妈察觉到她的状态后才询问原因，"noticed"符合语境，指妈妈注意到她的异常。故选C。
17．句意：Maggie叹了口气："Amelia怕水。她不会游泳……"A. sighed（叹气，因无奈或伤感而叹气）；B. cried（哭，因悲伤或激动流泪）；C. smiled（微笑，表开心）；D. shouted（大喊，表激动或愤怒）。根据Maggie的话"Amelia is afraid of water...Nothing is fun without her（阿米莉亚怕水……没有她，什么都不好玩）"可知，她因朋友不能一起玩而感到伤感，"sighed"能体现这种情绪。故选A。
18．句意：也许我们可以帮她在水里感到安全。A. quiet（安静的，指没有声音）；B. safe（安全的，指没有危险）；C. warm（温暖的，指温度适宜）；D. cool（凉爽的，指温度低）。根据"Amelia is afraid of water（阿米莉亚怕水）"可知，Amelia怕水，核心是缺乏安全感，帮助她感到"安全"才能让她克服恐惧，"safe"符合语境。故选B。
19．句意：Maggie看起来开心多了。"你说得对！我现在就给她打电话。"A. peaceful（平静的，指内心平和）；B. helpful（有帮助的，指乐于助人）；C. thankful（感激的，指心怀感谢）；D. cheerful（开心的，指情绪愉悦）。根据上文Maggie因朋友不能一起玩而难过，以及她回应妈妈"我现在就给她打电话"的积极态度可知，她情绪变好了，"cheerful"符合语境。故选D。
20．句意：Amelia勇敢地点了点头："我想我准备好尝试了。"A. refused（拒绝，表不接受）；B. questioned（质疑，表怀疑）；C. nodded（点头，表同意）；D. explained（解释，表说明原因）。根据"Amelia arrived with her dad. 'Are you sure you don't want to stay？'he asked(阿米莉亚和她爸爸来了。你确定你不想留下来吗他问)"和"I think I'm ready to try（我想我已经准备好尝试了）"可知，Amelia同意留下尝试，"nodded"是同意的肢体表达。故选C。
21．句意："好的。我几小时后回来。"她爸爸说。A. hours（小时，指较短的时间）；B. days（天，指一天及以上）；C. weeks（周，指七天左右）；D. months（月，指较长时间）。根据"Later that afternoon，Amelia arrived(那天下午晚些时候，阿米莉亚来了)"和"When Amelia's dad came back，everyone was surprised how quickly the time had passed(当阿米莉亚的爸爸回来时，每个人都惊讶于时间过得如此之快)"可推测，爸爸离开的时间是当天下午的几个小时，"hours"符合语境。故选A。
22．句意：Amelia紧张地坐在泳池边。A. happily（开心地，指情绪愉悦）；B. nervously（紧张地，指因不安而紧张）；C. sadly（难过地，指情绪低落）；D. lonely（孤独地，指感到孤单）。根据"Amelia is afraid of water（阿米莉亚怕水）"结合常识可知，她怕水，初次面对泳池时会紧张，"nervously"符合语境。故选B。
23．句意：他们从简单的步骤开始，牵着她的手，教她如何漂浮。A. steps（步骤，指做事的程序或阶段）；B. ways（方法，指做某事的方式）；C. methods（方法，指系统的方法）；D. gestures（手势，指肢体动作）。根据"holding her hands and showing her how to float（握着她的手，教她如何漂浮）"结合常识可知，教游泳是按"步骤"进行的（先牵手，再教漂浮），"steps"符合语境。故选A。
24．句意：她自豪地向他展示她的新技能。A. examples（例子，指用来举例的事物）；B. skills（技能，指通过学习获得的能力）；C. lessons（课程，指教学内容）；D. programs（项目，指有计划的活动）。根据"floating on her back. 'I can do it!'（漂浮在她的背上。"我能行！"）"结合常识可知，漂浮是Amelia学会的游泳"技能"，"skills"符合语境。故选B。
25．句意：Amelia兴奋地问："爸爸，我们明天能再来吗？"A. sadly（难过地，指情绪低落）；B. kindly（友好地，指态度温和）；C. excitedly（兴奋地，指因开心而激动）；D. carelessly（粗心地，指不认真）。根据Amelia学会游泳后想再来的态度，以及"Everyone laughed（大家笑了）"的氛围，可知她是"兴奋地"提问，"excitedly"符合语境。故选C。
【答案】26．D
27．C
28．B
【知识点】应用文；安全事故与预防；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了在极端高温天气中保持安全的方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需结合题干定位原文或常识，判断正确选项。
26．推理判断题。根据文中指出"Stay cool in an air - conditioned place."（在有空调的地方保持凉爽）可知，老人等群体需在凉爽环境（如空调房）中。选项D"老人在空调房保持凉爽"符合安全方式。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据文中汽车部分的信息：外界温度27℃时，20分钟车内43℃，40分钟48℃，60分钟51℃ 可知，车内温度随时间延长而持续升高。符合这一变化趋势的图片为选项C。故选C。
28．文章大意题。根据文章开头"Summer is coming! How can we stay safe in the extreme heat？Here is some information for you."（夏天来了！我们如何在极端高温中保持安全？这里有一些信息供你参考。）可知，文章核心围绕"如何在极端高温中保障安全"展开。故选B。
【答案】29．B
30．C
31．A
32．D
【知识点】说明文；身边的事物与环境；推理判断；代词指代；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了吉他的发展历史，包括相关乐器的演变及重要变革。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需关注时间线、特征描述等细节，结合题干定位信息。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段"The lute...has a short neck and a body like half a pear."（鲁特琴……有短颈，琴身像半个梨。）结合选项图片，符合短颈、梨形琴身特征的是选项B。故选B。
30．代词指代题。根据第四段"The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes."（电吉他有实心琴身，能发出多种不同声音。我们也能发现它们有许多不同的形状和尺寸。）可知，此处"them"指代前文提到的"electric guitars"（电吉他）。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章可知：d.1100到1500年，游吟歌手用鲁特琴伴奏；B. 1600年代意大利人使用六根单弦吉他；C. 1850年代Antonio Torres Jurado扩大吉他琴身；a. 1930年代第一把电吉他出现。所以事件顺序为d-b-c-a。故选A。
32．文章大意题。文章从3000多年前的古埃及类似吉他的乐器讲起，依次介绍鲁特琴、六弦吉他、西班牙吉他及电吉他的发展，主要描述吉他的历史。故选D。
【答案】33．B
34．A
35．C
36．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者加入"Passing Help"俱乐部的缘由，通过公交司机助人的故事，展现了善意的传递。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需理解故事背后的情感和主题，结合选项判断。
33．推理判断题。根据"When I reached the bus station，I found that the bus to your town couldn't come，so I returned here to pick you up. I just can't leave you here"（司机发现去作者镇上的公交无法到达，主动返回接他，不愿丢下他）以及后文不接受报酬可知，体现了她的善良和责任心。选项B"她是一个善良且有责任心的人"符合描述。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据""Her car ran out of gas halfway home... The old man told her that he was a member of Passing Help and asked her to join it too"（"她的车在回家的路上没油了……老人告诉她，他是传递帮助的成员，并请她也加入进来）"可知，第五段司机讲述自己曾受老人帮助，老人邀请她加入"Passing Help"俱乐部，所以她讲述经历是为了解释加入该俱乐部的原因。故选A。
35．文章大意题。文章通过公交司机帮助作者、老人帮助司机的故事，体现了陌生人的善意及帮助他人的力量。选项C符合主题。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Pass it along!"（将善意传递下去！）结合全文可知，"Passing Help"俱乐部体现了帮助他人能形成善意的积极循环。故选D。
【答案】37．D
38．C
39．B
40．A
【知识点】应用文；自我管理；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】文章分析了"内卷"和"躺平"的问题，提出平衡的生活方式是最佳选择。
【点评】考查阅读理解。需把握作者对两种极端生活方式的态度及最终观点。
37．文章大意题。根据最后一段"The best way forward is to find a balanced way."（最好的前进方式是找到一种平衡的方式。）可知，文章主要观点是平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段"this choice often leads to feeling upset and losing confidence in themselves because they aren't moving forwar；D...feel left behind"（这种选择常常导致沮丧，对自己失去信心，因为他们没有进步……感觉被落在后面）可知，"躺平"的人可能失去信心并感到被落后。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Healthy competition means trying our best，learning，and improving ourselves，but without endlessly comparing ourselves to others"（健康的竞争意味着尽最大努力、学习和提升自己，但不没完没了地和别人比较）可知，健康竞争是提升自己而不持续与他人比较。故选B。
40．推理判断题。文章先分析"内卷"和"躺平"的弊端，最后提出平衡的生活方式是最佳解决方案，作者的写作目的是建议这种平衡方式。故选A。
【答案】41．E；42．B；43．C；44．D；45．A
【知识点】应用文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】文章介绍了母亲节向家人表达爱和善意的几个建议，包括美化家、制定特别计划、自己做晚餐以及一起制作记忆罐。
A. 你也可以添加小照片或图画。
B. 另一种方法是在纸心上写温馨的话。
C. 邀请你妈妈去骑自行车是个好主意。
D. 你可以为家人做家常菜。
E. 这里有一些今年表达爱和善意的建议。
【点评】考查阅读还原。阅读短文，理解各段主题，结合上下文的逻辑关系和选项内容，故选择合适的句子使短文连贯完整。
41．根据上文"Mother's Day...is a holiday to bring your family joy."（母亲节……是一个给家人带来欢乐的节日。）以及下文列出的具体建议（美化家、制定特别计划等）可知，此处应是引出这些建议的句子，E项"Here are some tips to show your love and kindness this year."（这里有一些今年表达爱和善意的建议。）符合题意，故选E。
42．根据上文"One idea is to cut paper hearts and hang them across a window or a bookcase."（一个主意是剪纸心，把它们挂在窗户或书架上。）以及下文"Surprise your family with a word...on the bathroom mirror or 'I love you!' on a coffee maker."（用一句话给家人惊喜……在浴室镜子上或"我爱你！"在咖啡机上。）可知，此处是另一种与写温馨话语相关的做法，B项"Another way is to write warm words on the paper hearts."（另一种方法是在纸心上写温馨的话。）中的"Another way"承接上文的"One idea"，符合题意，故选B。
43．根据上文"One of the best ways...is to plan a special trip."（向家人表达关心的最好方式之一是计划一次特别的旅行。）以及下文"Or ask your brother and sister to have a picnic in the park."（或者让你的兄弟姐妹去公园野餐。）可知，此处是一个具体的旅行计划例子，C项"It's a good idea to invite your mom for a bike riding."（邀请妈妈去骑自行车是个好主意。）符合"特别旅行"的语境，故选C。
44．根据本段主题"Try to make a dinner yourself"（试着自己做一顿晚餐）以及上文"The homemade food is always popular—everyone likes it! It's time for you to have a try."（家常菜总是很受欢迎——每个人都喜欢！是时候试试了。）可知，此处应是做家常菜的具体表述，D项"You can cook homemade food for your family."（你可以为家人做家常菜。）符合题意，故选D。
45．根据上文"Ask everyone in your family to write down happy memories or things they love about each other on small pieces of paper."（让家里的每个人在小纸片上写下美好的回忆或他们对彼此的爱。）以及下文"Fold the papers and place them inside the jar."（把纸折起来放进罐子里。）可知，此处是除了写内容之外的补充做法，A项"You can also add small photos or drawings."（你也可以添加小照片或图画。）中的"also"承接上文，符合题意，故选A。
【答案】46．ace；47．ccepted；48．eaceful；49．mpression；50．orn
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】故事关于古时玉帝举办生肖赛，蛇凭智谋搭牛背，临近终点抢先达，成第六生肖，属蛇者被认为聪慧机智。
【点评】考查单词拼写。在做单词拼写题时，首先要仔细阅读题目，理解句子的意思和语境。
46．句意：他决定为所有动物举办一场比赛。根据后文"The first twelve animals to reach the finish line"（前十二个到达终点线的动物）可知，玉皇大帝举办的是"比赛"，结合首字母为r可知，race比赛，符合题意。不定冠词a后接名词单数形式，故填race。
47．句意：牛很善良，接受了蛇的提议，让蛇骑在它背上。前文蛇提出帮忙并说知道捷径，后文牛让蛇骑在背上，说明牛"接受"了提议，首字母为a，且动作发生在过去，应用过去式accepted。故填accepted。
48．句意：当它们跑的时候，蛇感到平静又放松，知道自己做了一个好选择。and连接并列形容词，与"relaxed（放松的）"呼应，结合首字母p可知，"peaceful（平静的）"符合语境，描述蛇的状态。故填peaceful。
49．句意：蛇的聪明和勇敢给玉皇大帝留下了好印象。固定短语"make a good impression on"意为"给……留下好印象"，结合首字母i可知，impression印象，符合题意。故填impression。
50．句意：从那以后，人们认为那些在蛇年出生的人聪明且足智多谋，就像故事里的蛇一样。根据句意可知，此处表示"出生在蛇年的人"，应用过去分词born作定语修饰those，故填born。
51．【答案】was found
【知识点】汉译英；一般过去时的被动语态；其他语法一致形式
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"被发现"。分析句子结构可知，句子主语"A small lost puppy"与动词"发现"是被动关系，且时间是"yesterday afternoon"（昨天下午），应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为"was/were+过去分词"，主语"A small lost puppy"是单数，应用was，find的过去分词形式是found。故填was found。
【点评】考查汉译英，一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。注意被动语态的运用，结合时间状语确定时态，正确使用"be+过去分词"结构。
52．【答案】was walking
【知识点】汉译英；过去进行时；其他语法一致形式
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"走路"。走路walk，结合语境可知，句子描述的是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+现在分词。主语Lily是第三人称单数，所以此处应用was walking，故填was walking。 【点评】考查汉译英，过去进行时和主谓一致。在理解句意的基础上，结合时态规则和主谓一致，可得出正确答案。
53．【答案】Because of
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"由于"。由于because of（后接名词或名词短语）/because（后接句子），此处"the cold rain"是名词短语，所以应用because of，句首首字母大写，故填Because of。
【点评】考查汉译英和固定搭配。区分because和because of的用法，结合后面的成分类型，可得出正确答案。
54．【答案】It is；kind of
【知识点】汉译英；“It's+adj. (+of+sb.) +不定式”表示“(某人)做某事……”
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"她真是太好了"。"It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth."是固定句型，意为"某人做某事是……的"，此处形容词用kind（善良的），故填It is；kind of。
【点评】考查汉译英和形容词常用句型。掌握"It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth."的结构和用法，结合句意，可得出正确答案。
55．【答案】on her own
【知识点】汉译英；介词短语
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少翻译"独自"。独自on one's own，此处主语是she，所以用on her own，故填on her own。
【点评】考查汉译英和介词短语。在理解短语含义的基础上，结合主语的人称，可得出正确答案。
56．【答案】One possible version:
My Favourite Animal：Dogs
Dogs are my favourite animals. They are very lovely. They have a small nose and a big mouth. They have two small ears and a long tail. Their legs are short. When they are hungry，they open their mouths and look for food. They like to eat bones. They are very friendly to people. They are lovely. When I am free，I always play with them. It makes me very happy. I like them very much. Keeping dogs is very interesting.
【知识点】提纲作文；常见的动物及其生活环境；动物养殖；演讲稿
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文。按照所给的提示内容以"My favourite animal"为题向学校校报投稿。写作中要包含所给的三方面的内容，喜欢的动物是什么并给出原因，它如何生存以及从养动物上能学到什么。根据材料内容可知本文要用一般现在时，人称主要是第一人称单数以及第三人称复数，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题，写作中注意上下文的过渡，要符合逻辑关系，符合英语的表达习惯。
【点评】这篇短文根据所给内容的提示将三个方面的内容逐一进行了陈述。内容切题，意思连贯，表达清楚、完整，时态运用灵活准确。一些固定短语，如have a small nose and a big mouth；play with them；look for food等以及句型结构，如 When I am free,I always play with them. It makes me very happy. Keeping dogs is very interesting.等运用较为得体，表达比较准确，使文章更加流畅，自然。
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