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广东省深圳市高级中学2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷
一、完形填空
（2025八下·深圳期末） 完形填空
Peter:Mum, I'm so proud that you are a 1． . How many students are there in your class
Mum:Forty-five.
Peter:Then it's hard to have many one-to-one talks with each person. How do you know what's going on in their minds in class
Mum:My answer I look at their body language.
Peter:Their body language But 2．
Mum:It's easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most 3． and make eye contact. They lean forward and look at me. People like to lean towards whatever they are interested in. When I tell a joke, they laugh. When I talk about something 4． , they are at a loss. If a student keeps looking at his watch, it shows he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. 5． two friends lean their heads together, they are probably writing notes to each other. Of course, not everyone who looks up is 6． in class. Some students look up but there is no eye contact. Their eyes seldom move, and they 7． wear the same expression. It seems that they are asleep with their eyes open!
Peter:From time to time I daydream in class. Can you teachers see it
Mum:Sure! With their chins (下巴) on their hands, daydreamers look out of the window or up at the ceiling. They are certainly interested in something, 8． who knows what When they are attracted by other things, they spend all their time looking anywhere but at me. Then I 9． them to pay attention in class. As a teacher, my 10． is helping every student to learn. Their body language helps me know when to adjust (调整) class activities, and when to talk to students separately, so they can all get the most out of school.
Peter:Mum, you are so great!
1．A． policewoman B． driver C． doctor D． teacher
2．A． where B． when C． how D． why
3．A． look down B． look up
C． look back D． look through
4．A． difficult B． easy C． important D． funny
5．A． Since B． Although C． Because D． If
6．A． keeping in touch B． paying attention
C． taking a message D． getting along
7．A． always B． sometimes C． seldom D． never
8．A． and B． but C． so D． or
9．A． encourage B． allow C． wish D． remind
10．A． talent B． spirit C． duty D． plan
二、阅读理解
（2025八下·深圳期末） 阅读短文，回答问题
At seventeen minutes past four in the afternoon, while the passengers were in the main hall taking their lunch, a slight blow was felt on the Scotia (斯科舍号船), on the quarter a little behind the port wheel.
The Scotia had not run into something: something had run into it, and a cutting or sharp object rather than a blunt one. The blow seemed so slight that nobody on board would have worried but for the shout of the hold—workers who rushed up on to the deck (甲板).
"We're sinking! We're sinking!"
At first the passengers were quite afraid—but Captain Anderson quickly reassured (宽慰) them. In fact, the danger could not come at once. The Scotia, divided into seven parts, was sure to resist any leak with impunity.
Captain Anderson headed at once for the hold. He noticed that the fifth part had flooded; and the speed of the flooding proved that the hole was a quite big one. Very luckily, the boilers were not in this compartment, for the fires would have gone out at once.
Captain Anderson had the engines stopped at once, while one of the sailors dived to assess the damage. Shortly afterwards, the existence of a two-metre hole in the hull was confirmed. Such damage could not be repaired and the Scotia, its wheels half underwater, had to continue its journey in the same state. It was 300 miles from Cape Clear, and was three days late when it sailed into the company docks, having greatly worried Liverpool.
The engineers then carried out an inspection (检查) of the Scotia, which was in dry dock.
They couldn't believe their eyes. Two and a half meters below the water-line appeared a neat hole in the form of an isosceles triangle (等腰三角形). The break in the board was perfectly clean, and could not have been cut with greater precision.
—Taken from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
11．Where did the story take place
A．In the ocean. B．In a house.
C．In the lake. D．In a garden.
12．What does the underlined word "blunt" mean in Paragraph 2
A．sharp and pointed B．dull and not sharp
C．heavy and large D．light and small
13．Why was the Scotia three days late when it reached the company docks
A．Because the crew stopped to repair the hole.
B．Because the passengers refused to continue the journey.
C．Because the ship had to slow down due to the damage.
D．Because the weather was too bad to sail.
14．Which of the following is the correct order according to the story
a. The Captain stopped the engines.
b. The boat crushed into something sharp.
c. The engineers checked the Scotia for damage.
d. People realized that the Scotia was sinking.
A．a-b-d-c B．b-d-c-a C．b-d-a-c D．d-a-b-c
15．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The story took place in the morning.
B．Captain Anderson was very worried in the story.
C．The damage was not very serious.
D．At first, most people were not aware of the damage.
（2025八下·深圳期末） 阅读短文，回答问题
The story of domestication (驯化)
Long ago, dogs, sheep and cows used to be wild animals. How did they turn into pets and farm animals Let's find out!
Dogs
The story of domestication started somewhere in Asia, about 15, 000 to 23, 000 years ago. Back then, people moved across the land. They hunted large animals and often left meat on the ground. This attracted wolves, and they probably began following the hunters. Some people started catching baby wolves. They trained these young wolves to hunt with them. With every generation, people kept wolves with "friendly" genes (基因). Over thousands of years, these pet wolves turned into dogs.
Sheep
Around 13, 000 years ago, people in West Asia began to domesticate animals like sheep. Sheep are small and not very dangerous, and they move in big groups and follow their leader. This makes them easy to domesticate. They became an important source of meat. Later, the farmers also learnt how to make clothes from their wool.
Cows
People in West Asia started to domesticate aurochs—a kind of wild ox—sometime after 8000 BCE. Aurochs are now extinct, but they used to live all over Europe and Asia. They provided people with milk and meat, and they were also good working animals. As with other animals, people chose to keep aurochs with "good" genes, and the animals slowly turned into the cows we see today.
Over many thousands of years, pets and farm animals changed because of human efforts. The story of domestication still continues today.
16．What was the main reason wolves began following human hunters
A．They wanted to attack the humans.
B．They were attracted by leftover meat.
C．They needed protection from other animals.
D．They enjoyed human company.
17．Why were sheep easy to domesticate
A．Because they provided milk and meat.
B．Because they were large and good for carrying heavy loads.
C．Because they preferred to live alone, making them easier to control.
D．Because they lived in groups and followed a leader, posing little threat to humans.
18．In paragraph 4, "aurochs" refers to an animal. What were they most likely
A．An extinct type of wild cattle.
B．A modern type of cow.
C．A wolf-like animal.
D．An ancient type of sheep.
19．What can be inferred about the process of animal domestication
A．It happened quickly within a few generations.
B．Humans selected animals with desirable qualities on purpose.
C．Only herbivores (食草动物) were suitable for domestication.
D．Domestication was equally successful for all animal species.
20．Where is this text most likely taken from
A．A fictional short story. B．A pet training handbook.
C．An educational magazine. D．A travel guidebook.
（2025八下·深圳期末） 阅读短文，回答问题
Hundreds of foreign plants and animals are secretly entering China inside delivery boxes and hiding in city parks. About 660 such species now cause a loss of 200 billion yuan every year. Shenzhen Customs is fighting back with special machines after finding 17. 5% more invaders (入侵者) in early 2025 than the year before.
These "eco-invaders" push out local animals and plants while harming farms and forests. One water plant grows so fast that it can cover a whole lake in just six days, making fish die from lack of air. Equally dangerous are fire ants, which have spread to 12 provinces in 20 years. These insects not only hurt people with painful stings (蜇刺) but also ruin crops across wide areas.
The invaders sneak in (潜行) through clever hiding ways. Wood brought from other countries often carries tiny worms that kill pine trees within 40 days. Other species, like apple snails that have thousands of babies yearly, were first brought to China for people's use but later escaped into the wild. Customs officers recently discovered new hiding tricks, such as large ants carried inside toy boxes and shoes during border checks.
To stop these invaders, customs now uses smart machines called "AI X-ray scanners" that can see inside packages. These scanners, which automatically spot unusual shapes, help officers find 25% more hidden species than before. At the same time, scientists are using special insects that eat harmful foreign weeds, creating nature's own army against invaders.
While customs officers work hard, ordinary people must also join the fight. Citizens should never set free foreign pets like red-eared turtles in nature, avoid buying strange animals or plants online, and immediately report any unknown fast-spreading species. "Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment, " said a Shenzhen Customs officer after finding dangerous species in international mail. As invaders keep finding new ways to enter, combining (结合) smart technology with public awareness remains China's strongest shield (防护物) in this unseen war for our environment.
21．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To describe different types of foreign pets.
B．To discuss the history of fire ants in China.
C．To explain how Shenzhen Customs uses technology.
D．To warn about harmful foreign species and protection methods.
22．What does the phrase "push out" in Paragraph 2 most likely means
A．endanger B．protect C．observe D．warn
23．How do some foreign species enter China
A．By flying freely across national borders.
B．Through online shopping made by scientific researchers.
C．Through being imported before escaping into nature.
D．As passengers on airplanes inspected by customs officers.
24．What result did the "AI X-ray scanners" achieve
A．They help officers detect 25% more hidden species.
B．They trained insects to eat harmful foreign weeds.
C．They reduced border checks by about 25%.
D．They discovered 660 entirely new species.
25．Why does the customs officer state "Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment"
A．Because captured animals are sold to zoos to support environmental projects.
B．To emphasize that preventing biological invasions protects ecological balance.
C．To encourage citizens to keep foreign pets instead of buying local animals.
D．To show that technology cannot work without international cooperation.
（2025八下·深圳期末） 以下是一篇短文。请阅读全文并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
Life in 2050: A Glimpse into TomorrowSmart Transportation
Getting around will be safer and greener. Self-driving cars powered by solar energy will dominate (占主流) the roads. 　26． 　 For example, traffic lights will communicate directly with vehicles to prevent accidents. Public transport like flying taxis may become common in big cities, reducing traffic jams effectively. Education Revolution
　27． 　 Students worldwide will attend virtual classes using 3D hologram (全息) technology. AI teachers will provide personalized learning plans based on each student's progress. 　28． 　 Paper books might still be used for special learning purposes. Face-to-face communication remains important for developing social skills.
Green Living
Environmental protection will be at the heart of future life. Smart homes equipped with energy-saving AI systems will automatically adjust lighting and temperature. Renewable energy sources like solar and wind will power entire cities. 　29． 　Additionally, vertical farms in skyscrapers will produce fresh vegetables for urban areas. Surprisingly, people may eat lab-grown meat to protect natural resources. 　30． 　
A. For instance, rooftop solar panels and wind-powered streetlights will become standard in communities. B. Roads themselves will become intelligent partners of drivers. C. However, traditional schools won't disappear completely. D. Classrooms will no longer be limited by physical (实物的) spaces. E. Weather control systems could prevent natural disasters. F. Experts believe these innovations will cut global energy waste by half by 2045.
（2025八下·深圳期末） 信息匹配 下面A–F分别是六个和动物相关成语，请你根据下面五个同学的故事，请为他们选择一个合适的成语描述其基本情况。
Lily joined the dance club. She knew every move and felt completely relaxed and happy. It was her favorite place to be. 　31． 　 Tom's simple drawing of a flower looked great. But when he added too many colors, it became messy and less beautiful. 　32． 　 By choosing to cycle to school daily, Anna got exercise every day and also saved money on the bus fare. It was very efficient. 　33． 　 Ben grew up in a small village. When he first visited the city, he was amazed by its size and modern wonders. 　34． 　 Math was challenging for Jack. To understand better, he always studied the lesson before class started, which helped him keep up. 　35． 　 A. A slow bird must start flying early. B. The fox borrows the tiger's power. C. Like a fish in water. D. One arrow, two eagles. E. Draw legs on a snake. F. A frog at the bottom of a well.
三、短文填空
（2025八下·深圳期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
Embroidery (刺绣) is created by any of the cultures located in the area that makes up modern China. Chinese embroidery is an art that dates all 　36． 　 way back to the Han dynasty between 206BC and 220AD. It 　37． 　 (know) as silk embroidery, too. China was the first country 　38． 　 (sew) silk. In 　39． 　 (it) oldest form, Xianqian technique involved weaving the silk thread onto the silk fabric (绸缎).
In 1958, a piece of silk embroidered with a dragon and phoenix was discovered in a Chinese tomb from the Warring States Period (475–221BC), which showcased exceptional craftsmanship. At over 2, 000 years old, it represents one of 　40． 　 (early) recorded examples of Chinese embroidery. More than 2, 000 years old, it is the piece of Chinese embroidery ever unearthed. In the Tang and Song dynasties, embroidery was 　41． 　 (wide) used, growing more exquisite in technique and richer in color. It played a key role in the 　42． 　 (create) of paintings, calligraphy, and decorative art. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, both palace and folk embroidery experienced significant development, 　43． 　 (give) rise to the "Five Great Embroideries".
Nowadays, embroidered patterns have been used on daily items　44． 　 quilt covers, pillowcases, and shoe uppers. Throughout history, with the development of human civilization, this unconscious thread 　45． 　 (develop) gradually into the embroidery that people need.
四、书面表达
46．（2025八下·深圳期末） 为了增强同学们对野生动物的保护意识，你校英文报正在举办主题为 "Saving Our Animal Friends" 的征文活动。请你作为学校"生物探秘"兴趣小组的一员，介绍一种你们小组关注的濒危动物：
1、简要描述该动物（如：外形特征、生活习性、栖息地等）；
2、说明其濒危的主要原因及现状；
3、提出至少两条保护该动物的具体措施。
要求：1. 表达完整，减少语误；书写规范，卷面整洁；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使语句通顺、条理清楚、意义连贯；
3. 词数不少于80；开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Saving Our Animal Friends
In our Biology Explorers Club, we are deeply concerned about the endangered animals around the world. One animal that particularly worries us is
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D；2．C；3．B；4．A；5．D；6．B；7．A；8．B；9．D；10．C
【知识点】教育类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是彼得和妈妈之间的对话。妈妈作为一名教师，分享了自己根据身体语言分辨学生行为和状态的方法。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答，特别注意必须充分考虑到上下文具体语境，选择最佳答案。同时，在平时学习过程中也要注意词汇、固定搭配、句型等知识的熟练掌握。
1．句意 ：妈妈，我为你是一名老师而感到骄傲。policewoman女警察；driver司机；doctor医生；teacher老师。根据How many students are there in your class (你们班有多少学生？)，可知彼得的妈妈是一位教师。故选D。
2．句意：但是怎样看呢？where哪里；when何时；how怎样；why为什么。根据I look at their body language.(我观察他们的肢体语言)，可知彼得询问妈妈怎样根据身体语言判断学生们的状态。故选C。
3．句意：大多数人抬头与人眼神交流。look down向下看；look up查阅，向上看；look back回顾；look through浏览。根据It's easy to see when students show interest in a lesson.(当学生对一节课表现出兴趣时，很容易看出)，可知学生如果对课堂感兴趣，会抬头与老师进行眼神交流。故选B。
4．句意：当我谈到困难的事情时，他们不知所措。difficult困难的；easy容易的；important重要的；funny有趣的。根据they are at a loss(他们不知所措)，可知老师讲一些困难的东西时，学生们会不知所措。故选A。
5．句意：如果两个朋友把头靠在一起，他们可能正在给对方写纸条。Since自从；Although尽管；Because因为；If如果。根据two friends lean their heads together两个人头靠在一起，they are probably writing notes to each other.他们可能正在给对方写纸条，可知如果两个人头靠在一起，说明他们在写纸条，应用if表条件。故选D。
6．句意：当然，并不是每个抬头看的人都在课堂上全神贯注。keeping in touch保持联系；paying attention注意；taking a message留言；getting along与……相处。根据后句Some students look up but there is no eye contact.(有些学生抬头看，但没有眼神交流)，可知学生们抬头听课也并不一定意味着全神贯注。故选B。
7．句意：他们的眼睛很少动，他们总是带着同样的表情。always总是；sometimes有时；seldom很少；never从不。根据It seems that they are asleep with their eyes open!(他们好像睁着眼睛睡着了!)，可知学生上课走神或打瞌睡时脸上总是带着同样的表情。故选A。
8．句意：他们肯定对某件事感兴趣，但谁知道呢？and和。表示并列；but但是，表示转折；so因此，表示结果；or或者，表示选择。根据They are certainly interested in something他们肯定对某件事感兴趣，who knows what谁知道呢，可知前后文之间是转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。
9．句意：然后我提醒他们在课堂上要注意。encourage鼓励；allow允许；wish希望；remind提醒。根据When they are attracted by other things,they spend all their time looking anywhere but at me.(当他们被其他事物吸引时，他们会把所有的时间都花在看任何地方，而不是看我)，可知学生上课走神时，老师会提醒注意听讲。故选D。
10．句意：作为一名教师，我的职责是帮助每个学生学习。talent天赋；spirit精神；duty责任；plan计划。根据 helping every student to learn(帮助每个学生学习)，可知老师的责任是帮助学生学习。故选C。
【答案】11．A
12．B
13．C
14．C
15．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了"Scotia"号船在下午四点十七分航行时，被一个尖锐物体撞击，船体出现一个两米的大洞，导致船体进水。船长安德森虽然安抚了乘客，但船体受损严重无法修复，只能半浸在水中继续航行，最终比预定时间晚了三天到达公司码头。之后工程师对船进行了检查，发现船体水下两米半处有一个等腰三角形形状的整齐洞口，破坏非常干净，切割精准。文章通过描述船的遭遇，营造出一种神秘和紧张的氛围，引发读者对撞击船的物体的好奇。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览文章，理解大意，然后读懂题目，从文中找到关键词句，理解句意，选择正确答案。
11．推理判断题。根据文中多次提到Scotia(斯科舍号船)，sinking(下沉)，hull(船体)，sailed into the company docks(驶入公司码头)，可知与船只和航行相关的词汇，说明故事发生在海洋上。故选A。
12．词义猜测题。根据something had run into it, and a cutting or sharp object rather than a blunt one可知撞击船的是尖锐的切割物体，而不是与之相反的物体。sharp尖锐的，那么blunt就应该是"不锋利的，钝的"。选项A"尖锐且有尖的"与sharp意思相近；选项C"又重又大的"和选项D"又轻又小的"均不符合语境。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据Such damage could not be repaired and the Scotia, its wheels half underwater, had to continue its journey in the same state可知船体受损严重，无法修复，只能半浸在水中以相同状态继续航行，速度肯定会变慢，所以导致迟到三天。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据首先The boat crushed into something sharp(船撞上了尖锐的东西)，对应文中a slight blow was felt on the Scotia...something had run into it,and a cutting or sharp object，这是事件发生的开端，即b；接着People realized that the Scotia was sinking(人们意识到船在下沉)，对应We're sinking! We're sinking!，即d；然后The Captain stopped the engines"(船长停止了引擎)，对应Captain Anderson had the engines stopped at once，即a。最后The engineers checked the Scotia for damage(工程师检查船的损坏情况)，对应The engineers then carried out an inspection(检查)of the Scotia，即c。所以正确顺序是b-d-a-c，故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据The blow seemed so slight that nobody on board would have worried but for the shout of the hold—workers who rushed up on to the deck (甲板)(这一击似乎很轻，船上没有人会担心，除非有喊声——工人们冲上甲板)，可知一开始除了货舱工人，其他人都没意识到船受损了，所以D正确。故选D。
【答案】16．B
17．D
18．A
19．B
20．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测；文章出处
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了动物驯化的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂文章大意，然后从文中抓住相关语句，理解句意，选择正确答案。
16．细节理解题。根据文中Back then,people moved across the land. They hunted large animals and often left meat on the ground. This attracted wolves, and they probably began following the hunters.(那时，人们在陆地上迁徙。他们猎杀大型动物，经常把肉留在地上。这吸引了狼群，它们可能开始追随猎人)，可知人们狩猎后常把肉留在地上，这吸引了狼，所以狼开始跟随人类猎人，故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据Sheep are small and not very dangerous, and they move in big groups and follow their leader. This makes them easy to domesticate.可知羊体型小、不危险，且成群活动并跟随首领，这使得它们容易被驯化，故选D。
18．词义猜测题。根据People in West Asia started to domesticate aurochs—a kind of wild ox—sometime after 8000 BCE. Aurochs are now extinct, but they used to live all over Europe and Asia.(公元前8000年后的某个时候，西亚人开始驯养野牛。Aurochs现在已经灭绝，但它们曾经生活在欧洲和亚洲各地)，可知aurochs是一种野牛，现在已经灭绝，曾生活在欧洲和亚洲。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据With every generation, people kept wolves with 'friendly' genes."As with other animals, people chose to keep aurochs with 'good' genes"(每一代人都饲养着带有"友好"基因的狼。与其他动物一样，人们选择饲养具有"好"基因的野牛)，可知人类有目的地选择具有理想品质的动物进行驯化，故选B。
20．文章出处题。A.一个虚构的短篇故事；B.宠物训练手册；C.一本教育杂志；D.旅游指南。文章介绍了狗、羊、牛的驯化过程，具有科普教育性质，最可能出自教育杂志，故选C。
【答案】21．D
22．A
23．C
24．A
25．B
【知识点】科普类；说明文；细节理解；词义猜测；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文主要围绕有害外来物种展开。
【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
21．文章大意题。根据文章可知开篇指出大量外来动植物秘密进入中国并造成巨大损失，接着阐述了这些生态入侵者的危害、进入方式，以及海关和科学家采取的防护措施，最后呼吁普通民众也参与进来，整体是在警告人们关注有害外来物种并介绍保护方法，D正确。故选D。
22．词义猜测题。A.濒危；B.保护；C.观察；D.警告。根据These 'eco-invaders' push out local animals and plants while harming farms and forests.(这些"生态入侵者"赶走了当地的动植物，同时破坏了农场和森林)，以及后文对水生植物和火蚁危害的描述可知，这些"生态入侵者"会对本地动植物造成危害，影响它们的生存，结合语境，这些 "生态入侵者" 对本地动植物产生危害，push out local animals and plants应是指威胁到本地动植物，与endanger意思相近。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据Other species, like apple snails that have thousands of babies yearly, were first brought to China for people's use but later escaped into the wild.(其他物种，如每年有数千只幼崽的苹果蜗牛，最初被带到中国供人们使用，但后来逃到了野外)，可知一些外来物种是先被引入中国供人们使用，后来逃逸到野外，C正确。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据These scanners, which automatically spot unusual shapes, help officers find 25% more hidden species than before.可知AI X-ray扫描仪帮助海关人员比以前多发现了25%的隐藏物种，故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment(我们捕获的每一种有害生物都能拯救我们的环境)，这句话强调捕获有害生物对环境的保护作用，即防止生物入侵有助于维护生态平衡，选项B符合此意。故选B。
【答案】26．B；27．D；28．C；29．A；30．F
【知识点】说明文；生活方式
【解析】【分析】本文主要描绘了2050年生活的多个方面，展现了未来的美好愿景。
A.For instance, rooftop solar panels and wind-powered streetlights will become standard in communities.例如，屋顶太阳能电池板和风力路灯将成为社区的标准配置。
B.Roads themselves will become intelligent partners of drivers.道路本身将成为驾驶员的智能伙伴。
C.However, traditional schools won't disappear completely.然而，传统学校不会完全消失。
D.Classrooms will no longer be limited by physical (实物的) spaces.教室将不再受物理空间的限制。
E.Weather control systems could prevent natural disasters.天气控制系统可以预防自然灾害。
F.Experts believe these innovations will cut global energy waste by half by 2045.专家认为，到2045年，这些创新将使全球能源浪费减少一半。
【点评】考查阅读还原，首先浏览文章大意，然后理解选项意思，根据前后句句意和关键词句确定正确答案。
26．根据前文Self-driving cars powered by solar energy will dominate(占主流)the roads.(太阳能驱动的自动驾驶汽车将在道路上占主流)，重点围绕道路上的交通情况展开。结合选项B选项Roads themselves will become intelligent partners of drivers.(道路本身将成为司机的智能伙伴)，进一步阐述了道路在未来交通中的智能特性，与前文关于道路交通的描述紧密相连，逻辑连贯。故选B。
27．根据后文Students worldwide will attend virtual classes using 3D hologram(全息)technology.(世界各地的学生将使用3D全息技术参加虚拟课程)，这表明学习的场所不再局限于传统的实体教室。结合选项D选项Classrooms will no longer be limited by physical (实物的) spaces.(教室将不再受实体空间的限制)，准确地概括了后文所描述的这种学习方式的变化，与后文内容相呼应。故选D。
28．根据前文介绍了虚拟学习、AI教师等新的教育方式，后文Paper books might still be used for special learning purposes.Face-to-face communication remains important for developing social skills.(纸质书可能仍会用于特殊的学习目的。面对面交流对于培养社交技能仍然很重要)，说明传统教育元素依然存在。结合选项C选项However, traditional schools won't disappear completely.(然而，传统学校不会完全消失)，起到了承上启下的作用，既承接了前文关于新教育方式的描述，又引出了后文传统教育元素存在的相关内容。故选C。
29．根据前文Renewable energy sources like solar and wind will power entire cities.(太阳能和风能等可再生能源将为整个城市供电)，强调了可再生能源在城市供电中的应用。结合选项A选项For instance, rooftop solar panels and wind-powered streetlights will become standard in communities.(例如，屋顶太阳能电池板和风力路灯将成为社区的标准配置)，通过具体的例子进一步说明了可再生能源在社区中的应用，是对前文的举例说明，使内容更加具体可感。故选A。
30．根据前文描述了未来绿色生活的多个方面，包括智能家居、可再生能源、垂直农场、实验室培育的肉类等，这些都是为了实现环境保护和资源节约。结合选项F选项Experts believe these innovations will cut global energy waste by half by 2045.(专家认为，到2045年，这些创新将使全球能源浪费减少一半)，对这些创新措施在节能方面的效果进行了总结和展望，与前文关于绿色生活的描述相契合。故选F。
【答案】31．C；32．E；33．D；34．F；35．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文主要是通过五个同学不同的故事，将每个故事与一个和动物相关的成语进行匹配，以此来考查对这些成语含义的理解以及能否根据具体情境准确运用成语。
【点评】考查配对阅读，首先读懂题目要求，然后从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终选择正确答案。
31．根据Lily joined the dance club. She knew every move and felt completely relaxed and happy. It was her favorite place to be.可知Lily加入舞蹈俱乐部，熟悉每一个动作，感到轻松快乐，这里是她最爱的地方。结合选项可知成语Like a fish in water(如鱼得水)， 形容人在熟悉的环境中感到自在、舒适，与Lily在舞蹈俱乐部的状态完全契合。故选C。
32．根据Tom's simple drawing of a flower looked great. But when he added too many colors, it became messy and less beautiful.可知Tom简单画的花很好看，但添加太多颜色后变得杂乱，失去美感。结合选项成语Draw legs on a snake(画蛇添足)，指做多余的事，反而弄巧成拙，与Tom添加过多颜色导致画变糟的情境一致。故选E。
33．根据By choosing to cycle to school daily, Anna got exercise every day and also saved money on the bus fare. It was very efficient.可知Anna每天骑车上学，既锻炼了身体，又节省了车费，一举两得。结合选项可知成语One arrow, two eagles(一箭双雕)， 比喻做一件事同时达到两个目的，与Anna骑车 "兼顾锻炼和省钱" 的效果相符。故选D。
34．根据Ben grew up in a small village.When he first visited the city,he was amazed by its size and modern wonders.可知Ben在小村庄长大，第一次到城市，对城市的规模和现代化景象感到惊叹。结合选项可知成语A frog at the bottom of a well(井底之蛙)，原指见识短浅的人，此处引申为长期处于小环境的人初见广阔世界时的震撼，符合Ben的经历，故选F。
35．根据Math was challenging for Jack. To understand better, he always studied the lesson before class started, which helped him keep up.可知数学对Jack来说很难，为了理解得更好，他总是提前预习，以便跟上进度。结合选项可知成语A slow bird must start flying early(笨鸟先飞)，指能力稍弱的人提前努力，与Jack提前学习以应对数学难题的行为一致。故选A。
【答案】36．the；37．is known；38．to sew；39．its；40．the earliest；41．widely；42．creation；43．giving；44．like；45．has developed
【知识点】说明文；中国历史；非物质文化遗产（技艺传承）
【解析】【分析】主要介绍了中国刺绣的历史发展。
【点评】考查语法填空，首先浏览文章大意，然后结合单词的语法正确单词正确形式，最后仔细检查。
36．句意：中国刺绣是一门可以一直追溯到公元前206年至公元220年汉朝的艺术。all the way back to...追溯到......，固定搭配，故填the。
37．句意：它也被称作丝绣。know知道，实义动词，主语it是动作know的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，即be+动词过去分词，know的过去分词是known，主语是单数it，所以be动词用is，be known as...被称为……，固定搭配，故填known。
38．句意：中国是第一个缝制丝绸的国家。sew缝制，实义动词。the first country to do sth.第一个做某事的国家，固定搭配，所以用to sew，故填to sew。
39．句意：在其最古老的形式中，先牵技法涉及将丝线编织到丝绸织物上。it它，主格，做主语。form形式，名词，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，it的形容词性物主代词是its，它的，故填its。
40．句意：这件有着2000多年历史的刺绣品代表了中国刺绣有记录的例子中最早的之一。early早的，形容词原级。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示最.......之一，固定搭配，early的最高级是the earliest，最早的，故填the earliest。
41．句意：在唐宋时期，刺绣被广泛使用，技艺变得更加精湛，色彩也更加丰富。wide宽的，形容词。used是use的过去分词，use使用，实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，wide的副词是widely，广泛地，故填widely。
42．句意：它在绘画、书法和装饰艺术的创作中起到了关键作用。create创造，实义动词。the后面用名词，create的名词是creation，创造，不可数名词，故填creation。
43．句意：在明清时期，宫廷刺绣和民间刺绣都经历了显著的发展，从而催生了"五大名绣"。give给，实义动词。give rise to...导致，引起，这里oth palace and folk embroidery与give rise to是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，说明明清时期刺绣发展的结果。give动词现在分词是giving，故填giving。
44．句意：如今，刺绣图案已被用在像被套、枕套和鞋面这样的日常用品上。quilt covers, pillowcases, and shoe uppers被套、枕套和鞋面，可知用于举例说明刺绣图案所应用的日常用品的种类。like像，介词，故填like。
45．句意：纵观历史，随着人类文明的发展，这种无意识的丝线逐渐发展成了人们所需要的刺绣。develop发展，实义动词。根据句子可知时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，注意是单数thread，所以用has，develop的过去分词是developed，故填has developed。
46．【答案】One possible version:
基础版
In our Biology Explorers Club, we are deeply concerned about the endangered animals around the world. One animal that particularly worries us is the Asian elephant. These gentle giants have grey skin, big ears, and long trunks. They live in forests and grasslands in Asia, often traveling in groups. They eat plants, fruits, and sometimes crops.
However, their survival is threatened. Human activities, such as cutting forests for farming and building roads, destroy their habitats. Worse still, illegal hunting for ivory continues, despite strict laws. Now, only about 50, 000 Asian elephants remain in the wild.
To protect them, governments should create more nature reserves and strengthen anti-poaching laws. Meanwhile, raising public awareness about refusing ivory products is crucial. Let's act now before these magnificent creatures disappear forever!
进阶版
In our Biology Explorers Club, we are deeply concerned about the endangered animals around the world. One animal that particularly worries us is the Asian elephant, an endangered species we focus on. With grey, wrinkled skin and a long trunk, these gentle giants live in forests and grasslands across Asia. They eat plants, use their trunks to drink, and travel in herds, showing strong family bonds.
However, Asian elephants are facing serious dangers. Their habitats are shrinking due to deforestation and farming expansion. Also, illegal hunting for ivory still exists despite international bans. What's worse, when elephants destroy crops or villages, which sometimes causes conflicts with humans so locals might hurt or kill them. Now, only about 50, 000 Asian elephants remain in the wild, and their number keeps dropping.
To protect them, we must take action. Governments should build more nature reserves and strictly punish poachers. Schools and communities can organize activities to teach people about elephant conservation. For example, in Yunnan, local projects teach farmers to grow crops that elephants dislike, reducing human-elephant conflicts.
Every creature matters on Earth. Let's work together to save Asian elephants before it's too late!
【知识点】命题作文；表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯；现在进行时；说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文，主要介绍拯救动物。时态是现在进行时和一般现在时，首先介绍亚洲象的外形特征、生活习性和栖息地等；然后介绍亚洲象濒危的主要原因及现状；最后介绍保护动物的具体措施。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
【点评】基础版：结构清晰采用了总-分-总的结构。结构合理，符合征文要求，能让读者快速了解文章主旨和内容框架。语言表达简单直接，对于基础水平的学生来说，容易掌握和运用，能够清晰传达关于亚洲象的基本信息、濒危情况和保护建议。具有一定的实用性，可以作为学生学习写作濒危动物保护类文章的入门范例。层次分明，逻辑连贯。内容完整，语言简洁，使用简单易懂的词汇和句式，如These gentle giants have...、They live in...、However, their survival is threatened.等，适合基础水平的读者理解和模仿。
进阶版：结构同样清晰，遵循总-分-总的逻辑，开篇表明关注亚洲象这一濒危动物，中间详细阐述其各方面情况，结尾呼吁共同保护。
内容丰富且深入，语言丰富。运用了更多高级词汇和复杂句式，如endangered species we focus on、with grey、wrinkled skin and a long trunk等定语结构，What's worse引导的递进句式，以及Every creature matters on Earth这样富有感染力的句子，提升了文章的文采和表达水平。内容丰富详实，对亚洲象的各个方面进行了细致入微的描述，使读者能够全面深入地了解这种濒危动物。语言表达优美，运用了多种词汇和句式，增强了文章的感染力和可读性，能够更好地引起读者对亚洲象保护的关注和重视。
提出的保护措施具体可行，通过举例说明，使读者更清楚如何在实际生活中为保护亚洲象贡献力量。
1 / 1广东省深圳市高级中学2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷
一、完形填空
（2025八下·深圳期末） 完形填空
Peter:Mum, I'm so proud that you are a 1． . How many students are there in your class
Mum:Forty-five.
Peter:Then it's hard to have many one-to-one talks with each person. How do you know what's going on in their minds in class
Mum:My answer I look at their body language.
Peter:Their body language But 2．
Mum:It's easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most 3． and make eye contact. They lean forward and look at me. People like to lean towards whatever they are interested in. When I tell a joke, they laugh. When I talk about something 4． , they are at a loss. If a student keeps looking at his watch, it shows he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. 5． two friends lean their heads together, they are probably writing notes to each other. Of course, not everyone who looks up is 6． in class. Some students look up but there is no eye contact. Their eyes seldom move, and they 7． wear the same expression. It seems that they are asleep with their eyes open!
Peter:From time to time I daydream in class. Can you teachers see it
Mum:Sure! With their chins (下巴) on their hands, daydreamers look out of the window or up at the ceiling. They are certainly interested in something, 8． who knows what When they are attracted by other things, they spend all their time looking anywhere but at me. Then I 9． them to pay attention in class. As a teacher, my 10． is helping every student to learn. Their body language helps me know when to adjust (调整) class activities, and when to talk to students separately, so they can all get the most out of school.
Peter:Mum, you are so great!
1．A． policewoman B． driver C． doctor D． teacher
2．A． where B． when C． how D． why
3．A． look down B． look up
C． look back D． look through
4．A． difficult B． easy C． important D． funny
5．A． Since B． Although C． Because D． If
6．A． keeping in touch B． paying attention
C． taking a message D． getting along
7．A． always B． sometimes C． seldom D． never
8．A． and B． but C． so D． or
9．A． encourage B． allow C． wish D． remind
10．A． talent B． spirit C． duty D． plan
【答案】1．D；2．C；3．B；4．A；5．D；6．B；7．A；8．B；9．D；10．C
【知识点】教育类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是彼得和妈妈之间的对话。妈妈作为一名教师，分享了自己根据身体语言分辨学生行为和状态的方法。
【点评】考查完形填空。根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答，特别注意必须充分考虑到上下文具体语境，选择最佳答案。同时，在平时学习过程中也要注意词汇、固定搭配、句型等知识的熟练掌握。
1．句意 ：妈妈，我为你是一名老师而感到骄傲。policewoman女警察；driver司机；doctor医生；teacher老师。根据How many students are there in your class (你们班有多少学生？)，可知彼得的妈妈是一位教师。故选D。
2．句意：但是怎样看呢？where哪里；when何时；how怎样；why为什么。根据I look at their body language.(我观察他们的肢体语言)，可知彼得询问妈妈怎样根据身体语言判断学生们的状态。故选C。
3．句意：大多数人抬头与人眼神交流。look down向下看；look up查阅，向上看；look back回顾；look through浏览。根据It's easy to see when students show interest in a lesson.(当学生对一节课表现出兴趣时，很容易看出)，可知学生如果对课堂感兴趣，会抬头与老师进行眼神交流。故选B。
4．句意：当我谈到困难的事情时，他们不知所措。difficult困难的；easy容易的；important重要的；funny有趣的。根据they are at a loss(他们不知所措)，可知老师讲一些困难的东西时，学生们会不知所措。故选A。
5．句意：如果两个朋友把头靠在一起，他们可能正在给对方写纸条。Since自从；Although尽管；Because因为；If如果。根据two friends lean their heads together两个人头靠在一起，they are probably writing notes to each other.他们可能正在给对方写纸条，可知如果两个人头靠在一起，说明他们在写纸条，应用if表条件。故选D。
6．句意：当然，并不是每个抬头看的人都在课堂上全神贯注。keeping in touch保持联系；paying attention注意；taking a message留言；getting along与……相处。根据后句Some students look up but there is no eye contact.(有些学生抬头看，但没有眼神交流)，可知学生们抬头听课也并不一定意味着全神贯注。故选B。
7．句意：他们的眼睛很少动，他们总是带着同样的表情。always总是；sometimes有时；seldom很少；never从不。根据It seems that they are asleep with their eyes open!(他们好像睁着眼睛睡着了!)，可知学生上课走神或打瞌睡时脸上总是带着同样的表情。故选A。
8．句意：他们肯定对某件事感兴趣，但谁知道呢？and和。表示并列；but但是，表示转折；so因此，表示结果；or或者，表示选择。根据They are certainly interested in something他们肯定对某件事感兴趣，who knows what谁知道呢，可知前后文之间是转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。
9．句意：然后我提醒他们在课堂上要注意。encourage鼓励；allow允许；wish希望；remind提醒。根据When they are attracted by other things,they spend all their time looking anywhere but at me.(当他们被其他事物吸引时，他们会把所有的时间都花在看任何地方，而不是看我)，可知学生上课走神时，老师会提醒注意听讲。故选D。
10．句意：作为一名教师，我的职责是帮助每个学生学习。talent天赋；spirit精神；duty责任；plan计划。根据 helping every student to learn(帮助每个学生学习)，可知老师的责任是帮助学生学习。故选C。
二、阅读理解
（2025八下·深圳期末） 阅读短文，回答问题
At seventeen minutes past four in the afternoon, while the passengers were in the main hall taking their lunch, a slight blow was felt on the Scotia (斯科舍号船), on the quarter a little behind the port wheel.
The Scotia had not run into something: something had run into it, and a cutting or sharp object rather than a blunt one. The blow seemed so slight that nobody on board would have worried but for the shout of the hold—workers who rushed up on to the deck (甲板).
"We're sinking! We're sinking!"
At first the passengers were quite afraid—but Captain Anderson quickly reassured (宽慰) them. In fact, the danger could not come at once. The Scotia, divided into seven parts, was sure to resist any leak with impunity.
Captain Anderson headed at once for the hold. He noticed that the fifth part had flooded; and the speed of the flooding proved that the hole was a quite big one. Very luckily, the boilers were not in this compartment, for the fires would have gone out at once.
Captain Anderson had the engines stopped at once, while one of the sailors dived to assess the damage. Shortly afterwards, the existence of a two-metre hole in the hull was confirmed. Such damage could not be repaired and the Scotia, its wheels half underwater, had to continue its journey in the same state. It was 300 miles from Cape Clear, and was three days late when it sailed into the company docks, having greatly worried Liverpool.
The engineers then carried out an inspection (检查) of the Scotia, which was in dry dock.
They couldn't believe their eyes. Two and a half meters below the water-line appeared a neat hole in the form of an isosceles triangle (等腰三角形). The break in the board was perfectly clean, and could not have been cut with greater precision.
—Taken from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
11．Where did the story take place
A．In the ocean. B．In a house.
C．In the lake. D．In a garden.
12．What does the underlined word "blunt" mean in Paragraph 2
A．sharp and pointed B．dull and not sharp
C．heavy and large D．light and small
13．Why was the Scotia three days late when it reached the company docks
A．Because the crew stopped to repair the hole.
B．Because the passengers refused to continue the journey.
C．Because the ship had to slow down due to the damage.
D．Because the weather was too bad to sail.
14．Which of the following is the correct order according to the story
a. The Captain stopped the engines.
b. The boat crushed into something sharp.
c. The engineers checked the Scotia for damage.
d. People realized that the Scotia was sinking.
A．a-b-d-c B．b-d-c-a C．b-d-a-c D．d-a-b-c
15．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The story took place in the morning.
B．Captain Anderson was very worried in the story.
C．The damage was not very serious.
D．At first, most people were not aware of the damage.
【答案】11．A
12．B
13．C
14．C
15．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了"Scotia"号船在下午四点十七分航行时，被一个尖锐物体撞击，船体出现一个两米的大洞，导致船体进水。船长安德森虽然安抚了乘客，但船体受损严重无法修复，只能半浸在水中继续航行，最终比预定时间晚了三天到达公司码头。之后工程师对船进行了检查，发现船体水下两米半处有一个等腰三角形形状的整齐洞口，破坏非常干净，切割精准。文章通过描述船的遭遇，营造出一种神秘和紧张的氛围，引发读者对撞击船的物体的好奇。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览文章，理解大意，然后读懂题目，从文中找到关键词句，理解句意，选择正确答案。
11．推理判断题。根据文中多次提到Scotia(斯科舍号船)，sinking(下沉)，hull(船体)，sailed into the company docks(驶入公司码头)，可知与船只和航行相关的词汇，说明故事发生在海洋上。故选A。
12．词义猜测题。根据something had run into it, and a cutting or sharp object rather than a blunt one可知撞击船的是尖锐的切割物体，而不是与之相反的物体。sharp尖锐的，那么blunt就应该是"不锋利的，钝的"。选项A"尖锐且有尖的"与sharp意思相近；选项C"又重又大的"和选项D"又轻又小的"均不符合语境。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据Such damage could not be repaired and the Scotia, its wheels half underwater, had to continue its journey in the same state可知船体受损严重，无法修复，只能半浸在水中以相同状态继续航行，速度肯定会变慢，所以导致迟到三天。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据首先The boat crushed into something sharp(船撞上了尖锐的东西)，对应文中a slight blow was felt on the Scotia...something had run into it,and a cutting or sharp object，这是事件发生的开端，即b；接着People realized that the Scotia was sinking(人们意识到船在下沉)，对应We're sinking! We're sinking!，即d；然后The Captain stopped the engines"(船长停止了引擎)，对应Captain Anderson had the engines stopped at once，即a。最后The engineers checked the Scotia for damage(工程师检查船的损坏情况)，对应The engineers then carried out an inspection(检查)of the Scotia，即c。所以正确顺序是b-d-a-c，故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据The blow seemed so slight that nobody on board would have worried but for the shout of the hold—workers who rushed up on to the deck (甲板)(这一击似乎很轻，船上没有人会担心，除非有喊声——工人们冲上甲板)，可知一开始除了货舱工人，其他人都没意识到船受损了，所以D正确。故选D。
（2025八下·深圳期末） 阅读短文，回答问题
The story of domestication (驯化)
Long ago, dogs, sheep and cows used to be wild animals. How did they turn into pets and farm animals Let's find out!
Dogs
The story of domestication started somewhere in Asia, about 15, 000 to 23, 000 years ago. Back then, people moved across the land. They hunted large animals and often left meat on the ground. This attracted wolves, and they probably began following the hunters. Some people started catching baby wolves. They trained these young wolves to hunt with them. With every generation, people kept wolves with "friendly" genes (基因). Over thousands of years, these pet wolves turned into dogs.
Sheep
Around 13, 000 years ago, people in West Asia began to domesticate animals like sheep. Sheep are small and not very dangerous, and they move in big groups and follow their leader. This makes them easy to domesticate. They became an important source of meat. Later, the farmers also learnt how to make clothes from their wool.
Cows
People in West Asia started to domesticate aurochs—a kind of wild ox—sometime after 8000 BCE. Aurochs are now extinct, but they used to live all over Europe and Asia. They provided people with milk and meat, and they were also good working animals. As with other animals, people chose to keep aurochs with "good" genes, and the animals slowly turned into the cows we see today.
Over many thousands of years, pets and farm animals changed because of human efforts. The story of domestication still continues today.
16．What was the main reason wolves began following human hunters
A．They wanted to attack the humans.
B．They were attracted by leftover meat.
C．They needed protection from other animals.
D．They enjoyed human company.
17．Why were sheep easy to domesticate
A．Because they provided milk and meat.
B．Because they were large and good for carrying heavy loads.
C．Because they preferred to live alone, making them easier to control.
D．Because they lived in groups and followed a leader, posing little threat to humans.
18．In paragraph 4, "aurochs" refers to an animal. What were they most likely
A．An extinct type of wild cattle.
B．A modern type of cow.
C．A wolf-like animal.
D．An ancient type of sheep.
19．What can be inferred about the process of animal domestication
A．It happened quickly within a few generations.
B．Humans selected animals with desirable qualities on purpose.
C．Only herbivores (食草动物) were suitable for domestication.
D．Domestication was equally successful for all animal species.
20．Where is this text most likely taken from
A．A fictional short story. B．A pet training handbook.
C．An educational magazine. D．A travel guidebook.
【答案】16．B
17．D
18．A
19．B
20．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测；文章出处
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了动物驯化的故事。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先读懂文章大意，然后从文中抓住相关语句，理解句意，选择正确答案。
16．细节理解题。根据文中Back then,people moved across the land. They hunted large animals and often left meat on the ground. This attracted wolves, and they probably began following the hunters.(那时，人们在陆地上迁徙。他们猎杀大型动物，经常把肉留在地上。这吸引了狼群，它们可能开始追随猎人)，可知人们狩猎后常把肉留在地上，这吸引了狼，所以狼开始跟随人类猎人，故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据Sheep are small and not very dangerous, and they move in big groups and follow their leader. This makes them easy to domesticate.可知羊体型小、不危险，且成群活动并跟随首领，这使得它们容易被驯化，故选D。
18．词义猜测题。根据People in West Asia started to domesticate aurochs—a kind of wild ox—sometime after 8000 BCE. Aurochs are now extinct, but they used to live all over Europe and Asia.(公元前8000年后的某个时候，西亚人开始驯养野牛。Aurochs现在已经灭绝，但它们曾经生活在欧洲和亚洲各地)，可知aurochs是一种野牛，现在已经灭绝，曾生活在欧洲和亚洲。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据With every generation, people kept wolves with 'friendly' genes."As with other animals, people chose to keep aurochs with 'good' genes"(每一代人都饲养着带有"友好"基因的狼。与其他动物一样，人们选择饲养具有"好"基因的野牛)，可知人类有目的地选择具有理想品质的动物进行驯化，故选B。
20．文章出处题。A.一个虚构的短篇故事；B.宠物训练手册；C.一本教育杂志；D.旅游指南。文章介绍了狗、羊、牛的驯化过程，具有科普教育性质，最可能出自教育杂志，故选C。
（2025八下·深圳期末） 阅读短文，回答问题
Hundreds of foreign plants and animals are secretly entering China inside delivery boxes and hiding in city parks. About 660 such species now cause a loss of 200 billion yuan every year. Shenzhen Customs is fighting back with special machines after finding 17. 5% more invaders (入侵者) in early 2025 than the year before.
These "eco-invaders" push out local animals and plants while harming farms and forests. One water plant grows so fast that it can cover a whole lake in just six days, making fish die from lack of air. Equally dangerous are fire ants, which have spread to 12 provinces in 20 years. These insects not only hurt people with painful stings (蜇刺) but also ruin crops across wide areas.
The invaders sneak in (潜行) through clever hiding ways. Wood brought from other countries often carries tiny worms that kill pine trees within 40 days. Other species, like apple snails that have thousands of babies yearly, were first brought to China for people's use but later escaped into the wild. Customs officers recently discovered new hiding tricks, such as large ants carried inside toy boxes and shoes during border checks.
To stop these invaders, customs now uses smart machines called "AI X-ray scanners" that can see inside packages. These scanners, which automatically spot unusual shapes, help officers find 25% more hidden species than before. At the same time, scientists are using special insects that eat harmful foreign weeds, creating nature's own army against invaders.
While customs officers work hard, ordinary people must also join the fight. Citizens should never set free foreign pets like red-eared turtles in nature, avoid buying strange animals or plants online, and immediately report any unknown fast-spreading species. "Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment, " said a Shenzhen Customs officer after finding dangerous species in international mail. As invaders keep finding new ways to enter, combining (结合) smart technology with public awareness remains China's strongest shield (防护物) in this unseen war for our environment.
21．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To describe different types of foreign pets.
B．To discuss the history of fire ants in China.
C．To explain how Shenzhen Customs uses technology.
D．To warn about harmful foreign species and protection methods.
22．What does the phrase "push out" in Paragraph 2 most likely means
A．endanger B．protect C．observe D．warn
23．How do some foreign species enter China
A．By flying freely across national borders.
B．Through online shopping made by scientific researchers.
C．Through being imported before escaping into nature.
D．As passengers on airplanes inspected by customs officers.
24．What result did the "AI X-ray scanners" achieve
A．They help officers detect 25% more hidden species.
B．They trained insects to eat harmful foreign weeds.
C．They reduced border checks by about 25%.
D．They discovered 660 entirely new species.
25．Why does the customs officer state "Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment"
A．Because captured animals are sold to zoos to support environmental projects.
B．To emphasize that preventing biological invasions protects ecological balance.
C．To encourage citizens to keep foreign pets instead of buying local animals.
D．To show that technology cannot work without international cooperation.
【答案】21．D
22．A
23．C
24．A
25．B
【知识点】科普类；说明文；细节理解；词义猜测；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文主要围绕有害外来物种展开。
【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
21．文章大意题。根据文章可知开篇指出大量外来动植物秘密进入中国并造成巨大损失，接着阐述了这些生态入侵者的危害、进入方式，以及海关和科学家采取的防护措施，最后呼吁普通民众也参与进来，整体是在警告人们关注有害外来物种并介绍保护方法，D正确。故选D。
22．词义猜测题。A.濒危；B.保护；C.观察；D.警告。根据These 'eco-invaders' push out local animals and plants while harming farms and forests.(这些"生态入侵者"赶走了当地的动植物，同时破坏了农场和森林)，以及后文对水生植物和火蚁危害的描述可知，这些"生态入侵者"会对本地动植物造成危害，影响它们的生存，结合语境，这些 "生态入侵者" 对本地动植物产生危害，push out local animals and plants应是指威胁到本地动植物，与endanger意思相近。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据Other species, like apple snails that have thousands of babies yearly, were first brought to China for people's use but later escaped into the wild.(其他物种，如每年有数千只幼崽的苹果蜗牛，最初被带到中国供人们使用，但后来逃到了野外)，可知一些外来物种是先被引入中国供人们使用，后来逃逸到野外，C正确。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据These scanners, which automatically spot unusual shapes, help officers find 25% more hidden species than before.可知AI X-ray扫描仪帮助海关人员比以前多发现了25%的隐藏物种，故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据Every harmful creature we catch saves our environment(我们捕获的每一种有害生物都能拯救我们的环境)，这句话强调捕获有害生物对环境的保护作用，即防止生物入侵有助于维护生态平衡，选项B符合此意。故选B。
（2025八下·深圳期末） 以下是一篇短文。请阅读全文并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
Life in 2050: A Glimpse into TomorrowSmart Transportation
Getting around will be safer and greener. Self-driving cars powered by solar energy will dominate (占主流) the roads. 　26． 　 For example, traffic lights will communicate directly with vehicles to prevent accidents. Public transport like flying taxis may become common in big cities, reducing traffic jams effectively. Education Revolution
　27． 　 Students worldwide will attend virtual classes using 3D hologram (全息) technology. AI teachers will provide personalized learning plans based on each student's progress. 　28． 　 Paper books might still be used for special learning purposes. Face-to-face communication remains important for developing social skills.
Green Living
Environmental protection will be at the heart of future life. Smart homes equipped with energy-saving AI systems will automatically adjust lighting and temperature. Renewable energy sources like solar and wind will power entire cities. 　29． 　Additionally, vertical farms in skyscrapers will produce fresh vegetables for urban areas. Surprisingly, people may eat lab-grown meat to protect natural resources. 　30． 　
A. For instance, rooftop solar panels and wind-powered streetlights will become standard in communities. B. Roads themselves will become intelligent partners of drivers. C. However, traditional schools won't disappear completely. D. Classrooms will no longer be limited by physical (实物的) spaces. E. Weather control systems could prevent natural disasters. F. Experts believe these innovations will cut global energy waste by half by 2045.
【答案】26．B；27．D；28．C；29．A；30．F
【知识点】说明文；生活方式
【解析】【分析】本文主要描绘了2050年生活的多个方面，展现了未来的美好愿景。
A.For instance, rooftop solar panels and wind-powered streetlights will become standard in communities.例如，屋顶太阳能电池板和风力路灯将成为社区的标准配置。
B.Roads themselves will become intelligent partners of drivers.道路本身将成为驾驶员的智能伙伴。
C.However, traditional schools won't disappear completely.然而，传统学校不会完全消失。
D.Classrooms will no longer be limited by physical (实物的) spaces.教室将不再受物理空间的限制。
E.Weather control systems could prevent natural disasters.天气控制系统可以预防自然灾害。
F.Experts believe these innovations will cut global energy waste by half by 2045.专家认为，到2045年，这些创新将使全球能源浪费减少一半。
【点评】考查阅读还原，首先浏览文章大意，然后理解选项意思，根据前后句句意和关键词句确定正确答案。
26．根据前文Self-driving cars powered by solar energy will dominate(占主流)the roads.(太阳能驱动的自动驾驶汽车将在道路上占主流)，重点围绕道路上的交通情况展开。结合选项B选项Roads themselves will become intelligent partners of drivers.(道路本身将成为司机的智能伙伴)，进一步阐述了道路在未来交通中的智能特性，与前文关于道路交通的描述紧密相连，逻辑连贯。故选B。
27．根据后文Students worldwide will attend virtual classes using 3D hologram(全息)technology.(世界各地的学生将使用3D全息技术参加虚拟课程)，这表明学习的场所不再局限于传统的实体教室。结合选项D选项Classrooms will no longer be limited by physical (实物的) spaces.(教室将不再受实体空间的限制)，准确地概括了后文所描述的这种学习方式的变化，与后文内容相呼应。故选D。
28．根据前文介绍了虚拟学习、AI教师等新的教育方式，后文Paper books might still be used for special learning purposes.Face-to-face communication remains important for developing social skills.(纸质书可能仍会用于特殊的学习目的。面对面交流对于培养社交技能仍然很重要)，说明传统教育元素依然存在。结合选项C选项However, traditional schools won't disappear completely.(然而，传统学校不会完全消失)，起到了承上启下的作用，既承接了前文关于新教育方式的描述，又引出了后文传统教育元素存在的相关内容。故选C。
29．根据前文Renewable energy sources like solar and wind will power entire cities.(太阳能和风能等可再生能源将为整个城市供电)，强调了可再生能源在城市供电中的应用。结合选项A选项For instance, rooftop solar panels and wind-powered streetlights will become standard in communities.(例如，屋顶太阳能电池板和风力路灯将成为社区的标准配置)，通过具体的例子进一步说明了可再生能源在社区中的应用，是对前文的举例说明，使内容更加具体可感。故选A。
30．根据前文描述了未来绿色生活的多个方面，包括智能家居、可再生能源、垂直农场、实验室培育的肉类等，这些都是为了实现环境保护和资源节约。结合选项F选项Experts believe these innovations will cut global energy waste by half by 2045.(专家认为，到2045年，这些创新将使全球能源浪费减少一半)，对这些创新措施在节能方面的效果进行了总结和展望，与前文关于绿色生活的描述相契合。故选F。
（2025八下·深圳期末） 信息匹配 下面A–F分别是六个和动物相关成语，请你根据下面五个同学的故事，请为他们选择一个合适的成语描述其基本情况。
Lily joined the dance club. She knew every move and felt completely relaxed and happy. It was her favorite place to be. 　31． 　 Tom's simple drawing of a flower looked great. But when he added too many colors, it became messy and less beautiful. 　32． 　 By choosing to cycle to school daily, Anna got exercise every day and also saved money on the bus fare. It was very efficient. 　33． 　 Ben grew up in a small village. When he first visited the city, he was amazed by its size and modern wonders. 　34． 　 Math was challenging for Jack. To understand better, he always studied the lesson before class started, which helped him keep up. 　35． 　 A. A slow bird must start flying early. B. The fox borrows the tiger's power. C. Like a fish in water. D. One arrow, two eagles. E. Draw legs on a snake. F. A frog at the bottom of a well.
【答案】31．C；32．E；33．D；34．F；35．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文主要是通过五个同学不同的故事，将每个故事与一个和动物相关的成语进行匹配，以此来考查对这些成语含义的理解以及能否根据具体情境准确运用成语。
【点评】考查配对阅读，首先读懂题目要求，然后从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终选择正确答案。
31．根据Lily joined the dance club. She knew every move and felt completely relaxed and happy. It was her favorite place to be.可知Lily加入舞蹈俱乐部，熟悉每一个动作，感到轻松快乐，这里是她最爱的地方。结合选项可知成语Like a fish in water(如鱼得水)， 形容人在熟悉的环境中感到自在、舒适，与Lily在舞蹈俱乐部的状态完全契合。故选C。
32．根据Tom's simple drawing of a flower looked great. But when he added too many colors, it became messy and less beautiful.可知Tom简单画的花很好看，但添加太多颜色后变得杂乱，失去美感。结合选项成语Draw legs on a snake(画蛇添足)，指做多余的事，反而弄巧成拙，与Tom添加过多颜色导致画变糟的情境一致。故选E。
33．根据By choosing to cycle to school daily, Anna got exercise every day and also saved money on the bus fare. It was very efficient.可知Anna每天骑车上学，既锻炼了身体，又节省了车费，一举两得。结合选项可知成语One arrow, two eagles(一箭双雕)， 比喻做一件事同时达到两个目的，与Anna骑车 "兼顾锻炼和省钱" 的效果相符。故选D。
34．根据Ben grew up in a small village.When he first visited the city,he was amazed by its size and modern wonders.可知Ben在小村庄长大，第一次到城市，对城市的规模和现代化景象感到惊叹。结合选项可知成语A frog at the bottom of a well(井底之蛙)，原指见识短浅的人，此处引申为长期处于小环境的人初见广阔世界时的震撼，符合Ben的经历，故选F。
35．根据Math was challenging for Jack. To understand better, he always studied the lesson before class started, which helped him keep up.可知数学对Jack来说很难，为了理解得更好，他总是提前预习，以便跟上进度。结合选项可知成语A slow bird must start flying early(笨鸟先飞)，指能力稍弱的人提前努力，与Jack提前学习以应对数学难题的行为一致。故选A。
三、短文填空
（2025八下·深圳期末） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
Embroidery (刺绣) is created by any of the cultures located in the area that makes up modern China. Chinese embroidery is an art that dates all 　36． 　 way back to the Han dynasty between 206BC and 220AD. It 　37． 　 (know) as silk embroidery, too. China was the first country 　38． 　 (sew) silk. In 　39． 　 (it) oldest form, Xianqian technique involved weaving the silk thread onto the silk fabric (绸缎).
In 1958, a piece of silk embroidered with a dragon and phoenix was discovered in a Chinese tomb from the Warring States Period (475–221BC), which showcased exceptional craftsmanship. At over 2, 000 years old, it represents one of 　40． 　 (early) recorded examples of Chinese embroidery. More than 2, 000 years old, it is the piece of Chinese embroidery ever unearthed. In the Tang and Song dynasties, embroidery was 　41． 　 (wide) used, growing more exquisite in technique and richer in color. It played a key role in the 　42． 　 (create) of paintings, calligraphy, and decorative art. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, both palace and folk embroidery experienced significant development, 　43． 　 (give) rise to the "Five Great Embroideries".
Nowadays, embroidered patterns have been used on daily items　44． 　 quilt covers, pillowcases, and shoe uppers. Throughout history, with the development of human civilization, this unconscious thread 　45． 　 (develop) gradually into the embroidery that people need.
【答案】36．the；37．is known；38．to sew；39．its；40．the earliest；41．widely；42．creation；43．giving；44．like；45．has developed
【知识点】说明文；中国历史；非物质文化遗产（技艺传承）
【解析】【分析】主要介绍了中国刺绣的历史发展。
【点评】考查语法填空，首先浏览文章大意，然后结合单词的语法正确单词正确形式，最后仔细检查。
36．句意：中国刺绣是一门可以一直追溯到公元前206年至公元220年汉朝的艺术。all the way back to...追溯到......，固定搭配，故填the。
37．句意：它也被称作丝绣。know知道，实义动词，主语it是动作know的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，即be+动词过去分词，know的过去分词是known，主语是单数it，所以be动词用is，be known as...被称为……，固定搭配，故填known。
38．句意：中国是第一个缝制丝绸的国家。sew缝制，实义动词。the first country to do sth.第一个做某事的国家，固定搭配，所以用to sew，故填to sew。
39．句意：在其最古老的形式中，先牵技法涉及将丝线编织到丝绸织物上。it它，主格，做主语。form形式，名词，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，it的形容词性物主代词是its，它的，故填its。
40．句意：这件有着2000多年历史的刺绣品代表了中国刺绣有记录的例子中最早的之一。early早的，形容词原级。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示最.......之一，固定搭配，early的最高级是the earliest，最早的，故填the earliest。
41．句意：在唐宋时期，刺绣被广泛使用，技艺变得更加精湛，色彩也更加丰富。wide宽的，形容词。used是use的过去分词，use使用，实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，wide的副词是widely，广泛地，故填widely。
42．句意：它在绘画、书法和装饰艺术的创作中起到了关键作用。create创造，实义动词。the后面用名词，create的名词是creation，创造，不可数名词，故填creation。
43．句意：在明清时期，宫廷刺绣和民间刺绣都经历了显著的发展，从而催生了"五大名绣"。give给，实义动词。give rise to...导致，引起，这里oth palace and folk embroidery与give rise to是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，说明明清时期刺绣发展的结果。give动词现在分词是giving，故填giving。
44．句意：如今，刺绣图案已被用在像被套、枕套和鞋面这样的日常用品上。quilt covers, pillowcases, and shoe uppers被套、枕套和鞋面，可知用于举例说明刺绣图案所应用的日常用品的种类。like像，介词，故填like。
45．句意：纵观历史，随着人类文明的发展，这种无意识的丝线逐渐发展成了人们所需要的刺绣。develop发展，实义动词。根据句子可知时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，注意是单数thread，所以用has，develop的过去分词是developed，故填has developed。
四、书面表达
46．（2025八下·深圳期末） 为了增强同学们对野生动物的保护意识，你校英文报正在举办主题为 "Saving Our Animal Friends" 的征文活动。请你作为学校"生物探秘"兴趣小组的一员，介绍一种你们小组关注的濒危动物：
1、简要描述该动物（如：外形特征、生活习性、栖息地等）；
2、说明其濒危的主要原因及现状；
3、提出至少两条保护该动物的具体措施。
要求：1. 表达完整，减少语误；书写规范，卷面整洁；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使语句通顺、条理清楚、意义连贯；
3. 词数不少于80；开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Saving Our Animal Friends
In our Biology Explorers Club, we are deeply concerned about the endangered animals around the world. One animal that particularly worries us is
【答案】One possible version:
基础版
In our Biology Explorers Club, we are deeply concerned about the endangered animals around the world. One animal that particularly worries us is the Asian elephant. These gentle giants have grey skin, big ears, and long trunks. They live in forests and grasslands in Asia, often traveling in groups. They eat plants, fruits, and sometimes crops.
However, their survival is threatened. Human activities, such as cutting forests for farming and building roads, destroy their habitats. Worse still, illegal hunting for ivory continues, despite strict laws. Now, only about 50, 000 Asian elephants remain in the wild.
To protect them, governments should create more nature reserves and strengthen anti-poaching laws. Meanwhile, raising public awareness about refusing ivory products is crucial. Let's act now before these magnificent creatures disappear forever!
进阶版
In our Biology Explorers Club, we are deeply concerned about the endangered animals around the world. One animal that particularly worries us is the Asian elephant, an endangered species we focus on. With grey, wrinkled skin and a long trunk, these gentle giants live in forests and grasslands across Asia. They eat plants, use their trunks to drink, and travel in herds, showing strong family bonds.
However, Asian elephants are facing serious dangers. Their habitats are shrinking due to deforestation and farming expansion. Also, illegal hunting for ivory still exists despite international bans. What's worse, when elephants destroy crops or villages, which sometimes causes conflicts with humans so locals might hurt or kill them. Now, only about 50, 000 Asian elephants remain in the wild, and their number keeps dropping.
To protect them, we must take action. Governments should build more nature reserves and strictly punish poachers. Schools and communities can organize activities to teach people about elephant conservation. For example, in Yunnan, local projects teach farmers to grow crops that elephants dislike, reducing human-elephant conflicts.
Every creature matters on Earth. Let's work together to save Asian elephants before it's too late!
【知识点】命题作文；表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯；现在进行时；说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文，主要介绍拯救动物。时态是现在进行时和一般现在时，首先介绍亚洲象的外形特征、生活习性和栖息地等；然后介绍亚洲象濒危的主要原因及现状；最后介绍保护动物的具体措施。注意运用好词好句，同时注意恰当使用连词，使文章上下文联系更为紧密。
【点评】基础版：结构清晰采用了总-分-总的结构。结构合理，符合征文要求，能让读者快速了解文章主旨和内容框架。语言表达简单直接，对于基础水平的学生来说，容易掌握和运用，能够清晰传达关于亚洲象的基本信息、濒危情况和保护建议。具有一定的实用性，可以作为学生学习写作濒危动物保护类文章的入门范例。层次分明，逻辑连贯。内容完整，语言简洁，使用简单易懂的词汇和句式，如These gentle giants have...、They live in...、However, their survival is threatened.等，适合基础水平的读者理解和模仿。
进阶版：结构同样清晰，遵循总-分-总的逻辑，开篇表明关注亚洲象这一濒危动物，中间详细阐述其各方面情况，结尾呼吁共同保护。
内容丰富且深入，语言丰富。运用了更多高级词汇和复杂句式，如endangered species we focus on、with grey、wrinkled skin and a long trunk等定语结构，What's worse引导的递进句式，以及Every creature matters on Earth这样富有感染力的句子，提升了文章的文采和表达水平。内容丰富详实，对亚洲象的各个方面进行了细致入微的描述，使读者能够全面深入地了解这种濒危动物。语言表达优美，运用了多种词汇和句式，增强了文章的感染力和可读性，能够更好地引起读者对亚洲象保护的关注和重视。
提出的保护措施具体可行，通过举例说明，使读者更清楚如何在实际生活中为保护亚洲象贡献力量。
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