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(共16张PPT)
Unit 5 Play by the rules
Grammar
Learning Objectives
In this lesson, you will:
1.master the usage of infinitives as adverbials of purpose.
2.complete exercises on using infinitives to express purpose.
3.share a story of following rules using target languages.
(a) I got on the train to go home.
(b) I went to a quiet area in order to read.
(c) I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food.
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the
grammar rules.
What does the infinitive show Is it the purpose, reason, or result of the action
These infinitives all show the purpose!
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces.
I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl.
Grammar Rules
动词不定式可以在句中作目的状语，表示行为动作的目的。
e.g. The WWF is working hard to save all the animals.
世界自然基金会正在努力挽救所有的动物。
She practises every day to improve her singing skills.
她每天都在练习，以提高自己的歌唱技巧。
e.g. Dylan trained hard to improve his basketball skills.
Dylan刻苦训练以提高自己的篮球技术。
= To improve his basketball skills, Dylan trained hard.
在作目的状语时，不定式既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。放在句首时通常加逗号。
除了直接使用to do sth之外，我们还可以使用in order to do sth和so as to do sth来表示行为动作的目的。
e.g. He's saving money in order to buy a new computer.
为了买一台新电脑，他正在攒钱。
Linda started work early so as to finish it by five.
Linda很早就开始工作，以便在五点前完成。
in order to do sth 更正式，强调目的，可位于句首或句中。否定结构： in order not to do sth.
e.g. They left early in order to catch the first train.
他们早早离开，为了赶上首班火车。
In order to succeed, you must work hard.
为了成功，你必须努力。
She turned down the music in order not to disturb neighbors.
她调低音乐，以免打扰邻居。
so as to do sth 较正式，一般不位于句首。否定结构： so as not to do sth. 多用于避免负面情况。
e.g. She spoke quietly so as not to wake the baby.
她轻声说话，以免吵醒宝宝。
He checked the map so as to avoid getting lost.
他查看地图，以防迷路。
Rewrite the sentences with to, in order to and so as to.
1 People wear seat belts in cars. People want to stay safe on the road.
———————————————————————————
2 Sally arrived at the train station before 6:00 am. She needed to catch the earliest train.
———————————————————————————
3 I listened carefully in maths class. I hope to improve my grades.
———————————————————————————
People wear seat belts in cars to stay safe on the road.
Sally arrived at the train station before 6:00 am in order to catch the earliest train.
I listened carefully in maths class so as to improve my grades.
Compete the letter to Story Aunt using the notes in brackets and the target grammar you have learnt.
Dear Story Aunt,
1__________________________________ (I'm writing / share a touching story). 2_______________________________(yesterday, I left my flat / go to work). However, I found my favourite flowerpot broken.3______________________________________________
(I picked up the pieces / clean up the mess). Then I saw a note.
It was from a boy. He said he broke the flowerpot while playing basketball. 4______________________________(he wrote the note / say sorry to me). He also left his phone number with some money.
I’m writing to share a touching story
Yesterday, I left my flat to go to work
I picked up the pieces to clean up the mess
He wrote the note to say sorry to me
His honesty made me respect him. Telling the truth isn't always easy. However, he followed the rules in his heart.
I'm 5________________________________________(sharing my story / spread some happiness). In the story, we can see the kindness in small things.
Ms Yu, from Wenzhou
sharing my story to spread some happiness
Work in pairs. Share a story of following rules. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
Example Conversation
When did the story happen
Where did the story happen
What did you do
What have you learnt
Useful expressions-----------------------------------------------------
Last.., l...
Please...
I love doing... in order to...
People have to...
I tried to...
This rule is useful because...
From this experience, I have learnt that...
One morning last week, I was walking on the street near my home. A woman in a red dress was eating a banana. When she finished, she just threw the peel on the ground.
Then, a cleaner saw it. He stopped sweeping and looked at the peel, confused about why someone would do that.
I know we should keep public places clean. So I went to the woman and said, “Please don't litter. It makes the street dirty.” The woman
felt sorry and picked up the peel. I also helped pick up some other small trash on the ground.
We all must follow the “no littering” rule. It helps keep our streets tidy and nice. From this, I learnt that if everyone follows rules, our world will be a better place.

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