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Unit 6 When disaster strikes
Starting out & Understanding ideas
Learning Objectives
In this lesson, you will:
1. talk about natural disasters.
2. find out how Pliny the Younger survived the eruption of
Mount Vesuvius.
3. analyse the character of Pliny the Younger.
We often hear about natural disasters in the news. In this unit, let's explore natural disasters. What may happen in a natural disaster How do disaster warnings help How can people get back to their lives after disasters By the end of this unit, you will make a poster about a natural disaster.
[d zɑ st (r)] n. 灾害
灾害预警
回归正常生活
What can you see in the picture
firefighters
a big forest fire
I can see a forest fire. There are tall trees on fire, and thick smoke is rising.
Some firefighters are busy putting out the fire.
Do you know the stories in the pictures
Da Yu Governed the Flood
Hou Yi Shoots the Suns
Nvwa Repairs the Sky
Starting Out
Which natural disasters could they relate to
flood [fl d]
n. 洪水
drought [dra t]
n. 旱灾
flood, drought, fire, earthquake
[ θkwe k] n. 地震
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1. What kind of natural disasters
do you know
2. How has people's understanding
of natural disasters changed
1. What’s this natural disaster
It’s volcanic eruption.（火山喷发）
[v l k n k] [ 'r p ( )n]
2. What does the sky look like when the volcano（火山） erupts
The dark thick clouds covered the sky.
3. What else can you see
The hot magma（岩浆）erupted from the volcano and covered the whole mountain.
What harm could the volcanic eruption cause to human beings
It could cause fire and earthquake.
It could destory villages, cities, and farmland.
The ash and gases are harmful to human’s health.
Understanding ideas
Look at the two pictures and answer the questions. Use the words and expressions to help you.
In the first picture, the volcano erupted. The sky turned very dark. The dark clouds and smoke spread rapidly.
It seems to be an old ruined city.
1. What can you see in the pictures
2. How might people feel in the first picture
I think people were shocked by what happened. They might cry and shout on the street, and they might try to escape the city. They might lose all hope and be full of fear.
3.What do you think happened to the city in the second picture
I think the city was destroyed by a volcanic eruption like the one shown in the first picture. The violent eruption would have buried the city in ash, lava, and rocks, leaving it in the ruined state we see.
Read the record of Pliny the Younger and find out how he survived the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
[s va v] v. 幸存
Pliny the Younger
小普林尼
小普林尼是古罗马时期的一位作家、律师和政治家，以其书信集而闻名，这些书信提供了有关古罗马社会、文化和政治生活的珍贵资料。根据背景推断，本文应选自当时约17岁的小普林尼在经历了维苏威火山喷发事件后，写给历史学家塔西佗的两封信中的一封。
Background
Mount Vesuvius 维苏威火山位于意大利南部那不勒斯湾东海岸，是欧洲大陆唯一的活火山，被誉为“欧洲最危险的火山” 。维苏威火山最著名的一次喷发是公元79年的大喷发，其火山灰、火山砾迅速掩埋庞贝古城 ，城市瞬间被摧毁，约 1.6 万人死亡。
Pompeii 庞贝古城
庞贝古城位于意大利南部那不勒斯附近、维苏威火山西南脚下。公元79年 8 月 24 日，维苏威火山突然喷发，火山灰和火山砾迅速将其掩埋。约 90% 居民及时撤离，可城市仍被摧毁，在地下沉睡约 1600 年。如今，古城遗址完整保留街道、房屋、公共建筑、艺术品等众多遗迹，是研究古罗马社会生活、文化艺术、建筑风格、社会结构和文化习俗的重要窗口。
Pliny and his mother left their town when the earthquake started.
They tried to escape on a crowded road. A dark cloud covered the sky, and ash fell everywhere.
Pliny stayed with his mother and did not leave her. They walked through the smoke and ash.
After a scary night, the sun came back, and they were safe but covered in ash.
Choose the best summary of the passage.
a Pliny the Younger and his mother saw Mount Vesuvius
erupt and got away from it.
b Pliny the Younger had no thoughts of things to come
after the volcano erupted.
c People have lived near Mount Vesuvius for thousands
of years.
Complete the timeline with the words and expressions from the passage.
The earthquake
Pliny the Younger was sleeping when the ground _______ very hard. He and his mother decided to leave the town.
Getting away
They were at a place out of town. Just then, ________ things happened. Their coach moved from side to side. The sea moved back and there were many sea animals on the sand.
shook
shocking
The volcanic eruption
There was a dark cloud over Mount Vesuvius. It came down and covered the sea. Then the cloud spread over the land like a _______. The air was thick with ______ and ash began to fall.
People’s reactions
Women were calling, children were ______ and men were _______. They were trying to find their families.
smoke
crying
shouting
flood
The results
After a night of living between _______ and ______, they
had no thoughts of things to come.
hope
fear
How did Pliny the Younger and his mother feel during the disaster What sentences can show their emotions
1. Fear, scare and nervous
My mother was so scared. She didn't shut her eyes for even one second.
2. Helpless
Our coach couldn't go straight ahead.
The sea moved back suddenly, and many sea animals were left on the sand.
（直接描写）
（描写环境：失控的状态）
3. Determination（决心）
The air was thick with smoke and ash began to fall in heavy showers.
All around us, women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting. People were trying to find their families in the dark.
My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind.
（母子之间的牺牲与依赖）
4. Mixed emotions（复杂的心情）
After a night of living between hope and fear, we had no thoughts of things to come.
（劫后余生的喜悦以及仍未消散的恐慌与疲惫）
我已无力思考未来
Think and Share
1. What do you think of Pliny the Younger
I think he is very caring because he didn’t choose to run away and leave his mother behind.
I think he is brave and calm because he could remember every detail in the disaster and wrote them down.
2. What else do you know about the disaster in Pompeii
Language Points
1. It began to move from side to side.
from side to side意为“从一边到另一边”，在文中指“左右摇晃”。
E.g. His eyes moved from side to side, scanning the room.
Mark shook his head from side to side.
2. My mother asked me to continue without her, but
I refused to leave her behind.
(1) refuse to do意为“拒绝做”。
E.g. He refused to answer the question.
(2) leave sb / sth behind意为“把某人(物)留在某处”。
E.g. Did anyone leave a cup behind last night
They left the key behind.
3. The air was thick with smoke and ash began to fall
in heavy showers.
be thick with...意为“充满了……”，但根据语境的不同，可以有不同的理解。
E.g. The walls were thick with ivy.（墙上爬满了常春藤。）
The room was thick with tension.（房间里弥漫着紧张的
气氛。）

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