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技巧 写好句式
灵活多变的句式可以使文章增色不少，也会让阅卷老师眼前一亮。学生在平时的学习中要注意积累好句，并学着灵活使用，切忌生搬硬套。
简单句
简单句有以下五种基本句型：
1．主语＋谓语
本结构由“主语＋不及物动词”构成，不及物动词后不能有宾语，用来表示主语的动作。主语可以由定语来修饰，谓语也可以由状语来修饰。
例: Bathed in the sunshine, we jumped and cheered with joy.
沐浴在阳光下，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。
例: She was walking along the street when she heard someone calling her.
她正走在大街上，这时听到有人叫她。
2．主语＋谓语＋宾语
本结构由“主语＋及物动词＋宾语”构成，谓语动词是主语发出的动作，但是意思还不完整，后面需要跟宾语。充当宾语的有名词、代词、从句等。
In addition, I can explain the Chinese paintings in detail.此外，我可以详细介绍中国画。
例: I want to do some voluntary work for the exhibition.我想为展览做一些志愿者工作。
3．主语＋谓语＋双宾语
本结构由“主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”构成。如果把直接宾语放在间接宾语前，需要借助介词to或for。需要借助介词to的动词有：give、lend、hand、offer、pass、send、show、teach等。需要借助介词for的动词有buy、cook、get、make等。
例: You'd better tell me which Chinese culture you Westerners prefer.
你最好告诉我你们西方人更喜欢哪种中国文化。
例: After learning about my difficulty in creating a personal website, you gave me some guidance.
在了解了我在创建个人网站上的困难之后，你给了我一些指导。
4．主语＋系动词＋表语
本结构主要用来说明主语的特征、状态、类别和身份等。系动词可以分为以下几类：①表示特征和存在状态的：appear、feel、look、seem、be、smell、sound、taste等。②表示状态延续的：remain、stay、keep等。③表示状态变化的：become、get、go、turn、grow等。
例 The route was from the school gate to the foot of the South Mountain.
比赛路线是从我们学校门口出发，一直到南山脚下。
例: When I feel depressed, I often choose the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories.当我感到沮丧的时候，我经常选择小说中包括很多富有想象力的故事的部分。
5．主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语
本结构中的宾语后面需要有成分对其进行补充说明，这就是宾语补足语。可以作宾补的有：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
例: What's more, we can also call on more people to protect the ocean.
此外，我们也可以号召更多的人去保护海洋。
例: We found the film directed by him impressive and fantastic.
我们觉得他导演的这部电影令人印象深刻，很精彩。
并列句的基本结构是：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。并列句中的分句根据逻辑关系可分为以下几种：
1．表并列或递进。常用的连词有and和not only．．．but also... （不但······而且······）。
Not only should you share your study experience with them, but (also) you must keep your heart open to them.
你不但要和他们分享你的学习经验，而且一定要向他们敞开心扉。
例：Since then，maths has become one of my favorite subjects, and I have also made rapid progress in maths.从那时起，数学就成了我最喜爱的学科之一，而且我在数学上进步也很快。
2．表选择。常用的连词有：either…or…（或者……或者……）；not...but...（不是……而是……）；
or（或者）；or／otherwise（否则）。
例 If you are interested in the job， you can apply either online or in letter.
如果你对这份工作感兴趣，你可以上网申请或者写信申请。
例 It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.对我们的工作最有益的，不是我们做了多少，而是我们投入了多少热爱。
3．表转折。常用的连词是but和yet。
例The race was challenging, yet everyone enjoyed it very much.
虽然这次赛跑很有挑战性，但是我们大家都很喜欢。
例 Shocked， I took a step back， but he comforted me，saying,“Everything is going to be alright."我很震惊，后退了一步，但是他安慰我说：“一切都会好起来的。”
4．表原因。常用的连词是for。
例He will recover soon, for he is young.
他很快就会恢复，因为他年轻。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。
三.名词性从句
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1．主语从句常用句型
(1) It is +adj./n.+ that...
例 However， it is important that we never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.
然而，重要的是，我们从来没有丧失过继续努力的热情。
(2) What impresses/excites/disappoints me most is (that)...
最令我印象深刻／兴奋／失望的是……
例What impresses me most is that our teacher always creates a kind of atmosphere where we can voice our opinions freely.
给我印象最深的是，我们老师总是营造一种我们可以自由交流的氛围。
(3) What I want to tell you is that……我想告诉你的是……
例 What I want to tell you is that your works are popular among us students.
我想告诉你的是你的作品在我们学生当中很受欢迎。
2．表语从句常用句型（that在表语从句中不做成分，一般不能省略）
(1)The reason why……is that…… 的原因是……
例 The reason why I’m fit for the job is that I have a good command of English and have a lot of teaching experience.
我胜任这项工作的原因是我精通英语并且拥有丰富的教学经验。
(2)That／This is why／because……那／这就是为什么／因为……
例 As we all know，reading classics is of great importance. This is because it can not only improve our writing skills but also enrich our everyday life.
众所周知，阅读名著对我们来说非常重要。这是因为它不仅能提高我们的写作技巧而且能丰富我们的日常生活。
(3) The problem with……is that……的问题是……
例 The problem with us is that we must find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
我们的问题是，我们必须找到一个适当的方法来使我们的学习更有效。
(4) It looks/seems/appears that...
似乎／好像……
It seems that Chinese Spring Festival is becoming a global celebration.
中国春节似乎正在变成一个全球性的庆祝活动。
3．宾语从句常用句型
(1) I suggest/advise that you should...
我建议，你应该……
例I suggest that you should take exercise every morning.
我建议你应该每天早上锻炼身体。
(2) Please keep in mind that...=Please remember that...请记住……
例Please keep in mind that a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
请记住：千里之行，始于足下。
(3)I became aware that．．．我意识到……
例 I gradually became aware that every coin has two sides.我逐渐意识到事物都有两面性。
(4)I’m firmly convinced that……我坚信……
例 I’m firmly convinced that this event will definitely become a hit with our joint efforts.
我坚信，在我们的共同努力下，这个活动一定会取得巨大的成功。
(5)if／whether引导的宾语从句
例 He paced up and down the room，wondering whether he should go to the party.
在屋里来回踱着步子，他想知道是否应该去参加派对。
(6)由连接代词／副词引导的宾语从句
例 They discussed when they should set off for the square and how to get in touch with the coach.他们讨论了什么时候出发去广场以及如何联系上教练。
4．同位语从句常用句型（前后互相解释，地位平等）
(1)I hold the firm belief that……我坚信……
例We hold the firm belief that the visitors will know more about traditional Chinese culture and at the same time enjoy the beauty of it.
我们坚信游客会了解更多的中国传统文化，与此同时享受中国传统文化的美。
(2)No one can deny the fact that．．．谁也不可否认的事实是……
例 No one can deny the fact that so many fantastic characters have been created by ancient Chinese novelists.
毋庸置疑，中国古代的小说家创造了许多了不起的人物。
(3)There is no doubt that．．．毫无疑问……
例 There’s no doubt that it has been highly thought of by al the judges.
毫无疑问，它被所有的裁判高度评价。
(4)There is a possibility that．．．很可能……
例 There is a possibility that I will go to MIT for a year as an exchange student.
很有可能我要去麻省理工学院作为期一年的交换生。
(5) Despite the fact that...=In spite of the fact that...尽管······
例 Despite the fact that we were exhausted，we didn’t give up.
尽管我们筋疲力尽，但是我们并没有放弃。
四.状语从句
状语从句分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句和原因状语从句等。
常用的从句如下：
1．时间状语从句
引导词：when、as、while、as soon as、before、after、since、until、the minute、the moment、the second、every time、the day、the instant、immediately、directly、till、no sooner...than、hardly...when、scarcely...when等。
例When I was at a loss and on the point of giving up, my head teacher, Mrs. Liu, asked me to go to her office.当我感到迷茫想要放弃时，我的校长刘老师让我去她的办公室。
例The moment (that) the teacher came in, the students immediately stopped talking.
老师一进来，学生们立即停止了谈话。
2．地点状语从句
引导词：where、wherever、anywhere、everywhere。
例 If you are travelling where the customs are totally different from your own, you may feel a cultural shock.
如果你在一个风俗与你当地完全不同的地方旅游，你可能会感受到文化冲击。
例 As an old saying goes，＂Where there is a will，there is a way."
有句老话说得好，“有志者，事竟成。”
3．目的状语从句
引导词：so that、in order that、in case（以防）、for fear that（唯恐）等。
In the afternoon, you can attend optional courses, so that you can get a deeper insight into our recent aerospace achievements.
下午你可以上选修课，这样你就可以对我们最近的航空航天成就有更深入的认识。
例Then he threw a thick rope in order that I could grasp it and walk straight toward him.
然后，他扔给我一根粗绳子，以便我可以抓住它并直直地走向他。
4．原因状语从句
引导词：because、since、as、for、seeing that、now that、in that、considering that等。
例The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide a chance for us to exercise, but also made us more cohesive.
此次活动得到了高度评价，因为它不仅给我们提供了一次锻炼的机会，同时也让我们更加有凝聚力。
例We should not be too strict with the boy, considering that he is only six years old.
考虑到这个男孩只有六岁，我们不应该对他太严格。
5．结果状语从句 位于句首时，主句用部分倒装引导词：so...that、such...that等。
例You are so kind and considerate that we hope to be friends with you no matter where you are.
你们如此善良、体贴，无论你们在哪，我们都希望成为你们的朋友。
例 It was so inconvenient that he decided to take them away.
这太不方便了，以至于他决定把它们搬走。
6．条件状语从句
引导词：if、unless、only if、on condition that、as long as等。
例He told me that as long as people have a firm belief and never give up, they can reach the goal.
他告诉我只要人们有坚定的信念，绝不放弃，他们就会实现目标。
例 If you’re interested in the Chinese folk art， please give me a call.
如果你对中国民间艺术感兴趣，请给我打电话。
7．让步状语从句
引导词：though、although、even if／though、while、wh-疑问词 ＋ever、whether...or（not）...、no matter wh-疑问词、as。
例All the students, whether their academic performance is good or not, are all preparing themselves for the coming exams.
所有的学生，不管他们的学习成绩是好是坏，都在为即将到来的考试做准备。
例 The moral of it is to remind people not to give up easily, no matter what difficulty they meet.
它的寓意是要提醒人们：无论遇到什么困难，都不要轻言放弃。
五.定语从句
定语从句是学生常用的高级句式之一，定语从句常用的关系词如下：
1．关系代词that、which、who、whom、whose或as 引导的定语从句。
例 Last weekend， our whole class participated in a picking activity, which turned out to be fruitful and meaningful.
上周末，我们全班参加了一次采摘活动，这次活动是富有成效且有意义的。
例More and more people in the world, as we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control.
正如我们所见，世界上越来越多的人已经意识到污染控制的重要性。
2．关系副词where、why和when引导的定语从句。
例 The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her mom.
这张图片向我们展示了一个感人的时刻——一个小女孩过来迎接她的妈妈。
例 I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.
我认为你总是生气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。
3．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人用whom，指物用which。
Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life.
搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面。
例In our class there are 63 students, of whom ten come from the countryside.
我们班有63名学生，其中有十名来自农村。

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