资源简介 / 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科Unit 2 Amazing numbers单元小结知识目录学习目标:本单元学习关于数字的故事。明白数字在日常生活中的重要意义,初步了解数字的发展过程,学会阅读关于数据方面的文章。语法目标:学习基数词和序数词用法。听说目标:能听懂关于数字方面小短文。写作目标:能够根据图表,数据写出报告。目录知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式要点1 重点短语 练习要点2 重点句式 练习【精讲精练】要点1 challenge的用法 练习要点2 promise的用法 练习要点3 check的用法 练习要点4 rest/the rest of的用法 练习要点5 instead & instead of的用法 练习要点6 realize的用法 练习要点7 and so on的用法 练习要点8 reply的用法 练习要点9 hesitation的用法 练习要点10 double的用法 练习要点11 amount的用法 练习要点12 stand for的用法 练习要点13 count的用法 练习要点14 write down的用法 练习要点15.symbol的用法 练习要点16 represent的用法 练习要点17 wonder的用法 练习要点18 thousands of的用法 练习知识要点二、语法要点1 基数词和序数词 12知识要点三、书面表达要点1 话题分析 15要点2 词汇短语积累 16要点3句式积累 17要点4实战演练 19知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式。【重点短语】1.challenged …to …. 向…… 挑战(某事 / 做某事)2.thought for a moment 思考了一会儿3.would like 想要;愿意4.the rest of 剩余的……;其余的……5.without hesitation 毫不犹豫地6.there will be 将有;会有(用于一般将来时)7.think about 考虑;思考8.for a long time 很长时间;许久9.and so on 等等;诸如此类10.followed one’s advice 听从某人的建议;采纳某人的意见11.instead of 代替;而不是12.make a budget 制定预算;做预算13.plan a journey 计划一次旅行14.go up(down) 上升(下降);上涨(下跌)15.During the second half of the 1800s 在 19 世纪下半叶期间16.develop different counting methods 开发不同的计数方法;发展不同的计算方式17.write down 写下;记下18.all year round 全年;一整年【重点句式】1.One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game.有一天,以为充满智慧的老者来到宫殿,国王向他挑战一次比赛。2.The king promised the old man, “You can have any prize if you win the game.”国王向老人承诺道:“若赢得比赛,你可以获得任何奖品。”3.I'd like you to double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.我希望你把剩下的每个方格的数量加倍。”4.The King quickly realized the problem — even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares!国王很快就意识到了问题——即使用全国所有的大米来放满棋盘也远远不够!5.“I can teach you how to make more money if you promise to follow my advice,”如果你承诺采纳我的建议,我可以教你如何去赚更多的钱。6.The young man agreed without hesitation年轻人毫不犹豫地同意了7. The young man followed his advice and worked hard all year round.这个年轻人听从了他的建议,一年四季都在努力工作,随着时间的推移,他变得非常富有。8.People use numbers to do a lot of things, like planning a journey for example人们用数字做很多事情,比如计划旅行9.The graph shows that the population in the world rose very slowly before the year 1800.图表显示,1800年之前,世界人口增长非常缓慢10. Instead of using tally sticks, people began using different abstract symbols to represent different numbers.人们开始使用不同的抽象符号来表示不同的数字,而不是使用计数棒。【精讲精练】要点1 challengechallenge v. 向……挑战。challenge somebody to something / to do something 向某人挑战。如:After school she challenged me to a swimming race.放学后她向我挑战,比赛游泳。I challenge myself to learn something new.我挑战自我,学习新事物。challenge还可以作名词,意思是“挑战”。如:Climbing to the top of the mountain is a big challenge to veryon.登上这座山的山顶对每个人来说都是巨大挑战。【典例分析】1.The young man ______ his friend to a chess game, showing great confidence.A. invited B. suggested C. challenged D. advised2.He c______ his classmates to a debate competition last week. (根据首字母写出单词题)3.She often ______ (challenge) herself to try new sports.4.根据汉语用短语完成句子题她总是挑战自己去突破极限。She always ______ herself ______ break through the limits.要点 2:promisepromise用作动词时,意思是“许诺”用作名词,意思是“诺言, 希望, 约定”常用短语: promise sb. sth 承诺给某人某物 promise that +从句 承诺 ......promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 make a promise(to do) 许下承诺,保证The King promised the old man a golden ring. 国王许诺给老人一个金戒指。Promise me you will not waste your time. 答应我,不要浪费自己的时间。If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果做出了承诺,就应该遵守。【典例分析】1.我爸爸承诺买一部新自行车给我作为生日礼物。My father _________ _________ _________ me a new bike as a birthday present.2.当我们向别人许下诺言时,我们就应该去遵守它。When we_________ __________ __________ to others, we should keep it.3. Jessica promised an article on detective for our school newspaper.A、writing B、to write C、wrote D、not writing4.— I don’t think Jimmy will come on such a rainy day.— Oh, no, but he ______!A. promised B. imagined C. produced D. appeared要点3 checkcheck及物动词,意为“检查;核实”。Our teachers check our homework every day.我们的老师们每天给我们检查作业。Please check the answers.请核实答案。拓展:check 的相关短语:Check in登记;检票 check out办请手续后离开 check up检查【典例分析】1.Please c______ the information carefully before you hand in the form.2.Before you hand in your test paper, you should ______ your answers carefully.A. look B. see C. watch D. check要点 4. restrest 用作名词时,意为“剩余”;用作动词时,意为“休息”用作名词时,意为“休息”常用短语:the rest of 剩余的...... have a rest 休息一下And the rest of you will be spared. 我会饶了你们其余的人。I have free time to rest. 我有空闲时间来休息。We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息了一下。【典例分析】1.你完成了大部分工作,剩下的由我来做。You have finished most of the work, and I will do ______ ______ ______ it.2.我们已经走了两个小时了,让我们休息一下吧。We have walked for two hours. Let's ______ ______ ______.3.The rest of the students ____ in the classroom.A. is studying B. are studying C. be studying D. is studied4. After a long walk, we sat down under the tree to ______.A. rest B. run C. work D. study要点5:insteadinstead & instead ofinstead 作为副词,意为“代替;而不是”,既可用于句首、也可以用于句中或句末。当instead位于句首起连接作用时,其前后一般用句号、逗号等标点隔开。 The professor didn’t answer my question. Instead, he asked me a question. 教授没有回答我的问题,相反,他问了我一个问题。instead of 作为介词短语,意为“而不是”,其后常接名词、代词或动名词等。 Let’s go out for a walk instead of watching TV at home all day long. 让我们出去散步,而不是整日待在家里看电视吧。【典例分析】1.昨晚他待在家里,而没有去看电影He stayed at home_________ ________ ________ to the cinema last night.2.她没有玩电脑游戏,而是为考试而学习。She didn’t play computer games. She studied for the test __________.3.He didn't answer my question. Instead,he asked me a question.(同义改写)=He asked me a question_________ ________ ___________my question.4. What a nice day!We should go sightseeing ________ watching TV in the hotel.A.because of B.instead of C.together with D.instead5.Miss White doesn't like buying nice clothes. She likes collecting storybooks________.A.instead B.either C.too D.instead of要点6 realize(1) realize作为及物动词,意为“认识到,了解”。He didn’t realize his mistake until his mother told him.直到妈妈告诉他,他才认识到自己的错误。I didn’t realize how late it was. 我没有意识到天已经那么晚了。(2) realize还可以表示“实现;完成”的意思。The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress.那个女孩当演员的梦想终于实现了。【拓展】realize与recognize这两个词都有“认识,识别”的意思,但在具体用法上又有所差别。(1)recognize也可以用作及物动词,表示“认出, 辨认”的意思。I recognized his voice. 我辨认出了他的声音。I recognized her as my friend’s daughter. 我认出了她是我朋友的女儿。(2)recognize还可以表示“清楚知道;认定”的意思。I recognized him to be cleverer than I am. 我认识到他比我聪明。【典例分析】1. It was too dark that night, so I could hardly ________ the traffic signs on the road.A. require B. refuse C. realize D. recognize2. Now, more and more people begin to _________ the importance of keeping healthy.A. realize B. control C. encourage D. invent3. —It took Ms. Zhang many years to help her students to ________ their college dreams.—That’s true.A. realize B. describe C. admire D. master4. —Some Chinese government officers have turned into live streamers(网络主播).—Yes. They’re trying their best to help local farmers to ________ sales(销售).A. receive B. improve C. return D. realize要点 7:and so onand so on ……等等。通常置于句末。如:She is interested in music, movies, books, and so on.她对音乐、电影、书籍等都感兴趣。We plan to learn Unit 1 on the first week of the month, Unit 2 on the second week, and so on.我们计划在月初第一周学习第一单元,第二周学习第二单元,以此类推。【典例分析】1.超市里面有很多水果,苹果、梨、香蕉等等。There are many fruit in the supermarket, apples, pears, bananas _______ _______ _______2. ——What did you have ______ lunch yesterday?——Many things like fish, chicken,carrots,tomatoes ______.A./; and so B./; and so on C.for; and so D.for; and so on要点 8. reply1. 动词:回答;回复reply to sb./sth.对某人 / 某事作出回应She replied to my question quickly.她很快回答了我的问题。注意:reply 是不及物动词,后需接介词 to,不能直接跟宾语(对比:answer 是及物动词,可直接接宾语)。2.名词:回答;答复make a reply(作出回答)/in reply 作为回应I’m still waiting for his reply. 我还在等他的答复。易混辨析(初中考点) reply 与answer辨异区别 reply answer词性 不及物动词(需接 to)/ 名词 及物动词 / 名词用法 侧重 “正式回应” 侧重 “直接回答问题”例句 He replied to my letter. She answered the phone.【典例分析】1.—Can you ______ my question —Sorry, I can't. But I will try to find the answer.A. reply B. reply to C. answer D. answer to2.She didn't ______ my email until three days later.A. reply B. reply to C. answer D. make a reply3.He didn't r______ to my invitation, so I don't know if he will come.4.I'm looking forward to his r______ to my letter.要点91. hesitation名词,表示 “犹豫;迟疑”2.without hesitation毫不犹豫地She helped the old man cross the road without hesitation.她毫不犹豫地帮助老人过马路。have no hesitation (in) doing sth.毫不犹豫做某事I have no hesitation in recommending this book.我毫不犹豫地推荐这本书。show hesitation表现出犹豫Don’t show any hesitation when facing challenges.面对挑战时不要表现出任何犹豫。3.词形拓展(初中需掌握)动词:hesitate犹豫Don’t hesitate to ask for help.别犹豫,去寻求帮助。【典例分析】1.Don't h______ to tell me if you need any help.2.He had no ______ (hesitate) in speaking out the truth.3.面对困难,他毫不犹豫地选择了坚持。Facing difficulties, he chose to persevere ______ ______.要点 10double v.(使)加倍。如:The members of the music club double those of the art club.音乐社团的成员数量是美术社团的两倍。double还常作形容词,意思是“两倍的;加倍的”。如:This building is double the height of the library.这座建筑是图书馆的两倍高。【典例分析】1.The population of this city has d______ in the last ten years.2.He earns a d______ salary because he works extra hard.3.If you want to ______ your savings, you should invest wisely.A. double B. doubt C. trouble D. couble要点11amount n. 数量;数额。常用于an amount of, a large / small amount of等短语中,修饰不可数名词。如:Music gives an amount of pleasure to people.音乐带给人们许多愉悦。He spends a large amount of money learning to play the piano every year. 他每年花费大量金钱学钢琴。比较:a number of 许多;一些。修饰复数形式的可数名词。如:a large number of students 很多学生【典例分析】1.______ water is wasted every day, and we should save it.A. A number of B. A large amount of C. The number of D. The amount of2. He has spent a huge a______ of time on this project.要点 12stand for 表示 “代表;象征”A stand(s) for B(A 代表 / 象征 B)。In math, "x" often stands for an unknown number.在数学中,“x” 通常代表一个未知数。The flag stands for the country’s history and culture.这面旗帜象征着国家的历史和文化。【典例分析】1.What does "WTO" ______ in English A. stand by B. stand for C. stand up D. stand out要点131.计数;计算数量She counted the coins in her pocket—there were 15 in total.她数了口袋里的硬币 —— 总共 15 枚。2. 重要;有价值In exams, every point counts.考试中每一分都很重要。同根词(形容词)Countable 可数的 uncountable 不可数的 countless 无数的;数不清的常见短语count down:倒计时We counted down the days until summer vacation. 我们倒计时直到暑假。count on:依靠;指望(初一已学)You can count on me to help you.【典例分析】1.Don't forget to ______ the apples before you give them to the children.A. count B. calculate C. consider D. control2.The stars in the sky seem ______, but scientists can estimate their number.A. countless B. countable C. uncountable D. counted3.Let's c______ down the days until the New Year!4.There are ______ (count) books in the library, so you can choose whatever you like.5.We should learn to tell the difference between ______ (count) nouns and uncountable nouns.6.你可以指望我准时到达。You can ______ ______ me to arrive on time.要点 14write down 写下;记下若接代词(如 it/them),需放在 write 和 down 之间(write it down)。接名词:Please write down your name and phone number on the paper.请在纸上写下你的名字和电话号码。接代词:The teacher said something important. I need to write it down.老师说了些重要的话,我得把它记下来。【典例分析】1.Please ______ your name and phone number on this piece of paper.A. write down B. turn down C. take down D. put down2. 老师让我们 ______ 重要的知识点。The teacher asked us to ______ ______ the important points.要点15symbol 象征;符号。后常接 of sth.,表示 “…… 的象征”。The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。The dragon is an important symbol in Chinese culture.龙是中国文化中的重要象征。Gold has long been a symbol of wealth.黄金长期以来是财富的象征。【典例分析】1.The national flag is a ______ of our country. It represents our pride and unity.A. sign B. symbol C. signal D. mark2.The olive branch is widely known as a ______ of peace around the world.A. picture B. symbol C. photo D. painting3.In many cultures, the rose is a s______ of love.4.在中国,红色通常被视为好运的象征。In China, red is usually regarded as ______ ______ ______ good luck.要点 16represent 代表;象征,描绘;表现She represents our class in the debate competition. 她代表我们班参加辩论赛。The logo represents the company’s core values.这个标志象征着公司的核心价值观。The painting represents a peaceful countryside scene.这幅画描绘了宁静的乡村景象。represent 与 stand for 的核心区别维度 represent stand for词性 及物动词(需接宾语) 动词短语(不及物,后接宾语时无需介词)核心含义 1. 具体代表(如人、组织、概念)2. 象征、描绘 1. 表示符号、缩写的含义2. 代表抽象概念用法侧重 强调 “作为代表履行职责” 或 “用形象表现意义” 侧重 “符号 / 缩写所指代的内容” 或 “抽象象征”例句对比 He represents the company in Europe.他在欧洲代表公司。 “UN” stands for the United Nations. “UN” 代表联合国。是否可用于人 可以(如代表团队、国家) 通常不用于人(更侧重符号 / 概念)【典例分析】1. Our monitor will ______ us to attend the school meeting.A. represent B. replace C. remember D. remind2.This famous artwork ______ a busy street in old Beijing.A. represents B. discovers C. creates D. invents3.The statue r______ the great hero who saved the city.要点17 wonderwonder v. 想知道;想弄明白【例句】I wonder if you can attend the meeting tonight. 我想知道你是否可以参加今晚的会议。【拓展】(1)wonderful adj. 精彩的Welcome to the wonderful world of Disneyland! 欢迎来到精彩的迪士尼世界!(2)wonderfully adv. 精彩地Listen! How wonderfully the girls are singing! 听!女孩们唱得多么精彩啊!(3)no wonder=It’s no wonder that 怪不得No wonder he jumped out of the car.=It’s no wonder that he jumped out of the car. 怪不得他当时跳车了。【典例分析】I ______ where Tom has gone. He was here just now.A. know B. wonder C. believe D. understand2. I w______ if you can help me with this math problem.3.The children performed ______ (wonder) at the talent show.4.It’s a ______ (wonder) opportunity for us to learn from experts.5.我想知道明天是否会下雨。I ______ ______ it will rain tomorrow.要点 18thousands of 好几千;成千上万thousands of,意为“好几千,成千上万”。thousand意为“一千”,用来表示不确定的数目时,thousand应变为复数,且在后面加of。拓展:与thousand用法类似的词Hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百万)等表示概数时,本身要用复数形式,后接“of+可数名词复数”,即“hundreds/thousands/millions +of+名词复数”,意为“数以百/千/百万计的……”。若这些数量词前有基数词,则直接用hundred /thousand/million等,不用复数形式,也不加of。It cost me two hundred dollars.它花了我200美元The restaurant receives hundreds of customers every day.这家饭店每天接待数以百计的顾客【典例分析】1.每年人们会在山上种植成千上万棵树来保护环境。Every year trees are planted on the hills to protect the environment.2. It is reported that nearly _________ foreign kids joined a British boarding school last year,and a third of them came from China.A. nine thousand B. nine thousands C. nine thousand of D. nine thousands of3. birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands4. It is reported that there are over ______ koalas dying in the disastrous wild fire broke out recently in Australia.A. thousands of B. 8 thousands C. 8 thousands of D. 8 thousand知识要点二、语法数词一、定义与分类数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等;表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词,如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词,在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。二、基数词1. hundred(百), thousand(千), million(百万), billion(十亿)About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。There are in our school.A. six hundred B. six hundred of (×) C. six hundreds (×)D. six hundreds of (×) E. hundred (×) F. hundreds (×)G. hundreds of (Tips: S, of 总相随,数字S冤家一队. )2. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如:He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。one two three four five six seven eight ninefirst second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth nintheleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteeneleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenthtwenty thirty hundred thousand milliontwentieth thirtieth hundredth thousandth millionth三、序数词 ( hundred—hundredth thousand—thousandth million--millionth)基数词表示几个,后接名词复数,而序数词表示第几个(即一个),后接可数名词的单数。如:six friends(六个朋友) the sixth friend(第六个朋友)序数词前通常要用定冠词,但表示考试或比赛等的名次时,通常可省略其前的定冠词。如:My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼,他的房间在四楼。He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。注:有时序数词前不用定冠词,而用不定冠词,表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如:We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。四、分数、倍数、小数和百分数1. 分数。分数由基数词和序数词构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子超过“1”时,分母用复数。 如:two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5注:1/2 通常读作 a [one] half,一般不读作a second;1/4 可读作 a [one] fourth,也可读作 a [one] quarter。2. 倍数。英语中表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词。如:They’re twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子大约有我们房子三倍大。3. 百分数。百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成,百分号(%)读作 percent。如:thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60%4、小数。 小数点前的数按总数念,同其它基数词读法一样,小数点用point,小数点后面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。如: 9.65读作nine point six five。218.39读作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。五、表示日期1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 读作the second of May, sixteen hundred六、表示钟点半小时用half,一刻钟用a quarter,半小时以内用past,超过半小时用to。08:00 eight o’clock或eight 09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine02:30 two thirty或half past/after two 05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six七、表示约数1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。如:The boy bought dozens of pencils.那个男孩买了几十支铅笔。Thousands of people died in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等来表示小于或接近某数目。如: nearly two hours将近两个小时。3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等来表示超过或多于某个数目。如: more than 100 years一百多年。4. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一数目左右。如: about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔,a month or so大约一个月。5. 用to, from…to…, between…and表示介于两数词。如:His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month.他的工资从每月100美元升到了每月120美元。【典例分析】一、用下列词的适当形式填空。1.Even a child knows September is the month of a year.(nine)2.We Chinese will celebrate the (ninety) birthday of the Chinese Communist Party in many ways.3.The (two)Sunday in May is Mother’s Day.4.My family live on the (five)floor of the tall building.5.My uncle lives on the (twelve)floor of the building.6.I’ve bought a present for my father’s_________(forty)birthday.7.Climb up to the (thirty-two) floor, and you can enjoy a better view.8.I always brush my teeth (two) a day.9.There are fifty students in our class, and two- (three) of them are girls.10.Tom died in his (sixty)知识要点三、书面表达【话题分析】数据图表类作文 本单元我们阅读关于数据在我们生活中起重要作用的文章,写作范文是一篇图表作文。介绍世界人口,图表类书面表达常以数据统计类和比较类两种形式进行考查。图表数据作文不仅是英语写作的一种形式,更是训练学生们“处理信息、分析问题” 的综合能力。它以 “数据” 为桥梁,要求通过观察图表,将数据、文字内容及图表所包含的有效信息进行分析,将它们准确地转化为表意的说明文字,从而得出令人信服的结论。由于图表直观、实用,同时能更好地考查观察能力、分析问题及语言驾驭能力,所以能帮助学习者在精准表达中构建理性思考的习惯。是中考常考的一种考向。这类作文要注意以下事项:一、文章开篇要点明图表主题、对象、时间及方式,快速引出数据内容。二、文章中间段时数据描述与分析(核心部分)。分点呈现数据,对比差异,突出主要趋势或现象。三、文章结尾观点总结与延伸。基于数据发表看法,提出建议、原因或影响,升华主题。写作注意事项(1)时态与语态:调查背景用过去时;数据描述可用一般现在时(客观结果);观点分析用一般现在时。(2)数据表达多样化:避免重复使用 “percent”,如:“40%” 可表述为 “nearly half” “four out of ten” “approximately 40 per cent”。(3)逻辑连贯:用连接词区分数据层次(如 Firstly... Secondly... Finally...);对比数据时用 “while /by comparison”(4)避免主观臆断。(5)语言简洁准确。【短语积累】1.在19世纪下半叶___________________2.保持不变___________________3.快上去___________________4.等等___________________5.其余___________________6.毫不犹豫地___________________7.低于50%___________________8.制定月度预算 ___________________9.一粒稻米___________________10.代表___________________11.这个图表展示___________________12. 30%的学生___________________13. 学生的数量上升至10%…___________________14. 表示由表格可知…___________________【句式积累】1.这个图表展示世界人口的变化2. 30%的学生喜欢参加这个节目。3. 这个学校的学生的数量上升了10%4. 由表格可知世界人口在21世纪中叶上升非常快。5.在1950 - 2000 年间,世界人口翻了一倍多。6.他在第一个方格放一粒米,第二个放两粒,以此类推。7. 很久以前,人们开始使用数字。(a long time ago)8.在八月份的时候,交通事故数量上升至234起,在九月份又降 至220起。9.数字在我们生活中起重要作用,他们无处不在。10.人们用数字做很多事情,比如计划一次旅行,做预算。【实战演练】假设你们班(总数50人)上周进行了一项有关做家务情况的调查,请根据下面表格中的调查数据,以“Doing housework”为题,用英语写一篇短文。要点:提示词:责任responsibility 生活技能living skill要求:1. 80个词左右。2. 必须包括以上全部要点,可以适当发挥;3.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名;4.条理清楚,语句通顺,意义连贯,书写规范。Doing housework Last week, our class made a survey on doing housework among ourselves.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________随着社会的进步,手机使用越来越广泛。最近,你班就使用智能手机的情况展开了一次调查(全班50人),调查结果如下图。请你结合调查数据,以“Smartphone, Tool or Toy ”为题,写一篇发言稿在班会课上进行汇报。内容:1. 描述调查内容,可适当增加细节;2. 你对使用手机的看法(至少两条);3. 合理使用手机的建议(至少两条)。要求:1.80 词左右(给出部分不计入总词数);2. 要点齐全,可适当发挥;3. 条理清晰,语句通顺连贯,书写规范;4. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。参考词汇:刷抖音 brush Tiktok 看短视频 watch short videos 影响 influenceDear classmates,Today, I’d like to talk about an important topic: “Smartphone, Tool or Toy ” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanks a lot for your listening!2 / 2/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科Unit 2 Amazing numbers单元小结知识目录学习目标:本单元学习关于数字的故事。明白数字在日常生活中的重要意义,初步了解数字的发展过程,学会阅读关于数据方面的文章。语法目标:学习基数词和序数词用法。听说目标:能听懂关于数字方面小短文。写作目标:能够根据图表,数据写出报告。目录知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式要点1 重点短语 练习要点2 重点句式 练习【精讲精练】要点1 challenge的用法 练习要点2 promise的用法 练习要点3 check的用法 练习要点4 rest/the rest of的用法 练习要点5 instead & instead of的用法 练习要点6 realize的用法 练习要点7 and so on的用法 练习要点8 reply的用法 练习要点9 hesitation的用法 练习要点10 double的用法 练习要点11 amount的用法 练习要点12 stand for的用法 练习要点13 count的用法 练习要点14 write down的用法 练习要点15.symbol的用法 练习要点16 represent的用法 练习要点17 wonder的用法 练习要点18 thousands of的用法 练习知识要点二、语法要点1 基数词和序数词 19知识要点三、书面表达要点1 话题分析 20要点2 词汇短语积累 22要点3句式积累 24要点4实战演练 25知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式。【重点短语】1.challenged …to …. 向…… 挑战(某事 / 做某事)2.thought for a moment 思考了一会儿3.would like 想要;愿意4.the rest of 剩余的……;其余的……5.without hesitation 毫不犹豫地6.there will be 将有;会有(用于一般将来时)7.think about 考虑;思考8.for a long time 很长时间;许久9.and so on 等等;诸如此类10.followed one’s advice 听从某人的建议;采纳某人的意见11.instead of 代替;而不是12.make a budget 制定预算;做预算13.plan a journey 计划一次旅行14.go up(down) 上升(下降);上涨(下跌)15.During the second half of the 1800s 在 19 世纪下半叶期间16.develop different counting methods 开发不同的计数方法;发展不同的计算方式17.write down 写下;记下18.all year round 全年;一整年【重点句式】1.One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game.有一天,以为充满智慧的老者来到宫殿,国王向他挑战一次比赛。2.The king promised the old man, “You can have any prize if you win the game.”国王向老人承诺道:“若赢得比赛,你可以获得任何奖品。”3.I'd like you to double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.我希望你把剩下的每个方格的数量加倍。”4.The King quickly realized the problem — even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares!国王很快就意识到了问题——即使用全国所有的大米来放满棋盘也远远不够!5.“I can teach you how to make more money if you promise to follow my advice,”如果你承诺采纳我的建议,我可以教你如何去赚更多的钱。6.The young man agreed without hesitation年轻人毫不犹豫地同意了7. The young man followed his advice and worked hard all year round.这个年轻人听从了他的建议,一年四季都在努力工作,随着时间的推移,他变得非常富有。8.People use numbers to do a lot of things, like planning a journey for example人们用数字做很多事情,比如计划旅行9.The graph shows that the population in the world rose very slowly before the year 1800.图表显示,1800年之前,世界人口增长非常缓慢10. Instead of using tally sticks, people began using different abstract symbols to represent different numbers.人们开始使用不同的抽象符号来表示不同的数字,而不是使用计数棒。【精讲精练】要点1 challengechallenge v. 向……挑战。challenge somebody to something / to do something 向某人挑战。如:After school she challenged me to a swimming race.放学后她向我挑战,比赛游泳。I challenge myself to learn something new.我挑战自我,学习新事物。challenge还可以作名词,意思是“挑战”。如:Climbing to the top of the mountain is a big challenge to veryon.登上这座山的山顶对每个人来说都是巨大挑战。【典例分析】1.The young man ______ his friend to a chess game, showing great confidence.A. invited B. suggested C. challenged D. advised【答案】C【解析】“invite” 意为 “邀请”,“suggest” 意为 “建议”,“advise” 意为 “建议”,“challenge sb to sth” 表示 “向某人挑战某事”,根据语境,这里是挑战下棋,所以选 C。2.He c______ his classmates to a debate competition last week. (根据首字母写出单词题)【答案】challenged【解析】“challenge sb to sth” 表示 “向某人挑战某事”,根据 “last week” 可知用过去式,所以填 challenged。3.She often ______ (challenge) herself to try new sports.【答案】challenges【解析】“often” 表明是一般现在时,主语 “She” 是第三人称单数,所以 “challenge” 用第三人称单数形式 challenges。4.根据汉语用短语完成句子题她总是挑战自己去突破极限。She always ______ herself ______ break through the limits.【答案】challenges; to【解析】“challenge sb to do sth” 表示 “向某人挑战做某事”,根据语境用一般现在时,主语 “She” 是第三人称单数,所以填 challenges; to。要点 2:promisepromise用作动词时,意思是“许诺”用作名词,意思是“诺言, 希望, 约定”常用短语: promise sb. sth 承诺给某人某物 promise that +从句 承诺 ......promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 make a promise(to do) 许下承诺,保证The King promised the old man a golden ring. 国王许诺给老人一个金戒指。Promise me you will not waste your time. 答应我,不要浪费自己的时间。If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果做出了承诺,就应该遵守。【典例分析】1.我爸爸承诺买一部新自行车给我作为生日礼物。My father _________ _________ _________ me a new bike as a birthday present.【解析】promised to buy2.当我们向别人许下诺言时,我们就应该去遵守它。When we_________ __________ __________ to others, we should keep it.【解析】made a promise3. Jessica promised an article on detective for our school newspaper.A、writing B、to write C、wrote D、not writing【解析】B 句意:杰西卡答应为我们的校报写一篇关于侦探的文章。promise to do sth答应做某事。故选B。4.— I don’t think Jimmy will come on such a rainy day.— Oh, no, but he ______!A. promised B. imagined C. produced D. appeared【答案】A【解析】根据句意:我认为Jimmy这样雨天不会来。不他承诺过(要来)。A. promised (承诺) B. imagined (想象) C. produced (生产) D. appeared(出现)要点3 checkcheck及物动词,意为“检查;核实”。Our teachers check our homework every day.我们的老师们每天给我们检查作业。Please check the answers.请核实答案。拓展:check 的相关短语:Check in登记;检票 check out办请手续后离开 check up检查【典例分析】1.Please c______ the information carefully before you hand in the form.【答案】check2.Before you hand in your test paper, you should ______ your answers carefully.A. look B. see C. watch D. check【答案】D【解析】句意:在你交试卷之前,你应该仔细检查你的答案。“look” 通常表示有意识地 “看”,强调看的动作,常与 at 搭配;“see” 强调 “看到” 的结果;“watch” 侧重于 “观看,注视”,常指看电视、比赛等;“check” 意为 “检查;核实”,这里是检查答案,所以选 D。解析】句意:在你交表格之前,请仔细核实信息。“check” 有 “核实” 之意,所以填 check。要点 4. restrest 用作名词时,意为“剩余”;用作动词时,意为“休息”用作名词时,意为“休息”常用短语:the rest of 剩余的...... have a rest 休息一下And the rest of you will be spared. 我会饶了你们其余的人。I have free time to rest. 我有空闲时间来休息。We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息了一下。【典例分析】1.你完成了大部分工作,剩下的由我来做。You have finished most of the work, and I will do ______ ______ ______ it.【答案】the rest of【解析】“the rest of” 表示 “剩余的……”,此处指剩下的工作,所以填 the rest of。2.我们已经走了两个小时了,让我们休息一下吧。We have walked for two hours. Let's ______ ______ ______.【答案】have a rest【解析】“have a rest” 为固定短语,意为 “休息一下”,所以填 have a rest。3.The rest of the students ____ in the classroom.A. is studying B. are studying C. be studying D. is studied【答案】B【解析】the rest of...意为 “剩下的/其余的···...”,其后接名词做主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后面的名词的单复数。4. After a long walk, we sat down under the tree to ______.A. rest B. run C. work D. study【答案】A【解析】句意:在长时间的步行之后,我们在树下坐下休息。“rest” 意为 “休息”;“run” 意为 “跑步”;“work” 意为 “工作”;“study” 意为 “学习”。根据 “After a long walk” 可知,长时间步行后需要休息,所以选 A。要点5:insteadinstead & instead ofinstead 作为副词,意为“代替;而不是”,既可用于句首、也可以用于句中或句末。当instead位于句首起连接作用时,其前后一般用句号、逗号等标点隔开。 The professor didn’t answer my question. Instead, he asked me a question. 教授没有回答我的问题,相反,他问了我一个问题。instead of 作为介词短语,意为“而不是”,其后常接名词、代词或动名词等。 Let’s go out for a walk instead of watching TV at home all day long. 让我们出去散步,而不是整日待在家里看电视吧。【典例分析】1.昨晚他待在家里,而没有去看电影He stayed at home_________ ________ ________ to the cinema last night.【解析】instead of going2.她没有玩电脑游戏,而是为考试而学习。She didn’t play computer games. She studied for the test __________.【解析】instead3.He didn't answer my question. Instead,he asked me a question.(同义改写)=He asked me a question_________ ________ ___________my question.【解析】instead of asking4. What a nice day!We should go sightseeing ________ watching TV in the hotel.A.because of B.instead of C.together with D.instead【解析】句意:多好的一天!我们应该去观光而不是在旅馆看电视。instead of作为介词短语,意为“而不是”,其后常接名词、代词或动名词等。5.Miss White doesn't like buying nice clothes. She likes collecting storybooks________.A.instead B.either C.too D.instead of【解析】A instead 要点6 realize(1) realize作为及物动词,意为“认识到,了解”。He didn’t realize his mistake until his mother told him.直到妈妈告诉他,他才认识到自己的错误。I didn’t realize how late it was. 我没有意识到天已经那么晚了。(2) realize还可以表示“实现;完成”的意思。The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress.那个女孩当演员的梦想终于实现了。【拓展】realize与recognize这两个词都有“认识,识别”的意思,但在具体用法上又有所差别。(1)recognize也可以用作及物动词,表示“认出, 辨认”的意思。I recognized his voice. 我辨认出了他的声音。I recognized her as my friend’s daughter. 我认出了她是我朋友的女儿。(2)recognize还可以表示“清楚知道;认定”的意思。I recognized him to be cleverer than I am. 我认识到他比我聪明。【典例分析】1. It was too dark that night, so I could hardly ________ the traffic signs on the road.A. require B. refuse C. realize D. recognize【答案】D【解析】句意:那天晚上太黑了,我几乎认不出路上的交通标志。考查动词辨析。require要求;refuse拒绝;realize意识到;recognize认识,辨别出。根据“It was too dark that night”可知,晚上太黑了,几乎辨认不出路上的交通标志。故选D。2. Now, more and more people begin to _________ the importance of keeping healthy.A. realize B. control C. encourage D. invent【答案】A【解析】句意:现在,越来越多的人开始意识到保持健康的重要性。考查动词辨析。realize意识到;control控制;encourage鼓励;invent发明。根据“the importance of keeping healthy.”可知,越来越多的人开始意识到保持健康的重要性。故选A。3. —It took Ms. Zhang many years to help her students to ________ their college dreams.—That’s true.A. realize B. describe C. admire D. master【答案】A【解析】句意:——张老师花了很多年的时间帮助她的学生实现他们的大学梦。——这是真的。考查动词辨析。realize实现;describe描述;admire钦佩;master掌握。根据“their college dreams”可知是实现大学梦。故选A。4. —Some Chinese government officers have turned into live streamers(网络主播).—Yes. They’re trying their best to help local farmers to ________ sales(销售).A. receive B. improve C. return D. realize【答案】B【解析】句意:——一些中国政府官员变成了网络主播。——是的。他们正在尽最大努力帮助当地农民提高销售额。考查动词辨析。receive收到;improve提高;return归还;realize意识到。根据“Some Chinese government officers have turned into live streamers(网络主播).”可知政府官员当网络主播为了帮助当地农民提高产品销量,故选B。要点 7:and so onand so on ……等等。通常置于句末。如:She is interested in music, movies, books, and so on.她对音乐、电影、书籍等都感兴趣。We plan to learn Unit 1 on the first week of the month, Unit 2 on the second week, and so on.我们计划在月初第一周学习第一单元,第二周学习第二单元,以此类推。【典例分析】1.超市里面有很多水果,苹果、梨、香蕉等等。There are many fruit in the supermarket, apples, pears, bananas _______ _______ _______【解析】: and so on 等等 表示列举。2. ——What did you have ______ lunch yesterday?——Many things like fish, chicken,carrots,tomatoes ______.A./; and so B./; and so on C.for; and so D.for; and so on【答案】D.【解析】﹣你昨天午饭吃了什么?﹣很多东西,像鱼、鸡肉、胡萝卜、西红柿等等.for "为、对"是介词;and so"同样、因此"是连词词组; and so on "等等、诸如此类"是词组.由题干"﹣你昨天对午饭吃了什么?﹣很多东西,像鱼、鸡肉、胡萝卜、西红柿等等."可知,第一个空格用for;第二个空格是"等等",用and so on ,因此答案应是and so on.要点 8. reply1. 动词:回答;回复reply to sb./sth.对某人 / 某事作出回应She replied to my question quickly.她很快回答了我的问题。注意:reply 是不及物动词,后需接介词 to,不能直接跟宾语(对比:answer 是及物动词,可直接接宾语)。2.名词:回答;答复make a reply(作出回答)/in reply 作为回应I’m still waiting for his reply. 我还在等他的答复。易混辨析(初中考点) reply 与answer辨异区别 reply answer词性 不及物动词(需接 to)/ 名词 及物动词 / 名词用法 侧重 “正式回应” 侧重 “直接回答问题”例句 He replied to my letter. She answered the phone.【典例分析】1.—Can you ______ my question —Sorry, I can't. But I will try to find the answer.A. reply B. reply to C. answer D. answer to【答案】C【解析】句意:—— 你能回答我的问题吗?—— 抱歉,我不能。但我会尽力找到答案。“reply” 是不及物动词,不能直接接宾语,需接 “to”,A 选项错误;“reply to” 侧重正式回应,语境只是普通询问回答问题,不符合,B 选项错误;“answer” 是及物动词,可直接接宾语,“answer my question” 表示直接回答问题,符合语境,C 选项正确;“answer” 作为及物动词不需要加 “to”,D 选项错误,所以选 C。2.She didn't ______ my email until three days later.A. reply B. reply to C. answer D. make a reply【答案】B【解析】句意:她直到三天后才回复我的邮件。“reply” 作为不及物动词,后接宾语需加 “to”,A 选项错误;“reply to” 表示对邮件作出回应,符合语境,B 选项正确;“answer” 虽然也有回答、回复之意,但此处强调正式回应邮件,用 “reply to” 更合适,C 选项错误;“make a reply” 后需加 “to” 才能接宾语,D 选项错误,所以选 B。3.He didn't r______ to my invitation, so I don't know if he will come.【答案】reply【解析】句意:他没有回复我的邀请,所以我不知道他是否会来。根据 “to my invitation” 及首字母提示,且 “reply to” 表示对某事作出回应,符合语境,所以填 reply。4.I'm looking forward to his r______ to my letter.【答案】reply【解析】句意:我期待着他给我的回信。根据 “his” 可知此处需要名词,结合语境及首字母,“reply” 作名词表示 “答复”,“his reply to my letter” 表示他给我的回信,所以填 reply。要点91. hesitation名词,表示 “犹豫;迟疑”2.without hesitation毫不犹豫地She helped the old man cross the road without hesitation.她毫不犹豫地帮助老人过马路。have no hesitation (in) doing sth.毫不犹豫做某事I have no hesitation in recommending this book.我毫不犹豫地推荐这本书。show hesitation表现出犹豫Don’t show any hesitation when facing challenges.面对挑战时不要表现出任何犹豫。3.词形拓展(初中需掌握)动词:hesitate犹豫Don’t hesitate to ask for help.别犹豫,去寻求帮助。【典例分析】1.Don't h______ to tell me if you need any help.【答案】hesitate【解析】句意:如果你需要任何帮助,别犹豫告诉我。根据 “Don't” 和 “to tell” 以及首字母提示,此处是祈使句否定形式,“hesitate to do sth” 表示 “犹豫做某事”,所以填 hesitate。2.He had no ______ (hesitate) in speaking out the truth.【答案】hesitation【解析】句意:他毫不犹豫地说出了真相。“have no hesitation (in) doing sth” 是固定短语,意为 “毫不犹豫做某事”,此处需要名词形式,所以填 hesitation。3.面对困难,他毫不犹豫地选择了坚持。Facing difficulties, he chose to persevere ______ ______.【答案】without hesitation【解析】“without hesitation” 表示 “毫不犹豫地”,符合语境,所以填 without hesitation。【答案】A【解析】句意:他声音中的______ 让我意识到他没有说实话。“hesitation” 意为 “犹豫”,声音中的犹豫能让人察觉对方可能没说实话,符合语境;“station” 意为 “车站”;“situation” 意为 “情况,形势”;“suggestion” 意为 “建议”,这三个词放在句中语义不通,所以选 A。要点 10double v.(使)加倍。如:The members of the music club double those of the art club.音乐社团的成员数量是美术社团的两倍。double还常作形容词,意思是“两倍的;加倍的”。如:This building is double the height of the library.这座建筑是图书馆的两倍高。【典例分析】1.The population of this city has d______ in the last ten years.【答案】doubled【解析】句意:这个城市的人口在过去十年里翻了一番。“doubled” 是动词 “double” 的过去分词形式,这里作谓语,表示 “人口翻倍”,所以填 doubled。2.He earns a d______ salary because he works extra hard.【答案】double【解析】句意:他挣双倍的工资,因为他工作特别努力。“double” 是形容词,意为 “双倍的”,修饰名词 “salary”,所以填 double。3.If you want to ______ your savings, you should invest wisely.A. double B. doubt C. trouble D. couble【答案】A【解析】句意:如果你想让你的存款翻倍,你应该明智地投资。“double” 在这里作动词,意为 “(使)加倍”,符合 “让存款翻倍” 的语境;“doubt” 作动词时意为 “怀疑”,代入句中语义不通;“trouble” “使麻烦”;“couple” 意为 “一对;夫妻”。所以选 A。要点11amount n. 数量;数额。常用于an amount of, a large / small amount of等短语中,修饰不可数名词。如:Music gives an amount of pleasure to people.音乐带给人们许多愉悦。He spends a large amount of money learning to play the piano every year. 他每年花费大量金钱学钢琴。比较:a number of 许多;一些。修饰复数形式的可数名词。如:a large number of students 很多学生【典例分析】1.______ water is wasted every day, and we should save it.A. A number of B. A large amount of C. The number of D. The amount of【答案】B【解析】句意:每天都有大量的水被浪费,我们应该节约用水。“A number of” 修饰可数名词复数,而 “water” 是不可数名词,A 选项错误;“A large amount of” 意为 “大量的”,用于修饰不可数名词,符合语境,B 选项正确;“The number of” 表示 “…… 的数量”,后接可数名词复数,作主语时谓语动词用单数,不符合语义,C 选项错误;“The amount of” 表示 “…… 的数量”,强调具体数量,此处强调大量,而非具体数量,D 选项错误。所以选 B。2. He has spent a huge a______ of time on this project.【答案】amount【解析】句意:他在这个项目上花费了大量的时间。“a huge amount of” 表示 “大量的”,用于修饰不可数名词 “time”,结合首字母,所以填 amount。要点 12stand for 表示 “代表;象征”A stand(s) for B(A 代表 / 象征 B)。In math, "x" often stands for an unknown number.在数学中,“x” 通常代表一个未知数。The flag stands for the country’s history and culture.这面旗帜象征着国家的历史和文化。【典例分析】1.What does "WTO" ______ in English A. stand by B. stand for C. stand up D. stand out【答案】B【解析】句意:“WTO” 在英语中代表什么?stand by:支持;袖手旁观stand for:代表;象征stand up:站起来stand out:突出;显眼此处询问缩写词的含义,用 “stand for” 最合适,故选 B要点131.计数;计算数量She counted the coins in her pocket—there were 15 in total.她数了口袋里的硬币 —— 总共 15 枚。2. 重要;有价值In exams, every point counts.考试中每一分都很重要。同根词(形容词)Countable 可数的 uncountable 不可数的 countless 无数的;数不清的常见短语count down:倒计时We counted down the days until summer vacation. 我们倒计时直到暑假。count on:依靠;指望(初一已学)You can count on me to help you.【典例分析】1.Don't forget to ______ the apples before you give them to the children.A. count B. calculate C. consider D. control【答案】A【解析】句意:在把苹果分给孩子们之前,别忘了数一数。“count” 意为 “计数;计算数量”,符合数苹果数量的语境;“calculate” 侧重于 “计算(数字、结果等)”,如计算数学题;“consider” 意为 “考虑”;“control” 意为 “控制”,这三个词均不符合句意,所以选 A。2.The stars in the sky seem ______, but scientists can estimate their number.A. countless B. countable C. uncountable D. counted【答案】A【解析】句意:天空中的星星看似无数,但科学家可以估算它们的数量。countless:无数的(强调数量极多,难以数清)。countable:可数的(如 apples are countable 苹果是可数的)。uncountable:不可数的(如 water is uncountable 水是不可数的)。counted:被数过的(动词过去式)。此处描述星星数量多到看似数不清,用 “countless”,故选 A。3.Let's c______ down the days until the New Year!【答案】count【解析】句意:让我们倒计时迎接新年!“count down” 为固定短语,意为 “倒计时”,结合首字母,所以填 count。4.There are ______ (count) books in the library, so you can choose whatever you like.【答案】countless【解析】句意:图书馆里有数不清的书,所以你可以选择任何你喜欢的。这里需要用形容词修饰 “books”,“countless” 意为 “无数的;数不清的”,符合语境,所以填 countless。5.We should learn to tell the difference between ______ (count) nouns and uncountable nouns.【答案】countable【解析】句意:我们应该学会区分可数名词和不可数名词。“countable” 是形容词,意为 “可数的”,与 “uncountable” 相对,共同修饰 “nouns”,所以填 countable。6.你可以指望我准时到达。You can ______ ______ me to arrive on time.【答案】count;on【解析】“count on” 是固定短语,意为 “依靠;指望”,所以填 count on。要点 14write down 写下;记下若接代词(如 it/them),需放在 write 和 down 之间(write it down)。接名词:Please write down your name and phone number on the paper.请在纸上写下你的名字和电话号码。接代词:The teacher said something important. I need to write it down.老师说了些重要的话,我得把它记下来。【典例分析】1.Please ______ your name and phone number on this piece of paper.A. write down B. turn down C. take down D. put down【答案】A【解析】句意:请在这张纸上写下你的姓名和电话号码。write down:写下(强调用笔记录信息)。turn down:调低(音量);拒绝(例:turn down the music 调低音乐)。take down:拿下;记录(较正式,如记录会议内容)。put down:放下;镇压(例:put down the book 放下书)。此处是 “写下信息”,用 “write down” 最合适,故选 A。2. 老师让我们 ______ 重要的知识点。The teacher asked us to ______ ______ the important points.【答案】write down【解析】“write down” 表示 “写下;记录”,符合 “记录知识点” 的语境。要点15symbol 象征;符号。后常接 of sth.,表示 “…… 的象征”。The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。The dragon is an important symbol in Chinese culture.龙是中国文化中的重要象征。Gold has long been a symbol of wealth.黄金长期以来是财富的象征。【典例分析】1.The national flag is a ______ of our country. It represents our pride and unity.A. sign B. symbol C. signal D. mark【答案】B【解析】句意:国旗是我们国家的象征。它代表着我们的骄傲和团结。“sign” 通常指 “迹象;标志;招牌”,比如交通标志;“symbol” 意为 “象征;符号”,强调具有抽象意义的象征,国旗象征国家符合此用法;“signal” 表示 “信号”,如交通信号;“mark” 表示 “标记;记号”,如做笔记的标记。所以这里应选 B。2.The olive branch is widely known as a ______ of peace around the world.A. picture B. symbol C. photo D. painting【答案】B【解析】句意:橄榄枝在全世界被广泛认为是和平的象征。“picture” 指 “图画;照片” ;“symbol” 表示 “象征”,橄榄枝象征和平是固定表达;“photo” 意为 “照片”;“painting” 意为 “绘画”。根据语境,这里强调象征意义,所以选 B。3.In many cultures, the rose is a s______ of love.【答案】symbol【解析】句意:在许多文化中,玫瑰是爱情的象征。根据 “a...of love” 及首字母提示,“symbol” 符合 “…… 的象征” 的表达,所以填 symbol。4.在中国,红色通常被视为好运的象征。In China, red is usually regarded as ______ ______ ______ good luck.【答案】a symbol of【解析】根据 “…… 的象征” 的表达,应用固定短语 “a symbol of”,所以填 a symbol of。要点 16represent 代表;象征,描绘;表现She represents our class in the debate competition. 她代表我们班参加辩论赛。The logo represents the company’s core values.这个标志象征着公司的核心价值观。The painting represents a peaceful countryside scene.这幅画描绘了宁静的乡村景象。represent 与 stand for 的核心区别维度 represent stand for词性 及物动词(需接宾语) 动词短语(不及物,后接宾语时无需介词)核心含义 1. 具体代表(如人、组织、概念)2. 象征、描绘 1. 表示符号、缩写的含义2. 代表抽象概念用法侧重 强调 “作为代表履行职责” 或 “用形象表现意义” 侧重 “符号 / 缩写所指代的内容” 或 “抽象象征”例句对比 He represents the company in Europe.他在欧洲代表公司。 “UN” stands for the United Nations. “UN” 代表联合国。是否可用于人 可以(如代表团队、国家) 通常不用于人(更侧重符号 / 概念)【典例分析】1. Our monitor will ______ us to attend the school meeting.A. represent B. replace C. remember D. remind【答案】A【解析】句意:我们的班长将代表我们参加学校会议。“represent” 表示 “代表”,符合班长代表班级参会的语境;“replace” 意为 “替换”;“remember” 意为 “记得”;“remind” 意为 “提醒” ,这三个选项代入句中语义不通。所以选 A。2.This famous artwork ______ a busy street in old Beijing.A. represents B. discovers C. creates D. invents【答案】A【解析】句意:这幅著名的艺术作品描绘了老北京一条繁忙的街道。“represents” 在这里表示 “描绘;表现”,符合艺术作品展现场景的意思;“discovers” 意为 “发现”,通常用于发现已存在的事物;“creates” 意为 “创造”,强调从无到有;“invents” 意为 “发明”,通常用于发明新事物或方法。所以选 A。3.The statue r______ the great hero who saved the city.【答案】represents【解析】句意:这座雕像代表着拯救这座城市的伟大英雄。根据语境和首字母,“represents” 表示 “代表;象征”,句子是一般现在时,主语 “The statue” 是单数,动词用第三人称单数形式,所以填 represents。要点17 wonderwonder v. 想知道;想弄明白【例句】I wonder if you can attend the meeting tonight. 我想知道你是否可以参加今晚的会议。【拓展】(1)wonderful adj. 精彩的Welcome to the wonderful world of Disneyland! 欢迎来到精彩的迪士尼世界!(2)wonderfully adv. 精彩地Listen! How wonderfully the girls are singing! 听!女孩们唱得多么精彩啊!(3)no wonder=It’s no wonder that 怪不得No wonder he jumped out of the car.=It’s no wonder that he jumped out of the car. 怪不得他当时跳车了。【典例分析】I ______ where Tom has gone. He was here just now.A. know B. wonder C. believe D. understand【答案】B【解析】句意:我想知道汤姆去哪儿了。他刚才还在这里。know:知道(表示已有信息)。wonder:想知道(对未知事物的疑问)。believe:相信(主观认为)。understand:理解。此处表达 “想知道” 的疑问,用 “wonder”,故选 B。2. I w______ if you can help me with this math problem.【答案】wonder【解析】句意:我想知道你是否能帮我解决这个数学问题。“wonder” 作为动词,意为 “想知道”,主语是 “I”,一般现在时用原形,故填 wonder。3.The children performed ______ (wonder) at the talent show.【答案】wonderfully【解析】句意:孩子们在才艺表演中表现得非常精彩。“performed” 是动词,需用副词修饰,“wonder” 的副词形式是 “wonderfully”,故填 wonderfully。4.It’s a ______ (wonder) opportunity for us to learn from experts.【答案】wonderful【解析】句意:这对我们来说是一个向专家学习的绝佳机会。“opportunity” 是名词,需用形容词修饰,“wonder” 的形容词是 “wonderful”,故填 wonderful。5.我想知道明天是否会下雨。I ______ ______ it will rain tomorrow.【答案】wonder if【解析】“wonder if...” 表示 “想知道是否……”,主语是 “I”,动词用原形,故填 wonder if。要点 18thousands of 好几千;成千上万thousands of,意为“好几千,成千上万”。thousand意为“一千”,用来表示不确定的数目时,thousand应变为复数,且在后面加of。拓展:与thousand用法类似的词Hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百万)等表示概数时,本身要用复数形式,后接“of+可数名词复数”,即“hundreds/thousands/millions +of+名词复数”,意为“数以百/千/百万计的……”。若这些数量词前有基数词,则直接用hundred /thousand/million等,不用复数形式,也不加of。It cost me two hundred dollars.它花了我200美元The restaurant receives hundreds of customers every day.这家饭店每天接待数以百计的顾客【典例分析】1.每年人们会在山上种植成千上万棵树来保护环境。Every year trees are planted on the hills to protect the environment.【解析】thousands of2. It is reported that nearly _________ foreign kids joined a British boarding school last year,and a third of them came from China.A. nine thousand B. nine thousands C. nine thousand of D. nine thousands of【解析】A句意:据悉,去年近九千个外国孩子加入了英国寄宿学校,其中三分之一来自中国。考查数量的表达。thousand名词,千;前面有具体数字时,后面thousand不能用复数,也不能跟of; thousands of表示约数。故选A。3. birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands【解析】 A 考查数词的用法。句意:数千只鸟已经回来,因为这里的环境变得越来越好。thousands of数千的,thousand 与数词连用时使用单数,与of连用时使用复数。故选A。4. It is reported that there are over ______ koalas dying in the disastrous wild fire broke out recently in Australia.A. thousands of B. 8 thousands C. 8 thousands of D. 8 thousand【解析】1. D millions of 数以百万计的。概数。 不能与具体数字连用。2.D thousands of 数以千计的。Thousand可以与具体数字连用。Thousand后面不加“s”。知识要点二、语法数词一、定义与分类数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等;表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词,如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词,在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。二、基数词1. hundred(百), thousand(千), million(百万), billion(十亿)About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。There are in our school.A. six hundred B. six hundred of (×) C. six hundreds (×)D. six hundreds of (×) E. hundred (×) F. hundreds (×)G. hundreds of (Tips: S, of 总相随,数字S冤家一队. )2. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如:He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。one two three four five six seven eight ninefirst second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth nintheleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteeneleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenthtwenty thirty hundred thousand milliontwentieth thirtieth hundredth thousandth millionth三、序数词 ( hundred—hundredth thousand—thousandth million--millionth)基数词表示几个,后接名词复数,而序数词表示第几个(即一个),后接可数名词的单数。如:six friends(六个朋友) the sixth friend(第六个朋友)序数词前通常要用定冠词,但表示考试或比赛等的名次时,通常可省略其前的定冠词。如:My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼,他的房间在四楼。He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。注:有时序数词前不用定冠词,而用不定冠词,表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如:We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。四、分数、倍数、小数和百分数1. 分数。分数由基数词和序数词构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子超过“1”时,分母用复数。 如:two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5注:1/2 通常读作 a [one] half,一般不读作a second;1/4 可读作 a [one] fourth,也可读作 a [one] quarter。2. 倍数。英语中表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词。如:They’re twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子大约有我们房子三倍大。3. 百分数。百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成,百分号(%)读作 percent。如:thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60%4、小数。 小数点前的数按总数念,同其它基数词读法一样,小数点用point,小数点后面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。如: 9.65读作nine point six five。218.39读作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。五、表示日期1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 读作the second of May, sixteen hundred六、表示钟点半小时用half,一刻钟用a quarter,半小时以内用past,超过半小时用to。08:00 eight o’clock或eight 09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine02:30 two thirty或half past/after two 05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six七、表示约数1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。如:The boy bought dozens of pencils.那个男孩买了几十支铅笔。Thousands of people died in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等来表示小于或接近某数目。如: nearly two hours将近两个小时。3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等来表示超过或多于某个数目。如: more than 100 years一百多年。4. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一数目左右。如: about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔,a month or so大约一个月。5. 用to, from…to…, between…and表示介于两数词。如:His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month.他的工资从每月100美元升到了每月120美元。【典例分析】一、用下列词的适当形式填空。1.Even a child knows September is the month of a year.(nine)2.We Chinese will celebrate the (ninety) birthday of the Chinese Communist Party in many ways.3.The (two)Sunday in May is Mother’s Day.4.My family live on the (five)floor of the tall building.5.My uncle lives on the (twelve)floor of the building.6.I’ve bought a present for my father’s_________(forty)birthday.7.Climb up to the (thirty-two) floor, and you can enjoy a better view.8.I always brush my teeth (two) a day.9.There are fifty students in our class, and two- (three) of them are girls.10.Tom died in his (sixty)【答案】1.ninth 2.ninetieth 3.second 4.fifth 5.twelfth 6.fortieth 7.thirty-second 8.twice 9.thirds 10.sixties知识要点三、书面表达【话题分析】数据图表类作文 本单元我们阅读关于数据在我们生活中起重要作用的文章,写作范文是一篇图表作文。介绍世界人口,图表类书面表达常以数据统计类和比较类两种形式进行考查。图表数据作文不仅是英语写作的一种形式,更是训练学生们“处理信息、分析问题” 的综合能力。它以 “数据” 为桥梁,要求通过观察图表,将数据、文字内容及图表所包含的有效信息进行分析,将它们准确地转化为表意的说明文字,从而得出令人信服的结论。由于图表直观、实用,同时能更好地考查观察能力、分析问题及语言驾驭能力,所以能帮助学习者在精准表达中构建理性思考的习惯。是中考常考的一种考向。这类作文要注意以下事项:一、文章开篇要点明图表主题、对象、时间及方式,快速引出数据内容。二、文章中间段时数据描述与分析(核心部分)。分点呈现数据,对比差异,突出主要趋势或现象。三、文章结尾观点总结与延伸。基于数据发表看法,提出建议、原因或影响,升华主题。写作注意事项(1)时态与语态:调查背景用过去时;数据描述可用一般现在时(客观结果);观点分析用一般现在时。(2)数据表达多样化:避免重复使用 “percent”,如:“40%” 可表述为 “nearly half” “four out of ten” “approximately 40 per cent”。(3)逻辑连贯:用连接词区分数据层次(如 Firstly... Secondly... Finally...);对比数据时用 “while /by comparison”(4)避免主观臆断。(5)语言简洁准确。【短语积累】1.在19世纪下半叶___________________2.保持不变___________________3.快上去___________________4.等等___________________5.其余___________________6.毫不犹豫地___________________7.低于50%___________________8.制定月度预算 ___________________9.一粒稻米___________________10.代表___________________11.这个图表展示___________________12. 30%的学生___________________13. 学生的数量上升至10%…___________________14. 表示由表格可知…___________________【答案】1.During the second half of the 1800s 2.stay the same 3.go up quickly4.and so on 5.the rest of 6.without hesitation 7.less than 50% 8.make a monthly budget 9. one grain of11.The chart shows that… 12.30% of the students … 13. The number of the students rise by 10% …/ fall by… 14. From the chart, we know that…【句式积累】1.这个图表展示世界人口的变化This chart shows the changes of world population2. 30%的学生喜欢参加这个节目。30% of students enjoy taking part in this program.3. 这个学校的学生的数量上升了10%The number of students in this school has increased by 10%4. 由表格可知世界人口在21世纪中叶上升非常快。From the chart, it can be seen that the world population is rising rapidly in the middle of the 21st century.5.在1950 - 2000 年间,世界人口翻了一倍多。Between 1950 and 2000, the world population more than doubled.6.他在第一个方格放一粒米,第二个放两粒,以此类推。He put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and so on.7. 很久以前,人们开始使用数字。(a long time ago)A long time ago, people started to use numbers.8.在八月份的时候,交通事故数量上升至234起,在九月份又降 至220起。In August, the number rose to 234 and then fell to 220 in September.9.数字在我们生活中起重要作用,他们无处不在。Numbers play an important role in our daily lives,they are everywhere.10.人们用数字做很多事情,比如计划一次旅行,做预算。People use numbers to do a lot of things such as planning a journey and making a budget。【实战演练】假设你们班(总数50人)上周进行了一项有关做家务情况的调查,请根据下面表格中的调查数据,以“Doing housework”为题,用英语写一篇短文。要点:提示词:责任responsibility 生活技能living skill要求:1. 80个词左右。2. 必须包括以上全部要点,可以适当发挥;3.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名;4.条理清楚,语句通顺,意义连贯,书写规范。Doing housework Last week, our class made a survey on doing housework among ourselves.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Doing housework Last week, our class made a survey on doing housework among ourselves. Here are the results.According to the survey, 40 per cent of our classmates often do some washing such as washing clothes, dishes and vegetables. There are 35 per cent students cleaning the house. They sweep the floor and clean the window. 12 per cent students do some shopping for their families. And about 8 per cent of them do the cooking. However, there're 5 per cent students hardly doing any housework.I think as a member of the family, it's our responsibility to do housework. We should learn to do some simple housework. Also, it's helpful for us to learn some living skills from it.随着社会的进步,手机使用越来越广泛。最近,你班就使用智能手机的情况展开了一次调查(全班50人),调查结果如下图。请你结合调查数据,以“Smartphone, Tool or Toy ”为题,写一篇发言稿在班会课上进行汇报。内容:1. 描述调查内容,可适当增加细节;2. 你对使用手机的看法(至少两条);3. 合理使用手机的建议(至少两条)。要求:1.80 词左右(给出部分不计入总词数);2. 要点齐全,可适当发挥;3. 条理清晰,语句通顺连贯,书写规范;4. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。参考词汇:刷抖音 brush Tiktok 看短视频 watch short videos 影响 influenceDear classmates,Today, I’d like to talk about an important topic: “Smartphone, Tool or Toy ” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanks a lot for your listening!【答案】例文Dear classmates,Today, I’d like to talk about an important topic: “Smartphone, Tool or Toy ”Recently, our class conducted a survey on the use of smartphones. Here is the result. 28 students use smartphones to play games and 10 students use smartphones to watch short videos. Only 12 students use smartphones to search for information and study.Using smartphones has both advantages and disadvantages. On the positive side, smartphones can be very helpful for learning. They provide easy access to a vast amount of information and educational resources. However, there are also some drawbacks. Excessive use of smartphones can waste a lot of time and money. Moreover, it can lead to addiction and distract students from their studies.In my opinion, students should use smartphones wisely. They should set a time limit for non-educational activities and focus more on using smartphones as a tool for learning. Thanks a lot for your listening!2 / 2 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Unit 2 知识梳理(原卷版).docx Unit 2 知识梳理(解析版).docx