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2024级高二年级第一学期调研考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How many students are there in the woman’s class
A．60. B．40. C．20.
2．What will the man do today
A．Fly a kite. B．Visit his sister. C．Look for an apartment.
3．Who most probably made a mess in the room
A．The woman. B．Bowen. C．Peter.
4．Where are probably the speakers
A．On the plane. B．At the cinema. C．On the train.
5．What does the woman imply
A．She didn’t clean the apartment. B．She’ll help the man clean his apartment.
C．She needs to clean the lab.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6．What day is it today
A．September 9th. B．September 12th. C．September 13th.
7．Why is the woman charged an extra 20 dollars
A．The price has gone up. B．The man makes a mistake.
C．She has to pay for room service.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8．Who is the woman
A．A shop assistant. B．The man’s wife. C．The man’s employer.
9．What is the man going to do next
A．Turn on the air conditioner. B．Look at other tables.
C．Pay for the items.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10．How is Belinda’s skin
A．Dry. B．Dark. C．Smooth.
11．What does Belinda quit drinking now
A．Soda. B．Juice. C．Coffee.
12．What is the best for skin according to Belinda
A．Skin care products. B．Regular exercise. C．Good sleep.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
13．What did the boy help his mother do last week
A．He aired quilts. B．He did the laundry. C．He did nothing.
14．Why does Sherry refuse the boy’s suggestion
A．She hates to do housework. B．He won’t do housework with her.
C．Their mother has done housework.
15．What is Sherry probably doing
A．Repairing her camera. B．Looking for her camera.
C．Watering the flowers.
16．What will the boy do next
A．Do some shopping. B．Eat snacks. C．Change clothes.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where is the speaker working now
A．In Texas. B．In California. C．In Ohio.
18．When did the speaker decide to become a pilot
A．When he visited his dad’s workplace.
B．When he majored in astronomy.
C．When he joined a flying club.
19．What did the man think hardest during the training
A．Dealing with emergencies.
B．Estimating the required fuel.
C．Remembering the flight routes.
20．What does the speaker think of his job
A．Tiring. B．Interesting. C．Demanding.
第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （15个小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Some of the Best Children’s Books in 2025
Books are great for helping kids feel less alone when they see others have, similar experiences to them, and also for learning about the experiences of others—in that way, books can be both mirrors and windows, and are important for kids’ social and psychological development. There are some best children’s books in 2025 for kids to enjoy!
A VACCINE IS LIKE A MEMORY BY RAJANI LAROCCA, MD; ILLUSTRATED BY KATHLEEN MARCOTTE
Not all storybooks are fictional. Little scientists will be especially interested in this nonfiction book that explains how vaccines work, and that they help protect your body from diseases you’ve never had before.
PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND BY SARA SHEPARD
Fifth grade can be tough, and that’s certainly what Penny is finding out the hard way. Her best friend suddenly wants nothing to do with her, and her anxiety means she always had dozens of questions firing in her brain. A great new series to help new middle graders figure out and process their new world.
GIRLS MAKE MOVIES BY JEN VAUGHN AND MALLORY O’MEARA
This book is a choose-your-own-path take on the world of Hollywood, for girls who might be interested in making a career in producing, acting, set design, and more. It offers some practical ways to learn about the world of movie making.
REWIND BY LISA GRAFF
This time travel middle grade novel sees McKinley O’Dair find herself back in 1993, and with a decision to make before she can go back to the present. It’s full of imagination and creation. One for Millennial (千禧年) and Gen X parents to enjoy alongside their middle grader!
If you need more inspiration for kids’ reading, below is our website! Happy reading, kuddos!
21．Who is the target reader of PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND
A．A budding scientist. B．A young student.
C．A movie fan. D．A poetry lover.
22．Which book is a fiction book among the list
A．A VACCINE IS LIKE A MEMORY. B．PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND．
C．GIRLS MAKE MOVIES. D．REWIND．
23．Where is this text probably taken from
A．An academic report. B．A storybook.
C．An Internet website. D．An album.
B
When I was about five years old, I was living with my parents in New York. It was the 1980s and one day I sat in front of my favourite lunchbox. This one held my huge collection of crayons (蜡笔). Like most children, I was curious and I wanted to “discover” what was inside my crayons. So I broke them in two. I was rather disappointed to find nothing but more crayon inside of them. Growing up, I saw my television taken apart to see the parts inside. In fact, my childhood interest in the building blocks (构成要素) of things led me to pursue a career in engineering.
I realized that inside all of the human-made things in the world around us are fundamental building blocks. Without them our complex machinery wouldn’t exist.
It is this idea that inspired my book, one in which I have selected what I believe to be the seven core elements that form the basis of the modern world: the nail, the wheel, the spring, the magnet (磁铁), the lens, the pump (泵) and string. Together they have a vast range of innovations. They have created and changed our technology and our history, society, communication, transportation, arts and culture.
I-selected these seven objects during the first 2020 lockdown. Trapped at home, I let my mind wander freely while looking around at my possessions, dismantling them to see what lay inside each of them. For example, the speaker on my phone through which I could hear the voices of my family and friends relied on a magnet. Even as I thought about larger and more complex objects-skyscrapers, tunnels, satellites and so on, I came back to the same seven basic innovations.
Look around yourself and ask questions about what you see: reignite (重新燃起) that childhood curiosity. Hopefully, this will inspire you to investigate the increasingly complicated world of engineering, and is something which will lead you to form a better understanding of the building blocks of our world.
24．Why did the author share his childhood experience in the beginning
A．To explain how his hobby formed. B．To introduce the topic of this passage.
C．To refresh his happy memory when young. D．To advise readers to follow his example.
25．What can we learn about the seven elements
A．They didn’t come along until 2020.
B．They set people free during the lockdown.
C．They were only applied in our daily items.
D．They are the necessary and crucial parts of machinery.
26．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “dismantling” in Paragraph 4
A．Separating things into small parts.
B．Observing things with certain tools.
C．Creating something new with building blocks.
D．Finding new ways of communication with a new device.
27．What is the main idea of this article
A．Perseverance leads to victory. B．Failure is the mother of success.
C．Small things matter in our daily life. D．Engineering dream should start young.
C
Taking an “eco-break” was once almost the same as a weekend’s hedge-laying or a summer spent conserving wildlife. Here is how things have changed: being a green traveler today is no longer restricted to one-off gestures but, rather, it’s a state of mind. Influences include, but are not limited to what we pack, how we reach our destination, where we stay and what activities we take part in.
Such change has come about thanks to both a growing understanding of climate change and the pioneering efforts of some travel operators to show the joy of going green. Luxury camping specialists Feather Down Farms and Forest, for example, led the glamping (豪华野营) revolution. Digital platforms such as Under the Thatch and Canopy & Stars have made booking low-impact rural accommodations easier. Adventure operators such as TYF, Intrepid and Much Better Adventures set the agenda for sustainable outdoor relaxation.
But the increased appetite for travel and the trend for replacing annual trips with multiple shorter breaks has seen a rise in carbon-intensive air travel. Meanwhile, key overland routes have been discontinued (such as ferry services to Scandinavia and overnight “train hotels” through France and Spain), and cuts in local transport services have severely impacted car-free access to rural areas. Dishonest and immoral businesses have also jumped on the “eco” travel wave, muddying the waters.
There are, however, signs we’re entering a golden age of green travel. Richard Hammond, founder of the Green Traveler website, shares over 20 years’ worth of expertise in his new guidebook outlying methods to explore the world sustainably. Many travel companies are also starting to provide tools to help travelers tell the genuinely and real green from greenwashing operations ( and Google, for instance, are working with not-for-profit Travalyst to flag up officially-approved and eco-certified hotels in their search results) while the upcoming national rollout (推广) of electric car charging, the modernization of cross-channel ferry services and the return of rail means choosing lower-carbon overland travel is becoming practical and more appealing.
28．How have things changed for being green now
A．Each stop on a route is planned with care.
B．Many aspects of our travels are influenced.
C．Wildlife preservation is not as essential as before.
D．The health conditions of tourists are considered.
29．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning some travel operators
A．To compare their jobs in different fields.
B．To offer the readers select recommendations.
C．To impress the readers with outdoor activities.
D．To show their joint contributions to green travel.
30．What does the underlined word “greenwashing” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Eco-unfriendly. B．Illegal. C．Disorderly. D．Evergreen.
31．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Going Green B．Costing the Earth Less
C．Experiencing Rural Lifestyles D．Adventuring Into the Golden Age
D
No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty.
Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.
However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise.
The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed.
Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!
In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in her doctoral thesis (论文) in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect.
One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to acquire a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.
Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix
Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity.
32．What is a common practice to finish a task
A．Working in a focused period. B．Working with occasional breaks.
C．Working with a stop midway. D．Working in an interrupted session.
33．What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment
A．Interruption recalls details. B．Interruption betters memory.
C．Interruption disturbs balance. D．Interruption reduces productivity.
34．Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect
A．Fashion shows. B．Online news.
C．Talk shows. D．TV series.
35．What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect
A．The desire for balance. B．The physical backlog.
C．The outside pressure. D．The upcoming tasks.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Meeting new people is a great way to broaden your horizons, expand your social circle- or swap it for a new one. Most of us are looking to make regular friends and if possible, true, soul friends. 36
Identify opportunities. We let chances to make friends pass us by every day. 37 . Instead of forcing a little small talk with your kindly neighbors, ask them in for a cup of tea and get to know them... You’ll be surprised by how many potential friends there already are in your orbit.
38 . Joining a group, club or class is an effective way to meet people. Pursue a skill you are enthusiastic about, because then you will have a good time and feel more at ease striking up a conversation.
Allow yourself to be vulnerable (易受伤害的). 39 . What if your overtures (主动表示) are rejected A degree of vulnerability is needed in trying to strike up friendships. Put plainly, keeping yourself to yourself isn’t going to help you. Letting others in on plans is simple ways to share, which will help build closeness and trust.
Use Technology widely. Social media can be hugely beneficial for making friends. Apps can be a good starting point, as can platforms. 40 . The more we rely on apps, the less practice we have with the kinds of conversations and experiences that really allow us to create close friendships.
A．Follow your interests.
B．Turn to community for help.
C．Here are some ways to get out there.
D．It can be scary trying to make friends.
E．But they do not replace personal interactions.
F．They’re perfect ways of expanding your social circle.
G．Have the courage to take small steps when opportunities arise.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Since 1960, considerable scientific researches have been done on chimps (黑猩猩) in their natural habitats. Astonishingly, scientists have found out that the social 41 of Chimps are very similar to humans. Chimps will 42 in certain ways, like gathering together to protect their land. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to 43 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly 44 to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food
In the laboratory, chimps don’t 45 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 46 -he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children, 47 , are extremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this 48 in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.
There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 49 in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very 50 age before most parents have started to train their children to behave 51 . Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence 52 in children before their general cognitive(认知的) skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the 53 world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.
The core (核心) of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can 54 what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a(n) 55 goal.
41．A．structures B．responsibilities C．policies D．behaviors
42．A．conflict B．offend C．cooperate D．discuss
43．A．help B．contact C．divide D．trust
44．A．manage B．decline C．attempt D．force
45．A．curiously B．unwillingly C．naturally D．carelessly
46．A．in turn B．with care C．at random D．in advance
47．A．all in all B．as a result C．in no case D．on the other hand
48．A．attack B．availability C．attractiveness D．cooperativeness
49．A．educated B．possessed C．motivated D．stimulated
50．A．old B．young C．middle D．late
51．A．creatively B．formally C．competitively D．socially
52．A．develops B．decreases C．changes D．disappears
53．A．invisible B．abstract C．physical D．imaginary
54．A．infer B．adapt C．absorb D．balance
55．A．realistic B．shared C．specific D．ambitious
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Morley Safer has worked in television news for 61 years. He’s spent 46 of those years on his broadcast, longer than anyone else. As a 56 (travel), he holds some sort of record, 57 (take) planes, trains, boats, even bicycles to the ends of the Earth.
When he was 24, a door opened that would change his life. He was hired 58 a television news writer at the CBC, Canada's premier broadcasting network. And soon enough, he was 59 foreign correspondent(记者), the job he’d dreamed of. His passport filled up quickly. In late 1963, Morley caught the eye of the American network leaders, 60 hired him to join the great CBS bureau in London. From his base in London, he covered shooting wars in Algeria and Cyprus.
By the time he was 35, he 61 (cover) news in Europe, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. It’s fair 62 (say) that nobody alive today has seen as much and reported on it as 63 (brilliant) as Morley. Simply by example, he’s made the rest of us better journalists. His writing 64 (consider) the best in the business. His toughness and kindness and sense of humor are legendary.
In a business that’s fast-moving and sometimes competitive, he survived and prospered, either outworking 65 outliving everyone else, trying to get to the bottom of things.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了“中华经典诵读比赛(Chinese Classics Recitation Competition)。 请你为校英文报写篇报道,内容包括:
1.比赛目的; 2.比赛过程; 3.活动反响。
注意:1.写作词数应为 80 左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Chinese Classics Recitation Competition
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a gloomy afternoon, with dark clouds hanging low in the sky, making the already old-fashioned campus seem even more deserted. After the last class of the day, I walked across the campus with my close classmate, Tom. As we neared a quiet corner beside the old library, a series of faint meowing sounds (猫叫声) pierced the stillness. Our curiosity piqued, we exchanged a glance and immediately traced the source of the noise.
Behind a messy stack of old boxes, we discovered a minuscule, emaciated cat. Its once-soft fur was now caked with dirt, and its small body trembled ever so slightly, a clear indication that it had suffered from days of hunger and cold. A profound sense of pity welled up within us. Tom bent down slowly, his hand extended gently, his voice soft as he tried to lead the frightened animal out. At first, the cat was frightened, its wide-eyed gaze fixed on us in fear. But gradually, after a few moments of cautious sniffing (嗅), it timidly stepped out from its hiding spot.
We knew we couldn’t abandon this helpless creature. Tom proposed taking it to the school infirmary (医务室), believing the school doctor might be able to assess its condition. I nodded in instant agreement, yet a tinge of worry crept in as we pondered how the school authorities would respond to us bringing a cat into the infirmary.
Just at that moment, Lily, a classmate with a kind heart and a skill of animal care, happened to pass by. The moment she laid eyes on the pitiful cat in our arms, her expression softened. She informed us that she had experience in dealing with stray (走失的) animals and eagerly offered her assistance. With Lily on board, our determination to save the cat grew tenfold. We held the cat gently and made our way towards the infirmary, filled with hope and a touch of nervousness.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。
On reaching the infirmary, the school doctor greeted us with a surprised look. __________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Over the next few days, we took turns to take care of the cat. _______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2025-2026学年度第一学期高二调研考试
英语试题参考答案
第一部分听力(共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
1-5ACCBA 6-10 CCBCC 11-15 ABCBC 16-20 CACAB
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
21-23 BDC 24-27 BDAD 28-31 BDAA 32-35 ABDA
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
36-40 CGADE
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
41-45 DCABC 46-50 CDDBB 51-55 DACAB
第二节 单句语法填空（共10题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
56．traveler 57．taking 58．as 59．a 60．who
61．had covered 62．to say 63．brilliantly 64．is considered 65．or
第四部分 写作（满分40分）
应用文
Chinese Classics Recitation Competition
Last Friday witnessed a Chinese Classics Recitation Competition in our school, which is aimed at enriching students ’ campus life.
Students and teachers from 20 classes took turns to recite their works individually or as a group. Wearing special costumes, every participant was in high spirits and presented their best performance. Accompanied by music, dance and even opera, so impressive was the competition that the audience burst into applause and cheers constantly. Finally, students from class 1 dominated the competition and won the first prize.
This activity was highly thought of. Not only did it provide students with a platform to showcase their talent, but it also fueled students ’ passion for learning traditional Chinese culture.
读后续写
Paragraph 1:
On reaching the infirmary, the school doctor greeted us with a surprised look. However, after listening to our earnest plea and the cat’s tragic situation, her expression softened. She quickly got to work, conducting a thorough examination. She told us the cat was severely malnourished and had a respiratory infection. While treating the cat, she patiently explained to us the care it needed. We listened intently, absorbing every word, grateful for her expertise. With the doctor’s professional treatment, the cat’s breathing gradually became more stable, and we felt a glimmer of hope.
Paragraph 2:
Over the next few days, we took turns to take care of the cat. We divided the tasks among us. I was in charge of bringing fresh food and water every morning, Tom cleaned the cat’s temporary shelter, and Lily monitored its health closely. As the days passed, the cat’s condition improved remarkably. Its fur became smoother, and its eyes sparkled with newfound vitality. It even started to play with a small ball we brought for it. This experience not only saved a life but also strengthened the bond between us classmates. We realized that with unity and compassion, we could make a difference.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和同学们如何发现并救助一只流浪小猫的过程，以及这一经历给他们带来的感悟和成长。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“到达医务室后，校医用惊讶的眼神迎接了我们。”以及第二段首句内容“在接下来的几天里，我们轮流照顾这只小猫。”可知，第一段可描写了解了情况后，校医救治了小猫。
②由第二段首句内容“在接下来的几天里，我们轮流照顾这只小猫。”可知，第二段可描写作者和同学们轮流照顾小猫，并深有感触。
2.续写线索：校医非常惊讶地看着小猫——了解了情况后， 校医立刻开始检查猫的健康状况——校医发现小猫营养不良，并告知了作者如何照顾小猫——于是，作者和同学们开始轮流照顾小猫——他们分工明确，密切关注小猫的情况——随着时间的推移，小猫的情况越来越好，而作者和同学们之间的情谊也日益密切
A篇
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本2025年最好的儿童书籍。
21．细节理解题。根据PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND BY SARA SHEPARD部分中“A great new series to help new middle graders figure out and process their new world.(一个伟大的新系列，帮助初中生发现和处理他们的新世界)”可知，PENNY DRAWS A BEST FRIEND的目标读者是年轻的学生。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This time travel middle grade novel sees McKinley O’Dair find herself back in 1993, and with a decision to make before she can go back to the present.(这部时间旅行小说讲述的是麦金利·欧戴尔发现自己回到了1993年，并在回到现在之前做出了一个决定)”可知，REWIND是一本科幻小说。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you need more inspiration for kids’ reading, below is our website!(如果你需要更多关于儿童阅读的灵感，下面是我们的网站！)”可推知，文章选自互联网。故选C。
B篇
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己童年的经历告诉我们童年的好奇心会激发我们去探索日益复杂的工程世界，并引导我们更好地理解世界的组成部分。
24．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In fact, my childhood interest in the building blocks (构成要素) of things led me to pursue a career in engineering.(事实上，我童年时对构建事物的兴趣促使我从事工程方面的职业。)”可知，作者在文章一开始分享自己童年的经历是为了引出话题：工程梦要从小开始。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I realized that inside all of the human-made things in the world around us are fundamental building blocks. Without them our complex machinery wouldn’t exist.(我意识到，在我们周围的世界里，所有人造的东西都是基本的构件。没有它们，我们复杂的机器就不会存在。)”和文章第三段“It is this idea that inspired my book, one in which I have selected what I believe to be the seven core elements that form the basis of the modern world: the nail, the wheel, the spring, the magnet (磁铁), the lens, the pump (泵) and string. Together they have a vast range of innovations.(正是这个想法启发了我的书，在这本书中，我选择了我认为构成现代世界基础的七个核心元素：钉子、轮子、弹簧、磁铁、透镜、泵和绳子。他们一起有大量的创新。)”可知，我们可以了解到这七个元素是机器必不可少的关键部件。故选D。
26．词义猜测题。根据“to see what lay inside each of them(看看每件东西里面都装着什么)”可知，作者在疫情封锁期间被困在家里，思绪自由地漫游，环顾四周，把自己的东西拆开，由此可知，dismantling意为“把事物分成小的部分”。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In fact, my childhood interest in the building blocks (构成要素) of things led me to pursue a career in engineering.(事实上，我童年时对构建事物的兴趣促使我从事工程方面的职业。)”和文章最后一段“Look around yourself and ask questions about what you see: reignite (重新燃起) that childhood curiosity. Hopefully, this will inspire you to investigate the increasingly complicated world of engineering, and is something which will lead you to form a better understanding of the building blocks of our world.(看看你的周围，对你所看到的提出问题：重新点燃童年的好奇心。希望这将激发你去探索日益复杂的工程世界，并引导你更好地理解我们世界的组成部分。)”可知，文章主要讲述了工程梦要从小开始。故选D。
C篇
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是绿色旅行兴起的原因和遇到的问题。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Here is how things have changed: being a green traveler today is no longer restricted to one-off gestures but, rather, it’s a state of mind. Influences include, but are not limited to what we pack, how we reach our destination, where we stay and what activities we take part in. (如今的情况已经发生了变化：现在环保成为一名绿色旅行者不再局限于一次性的姿态，而是一种心态。影响包括但不限于我们的行李，我们如何到达目的地，我们住在哪里以及我们参加什么活动。)”可知，现在环保的变化在于我们旅行的许多方面都受到了影响。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段的“the pioneering efforts of some travel operators to show the joy of going green (一些旅游经营者为展示绿色出行的乐趣所做的开创性努力)”和“Luxury camping specialists Feather Down Farms and Forest, for example, led the glamping (豪华野营) revolution. Digital platforms such as Under the Thatch and Canopy & Stars have made booking low-impact rural accommodations easier. Adventure operators such as TYF, Intrepid and Much Better Adventures set the agenda for sustainable outdoor relaxation. (豪华露营专家Feather Down Farms and Forest引领了豪华露营革命。像Under the Thatch和Canopy & Stars这样的数字平台使得预订低影响的乡村住宿变得更加容易。TYF、Intrepid和Better Adventures等探险运营商为可持续的户外休闲活动制定了议程。)”可知，作者提到一些旅游经营者的目的是展示他们对绿色出行的共同贡献。故选D。
30．词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“help travelers tell the genuinely green from (帮助旅行者区分真正的环保和)”和“ and Google, for instance, are working with not-for-profit Travalyst to flag up officially-approved and eco-certified hotels in their search results (例如，和谷歌正与非营利组织Travalyst合作，在搜索结果中标注官方认可和生态认证的酒店)”可知，许多旅游公司也开始提供工具，帮助旅行者区分真正的绿色和漂绿操作，也就是区分真正的环保和不环保，因此划线词greenwashing的意思是“对生态不友好”，和eco-unfriendly意思相近，故选A。
31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Taking an “eco-break” was once almost the same as a weekend’s hedge-laying or a summer spent conserving wildlife. Here is how things have changed: being a green traveler today is no longer restricted to one-off gestures but, rather, it’s a state of mind. (一度，“生态休息”几乎等同于周末铺树篱或夏天保护野生动物。如今的情况已经发生了变化：成为一名绿色旅行者不再局限于一次性的姿态，而是一种心态。)”，第二段“Such change has come about thanks to both a growing understanding of climate change and the pioneering efforts of some travel operators to show the joy of going green. (这种变化的出现，一方面得益于人们对气候变化的认识日益加深，另一方面得益于一些旅游经营者为展示绿色出行的乐趣所做的开创性努力。)”和第三段的“Dishonest and immoral businesses have also jumped on the “eco” travel wave, muddying the waters. (不诚实和不道德的企业也跳上了“生态”旅游的浪潮，把水搅浑了。)”可知，本文主要讲的是绿色旅行兴起的原因和遇到的问题，因此最好的标题是A选项“Going Green (走向绿色)”。故选A。
D篇
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Zeigarnik效应，以及出现这种情况的原因。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.(人们普遍认为，打断会打断你的思维，对工作效率产生负面影响，所以建议你在下次休息前进行一段不受打扰的高强度工作)”可知，完成一项任务的常见做法是精力集中地工作一段时间。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段的“It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!(结果表明，成年人对被打断的任务的记忆比完成的任务高出90%，而孩子们甚至更有可能回忆起未完成的任务。换句话说，未完成的任务会一直留在你的脑海，直到你完成它们!)”可知，Zeigarnik实验发现“中断”能提高记忆。选B。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的“In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. (与已经完成的任务和还没有开始的任务相比，完成了一半的项目在我们的大脑为我们勾画的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先级)”可知，Zeigarnik效应指的是完成了一半的项目在我们大脑的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先等级。由此推知，看电视连续剧是Zeigarnik效应应用的一个例子，因为电视连续剧的剧集有时间间隔，导致人们被“中断”，以至于时刻想着看剧这件事。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.(一种可能的解释是，对于被打断的任务，我们迫切希望结束它们，以恢复一种平衡感。完成它们也意味着我们最终可以清理心理上的积压，为更多即将到来的任务腾出空间)”可知，Zeigarnik效应可能的一个原因是渴望平衡。故选A。
七选五
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是结交朋友的方法。
36．空格前说“Most of us are looking to make regular friends and if possible, true, soul friends.(我们大多数人都想交普通的朋友，如果可能的话，真心的朋友)”可知，空格后介绍了几种方法，C选项“Here are some ways to get out there.(这里有一些方法可以让你达到目标)”引出了下面的方法，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
37．空格前说“We let chances to make friends pass us by every day.(我们每天都让交朋友的机会溜走)”可知，说我们不该让这样的机会溜走，要采取行动，空格后说“Instead of forcing a little small talk with your kindly neighbors, ask them in for a cup of tea and get to know them...(不要强迫你善良的邻居和你闲聊，而是请他们进来喝杯茶，了解他们……)”说的是具体可以采取的行动，因此G选项Have the courage to take small steps when opportunities arise(当机会来临时，有勇气迈出一小步)承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
38．空格处是本段的主题句，空格后说“Joining a group, club or class is an effective way to meet people. Pursue a skill you are enthusiastic about, because then you will have a good time and feel more at ease striking up a conversation.(加入一个团体、俱乐部或班级是认识人的有效方式。追求一项你感兴趣的技能，因为这样你会有一段愉快的时光，在开始一段对话时也会感到更轻松)”可知，本段主要讲的是要找到自己喜欢的事情，A选项“Follow your interests.(跟随你的兴趣)”概括了本段主题，符合语境。故选A。
39．空格后说“What if your overtures (主动表示) are rejected (如果你的提议被拒绝了怎么办？)”可知，空格处会说主动和人交朋友可能会害怕被人拒绝。D选项“It can be scary trying to make friends.(交朋友可能会让人害怕。)”说明了主动交朋友也许让人感到害怕，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
40．空格前说“Apps can be a good starting point, as can platforms.(应用程序可以是一个很好的起点，社交平台也一样。)”以及空格后说“The more we rely on apps, the less practice we have with the kinds of conversations and experiences that really allow us to create close friendships.(我们越是依赖应用程序，我们在真正能让我们建立亲密友谊的对话和体验方面的实践就越少。)”可知，空格处应说应用程序不能代替面对面的交流。E选项“But they do not replace personal interactions.(但它们不能取代个人互动。)”，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
完形填空
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛通过测试发现人类在社交方面比黑猩猩出色得多是因为人类的思维中有“共同意向性”，而黑猩猩的思维中却没有。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，科学家发现黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似。A. structures结构；B. responsibilities责任；C. policies政策；D. behaviors行为、举止。根据下文“Chimps will 2 in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory.”可知，黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似，故选D。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：黑猩猩会以某种方式合作，比如聚在一起在战争中保护自己的领地。A. conflict冲突；B. offend冒犯；C. cooperate合作；D. discuss讨论。根据下文“like gathering in war parties to protect their territory.”可知，黑猩猩会聚在一起在战争中保护自己的领地，这说明它们会互相合作，故选C。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，它们几乎没有互相帮助的本能。A. help帮助；B. contact联系；C. divide分开；D. trust信任。攻击上文“But”可知，这里的转折连词表明此处与前面说的互相合作相反，除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，它们几乎不会互相帮助。故选A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至黑猩猩妈妈也经常拒绝与孩子分享食物。A. manage设法做成；B. decline拒绝；C. attempt尝试；D. force迫使。攻击上文“But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 3 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.”可知，野生黑猩猩自己寻找食物，它们几乎不会互相帮助，所以黑猩猩妈妈也会拒绝与孩子分享食物，把食物只留给自己。故选B。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在实验室里，黑猩猩也不会自然地分享食物。A. curiously好奇地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. naturally自然地；D. carelessly粗心地。上文“But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 3 one another.”可知，说除了作为社会人的最低要求之外，黑猩猩几乎没有互相帮助的本能，在实验室里，它们也不会自然而然地分享食物。故选C。
46．考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果一只黑猩猩被关在笼子里，在那里它可以为自己拉进一盘食物，或者不费多大的力气就可以拉一盘食物给隔壁笼子的邻居，它只会随意拉——只是不在乎邻居是否被喂饱。A. in turn轮流；B. with care小心地；C. at random随意地、胡乱；D. in advance事先。根据下文“he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not.”可知，即使是毫不费力地拉一盘食物给隔壁的邻居，它也不会在乎邻居是否被喂饱，这说明它只是随意地拉。故选C。
47．考查介词短语辨析。另一方面，人类儿童从很小的时候就非常合作，他们决定帮助他人，分享信息，参与实现共同目标。A. all in all总而言之；B. as a result结果；C. in no case决不；D. on the other hand另一方面。根据上文“In the laboratory, chimps don’t 5 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 6 —he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.”和下文“are extremely cooperative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.”可知，上文介绍的是黑猩猩的行为，下文介绍的是人类的行为，与黑猩猩的行为形成对比，用on the other hand构成对比。故选D。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛在一系列针对幼儿的实验中研究了这种合作性。A. cooperativeness合作（性）；B. availability可用性；C. attack攻击；D. attractiveness吸引力。根据上文“From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.”可知，说人类儿童在很小的时候就知道合作，所以心理学家迈克尔托马塞洛在实验中研究了这种合作性。故选A。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有几个理由让我们相信，帮助、告知和分享的冲动不是教出来的，而是小孩子天生就有的。A. educated教育；B. possessed拥有；C. motivated激发；D. stimulated促进。根据上文“the urges to help, inform and share are not taught”可知，人类儿童很小的时候就知道合作的这些行为不是教出来的，而是生来就有的本能。故选B。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个理由是这些本能在很小的时候就出现了，在大多数父母开始训练他们的孩子学会社交之前。A. old旧的；B. young年轻的；C. middle中间的；D. late迟的。根据上文“the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，这些本能行为不是教出来的，而是生来就有的，所以是在人类很小的时候就出现了。故选B。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. creatively创造性地；B. formally正式地；C. competitively竞争地；D. socially社交方面。根据上文“There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，帮助、告知和分享都属于社交行为，此处指父母教他们的孩子学习社交之前，他们已经知道怎么做了。故选D。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个原因是，社会智力的发展早于一般认知能力的发展，至少与黑猩猩相比是这样。A. develops发展、养成；B. decreases减少；C. changes改变；D. disappears消失。根据上文“There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 9 in young children.”可知，人类儿童从很小的时候就知道合作和帮助，人们认为这是因为社会智力的发展早于一般认知能力的发展。故选A。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在托马塞洛进行的测试中，人类儿童在物理世界测试中并不比黑猩猩表现得更好，但在理解社交世界方面表现得要好得多。A. invisible看不见的；B. abstract抽象的；C. physical物质的、物理的；D. imaginary虚构的。根据下文“the social world”可知，与社会世界相对的应该是物理世界。故选C。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种能力的一部分是他们可以推断别人知道什么或正在想什么。A. infer推断；B. adapt适应；C. absorb吸收；D. balance平衡。根据上文“The core of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality.”可知，儿童思维中有托马塞洛所说的共同意向性，而黑猩猩的思维中却没有，这种能力会让人类儿童可以推断别人知道什么或正在想什么，所以他们从小就知道合作和分享。故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们积极寻求成为“我们”的一部分，一个致力于实现共同目标的团体。A. realistic实际的；B. shared共享的；C. specific特定的；D. ambitious野心勃勃的。根据上文“But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose.”可知，即使是很小的孩子也希望成为共同目标的一部分，所以他们会为实现加入有共同目标的团体而努力。故选B。
听力原文
1．【原文】M: The final exam was difficult. How many students have passed the math exam in your class
W: Only 20 students. That is to say, one third of the students passed the exam.
2．【原文】W: Would you like to fly a kite with me on such a fine day
M: I’d love to, but I need to find an apartment for my sister today. She decided to work in this city.
3．【原文】W: Peter, your room is a mess!
M: Bowen did it today. It’s none of my business.
W: He went to a summer camp yesterday. Did you forget it
4．【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. This seems to be my seat.
M: Oh, I’m sorry. My seat is next to yours. Are you here alone for the movie, too
5．【原文】M: Your apartment always looks so good, so spotless and mine is such a mess.
W: I’ve been at the lab all the week. It is my roommate’s doing.
6-7．【原文】M: Good morning, ma’am. May I help you
W: Yes. I’d like to check out now. My room number is 520.
M: One moment, please. Room 520. You are Anna Brown, correct You checked in on September 9, so you stayed here for four nights altogether.
W: That’s right.
M: OK, here’s your bill, Miss Brown.
W: I’m sorry, but why do I have to pay 20 extra dollars
M: Let me have a look. Oh, that’s for room service.
8-9．【原文】W: I think this white table and these chairs are suitable for our living room.
M: Yes. Oh, they are $3,000 in total. Why don’t we look at other tables and chairs
W: The shop assistant told me that she would give us a discount if we bought them today. And I don’t think we can find anything better than these.
M: Alright, you’re the boss. I’m going to pay for them. Then let’s buy an air conditioner later.
W: Well, I can’t wait to decorate our house.
10-12．【原文】M: Belinda, your skin looks so clear and smooth. What skin care products do you use
W: Actually there are no special products. I just changed my lifestyle.
M: What are they I’m very curious.
W: Well. My skin used to be very dry and dark, so I pay more attention to lotion and sunscreen. I must wear sunscreen before going out. Exposure to the sun ages the skin.
M: What about the diet
W: I often eat green vegetables, fruits and nuts. I gave up soda and only drink black coffee and water now.
M: Wow. You’re a strong-willed person. I can’t do that like you.
W: It’s not as difficult as you think. Besides, getting a good night’s sleep is a great way to improve skin. But it seems to me that regular exercise is more useful than anything else.
M: I got it. Thank you.
13．-16．【原文】M: Sherry, Dad and Mom were out. How about doing housework They’ll get a shock when they come back.
W: Forget it! You always talk much and do little while I always do everything each time. Mom asked us to help her air quilts and do the laundry last week, but I ended up doing all the work. Just like now, you would rather watch me water the flowers than help me. By the way, have you got my camera repaired
M: Er... Not yet. But I’d like to have some snacks first.
W: No. You won’t stop if you start eating. Let’s go to the supermarket now. Can you give me a hand with some heavy things when we get back
M: Of course. Let me just change a coat.
W: OK.
17-20．【原文】 Hello, I’m Harry. I’m here to talk about my work as a pilot for Emperor Airlines. Its headquarters are here in Texas and I moved here from California to take up the role last year. My love of flying started in childhood. My dad was a pilot so I traveled on planes from an early age. Later, I studied aeronautics at college in Ohio. I also joined a flying club to get a feel of flying a plane, which confirmed my flying career. After graduation, I got an opportunity with Emperor Airlines in California. It was a lengthy process with lots of training for trainee pilots. We learnt to tell the flight routes, work out the required fuel and so on. We were also trained to deal with emergencies. For example, we needed to make an emergency landing because of the sudden breakdown of an engine. That was the most difficult part of the training for me. Then I started at the bottom as a First Officer. Now I rank as a Senior First Officer. I like the view — my office window changes every day! And with the variety of passengers and crew I get to meet. Although I don’t come into as much contact with passengers as the flight crew, there’s never a boring moment.

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