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(共19张PPT)
青城英语课堂
Discovering Useful Structures
Welcome Unit
新人教版必修一一
Discovering Useful Structures
In this period, you are expected to:
Identify the elements and forms of 8 basic sentence structures
analyze the meaning of different structures
create your own sentences/ passages with target sentences structures.
补足语
主语
谓语
表语
定语
状语
宾语
同位语
Have you seen these terms（术语） before
Sentence
S(subject)
主语
Activity 1:Analyze the sentence structures.
A thousand- mile journey begins with the first step.
----- Laozi
Han Jing is not quite outgoing.
Who/What
什么人或什么事
句首
V(verb)谓语
中学教学中通常用prediate指代谓语动词
She made new friends during the break.
They are smiling.
说明主语“做什么”或 “怎么样”
放在主语的后面
表语是说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的句子成分。
P(predicative)
表语
Han Jing felt a little bit anxious.
The first maths class at senior high school was difficult.
O(object)
宾语
She never forget the first day at senior high school.
Teachers told them funny stories
during the class.
Students were listening to their
teacher.
IO
DO
表示行为的对象或结果
动词或介词后面
间宾
直宾
人见人爱
物有所值
O(object)
宾语
P(predicative)
表语
vs
Her new school is really beautiful.
Her new school has a wonderful environment.
O(object)
宾语
P(predicative)
表语
What’s the difference between object and predicative
She is a beautiful girl.
God helps those who help themselves.
The boy sitting at the back of the
classroomm was sleepy.
Attr.(attribute)
定语
对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用
形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。
Han Jing really wanted to tell her partner to be quiet and leave her alone.
She couldn’t concentrate in the science lab.
A(adverbial)
状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子
修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。
补充说明主语的行为对宾语造成的结果。
C (object complement)
宾语补足语
She found most of her classmates friendly and helpful.
The teacher encourages them to speak more English.
“宾语+宾语补足语”称为复合宾语。
1. We called him Dongming. (名词)
2. We saw him playing soccer. (现在分词）
3. We saw him play soccer. (省to不定式)
4. We found math difficult. (形容词)
5. Mom makes me study all day. (省to不定式)
红色部分为句子的宾语补足语：
S --- subject
V --- verb（predicate)
P --- predicative
O --- object
Attr.---attribute
A--- adverbial
C--- complement
app---appositive
补足语
主语
谓语
表语
定语
状语
宾语
同位语
Sentence elements/components/continents
DO
IO
direct object
indirect object
O(object)
P(predicative)
A(adverbial)
C (object complement)
Sentence structure Sentences
All of us laughed.
I miss my grandma.
I was a little bit nervous.
Our maths teacher told us a funny story.
I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
My chemistry partner talked too much.
I had my first maths class at senior high school.
There’s a lot to explore at senior high.
S(subject)
V(verb)
DO(direct object)
IO(indirect object)
Activity2: Study the sentence structures.
SV
SVO
SP
S V IO DO
SVOC
SVA
SVOA
There be…
O(object)
P(predicative)
A(adverbial)
C (object complement)
Sentence structure Sentences Your Sentences
SV All of us laughed.
SVO I miss my grandma.
SP I was a little bit nervous.
S V IO DO Our maths teacher told us a funny story.
SVOC I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
SVA My chemistry partner talked too much.
SVOA I had my first maths class at senior high school.
There be… There’s a lot to explore at senior high.
S(subject)
V(verb)
DO(direct object)
IO(indirect object)
Activity3:Imitate the structures, and create your own.
Homework
Finish the exercise 2 & 3 on Page 6, and review the 8 basic sentence structures.
1.构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。句子成分包括 、 、
、 、 、 和 等。
2.八种基本句式有什么？
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
主语＋谓语　主语＋谓语＋宾语　主语＋系动词＋表语　主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语　主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补　主语＋谓语＋状语　主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语　There be...结构
主语
谓语
表语
宾语
宾语补足语
定语
状语
一个句子一般由两部分构成：
即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。
课堂检测
3.英语中的常见系动词有： 动词、感官类动词(___________________
等)、表变化类动词(_________________________________
等)、表保持类动词( 等)，可充当表语的形式有： 、副词、名词、 、不定式、 、过去分词和从句。
4.双宾语由 和 组成。 是谓语动词的承受者，
表示谓语动作的方向(对谁做)或动作的目标(为谁做)，间接宾语紧接在 后，但它不能单独存在，它和 组成双宾语。
be
look，smell，taste，
feel，sound
get，become，turn，go，grow，
come
keep，stay，remain
形容词
介词短语
动名词
直接宾语
间接宾语
直接宾语
间接宾语
谓语动词
直接宾语
5.宾补补足语用来补充说明宾语的 、 或 。可作宾补的有 、 、副词、 、不定式、动词的现在分词、 等。平时常见常考的宾补结构有：
(1)ask，want，allow，advise，persuade等＋宾语＋ 作宾补；
(2)感官动词：__________________________________________
等＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补；
身份
地位
所处的状态
名词
形容词
介词短语
动词的过去分词
to do
see，watch，notice，observe，look at，feel，hear
(3)使役动词：let＋宾语＋ 作宾补；
make＋宾语＋ 作宾补；
have＋宾语＋ 作宾补。
注意：上述加省略to的不定式作宾补的动词如果变成被动语态，省掉的 要加上。
省略to的不定式
省略to的不定式/过去分词
省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词
to

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