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高考英语记叙文阅读
一、近年考察的记叙文及题型
二、常见高考记叙文结构特征
三、拉波夫叙事法分析记叙文篇章结构
文章出处 文章体裁 所属主题语境 话题 命题规律
2025年浙江1月首考 夹叙夹议 人与自我 （生活与学习） 家长在孩子饮食问题上的引导方式及影响 1.推理题 2.细节题
3.细节题 4.观点题
2024年新高考I卷 记叙文 人与自然 （动物保护与医疗） 美国兽医 Farber 将传统西医与整体医学结合治疗动物的实践与发展 1.推理题 2.细节题
3.主旨题 4.推理题
2024年新高考II卷 记叙文 人与社会 （公共服务与文化） 旧金山湾区快速交通系统（BART）设置小亭提供短故事，提升乘客体验 1.推理题 2.细节题
3.细节题 4.观点态度
2024年浙江卷1月 记叙文 人与社会 （社区生活与变化） 电话亭转变为迷你社区图书馆的经历及影响 1.词义猜测 2.细节题
3.细节题 4.细节题
2023年新高考I卷 记叙文 人与自然 （生态保护与创新） John Todd 受自然启发构建生态机器处理污水等的探索与实践 1.推理题 2.细节题
3.推理题 4.推理题
2023年新高考II卷 记叙文 人与社会 （教育与成长） Urban Sprouts 学校花园项目帮助学生培养多种能力，改变生活习惯 1.细节题 2.细节题
3.推理题 4.主旨大意
2023年全国甲卷 记叙文 人与自我 （生活技能与经验） Terri Bolton 擅长 DIY 的经历及 DIY 在生活中的作用和趋势 1.词义猜测 2.细节题
3.细节题 4.推理题
对细节理解、推理判断考察较多
定义
记叙文是指一种叙述__________、___________
的文章体裁，以______、______、写景状物为主要内容，以叙述和描写为表达方式。
事件的经过
人物经历及成就
写人
记事
分类
记事
写人
一次经历 (an experience)
一个故事 (a story)
人物故事 ( a man with great spirits )
名人传记 (biography)
根据题干关键信息大胆预测文章内容
解题策略
预测文章内容
抓题干定位词锁定命题句
根据篇章结构特点快速抓住主旨大意
记事
1．What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according
to Paragraph 1
2．Why was the author called to Muttontown
A．To rescue a woman. B．To take care of a woman.
C．To look at a baby owl. D．To cure a young owl.
3．What made the chick calm down
4．How would the author feel about the outcome of the event
抓题干定位词锁定命题句
观点态度主旨大意
首尾段topic sentence
细节理解
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works，it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
记叙文语篇模式
Summarize the main idea of each paragraph.
高考真题B篇
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
记叙文语篇模式
背景信息介绍
Para.1：background information and bring out the theme/topic.
According to the key words ,conclude the main idea of each paragraph.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived，I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
记叙文语篇模式
Para.2：beginning：to look at a baby owl
Para.3：development: to construct a nest
Para.4：development: and calm her down in it.
Para.5：climax高潮: help the chick to find its parents
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
记叙文语篇模式
Para.5：ending and conclusion
(1) What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to paragraph 1？
A. Feeling uncertain about his future．
B. Getting injured in his work．
C. Efforts made in vain．
D. Creatures forced out of their homes．
(2) Why was the author called to Muttontown？
A. To rescue a woman．
B. To take care of a woman．
C. To cure a young owl．
D. To look at a baby owl．
(3) What made the chick calm down？
A. Some food． B. A new nest． C. A recording． D. Its parents．
(4) How would the author feel about the outcome of the event？
A. It's beautiful． B. It's unexpected．
C. It's humorous． D. It's discouraging．
命题句1Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.
命题句2：I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine.
命题句4：However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！
命题句1：Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.
正确选项同意替换
命题句2：I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine.
命题句4：However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！
A．Efforts made in vain.
C．Feeling uncertain about his future.（干扰项）
C．To look at a baby owl.
D．To cure a young owl.（干扰项）
A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s beautiful. D. It’s discouraging.
记事类
bring out the topic点题
Ending
结局
conclusion升华主题
summary
Development
发展
beginning开端
Climax
高潮
:一次经历an experience
记叙文中细节理解题命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的______和__________________层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。
故事发展的顺序
脉络
根据题干关键信息大胆预测文章内容
预测文章内容
抓题干定位词锁定命题句
根据篇章结构特点快速抓住主旨大意
写 人
一、根据题干和选项信息大胆预测文章内容
预测文章内容
who; what; when; where; how; why
21. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor
22. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career
23. What does Nielsen's career story tell us
细节理解
推理题
2021年6月浙江卷A篇
①Leslie Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life-his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career（职业）in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
②But even then, what he had wasn't quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn't until 1980-32 years into his career-that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
③Did Nielsen then feel content in his career Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might he just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
④Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
P1：引出人物
P2-3：人物生平、成就
按时间顺序描写人物职业发展
P4：人物影响
Conclude the main idea of each paragraph.
21. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor
A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle. D. He felt he was good at acting.
22. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career
A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor.
23. What does Nielsen’s career story tell us
A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Where there‘s a will there’s a way.
命题句1：The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.
命题句2：That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers
命题句3：He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life. ”
写人记叙文篇章结构
引出人物
人物生平、成就等
按时间空间顺序记叙
人物影响
根据题干关键信息大胆预测文章内容
预测文章内容
抓题干定位词锁定命题句
根据篇章结构特点快速抓住主旨大意
summary
拉波夫
叙事模式
进展
complicating
指故事发展的经过，占据最大篇幅，包含一系列事件，同时包含事件的冲突和转折点
指向 orientation
指故事开始对时间、地点、任务极其活动或环境的描述，属于背景介绍。
点题
abstract
通常出现在首段，有标题的文章，标题就是点题
评议
evaluation
作者或叙述者对故事中事件和人物的看法、态度和评价，帮助读者理解事件的意义和价值。
结局
resolution
一系列事件的结束，人物的下场、目的实现与否。
回应
coda
通常是故事的结尾，它可能会给读者留下一些思考或启示，使故事的主题更加深刻。
拉波夫
叙事模式
what is the story about？
who when what where？
then what happened？
thoughts
What finally happened？
有时可能没有
美国语言学家威廉 拉波夫的叙事分析理论将一个完整的叙事结构划分为六大要素，即点题、指向、进展、评议、结局和回应（Labov, 1972）。他认为“一个完整的叙事模式以点题和指向开始，以进展为主体，用评议烘托气氛，以结局结束情节，最后用尾声将读者带回现实”。
注意:
“拉波夫”叙事结构
六要素并不总是同时
出现，也并不一定按
照固定的顺序出现。
比如没有“结局";"回
应"部分有时需要读
者总结。
一、根据题干和选项信息大胆预测文章内容
预测文章内容
24. What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph
25. Which of the following would Markey disapprove of
26. What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”
27. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following
推理题
细
节
题
2025浙江1月B篇
推理题
When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don‘t want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people. I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact.
According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.”
Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.
Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,‘says Markey. “Let them feel like they have some control over it.”
I’ve been trying out these strategies and I‘ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.”
摘要Abstract: 核心冲突
定位（Orientation）
时间：从作者童年到成为母亲后；
人物：作者、女儿、心理学家Charlotte Markey；
背景：家庭育儿中的饮食教育困境。
进展（Complicating）
心理学家的分析和建议
评价（Evaluation）隐性评价：通过心理学家观点（“少说多做”）批判传统干预式教育的潜在危害，肯定“责任分工法”的有效性。
结局（Resolution）作者尝试“责任分工法”→孩子逐渐自主做出健康选择。
尾声（Coda）强调“喂养是长期游戏”，暗示耐心与隐性教育的重要性。
命题句1：It really messed up my relationship with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people.
正确选项同意替换
命题句2：food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,”
命题句3：“Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.
B. She is critical of the way she was fed.
D. She is particular about what she eats.
C. Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks.
A. Make diet decisions on their own.
命题句4: I’ve been trying out these strategies and I‘ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions.
A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory.
I was recently on a crowded flight home from California, and holiday travel was busy and chaotic. I counted three different occasions of children having emotional breakdowns—one at the security checkpoint and two on the plane. I couldn’t help but notice people in line commenting, “Can’t that mom get a handle on her child ” “That kid needs some discipline! ”. . . These people seemed to suggest that these awful holiday travel circumstances should somehow be tackled with grace and ease.
To her credit, the mother of the toddler (学步儿童) in the security line kept her cool despite the sweat on her brow and her reddened face. As a mom who was constantly peppered with comments from well-intentioned friends who thought they were in possession of the recipe for perfect parenthood, I was all too familiar with her situation. I might have been one of those judgmental folks before having my own children. Today I’m much more understanding. Raising children is hard, and every child and family situation is extremely unique. The reality of our hustle-culture and the lack of resources prohibits many people from being the kind of parents they would really like to be. Judgment certainly isn't helpful, only causing a feeling of shame. As is echoed in the article Reimaging Shame, Author Jan Bonhoeffer states, “Left unexamined, shame can cloud our self-view, leaving us convinced that our worth is conditional. It whispers lies: ‘You’ll never be good enough. ’ And when shame continues, it can lead to self abandonment. ” The role of motherhood is both complex and challenging, so any attack on a mother will get her loaded with shame, and shame is disempowering. The last thing women need is more disempowerment.
Whoever coined the phrase, “Everyone you meet is facing an invisible battle. Be kind, ” was accurate. The least we can do is suspend our tendency to judge one another, replace it with a mindset of compassion, and resolve to do a better job empowering the other women in our lives through intentional action or advocacy.
abstract：引出故事的主题
orientation：时间地点人物（背景）
进展（Complication）：孩子在安检处和飞机上出现情绪崩溃，周围人对此表示不满并发出指责，而这位母亲在压力下努力保持冷静。这种冲突推动了故事的发展，引出了作者想要表达的核心问题。
评议（Evaluation）：作者反思自己在有孩子之前可能也会是那些评判他人的人，但现在认识到育儿艰难且每个家庭情况独特。还引用了文章《重新审视羞耻》中关于羞耻感危害的观点，强调对母亲的评判会让她们充满羞耻感，而羞耻感是不利的。这部分内容表明了作者的观点和态度，对整个事件进行了深入的思考和评价。
结局（Resolution）：作者呼吁大家摒弃评判他人的倾向，用同情心取代，通过实际行动或倡导来增强女性的力量。
24. What can be inferred from paragraph 1
A. It's easy to be an armchair critic. B. Bystanders see most of the game.C. There is no life without discipline. D. Criticism is a cornerstone to growth.
25. How does the author find her friends’ comments
A. Constructive. B. Informative. C. Unworkable. D. Misleading.
26. What does Jan Bonhoeffer stress in the article
A. The core concept of shame. B. The potential impact of shame.C. The true worth of self-views. D. The complex role of motherhood.
27. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A. Being non-judgmental toward mothers.
B. Maintaining a positive mindset at work.C. Empowering moms with multiple skills.
D. Acting swiftly to resolve hidden conflicts.
These people seemed to suggest that these awful holiday travel circumstances should somehow be tackled with grace and ease.
Judgment certainly isn't helpful, only causing a feeling of shame.
As is echoed in the article Reimaging Shame, Author Jan Bonhoeffer states, “Left unexamined, shame can cloud our self-view, leaving us convinced that our worth is conditional. It whispers lies: ‘You’ll never be good enough. ’ And when shame continues, it can lead to self abandonment. ”
“Everyone you meet is facing an invisible battle. Be kind, ” was accurate. The least we can do is suspend our tendency to judge one another, replace it with a mindset of compassion, and resolve to do a better job empowering the other women in our lives through intentional action or advocacy.
拉波夫要素 对应高考考点 解题策略
摘要 （Abstract） 主旨题（如“文章主要讲什么？”） 1. 首尾段定位法：首段冲突描述，尾段升华主题。2. 提取高频词或转折词后结论。
定位（Orientation） 细节题（如“故事的时间/地点/人物关系？”） 1. 快速扫描时间词、地点词、身份词
2. 关注人物对话或背景描写。
进展中的行动（Complicating Action） 细节题/因果推断题 （如“主人公为什么这样做？”） 1. 分析事件链（A→B→C）。
2. 分析叙述线索：时间顺序、地点转换、感情变化、事件的线索（2500美元的支票）
评价 （Evaluation） 态度题（如“作者对某现象的看法？”） 1. 抓取情感词（e.g., critical, amazed）
2. 分析反复出现的评价性表达或隐喻。
结局 （Resolution） 结果题（如“故事最终如何解决？”） 1. 对比冲突与结局，验证合理性。
2. 关注人物行动或环境变化。
尾声（Coda） 意图题（如“作者写结尾段的目的是？”） 总结和概括文章 1. 分析升华句的隐喻。
2. 关联社会意义或呼吁。
I never imagined that a single piece of paper could change my entire perspective on life. I was a librarian, a job that had defined my existence for over two decades. My days were spent among the quiet rows of books. I knew every corner of the library, every title on the shelves, and yet, I felt as if my own life was missing a chapter.
It was a typical Tuesday morning. I was sorting through a box of old donations, preparing to catalog some rare books, when I found a small, yellowed envelope between the pages of an ancient journal. It had no address, no stamp, and no indication of its origin. Curious, I carefully opened it.
The handwriting was elegant but faded, the ink barely visible against the paper. The letter read,
“Dear Stranger;
If you are reading this, know that you are not alone. Life has a way of making us feel isolated, as if our stories are insignificant. But every life matters. Every story is important. I hope the letter finds someone who needs to hear these words.
You are stronger than you think. You have the power to change your world, one small act at a time. Don‘ t be afraid to take risks, to follow your dreams, and to embrace the unknown. The greatest journeys begin with a single step.
With hope, A Friend”
I read the letter over and over, feeling a strange mix of emotions. The words resonated deeply within me, as if they were written specifically for me. I had always been content with my life, but lately, I felt a growing sense of restlessness. The library was my sanctuary (庇护所), but it had also become my prison. I had lost sight of my own dreams, my own story.
That evening, as I closed the library, I couldn’t shake the feeling that the letter was a sign. I had always been cautious, preferring the safety of routine to the uncertainty of change. But the letter reminded me that life was meant to be lived, not just observed.
摘要：需在续写中体现“改变”的完成
定位：图书馆环境、主角的职业与内心孤独
进展：发现信件→决定行动
评价：增加感官描写（触觉、嗅觉）
The next morning, I walked into the library director’s office, saying with resolution, “I have an idea.” Weeks later, the moveable library program started, bringing libraries to different communities.
Action 1: 提出移动图书馆计划（进展）
Conflict 1: 馆长质疑/预算不足（新冲突）
Evaluation 1: 主角的内心挣扎（回忆信件内容/触摸信纸质感）
Action 2: 寻求社区支持（进展升级）
Resolution: 项目成功启动（结果）
结果 & 尾声：提出想法→项目启动
Coda: 主角在移动图书馆中看到孩子读书（象征希望）
与信中提到的激励呼应
Jack leaned against his apartment’s kitchen counter, gazing at the growing mountain of bills. Despite the city‘s promise of opportunities, he struggled with a low-paying job and high expenses. Every month felt like a battle to make ends meet. He missed the warmth of Mr. Thompson‘s old house, where every tenant(租户) felt like family and Mr. Thompson treated each tenant with constant kindness.
One cool autumn day, as Jack sorted through his mail, mostly consisting of bills and advertisements, a plain white envelope caught his eye. The return address belonged to Mr. Thompson. Heart pounding with curiosity, Jack tore it open. Inside, a check for $2,500 and a handwritten note fell into his hands.
“Dear Jack,
I hope this letter finds you well. I’ve recently sold the old house, and it felt only right to share a portion of the proceeds with those who made it a home. Over the years, watching young people like you grow and pursue their dreams has been my greatest reward. Your presence brought joy and warmth to our community. I wish you all the best.” Warm regards, Thompson”
Jack‘s eyes welled up with tears of gratitude. This unexpected windfall was more than just money—it was a lifeline, a ray of hope in his struggles. The gesture reminded him of all the times Mr. Thompson had shown similar kindness to his tenants, from helping with repairs to offering wise advice during difficult times.
The check trembled in Jack’s hand. It could fix everything, he thought—the unpaid rent, the empty fridge, and the endless fear. But his chest tightened. Memories of his father‘s lectures echoed: “Never depend on others. Stand on your own.” Jack had promised to prove himself in the city, yet here he was, drowning.
Mr. Thompson‘s words warmed him, but doubt crept in. Was it a charity case He needed answers—not from the money, but from the man who sent it.
Jack paced, the check glaring from the table. He imagined Mr. Thompson‘s kind eyes. This isn’t pity, Jack reasoned. It’s…thanks.
经济困境与情感回忆的对比
时空、人物和背景
进展：收到信件
情感评价
道德评价
结局：通过人物心理转变实现叙事闭合
Anyway, Jack was determined to express his gratitude in person.
Inspired by Mr. Thompson’s words, Jack knew what to do next.
摘要（Abstract）：杰克在城市中面临经济困境，为低薪工作和高额账单发愁。此时，他收到了曾经房东汤普森先生的来信，信中附带一张 2500 美元的支票，这一意外之财引发了杰克内心的纠结与思考，也推动他决定采取下一步行动。
指向（Orientation）：地点主要是杰克的公寓。时间为一个凉爽的秋日。人物有杰克以及曾给予他温暖的房东汤普森先生。通过这些信息搭建起故事的基本背景。
进展（Complication）：杰克经济窘迫，生活艰难。在收到汤普森先生的支票后，他一方面感激这笔钱能解决燃眉之急，另一方面又因父亲 “独立自主” 的教诲而内心纠结，对接受这笔钱是否意味着接受施舍产生怀疑，这种内心冲突构成了故事的主要发展情节。
评议（Evaluation）：杰克回忆起汤普森先生过往的种种善举，意识到这并非单纯的怜悯，而是一种感恩与回馈。同时，他也在自我反思，思考自己在城市中奋斗的意义以及与他人帮助的关系，展现了对事件的深度思考。
结局（Resolution）：杰克决定亲自向汤普森先生表达感激之情，这一决定表明他在经过内心挣扎后，找到了应对这一情况的方式，为故事提供了一个阶段性的解决方案。
回应（Coda）：“Inspired by Mr. Thompson’s words, Jack knew what to do next.” 这句话暗示杰克后续会有基于此次经历的行动，虽然未明确具体内容，但给读者留下想象空间，强化了故事中汤普森先生的善举对杰克产生积极影响这一核心主题。
Thank you !
2022年全国甲卷C篇
①As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
②Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
③After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn‘t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
④In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she‘d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
⑤The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.
P1：点题：简要介绍Ginni到南极洲旅行。
P2-4：故事开端、发展、结局。
按时间发展顺序来展开故事
P5：主题升华：Ginni通过这趟南极洲之旅意识到人类应该敬畏这片土地。
29. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica
A. Lovely penguins. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare. D. A friend’s invitation.
题干问的是什么让Ginni 决定去南极洲旅行，考察的是故事的开端、发展部分，那就可以锁定答案应该在二三两端。从第三段And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. 可知答案是C
30. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey
A. It could be a home for her. B. It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved. D. It needs to be fully introduced.
题干问的是南极洲旅行结束后，Ginni的感受，考察的是故事的结局、主题升华部分，那就可以锁定答案应该在最后面。从第五段The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.可知答案是C
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