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被动语态专题 【学习目标】 学习和掌握被动句的基本结构和主、被动句的相互转换关系 【学习重点、难点】 重点： 被动句的基本结构 难点： 主、被动句的相互转换 【学习过程】 课堂任务一： 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示____和_____的关系。语态有两种：____语态和______语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。 主动句与被动句的关系 主动句： 动作的执行者（主语） + 谓语动词 + 动作的承受者（宾语） He opened the door. 被动句：动作的承受者（主语）+ be + 动词的过去分词 + by + 动作的执行者 The door was opened by him. 注意： (1) 有时 by短语可以省略。 （2）主动句的时态是由谓语动词来体现的，而被动句的时态是由be动词来体现的。掌握了被动句的基本结构和主、被动句的相互转换关系，在考试中就可以不变应万变。 被动语态在各时态下谓语动词的变化详解 一般现在时的被动语态：am／is／are done 一般过去时的被动语态：was／were done 【例句展示】 1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter _____ by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. → The broken bike _____ by Li Lei this morning. 【趁热打铁】 ( )1. Many trees and flowers in our school last year, and they made our school a beautiful garden. A. plant B. planted C. have planted D. were planted ( )2. The Olympic Games every four years. A. are held B. were held C. are holding D. will hold 现在进行时，过去进行时的被动语态 现在进行时的被动语态： was/were being done 过去进行时的被动语态： was/were being done 【例句展示】 1. Lucy is writing a letter now. → A letter _______________ by Lucy now. 2. The Greens were cleaning their house at 10 o’clock yesterday. → The Greens’ house ________________ by them at 10 o’clock. yesterday. 【趁热打铁】 The nurse was taking care of the sick man when I saw her. → ( )2. A new house ___ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building 现在完成时，过去完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态： have/ has been done 过去完成时的被动语态： had been done 【例句展示】 1. He has written two novels so far. → Two novels ________________ by him so far. 2. John had finished his homework today. →John’s homework _______________ by him today. 【趁热打铁】 ( )1.These papers___ yet.
A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written ( )2.I’ve told the old man his money _____ by the policemen. has been found B. have been found C. have found out D. has found 一般将来时的被动语态：will be done 过去将来时的被动语态：should ／would be done 【例句展示】 They will plant ten trees tomorrow. → Ten trees _______________by them tomorrow. ( )1. Computer ____ in everyday life in this country before long（很快）. A. is used B. will use C. will be used D. was used ( )2. The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.
A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt
含情态动词的被动语态 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be done 【例句展示】 You must lock the door when you leave. → The door _______________ when you leave. 【趁热打铁】 ( )1. You must lock the door when you leave. → ( )2. I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should to go to bars(酒吧). A. allow B. be allowing C. be allowed D. not allow ( )3. The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.
A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended ( )4. I think the sick boy must _____ to the hospital as soon as possible. A. be taken B. been taken C. being taken D. take 总结：八大时态下的被动语态概况 一般现在时的被动语态：_____________ 一般过去时的被动语态：_____________ 现在进行时的被动语态：_____________ 过去进行时的被动语态：_____________ 现在完成时的被动语态：_____________ 过去完成时的被动语态：_____________ 一般将来时的被动语态：_____________ 过去将来时的被动语态：_____________ 含情态动词的被动语态：_____________ 注意被动语态的几个特殊情况： 一、带双宾语的两种被动语态形式： ① 把指人的间接宾用作被动句的主语，如： She gave me a book. I was given a book by her. ② 把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词to或for, 如： She gave me a book. A book was given to me by her. She bought me a present. A present was bought for me by her. 如：Her mother gave her a new pen．（变被动语态） A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother． 二、无to不定式变为被动时加上to 一感觉feel 二听listen to，hear 三让 let，have，make 四看watch. see，look at，notice 如：1. We often see him play basketball. →He_____ often_____ _____play basketball by us. 2.The boss made the children work for long. →The children _____ _____ _____ work for long by the boss. 三、无被动语态的动词 appear, die(死亡),disappear（消失）, happen，take place，break out（爆发）, come true等及感官动词：feel, taste, smell, sound, look 课堂达标 一、单项选择 （ ）1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read
（ ）2.When____ the accident _____
A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened
（ ）3.The lab ____ about five years ago. A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
（ ）4. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up
（ ）5. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken
（ ）6.A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on
（ ）7.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned
（ ）8. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
（ ）9. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked
（ ）10. Wu Dong ______ the new words yesterday. A．made to copy　B．was made to copy C．was made copy D．made copy （ ）11. Every Christmas some presents ______ Tom by his relatives. A．buy　　　B．are bought to C．are bought for　　D．buy for （ ）12.During the past twenty years great changes ______ in our hometown. A．have taken place 　B．have been taken place C．took place　　 D．were taken place 二、用括号内词的适当形式填空 1. Trees ___________ ( plant ) by us in spring every year. 2. The house _________( build ) last year. 3. Li Ming will ________ ( ask ) to attend the lecture. 4. A new building ____________ (build) in our school now. 5. The road were ______________ ( repair ). 6. He has _________ ( send ) to work in Guangzhou. 7. The work _________________ ( finish ) when I got there. 8. The scientist would _________ ( invite ) to visit Iraq. 三、把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子： 1. They speak English in Canada . 2. People used wood for making tables. 3. They are making computers in the USA. 4. They have grown rice in South China. 5. We must plant more trees next year. 6. I am going to clean our classroom tomorrow. 7. He makes the girl stay at home. ………………………………………………………………………. 学习反思

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