Unit 6 Seasons知识点讲练 译林版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 6 Seasons知识点讲练 译林版(2024)英语八年级上册

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8A Unit6 Seasons 知识点讲练
1. With the changing seasons come new beginnings.(P78) 随着季节的更替,新的开始随之而来。
With(介词)+ the changing seasons(名词短语,作介词宾语)+ come(谓语动词)+ new
beginnings(主语)。
本句为倒装句,正常语序:New beginnings come with the changing seasons. 因主语“new
beginnings”较短,用倒装使句子更平衡。如:
- With the rising sun comes a new day.随着太阳升起,新的一天到来。
- With the passing years come more life experiences.随着岁月流逝,更多人生阅历随之而来。
2. Time flies and seasons change. (P78)时光飞逝,四季更迭。
- Time flies:固定表达,意为“时光飞逝”,是口语和书面语中常用的感叹语,无被动形式。
如:Time flies when you're having fun(开心的时候时光飞逝)。
Welcome to the unit---Weather and seasons 欢迎来到本单元---天气与季节
1. The weather is very pleasant in autumn. It's the best time to play football outside. (P79)秋天的
天气非常宜人,是在外面踢足球的最佳时节。
- pleasant:形容词,意为“令人愉快的、舒适的”,侧重描述天气、环境或体验让人感觉惬
意;多指令人愉快的内在的本质的东西。如:The pleasant breeze makes me relaxed.宜
人的微风让我很放松。It was a pleasant surprise to see her again.再次见到她真是又惊又
喜。
区别:pleased/ pleasing / please /pleasure
pleased adj. 高兴的;喜欢的;乐意做某事。v. 满意;愿意(please 的过去分词形式)。结构
为:be pleased to do something; be pleased about /with…; be pleased that 从句;如:
He is very pleased with the progress we are making.他对我们工作的进展很满意。
pleasing adj. 令人愉快的;讨人喜欢的;合意的。v. 取悦(please 的现在分词);pleasing
多指外在的表面的东西。如:
She has got a pleasing voice. 她的声音很悦耳。
The food is pleasing to my taste.这饭菜正合我的口味。
please 动词,“使高兴,使喜欢,取悦”。短语 please somebody 使某人高兴。
int. 请(礼貌用语)[interjection 感叹词] 如:
I am pleased that you have a new job.我很高兴你有了一个新工作。
Please do it at your leisure. 请你在空暇时间做一下。
pleasure 名词,“快乐,愉快,满意,高兴,愉快的事情,娱乐,乐趣” 。常用搭配:
for pleasure 为了取乐 take pleasure in 以……为乐趣
with pleasure 当然了,很愿意。用于客气地接受或同意做别人请求的事。如:
It is a pleasure for me to live with you.和你一起生活,对我来说是件愉快的事情。
May I have the pleasure dancing with you 我可以和你跳舞吗?
- 句型“it's the best time to do sth”中 it 是形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式短语 to play
football outside,该句型用于强调“做某事的最佳时间”,避免句子头重脚轻。best 是形容词
good 的最高级,前面需加定冠词 the,后常接 “to do sth” 或 “for (doing) sth”。如:This
is the best time for traveling.这是旅行的最佳时间。
The air is fresh in spring. It's the best time to plant trees in the park.春天的空气很清新,是在
公园种树的最佳时间。
The temperature is cool in winter. It's the best time to make snowmen with friends.冬天的气
温很凉爽,是和朋友堆雪人的最佳时间。
2. What is the weather like today (P79)今天的天气如何?
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= How is the weather today // How's the weather today
Reading---A poem about seasons 阅读---一首关于四季的诗
Seasons of the year 一年的四季
1.Winter days are full of snow, (P80)冬日里满是皑皑白雪,
be full of 表“充满……”,后接名词,是描述事物状态的常用搭配,相当于 be filled with.
如:The box is full of books. =The box is filled with books.盒子装满了书。
2.When trees and flowers forget to grow, (P80)树木和花草不再生长,
when 引导时间状语从句,修饰前文“冬季”;
forget to do sth.表“忘记要做某事”;forget doing sth. 表“忘记曾做过某事”;如:
I forgot to close the windows this morning.今天早上,我忘记关窗户了。
She forgot locking the door.她忘了已锁了门。
3. And the birds fly far away
To find a warm and sunny day. (P80)鸟儿远飞,去寻觅温暖而阳光明媚的日子。
动词不定式短语(to find a warm and sunny day)作目的状语,说明鸟儿“飞向远方”的目
的,逻辑上“to do”表“为了……”。如:He goes out to buy milk. 他出去买牛奶。
4. A perfect time to fly a kite! (P80)是放风筝的绝佳时刻!
省略句,完整表达为“It’s a perfect time to fly a kite!”,其中“it”是形式主语,真正主语
是“to fly a kite”,避免句子头重脚轻;“to fly a kite”是不定式作后置定语,修饰 time。
5. Then hide from the April showers. (P80)随后便躲避开四月的阵雨。// Spring rain doesn't
usually last long, so we call it a shower. (P83) 春雨通常不会持续太久,所以我们称之为阵
雨。
hide vi. &vt. 躲避; vt. 藏;hid(过去式)//hiding(现在分词); hide from 表“躲避……”,
是固定搭配,如:hide from the rain 躲雨;Thick grey clouds hid the sun.浓密的乌云遮住了
太阳。
shower n.阵雨; a heavy shower 一阵大雨;light showers 小阵雨;take/have a shower(n.淋浴)
洗淋浴;冲澡;
6. Those sweet memories of summer days
Are about quiet streams and trees and shade, (P81)
那些夏日里的甜蜜回忆,它们围绕着静谧的溪流、树木和树荫。
//I have wonderful memories of making snowmen with my friends. (P83) 我和朋友们堆雪人
的美好回忆让我难以忘怀。
//I like to play on the grass beside the stream with my friends and sit under the shade of trees.
(P83) 我喜欢和我的朋友们一起在河边草地上玩耍,坐在树荫下。
memory n.回忆;记性;记忆力; pl. memories;如:We have many happy memories of our
childhood.我们有许多关于童年的美好回忆。have a good/bad memory 记忆力好/差;When a
man gets old, his memory gets worse.当一个人老了,他的记性就变差了。I have a memory
of playing in the park with my friends when I was young.我记得小时候和朋友们在公园里玩
耍。
stream n.小河,溪;v. 涌出,流出,射出;流,淌,流动;使流,使流出。如:
On either bank of the stream stand rows of willow trees.小河两岸柳树成行。
They streamed out of the cinema.他们涌出电影院。
shade n. (树) 荫;【UC】;v. 为…遮阳;使阴暗;使暗淡;如:
I need some shade.我需要点阴凉。
Umbrellas shade outdoor cafes.露天小餐馆撑伞遮阳。
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7. Lazy afternoons by a pool, (P81)慵懒的午后在泳池边度过,
// When it rains, I enjoy spending a lazy afternoon on the sofa and reading my favourite books.
(P83) 下雨时,我喜欢在沙发上度过一个慵懒的下午,阅读我最喜欢的书籍。
lazy adj.慵懒的,懒惰的;pool n.水塘,池塘;sofa n.长沙发;如:
The lazy afternoon made everyone feel sleepy.这慵懒的午后让每个人都感到困倦。
The lazy boy didn’t do his homework.那个懒惰的男孩没做作业。
8. And eating ice cream to feel cool. (P81)而且吃冰淇淋来感受凉爽。
“eating ice cream”是动名词短语,与前文“quiet streams...”并列作“about”的宾语;“to
feel cool”是动词不定式作目的状语,说明“吃冰淇淋”的目的是“感到凉爽”。
9. Then autumn leaves turn brown, 接着,秋叶转为褐色,
Fall into piles upon the ground. (P81)堆积在地面上。
turn brown “变成棕色”,turn 是系动词,后接形容词表“(颜色/状态)变化”,同类搭
配:leaves turn red(叶子变红)。
pile n. 堆;upon prep. 在……上;fall into 表“落入/变成……状态”,“upon the ground”
=“on the ground”,是介词短语作状语,表“落在地上”;句子承前省略主语“autumn leaves”,
避免重复。
10. Farmers work to harvest crops, (P81)农民们忙着收割庄稼。// When autumn comes, it is the
time to harvest. (P83) 秋天到来时,是收获的季节。// The farmers are busy with their crops
in the fields. (P83) 农民们忙着在田里收割庄稼。
动词不定式 to harvest crops 作目的状语,说明农民“劳作”的目的是“收割庄稼”。
harvest vt. &vi. 收割(庄稼);n. 收成,收获,收割,产量; crop n.庄稼,作物;如:
Next week they will harvest (v.) the corn.他们下星期收割玉米。
We all helped the harvest (n.).我们都帮忙收割。
be busy with sth.= be busy doing sth.;表示“忙于某事”; 如:She is busy with her
homework.= She is busy doing her homework.
注意:be busy with sth. 可与程度副词,如 very、quite、 really 等连用,加强语气,也可
与 all day、all the time 等表示时间的短语搭配,说明忙碌的持续时间。如:
He is very busy with his business.他非常忙于他的生意。
She is busy with housework all day.他一整天都忙于家务。
11. As the days get shorter and the temperature drops. (P81)随着日子的缩短和温度的下降,//
In winter, it is often very cold, and the temperature can drop below zero. (P83) 冬天通常非常
寒冷,温度可能会降到零度以下。
as conj.当……时,随着,因为;as 引导时间状语从句,表“随着……”;从句中“get shorter
”“drops”分别为“主系表” 和“主谓”结构,用“and”并列,体现变化的同步性。如:
She smiled as she opened the gift. 她打开礼物时笑了。(当……时)
As the sun rose, birds sang. 太阳升起时,鸟儿鸣叫。(随着)
As it snowed, we stayed home. 由于下雪,我们待在家里。(因为)
She worked as a teacher. 她是一名老师。(介词:作为;如同)
She is as talented as her brother.她和她哥哥一样有才能。(副词:和……一样,如同)
temperature n.温度;体温;常为不可数名词。如:
When summer comes, the temperature gets higher and higher.当夏天到来时,温度变得越来越
高。
take one’s temperature 量体温。
The doctor advised him to take his temperature every hour.医生建议他每小时量一次体温。
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12. Soon the snowy season will begin, 冰雪季节很快就要开始,
And it will be a new year once again. (P81)而新的一年也将再度到来。
snowy 是 名词+y 构成的形容词(snow→snowy),表“有雪的”;同类词如“windy”
“rainy”“sunny”“cloudy”等等。
“it will be + 名词”是一般将来时的常用结构,“it”无实际意义,仅作形式主语,表“(时
间上)将是……”;“once again”是副词短语,表“再次”。如:
It will be a good day tomorrow. 明天会是美好的一天。
Facts once again give the lie to the fallacy.事实再一次揭穿了这一谎言。
13. The weather is perfect at this time of year. (P83) 这个时候的天气非常完美。
主系表结构(The weather 主语;is 系动词;perfect 表语);“at this time of year”是时间
介词短语作状语,表“在一年中的这个时候”,指代前文的“秋天”。
Grammar---Verbs and sentence structures (1) 语法---动词和句子结构 (1)
1.The wind is blowing hard. (P84)风很大。
blow vi. & vt.吹,刮; 吹(气) ;主谓结构(The wind 主语;is blowing 谓语),时态为现在
进行时(be + 动词-ing),表“正在发生的动作”。
2. Autumn leaves turn golden brown. (P84)秋天的树叶变成了金黄色。
主谓表结构(Autumn leaves 主语;turn 系动词;golden brown 表语)。
3. The sun shines. The birds sing among flowers. (P85)阳光普照,鸟儿在花丛中歌唱。
shine vi. 发光,照耀;n.光亮;光泽;光彩;擦亮; shiny adj. 光亮的;反光的;如:
The sun is shining brightly.今天阳光格外明媚。
Now her hair has taken on a healthy shine.现在她的头发呈现健康的色泽。
The shiny surface of the table reflected the light.桌子光亮的表面反射着光。
The birds sing among flowers.主谓结构(The birds 主语;sing 谓语),一般现在时表常态。
“among flowers”作状语,表“在花丛中”,“among”用于三者及以上的“在……之中”,
区别于“between”(两者之间)。
4. The flowers smell wonderful. (P85)这些花散发着香气。
主谓表结构(The flowers 主语;smell 系动词;wonderful 表语)。
smell linking v.有(或发出)气味; smell + adj. ;n.气味;味道;闻;嗅;迹象;如:
The flowers smell sweet.花朵散发芳香。
What is your favourite smell 你最喜欢什么味儿?
Word power ---The suffix -y 词汇的力量---后缀 -y
1. The heat of the sun makes people sleepy in the afternoon. (P86)太阳的热量让人在下午感到困
倦。主谓宾宾补结构(The heat of the sun 主语;makes 谓语;people 宾语;sleepy 宾语补
足语);“sleepy”是 sleep +y 构成的形容词,表“困倦的”,用“make sb. + 形容词”结
构表“使人处于某种状态”;“in the afternoon”是时间状语,限定“困倦”的时间。
heat n.热; 热量;[UC] v. (使)变热;(使)激动;hot adj. 热的;如:
I can't walk about in this heat.我不能在这种酷热下走路。
We'll heat some water to wash clothes.我们会热点儿水洗衣服。
It’s very hot today. 今天非常热。
2. The sudden heavy rain may bring lots of problems. (P86) 突如其来的大雨可能会带来很多问
题。
sudden adj.突然的 suddenly adv.突然地;如:
A sudden noise made Ben jump.一声突然的响声吓了本一跳。
It was all very sudden.一切都非常突然。
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Suddenly, she looked ten years older.突然间,她看起来老了 10 岁。
Everything changed so suddenly.一切都变得如此突然。
3. People are lucky to enjoy the pleasant weather in this season. (P86) 人们在这个季节享受宜人
的天气而感到幸运。
主系表+不定式结构(People 主语;are 系动词;lucky 表语;“to enjoy...”是不定式作原
因状语,表“有幸做某事”);
4. They are happy and noisy on snowy days. (P86) 他们在下雪的日子里快乐而吵闹。
主系表结构(they 主语;are 系动词;happy and noisy 并列形容词作表语);“on snowy days
”是时间状语,表“在下雪天”,说明孩子“开心吵闹”的场景。
5. It is sometimes foggy in autumn and winter. (P86)秋天和冬天有时会雾蒙蒙的。
it 指代“weather”(天气);“sometimes”是频率副词,表“有时”;“foggy”是形容词作
表语,表“有雾的”,为“名词+y”构成的天气形容词(fog→foggy);“in autumn and winter
”是时间状语,限定“有雾”的季节。
6. Heavy fog is not healthy for people. (P86)浓雾对人们来说是不健康的。
主系表结构(Heavy fog 主语,“heavy”作定语修饰“fog”,表“浓的”;is 系动词;not
healthy 表语);be healthy for 表“对……健康有益”,否定式“be not healthy for”表“对……
不健康”,如:“Junk food is not healthy for kids”(垃圾食品对孩子不健康)。
Integration---Seasons around the world 综合---世界各地的四季
Part A
1. They divided the year into 24 parts-these are the 24 Solar Terms. (P87)他们把一年分为 24 个
部分,这就是 24 个太阳节气。
divide vt. & vi.(使) 分开、分成; divide ... into ...把…分成… ;如:
She divided the cake into 8 pieces.她把蛋糕分成 8 块。
破折号(—)用于补充说明,后面分句“these are the 24 Solar Terms”解释前文“24 parts”
的具体所指,避免歧义。
2. The terms start with the Beginning of Spring and end with the Major Cold. (P87)节气始于立春,
止于大寒。
end vi.&vt.结束,终止;n. 末端;尽头;末尾;含 end 的短语:in the end 最后; at the end
of…在……末尾; near the end of… 在……快要结束时;by the end of…到……为止; start
with...and end with... 是固定结构,表“以……开始,以……结束”,清晰界定节气的起止
范围;
“the Beginning of Spring”(立春)、“the Major Cold”(大寒)是专有名词,首字母需大写,
为二十四节气中的具体名称。
3. Today many farmers still use the 24 Solar Terms to help decide what to do in their fields. (P87)
今天,许多农民仍然使用 24 节气来帮助决定在他们的田地里做什么。
“to help decide...”是不定式作目的状语,表“用节气来帮助决定……”;“what to do”是“ 疑
问词+不定式”结构,作“decide”的宾语,相当于“what they should do”,使句子更 简洁。
4. The terms also have important cultural meanings beyond farming. (P87)这些术语还具有农业
以外的重要文化意义。
beyond prep.超出,除…之外;如:This book is beyond my understanding.这本书超出了我的
理解范围。“important cultural meanings”(重要的文化意义)是名词短语,“cultural”作定
语修饰“meanings”。
5. Some of them are connected with traditional festivals. (P87)有些与传统节日有关。
connect vt.把…联系起来;vt.&vi.(使)连接; connection n. 关系; 联系; 关联; 连接;
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be connected with 与…有联系;如:His success is connected with hard work.他的成功与努力
有关。
6. They have had a positive effect on Chinese culture for thousands of years. (P87)几千年来,它
们对中国文化产生了积极的影响。
positive adj.正面的;积极的,肯定的; 反义词: negative adj. 负面的;消极的;否定的;
effect n.影响,结果; affect v. 影响; 如:
have an effect on... 是固定搭配,表“对……有影响”,“positive”是形容词作定语,修饰“effect”,
表“积极的”,如:Pollution has a bad effect on health.污染对健康有不良影响。
Part C
7. How are you doing (P89)你近来好吗?
交际用语:口语中常用的问候语,表“你近来好吗?”,与“How are you ” 含义相近,
但更随意,适合家人、朋友之间,回答通常用“I’m fine/OK”等。
8. The weather is so awful. (P89) 天气太糟糕了。
awful adj.糟糕的,极讨厌的; 形容词修饰“weather”,语气比“bad”更强,如:The food tastes
awful.这食物太难吃了。
9. You'd better not go out. I can order things for you online, Grandpa. (P89) 你最好不要出去。我
可以帮你在线订购东西,爷爷。
You'd better (not) do sth 固定建议句式,“You'd better”=“You had better”,表“你最好(不
要)做某事”,语气委婉,用于给对方贴心建议,如:You'd better take an umbrella.你最 好
带把伞。
order vt. & vi.订购; n. 点单; 所订的货物;如:
10. Thanks, Simon. I can manage. (P89) 谢谢,西蒙。我能应付得来。
交际用语:“Thanks”是对帮助的简洁感谢;“I can manage”是口语表达,表“我自己能应
付/处理”,既委婉拒绝过度帮助,又不让对方担心,如:Don’t worry about me—I can manage.
别担心我,我能行。
11. Feel free to call us if you need help. Take care, Grandpa. (P89) 如果你需要帮助,随时给我
们打电话。保重,爷爷。
Feel free to do sth 是口语化建议,表“随时可以做某事”,此处指“需要帮助时随时打电话”,
语气轻松友好;
“if you need help”是条件状语从句,表“如果需要帮助”,补充说明“打电话”的前提。
“Take care”是告别时的常用语,表“保重”,适合对长辈或关心的人说。
Part D2
12. It is very cold, and everyone has to wear thick warm clothes, but I always enjoy winter here in
Harbin. (P90) 它非常寒冷,每个人都必须穿厚实的保暖衣物,但我在哈尔滨的冬天总是很
享受。
多重复合句,用 and 连接“天气冷”与“穿厚衣服”的顺承关系,再用 but 转折,突出
“虽冷但喜欢”的态度,逻辑层次清晰。
have to 表“不得不、必须”,强调因天气寒冷而产生的客观需求,区别于“must”(主观
意愿);“thick warm clothes”中“thick(adj. 厚的; 浓的;)”“warm”为并列形容词,修
饰“clothes”。
13. The temperature is usually below zero, and it is often snowy. (P90) 温度通常在零度以下,而
且经常下雪。
“below zero”是固定表达,表“低于零度”,是描述冬季低温的常用短语;“snowy”为“ 名
词+y”构成的形容词,表“下雪的”,对应前文“cold”,进一步说明天气特征。
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14. Everything is covered in deep white snow. Even the lakes and rivers are frozen. (P90) 一切都
覆盖着厚厚的白雪。甚至湖泊和河流都结冰了。
be covered in 是固定搭配,表“被……覆盖”,如“The ground is covered in leaves”(地面被
树叶覆盖);“deep white snow”中“deep”(厚厚的)、“white”(白色的)为并列形容词,
修饰“snow”。“frozen”为形容词,表“结冰的”,是动词“freeze”的过去分词转化而来,
描述河湖的状态。
15. We throw snowballs at each other, running and laughing. (P90) 我们互相扔雪球,跑着笑着。
-主谓宾结构(We 主语;throw 谓语;snowballs 宾语);“at each other”为介词短语作状
语,表“互相”,说明“扔雪球”的对象。
-非谓语动词:“running and laughing”是现在分词短语作伴随状语,表“扔雪球时同时在跑
和笑”,体现动作的伴随状态,使句子更生动。
16. We also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses. (P90) 我们还堆雪人,用胡萝卜做他
们的鼻子。
make snowmen 是固定搭配,表“堆雪人”(复数形式,因通常堆多个或泛指);“use sth for
sth”表“用某物做某物”,此处指“用胡萝卜做雪人的鼻子”,“their”指代“snowmen”。
17. There are beautiful ice sculptures everywhere. (P90)到处都有美丽的冰雕。
there be 句型(are),表“某地有某物”,“beautiful ice sculptures”(美丽的冰雕)为复数主
语,故用“are”;
副词:everywhere 表“到处”,作状语,说明“冰雕数量多、分布广”,体现冰雪节的特色。
18. Winter in Harbin is really great, and there are many fun activities to do
-并列句,用 and 连接“冬季很棒”与“有很多有趣活动”,前半句表感受,后半句说明原
因,逻辑连贯。
-“fun”为形容词,修饰“activities”,表“有趣的活动”;“to do”为不定式作后置定语,
修饰“activities”,表“可做的活动”。
Further study
1. In the traditional Chinese calendar, one year is divided into the 24 Solar Terms. (P91)在传统中
国历法中,一年被分为 24 个节气。
“be divided into”表示“被分为……”,“In the traditional Chinese calendar”为介词短语作状语,
表明时间范围。
2. Many farmers still use these Solar Terms to help them plan their farming activities. (P91)许多
农民仍然使用这些节气来帮助他们规划农业活动。“use...to do...”是固定结构,意为“使
用……来做……”,“help sb. do sth.”也是常见搭配,表示“帮助某人做某事”。
3. Choose one Solar Term and do some research to find out more about it. (P91)选择一个节气进
行一些研究,以了解更多关于它的信息。
“Choose one Solar Term”是祈使句,“do some research”表示“做一些研究”,“to find out more
about it”为不定式短语作目的状语。
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