Unit 5 Wild animals 知识点讲练 译林版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 5 Wild animals 知识点讲练 译林版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit5 Wild animals 知识点讲练
1.The earth was made for all beings. P(64)地球是为所有生命而存在的。
be made for 最理想的, 最适宜的;如:
be made for each other 配合得很好 ;
Special provision should be made for children.应该给孩子们特别的供给。
beings n. 人;生物;存在;(being 的复数)如:
Why do you think flying is so important to human beings 你为什么认为飞行对人类如此重
要?
2.The Wild Animals Club is inviting students to write a letter to humans in the name of a wild
animal. P(64) “野生动物俱乐部”正在邀请学生们以某种野生动物的名义给人类写一封信。
wild adj.野生的; n.野生状态,自然环境 wildlife n.野生动物 in the wild 在野外; go wild 变
得疯狂;
invite sb to do sth. 邀请某人做某事;如:
They invite performers to taste homemade food.他们邀请表演者品尝自制食物。
in the name of…以……的名义; 如:
In the name of God 以神之名;以上帝的名义;
I would like to give you some advice in the name of a friend.我愿意以朋友的名义给你一些建
议。
Welcome to the unit --- Animals in the wild 欢迎来到本单元---“野生动物”
1.They're among the smartest animals on earth. P(65) 它们是地球上最聪明的动物之一。
among 在…之中(指三者或三者以上); 在形容词和副词的比较等级中,含有 among 的句中
通常用形容词和副词的最高级。如:They ran among the trees.他们在树间奔跑。
New York is among the largest cities in the world.纽约是世界上最大的几座城市之一。
smartest 是 smart 的最高级;形容词的最高级前面通常加定冠词 the。如:
This book counts among the best(best 是 good 的最高级) of his works.这本书被认为是他
的最佳作品之一。
on earth 世界上;究竟,到底;世上;天底下;一点儿也不;具体用法如下:
1).用于包含形容词最高级的名词短语后表示强调,表达“世界上、人世间”的意思,相当于
in the world。例如:He wants to be the fastest runner on earth.他想成为当今世上跑得最快的运
动员。
2).用于以 what/why/how/where/who 等开始的特殊疑问句,表示强调,通常表示问题没有
答案或很难回答,表达“究竟、到底”的意思,用来询问令人惊讶或生气的事情。例如:How
on earth did that happen 这究竟是怎么发生的?
3).和否定词连用,表示“一点也不、绝对没有”,相当于 at all。例如:Nothing on earth can
change my mind.没有什么能改变我的想法。
比较:on the earth 在地球上;如:We live on the earth.我们生活在地球上。
2.They're the king of the animal world. P(65) 它们是动物世界的王者。
king n.大王;国王;the king of… ……的王者;如:
the king of the jungle 丛林之王;//the king of pop 流行音乐之王;//the king of kings 指圣经
中的“万王之王”。
3.They often work as a group. I like their team spirit. P(65) 它们经常以群体形式行动,我很欣
赏它们的团队精神。
work as a group 团队合作;team spirit 团队精神;如:
Ants have millions of them. They share their food and work as a group. 蚂蚁有数百万个。它们
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分享食物,集体工作。
Swim meets are the best time to get to know your teammates and build team spirit.游泳比赛是
你了解你的队友和建立团队精神的最佳时机。
Reading---Protecting pandas 阅读---保护大熊猫
1.Xiwang in safe hands P(66) “希望”得到妥善照料。
in safe hands 在可靠的人手里;得到妥善照料;如:
Your secret will always be in safe hands.你的秘密将会永远都不被泄露.
2. Tiny, pink and quiet, with eyes closed ... P(66)小巧、粉嫩且安静,双眼紧闭着……
tiny adj.极小的;拓展:tiny// small // little
tiny 强调与同类或其他物体比较,小得超出正常比例,有时带强烈的感彩。如:
Though she was tiny, she had a very loud voice.她虽然个头小,嗓音却非常洪亮。
small 多指数量、面积、体积、价值、数字或意义等的小或少,指略小于正常的大小。如:
That dress is too small for you.那件连衣裙你穿太小。
注意:small 还可以表示人 “卑微的,渺小的”,和动词 “feel” 和 “look” 搭配使
用;如:feel small 感到惭愧不已的;look small 看起来卑微的。
little 指在体积、数量、距离、年龄、身材等方面比正常的小,多带主观感彩,含小而
可爱或小巧的意味。如:
I am sick of your silly little games! 我厌烦了你无聊的小把戏。
She gave a little laugh.她笑了一笑。
We always fight over the littlest// smallest things. 我们总是因为微不足道的事情而吵架。
(形容事情 “不重要、微乎其微”时“little”和“small”都可用。)
3. Xiwang was just 100 grams when I first saw her. Her birth brought much happiness to us. We
named her Xiwang because it means "hope". P(66)“希望”刚出生时只有 100 克重,她的到来
给我们带来了无尽的欢乐。我们给她起名“希望”,因为这个名字有“希望”的意思。
The birth of a baby panda and the meaning of her name. P(68)小熊猫的诞生及其名字的寓意。
But that doesn't mean everything is OK. P(69) 但这并不意味着一切都好。
birth n.出生 at birth 出生时; birthday n. 生日;date of birth 出生日期;birthplace n. 出生地;
Birth happens at the start of life. 出生发生在生命的开始。
mean v. 意思是,意味着;meaning n.意义;mean to do sth.打算做某事;mean doing sth.意
味着做某事;如:I mean to call on you tomorrow.我打算明天看望你。
Success means working hard.成功意味着努力工作。
4. In the beginning, Xiwang couldn't see, hear or even move. We gave her round-the-clock care.
P(66)在最初,“希望”既看不见也听不见甚至不能移动。我们全天候地照料她。
In the beginning 表示“开始的时候”,强调时间的起点,且常单独用作时间状语或定语,暗含
后来有变化的意思。
round - the - clock adj. 全天候的;
5. At six months old, she began to eat bamboo. Half a year later, she weighed over 35 kilograms.
P(66)在六个月大时,她开始吃竹子,半年后体重就超过了 35 公斤。
She was tiny pink and quiet with eyes closed, and weighed just 100 grams. (68)
她小巧玲珑,皮肤粉嫩,安静恬静,眼睛闭着,仅重 100 克。
weigh linking v.有…重;weight n. 重量;如:
How much do you weigh 你有多重?= What weight are you 你体重多少?
6. There is nothing more satisfying than seeing Xiwang grow into a big ball of fur. P(66)
没有比看着“希望”长成一团毛茸茸的大球更令人满足的了。
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satisfying adj. 令人满意的;satisfy vi. 令人满意;令人满足; vt. 满足;说服,使相信;使
满意,使高兴; 过去分词:satisfied adj. 满意的; 满足的; 确信的; be satisfied with…对……
满意;现在分词:satisfying 过去式:satisfied; 第三人称单数:satisfies; 如:
Painting a beautiful picture was so satisfying, and my teacher was satisfied with my work.画一幅
漂亮的画非常令人满意,我的老师对我的作品很满意。
7. When she was 20months old, she learnt to look after herself. P(66)当她 20 个月大的时候,她
已经学会照顾自己了。
learn to do sth.学会做某事;look after oneself 照顾某人自己;
8. However, giant pandas in the wild face serious problems. P(67) 然而,野生的大熊猫面临着严
峻的问题。
giant adj. 特大的,巨大的; giant panda n.大熊猫;in the wild 在野外;
serious adj. 严重的;seriously adv. 严重地;认真地;严重地;be serious about…对……认真;
严肃对待……; 比较级:more serious;最高级:most serious; 如:
He is serious about his new job and works very hard.他对新工作很认真,工作非常努力。
The weight loss began to look more serious. 体重的减轻开始显得更严重。
Who is the most serious person in Jason's family 谁是杰森家里最严肃的人?
You should think seriously before making a decision.你在做决定前应该认真思考。
9. It is difficult for them to have babies. P(67)它们繁殖后代十分困难。// It's difficult for giant
pandas to have babies and it's easy for baby pandas to get sick and die. P(69) 大熊猫很难繁育
幼崽,而且熊猫幼崽很容易生病死亡。// It is hard for us to live long and healthy lives. P(73)我
们很难活得健康长寿。
It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……的。如:
It is good for us to help the old people cross the street。帮助老人过马路对我们有好处。
10. Even if baby pandas are born, they may easily get sick and die. P(67)即便幼崽出生,也可能
轻易患病并夭折。
even if 即使,尽管;引导让步状语从句。用来强调某种情况或条件下,主句的情况仍然会
发生,不因为从句的情况而改变。如:
Even if it rains tomorrow, we will still go to the park.即使明天下雨,我们还是会去公园。
Even if he is very busy, he always finds time to exercise.即使他很忙,他总是能找到时间锻炼。
辨析:even if 与 even though
Even if 意为“即使(假设……), 也……”;假设性的让步(可能未发生),可位于句首或
句中。
Even though 意为“尽管(事实……), 但……”;事实性的让步(已发生或真实),常位于
句首或句中。如:
Even if my friend doesn't invite me to the party, I won't be sad. Even though I really want to go,
I know she might have her reasons.即使我的朋友没有邀请我参加派对,我也不会难过。尽管
我很想去,但我知道他可能有他的原因。
easily adv.很可能;容易地; easy adj.容易的;
sick adj.生病的;“恶心的, 厌倦的” ; be sick of…意为“对……感到厌烦”;sickness n.疾病,
病; ill adj.生病的; illness n.疾病,病;如:
I feel sick after eating too much ice cream.我吃了太多冰淇淋后感觉恶心。
I'm think of doing the same work every day.我厌倦了每天做同样的工作。
She has to stay in bed because of sickness.他因病不得不卧床。
拓展:sick // ill
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1. 两者都可表示“有病的”:
(1) 作定语时通常用 sick。如:
The nurse made the sick man comfortable. 护士使病人感觉舒服。
The sick child was hurried to the hospital. 生病的小孩被赶紧送往医院。
(2) 作表语时可用 ill(英) 或 sick (美)。如:
I was ill (sick) yesterday and I don’t feel any better today. 我昨天病了,今天一点也不觉得
比昨天好些。
He was ill (sick) for a week, and during that week he ate nothing. 他病了一个星期,在那一
星期里他什么也没吃。
注:在英国英语中,用作表语的 sick 可用来表示“呕吐的”、“恶心的”、“晕船”或“晕
车”等。如:
She feels sick in buses. 她在公共汽车上觉得想呕。
The long train ride made me sick. 长时间搭乘火车使我想吐。
因此若没有上下文, I was sick yesterday. 这类句子可能有歧义(可能表示“我昨天病了”或
“我昨天想吐”)。
2. ill 表示“有病的”时,一般不用作定语,但当它表示“坏的(=bad)”“有害的(= harmful)”等义
时,却只能作定语,不能作表语。如:
The Blacks had ill luck. 布莱克一家遭了厄运。
It's an ill wind that blows nobody any good. 天下无绝对的坏事。
3. sick 表示“有病的”,可用作表语或定语,但若表示“厌烦的”,则只用作表语,其后通常
接介词 of。如:
John is sick of his job. 约翰讨厌他的工作。
He was sick of lying in bed. 他在床上已经躺得厌烦了。
4. 表示“病人”,通常用 the sick (相当于名词 ,具有复数意义),而不用 the ill。如:
The sick and the aged need our help. 病人和老人需要我们帮助。
They have come to see the sick. 他们已来看望过病人。
5. 在下列短语中,两者一般不宜换用:
sick pay 病假津贴// sick leave 病假;
speak ill of 说某人的坏话 // think ill of 认为……不好;
11. Also, they live mainly on bamboo, but the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller.
P(67) 此外,它们主要以竹子为食,但竹林的面积却在不断缩减。
live on 以…为生;依靠……生活;如:Sleep live on grass. 羊以吃草为生。Her sister can’t live
on 50 yuan a day.她的姐姐一天靠 50 元没法生活。
mainly adv.主要地;main adj.主要的;如:He spends his time mainly on reading and writing.
他主要把时间花在阅读和写作上。The main reason for his success is his hard work.他成功的
主要原因是他的努力工作。
比较级+and+比较级:越来越……;smaller and smaller 越来越少;richer and richer 越来越富
有;more and more important 越来越重要;
12. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat. P(67) 因此,大熊猫可
能将面临着没有栖身之所或食物短缺的困境。
as a result “因此”;在句中通常作状语,用来修饰整个句子,说明前后句子之间的因果关系。
其后面接句子,但它与句子之间一般用逗号隔开。如:The car broke down. As a result, we
were late.车子抛锚了。因此我们迟到了。
拓展:as a result of…意为“由于;因为”;后面接表示原因的名词、代词或动名词短语,相
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当于 because of。如:He was late as a result of the traffic jam.由于交通堵塞,他迟到了。
动词不定式 to live 和 to eat 作定语修饰前面的名词 place 和 food。
13. Luckily, the government has taken action. P(67)幸运的是,政府已经采取了相关行动。
government n.政府;action n.行动;act v. 行动;表演;take action 采取行动 take action to
do sth. 如:
The government needs to take action to reduce pollution in our city. 政府需要采取行动来减少
我们城市的污染。
14. There are laws to protect giant pandas and more nature reserves for them to live in. P(67) 有
保护大熊猫的法律,也有更多自然保护区供它们居住。
nature reserve n.自然保护区;动词不定式 to protect giant pandas 表目的;动词不定式 to live
in 作定语修饰名词 nature reserves。
15. Moreover, scientists are working hard to help pandas have more babies. P(67)此外,科学家们
正在努力帮助大熊猫繁育更多的幼崽。// Our government is working hard to help them, and
there are now laws to protect them. P(69)我们的政府正在努力帮助他们,现在有法律来保护他
们。
动词不定式 to help 和 to protect 都表示目的,作目的状语;
16. Thanks to all the efforts, the number of giant pandas is increasing. But they still need our
protection. P(67) 多亏了各方的努力,大熊猫的数量正在增加。但他们仍然需要我们的保护。
China's efforts to protect giant pandas.P(68) 中国为保护大熊猫所做的努力。
thanks to 多亏,由于;thanks for 非常感谢……;谢谢你……;如:
Thanks to your help, I finished the work on time.由于你的帮助,我按时完成了工作。
Thanks for coming to my party.感谢你来参加我的派对。
effort n.努力;make an effort to do sth.尽力做某事;put one’s effort into把某人的努力投入……;
致力于……; with/without effort 费力地/不费力地;如:
Effort is the key to success.努力是成功的关键。She put her effort into learning painting and
made great progress.她致力于学习绘画,并取得了很大的进步。
increase vi. & vt.增加;increase by…增加了……//increase to…增加到……// increase in…
在……方面的增长;如:The price of the house increased by 20% last year.去年的房价上涨了 20%。The temperature increased to 35 C.温度上升到了 35 摄氏度。
protection n.保护;protect v. 保护;under the protection of… 在……的保护下;
The protection of the environment is of great importance.保护环境非常重要。
The children are under the protection of their parents.孩子们在父母的保护下。
We should protect the endangered species. 我们应该保护濒危物种。
the number of… ……的数量;a number of… 许多;大量;
17.We believe things will get better and better, for where there is Xiwang, there is hope. P(67)我
们相信情况会越来越好,因为只要有“希望”在,就有希望。
比较级+and+比较级:越来越……;better and better 越来越好;things will get better and better
作动词 believe 的宾语是宾语从句。for 引导原因状语从句。for 不表示直接原因,表明附
加或推断的理由,因此 for 被看作等立连词,它所引导的分句只能放在句子后部(或单独成
为一个句子),并且前后两个分句间的逻辑关系不一定是因果关系,其间用逗号隔开,且
for 不可置于句首,for 的这一用法常用在书面语中,较正式。如:
(1)The days are short, for it is now December. 白天短了,因为现在已是十二月份。
(2)It must have rained, for the ground is wet. (从“地面潮湿”作出“下过雨”的推测,但地湿并
不一定是下雨所致, for 不可以换为 because。)
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(3)The ground is wet because it has rained. (“下雨”是“地上潮湿”的直接原因。)
前后两个分句间有一定的因果关系时(有时很难区分是直接原因,还是推测性原因),for
与 because 可以互换使用。如:
(4)I could not go, for / because I was ill. 我没能去,是因为我病了。
(5)He felt no fear, for / because he was a brave boy. 他没有害怕,因为他是个勇敢的男孩。
18.The growth process of the baby panda P(68) 熊猫幼崽的成长过程
growth n.生长,发育,成长;grow v. 生长, 成长; grow up 长大;
19.And they have a history of about eight million years. P(69) 他们大约有八百万年的历史了。
have a history of…有……的历史;eight million years 八百万年(确数不加 s)
Grammar 语法
A Using verbs +to-infinitives 使用动词+不定式
1. This panda is fat and quiet. P(70)这只熊猫又胖又安静。
fat adj. 胖的;比较级:fatter;最高级:fattest;n.【UC】“脂肪;肥肉”;如:
I’m getting fat because I eat too much junk food these days.我正在变胖,因为我最近吃太多垃
圾食品。
We should reduce the fat in our food.我们应该减少食物中的脂肪。
2. Once in a while, she managed to climb up the tree, but she often failed to get down. P(70) 偶尔,
她能设法爬上树,但她常常无法下来。
manage vt. &vi. 完成(困难的事);管理;合理安排;manage to do sth.设法做成某事;//
manager n.经理;如:
She managed to finished the task on time.她设法按时完成了任务。
The manager called a meeting to discuss the new project plan.经理召集了一次会议来讨论新的
项目计划。
B Using to-infinitives to express purpose 使用不定式来表达目的。
3. We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet. P(70)我们准备各种食品,让她吃得营
养。
动词不定式 to give her a healthy diet 作目的状语。
4. We buy some toys to make her happy. P(70)为了让她开心,我们还买了一些玩具。
动词不定式 to make her happy 作目的状语。
5. We also give her a special cake and some gifts in order to celebrate her birthday every year.
P(70) 此外,我们每年都会给她准备特别的蛋糕和一些礼物,以庆祝她的生日。
in order to do sth.为了做某事(后接动词原形),在句中作目的状语。
in order that+从句,为了……(后接完整句子)。
C Using verbs + objects + infinitives with/without to 使用“动词+宾语+带 to 或不带 to 的不定
式”结构
6. I saw a baby lion stay near its mother for protection. P(71)我看到一只小狮子靠近它的母亲寻
求保护。
see sb. do sth./doing sth. 看见某人做了某事/看见某人正在做某事;如:
I saw him write a letter.(我看见他写了一封信。)
I see him writing a letter.(我看见他正在写信。)
7. Mr. Wu asked us not to feed the animals there because it might make them sick. P(71) 吴先生
要求我们不要给那里的动物喂食,因为这可能会使它们生病。
ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事; make sb. +adj./do sth.使某人……/使某人做
某事;如:Mom asked me to help her with the dishes. 妈妈让我帮她洗碗。
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I asked him not to take it away yesterday. 我昨天让他不要把它带走。
The story makes us laugh.这个故事使我们发笑。
8. This trip was meaningful because it helped us (to) understand the importance of protecting
animals. P(71)这次旅行很有意义,因为它帮助我们理解了保护动物的重要性。
meaningful adj. 重要的;有意义的;meaningless adj. 无意义的; meaning n. 意思;意义;
meaningfully adv. 重要地;mean v. 意思是;意味着;mean to do sth./doing sth. 如:
He lives the most meaningful life.他活得最有意义。
Do you want to have a wonderful and meaningful vacation 你想过一个美妙而有意义的假期吗?
I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings. 我不想伤害你的感情。
There are many clouds in the sky that mean raining. 天空中有许多云,意味着要下雨。
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事;
The beautiful girl helped me to complete the most important goal of my life. 那个美丽的女孩
帮我完成了人生中最重要的目标。
Can you help me to carry these books?你能帮我搬这些书吗?
Word power---The suffixes -ing, -ness and -ion 文字力量---后缀-ing、-ness 和-ion
1. Many wild animals are now in danger because of hunting. P(72) 如今,许多野生动物因为捕
猎正处于危险之中。// But in the last century, giant pandas were in danger. P(69) 但在上个世
纪,大熊猫处于危险之中。//Tigers hunt other animals…老虎捕猎其他动物……//…to learn
hunting skills. ……去学习狩猎技巧。P(71) // In the past, humans hunted us and there were very
few of us left. P(73)过去,人类曾捕猎我们,导致种群数量锐减。
hunt vt. & vi.猎杀; hunter n. 猎人;如:
Lions sometimes hunt alone.狮子有时单独猎食。
Just then came a hunter with four dogs.就在这时,一个猎人带着四条狗来了。
in danger 处于危险中;out of danger 脱离危险;danger n. 【UC】危险;dangerous adj. 危
险的;dangerously adv. 危险地;如:
If a bear is in danger, it attacks people.如果熊处在危险中,它就会攻击人。
He is in danger of losing his job.他有失业的危险。
The patient is out of danger now.病人现在已脱离危险。
2. They have feelings of happiness and sadness. We should not hurt them for any reason. P(72) 他
们有“快乐”和“悲伤”的感情。我们不应该以任何理由伤害他们。//Thank you for your
kindness. P(72) 谢谢您的善意。
have feelings of…“有……的感觉/感情”;
adj. +ness →n.:happy →happiness; sad →sadness; kind →kindness;
reason n.理由,原因;cause n. 理由,原因; reason 与 cause 作名词时都有“原因”和“理由”的意
思。Reason 强调逻辑解释或动机;而 cause 强调直接导致结果的客观因素。reason 常和 for
连用,而 cause 常和 of 连用。如:
The reason why he lied was to protect her.他撒谎是为了保护她。
The cause of the fire is still unknown . 这场大火的起因还不知道呢。
3. We hope you can accept our invitation to protect them. P(72) 希望您能接受我们保护它们的
邀请。
accept vt. & vi.收受,接受; receive 收到;接待;接纳;
1).receive 通常指被动地“收到”或“接到”,而 accept 则指主动地“接受”。如:
We haven’t received his letter for a long time. 我们很久没有收到他的来信了。
She offered him a lift and he accepted (it). 她请他坐她的车,他就领情了。
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She received his present, but she didn’t accept it. 她收到了他的礼物,但是没有接受。
注意:有时用词要视语言习惯而定,而不能简单地认为 receive=收到,accept=接受。如
“接受礼物”是 accept a gift, 而“接受教育”却是 receive an education。
2). 表示“接见”、“接待”时,要用 receive 而不用 accept。如:
She was warmly received. 她受到热情接待。
v. +-ion →n.:invite → invitation; 如:accept one’s invitation 接受某人的邀请。
Integration---Protecting wild animals 综合---保护野生动物
1. We live in the Arctic. We are the biggest meat-eaters on land, and we often have to travel a long
way to find food. P(73)我们生活在北极地区,是陆地上最大的食肉动物,常常需要长途跋涉
才能找到食物。
the biggest meat-eaters 最大的食肉动物(biggest 是 big 的最高级);on land 陆地上;动词
不定式 to find food 在句中作目的状语。
2. The earth is becoming warmer, and the Arctic ice is melting. This makes it more difficult for us
to survive. P(73)地球正在变暖,北极的冰层正在融化。这使我们生存变得更加困难。// Air/
Water pollution makes it difficult for animals to live healthy lives. P(74) 空气/水污染使动物难
以健康地生活。
melt vi. & vt.(使)融化;如:The snow was beginning to melt. 雪开始融化了。
make it +adj. + for sb. to do sth.“使做某事对某人来说是……的”;在这个句型中,it 是形式宾
语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式 to do sth.。如:
The heavy rain makes it impossible for me to go there.大雨使我没法去那里。
pollution n.污染;【UC】pollute v.污染; 如:
Pollution is a serious problem around the world.污染是全球范围内的一个严重问题。
Factories should not pollute the air and water.工厂不应该污染空气和水。
3. Today there are about 22,000 to 31,000 of us on earth, and this number may still drop. P(73)目
前,地球上大约有 22,000 到 31,000 只我们的同类,而且这个数字可能还会下降。
drop vi. & vt.(使)降低;扔下;掉下;n. 滴;球状糖果;dropped/dropping;如:
Temperatures can drop to freezing at night.晚上气温能陡降到零度以下。
I think we'd better drop the subject.我认为我们最好不要再谈这个话题。
I dropped my glasses and broke them.我不小心把眼镜掉下来摔碎了。
I think I felt a drop of rain.我好像感觉到掉雨点儿了。
a drop in the ocean 沧海一粟;chocolate drops 巧克力糖果
4. We are the largest animals on the planet. The ocean is our home and we can live up to 90 years
old. P(73)我们是这个星球上最大的动物。海洋是我们的家园,我们的寿命可达 90 岁。
the largest animals on the planet 这个星球上最大的动物;live up to 活到……;
5. In the past, humans hunted us and there were very few of us left. P(73)过去,人类曾捕猎我们,
导致种群数量锐减。
there were + 主语(very few of us)+ 后置定语(left).
主语:very few of us 我们中极少数,“very few”强调数量极少,表否定含义。
后置定语:left 剩下的,过去分词作定语,修饰“us”,表被动,即“被留下的我们”。
6. Now it is against the law to hunt us, but we are still at risk. P(73)如今,捕猎我们已属违法行为,
但我们仍面临风险。
“it is + 表语 + to do sth”的常用句型,其中“it”是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的“to
hunt us”(捕猎我们),用于避免句子头重脚轻。against the law 违法的,“against”介词,表
示“违反”。
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at risk 处于危险中,有危险;固定短语,“risk”表示“风险、危险”;take a risk/take risks“冒
险”; at the risk of…冒着……的风险;at great risk 冒极大的风险;at no risk 没有风险地;
at one’s own risk 自担风险地;risk v. risk doing sth.“冒险做某事”;如:
Elderly people are often at risk of falling in their homes. 老年人居家时常常有跌倒的风险。
He saved three people alive at the risk of his life.他拼命救了三个人。
The firefighters entered the burning building at great risk to save a trapped child. 消防员冒着极
大的风险冲进燃烧的大楼,去营救一名被困的孩子。
You can use this software at no risk, as it comes with a money-back guarantee. 你可以放心使用
这款软件,因为它提供退款保证。
This business is at my own risk. 此生意由我自担风险。
He risked losing his job to tell the truth.他冒着失去工作的风险说出了真相。
7. We often get hurt by big ships. P(73)我们常常被大型船只撞伤。
get hurt 受伤,“get + 过去分词”构成被动语态,强调“被伤害”的结果,而非动作发出
者;如:get ill“生病;得病;”//get sick 生病;患病;感到不适;// get lost 迷路;
“by”引出动作的执行者“big ships”,说明伤害的来源。
8. Natural disasters like earthquake can also be a problem for them. P(74) 像地震这样的自然灾
害也可能给他们带来问题。
disaster n.灾害;natural disasters 自然灾害;
The earthquake was a terrible disaster that left thousands of people homeless.这场地震是一场可
怕的灾难,导致数千人无家可归。
like earthquake 像地震一样的,作后置定语修饰前面的名词“Natural disasters”,说明自然
灾害的具体类型之一;此处“earthquake”为泛指,也可表述为“earthquakes”。
9. The earth is getting warmer, so certain wild animals may not have a place to live or enough
food to eat. P(74)地球正在变暖,因此某些野生动物可能没有栖息之地,也没有足够的食物
可吃。
certain adj.某种、某些;通常作定语。如:A certain person called you.有个人给你打过电话。
For certain reasons, I can’t attend the meeting.由于某些原因,我不能参加会议。
拓展:
certain adj. “确定的;肯定的”;be certain to do sth. “肯定会做某事”;be certain of/about…“对
确信”; certainly adv.“当然;确定”;相当于 of course。如:
He is certain of his decision. 他对自己的决定很确信。
She is certain to win the competition.她肯定会赢得比赛。
-Can you help me –Certainly. –你能帮我吗?-当然。
10. What can we do to protect wild animals P(75)我们可以做些什么来保护野生动物?
句中动词不定式 to protect wild animals 作目的状语。
11.Yes! Some people make things like bags and shoes from the fur or skin of wild animals. We
must make sure we don’t buy them. P(75)是的!有些人用野生动物的皮毛制作包和鞋子等物
品。我们必须确保我们不购买这类产品。//You're right! We should also make sure we don't
do bad things to their living spaces. P(75) 你说得对!我们也应该确保我们不破坏它们的生
存空间。//
Yes, that's a great point. And we can join an animal protection group. P(75) 是的,这是很好的
观点。我们可以加入动物保护组织。
make sth from sth 固定搭配,意为“用某种材料制作某物”,强调原材料在制作后仍可被识
别。(此处指能看出制品来自动物皮毛)。
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we don’t buy them 和 we don't do bad things to their living spaces.都是宾语从句,作谓语动词
make sure 的宾语。
"Yes", "You're right" and “That's a great point” "是的","你说得对" 和“这个观点很棒”是表
达赞同的常见方式。
12. I am writing to ask for your help to protect the rhinos in the wild. P(76) 我写信是为了请求
你们帮助保护野生犀牛。
句中动词不定式 to protect the rhinos in the wild 作目的状语。
13. We ate special plants near our homes, but they became fewer and fewer when farmers started
using them to feed their animals. P(76) 我们吃靠近家附近的特殊的植物,但当农民开始用
它们喂养他们的动物时,这些植物变得越来越少了。
比较级+and +比较级结构,意思是“越来越……”fewer and fewer 越来越少;
start doing sth(开始做某事),强调“从某个时间点开始并持续进行”的动作。如:She started
learning English last year.她去年开始学英语。
use sth to do sth(用某物做某事),“use”的宾语是“them”(指代前文的“special plants”),
“to feed their animals”是不定式作目的状语,说明“使用植物”的目的是“喂养动物”。
如:People use wood to make paper.人们用木头造纸。
14. Please stop using our horns for your own needs. Our horns are important for us to live healthy
lives. P(76) 请停止为了你自己的需求而使用我们的角。我们的角对我们健康地生活非常
重要。
stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”,强调中断正在进行或持续的动作。如:Please stop talking
in the library.请停止在图书馆说话。
stop to do sth. 意为“停下来去做某事”,指停止原先做的事情去做另一件事情。如:
The manager stopped talking on the phone and let workers stop to have a good rest.经理停止打
电话,并让工人们停下来好好休息。
“to live healthy lives” 是不定式短语作目的/结果状语,修饰前文的“important”,说明“角
对动物很重要”的具体作用——帮助动物实现“健康生存”的状态。
15. Please help us, or there may be none of us left in the future. P(76)请帮助我们,否则将来可
能没有我们了。
并列连词“or”表“否则、不然”,连接两个有条件关系的分句。如:
Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.快点,否则你会错过公交车。
“there may be none of us left”的结构中,“there be”句型表“存在”,“may”修饰“be”,
表对未来情况的推测(“可能会有……的情况”)。 “none of us”指“我们中一个都没有”,
“left”是过去分词作后置定语,修饰“none of us”,表“剩余的、留下的”,整体强调“物
种消失、无一生存”的严重后果。
“in the future” “在未来,在将来”,时间状语。
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