资源简介

Unit8 Safe and sound 安然无恙
1.safe and sound 安然无恙；sound adj.健康的，无损伤的; sound linking v. 听起来; sound n. 声
音; adv.(睡得)沉; 酣畅地; safe adj. 安全的；safety n. 安全；safely adv. 安全地；
2. Life is priceless; safety comes first. P(106)生命是无价的；安全是第一位的。// It is the Safety
Week at Sunshine Middle School. Let's learn about emergencies and natural disasters and find
out how to stay safe in these situations. P(106)这是阳光中学的安全周。让我们学习关于紧急
情况和自然灾害的知识，并了解在这些情况下如何确保安全。
priceless adj. 无价的；price n. 价格；代价；价值；v. 给…定价；估价；如：
He has a large priceless collection of paintings.他有一大批无价的绘画收藏品。
No price is too high for winning their support.为了获得他们的支持，任何代价均在所不惜。
I'll ask an expert to price the old car.我将请一位专家来给这辆旧车定价。
Welcome to the unit---Emergency or natural disaster
1. An emergency is a sudden, serious and dangerous event or situation. P(107) 紧急情况是突然
发生的、严重的和危险的事件或情况。
-emergency n.紧急情况；pl. emergencies; adj. 紧急的；应急的；用于紧急情况的；紧急情
况下使用的；紧急情况下出现的； 如：She has the ability to keep calm in an emergency.
她有处变不惊的本事。There are four emergency exits in the department store.这家百货公司有
四个紧急出口。
-situation n.情况，常指特定时期内的总体环境或局势；处境；境遇；如：under the situation
在此情况下；in/out of a…situation 处于/脱离的……处境；
The situation in the company has changed a lot recently.公司的情况最近发生了很大变化。
2. People need to act quickly to deal with it. P(107) 人们需要迅速采取行动来处理它。
-need to do sth. 需要做某事；// act to do sth. 采取行动做某事； // deal with 处理；
-副词 quickly 修饰动词 act；
3. Power cut leaves thousands without heating P(107) 停电使数千人无法取暖。// Typhoon
leaves whole town in terrible state P(107) 台风使整个城镇陷入可怕状态。
-leaves + 宾语 + 补语：表示“导致某人/某物处于某种状态”，如：
Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain. 别让她在外面雨中等着。
-terrible adj.可怕的； terribly adv.可怕地；awful adj.糟糕的，极讨厌的; 如：
The weather was terrible yesterday.昨天天气非常糟糕。
I’m terribly sorry — did I hurt you 实在对不起——我伤着你了吗？
-state n.状态，情况；如：When you left our place, you weren't in a fit state to drive.
你离开我们家时，你的状态不适合开车。
4. Earthquake makes thousands of people homeless P(107) 地震使数千人无家可归。
- make 使……（处于某种状态），后接“宾语+形容词”。如：
Listening to music makes me feel happy.听音乐使我开心。
- homeless adj.无家可归的; the homeless 无家可归的人；如：
The homeless are in need of our help.无家可归的人需要我们的帮助。
5. Coach comes off road and hits tree P(107) 长途车驶离道路并撞树。
- coach n.长途汽车; 教练；如：by coach 坐长途车；We took a coach to the city.我们乘长途
汽车去了那个城市。a swimming coach 一位游泳教练。
-comes off road：驶离道路，特指车辆失控事故，如：A storm has been raging, and his car comes
off the road. 一场暴风雨来临，他的车子翻出了道路。
6. Flood washes away factory P(107) 洪水冲走工厂。
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wash away：冲走、冲毁。如：Time will wash away our sorrows and memories of the past. 时
间会冲淡我们的悲伤和对过去的回忆.
7. The fog was so thick that drivers couldn't see more than a metre in front of them. P(107) 雾太
浓了，司机们只能看到前方一米左右的地方。
-“so + 形容词 + that 从句”：“如此……以至于……”，用于强调前者程度导致后者结果。
so 后接形容词/副词，that 后接完整的结果从句；如：
The film was so wonderful that we wanted to see it again. 电影很精彩以致于我们还想看一次。
He runs so fast that I can’t keep up with him. 他跑得太快了，我跟不上他。
8. It was one of the largest traffic accidents in the town's history! P(107) 许多车辆相撞。这是该
城镇历史上最大的交通事故之一！
-“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”“……之一”，用于表示某事物在同类中
处于顶尖水平。如：
- traffic n.交通；不可数名词；交通拥堵：heavy/busy traffic; 如：
Traffic in the city centre is always busy. 市中心的交通总是很繁忙。
9. That's terrible! P(107) 太可怕了！
terrible adj.可怕的；terribly adv.可怕地；awful adj.糟糕的，极讨厌的; 如：
They experienced such terrible disasters.他们经历了如此可怕的灾难。
The experiment went terribly wrong.这次实验出了大问题。
Reading---The Highfield earthquake
1. I was working when the earthquake started. P(108) 地震开始时我正在工作。// The earthquake
started when Timmy was working. P(110)地震发生时，提米正在工作。
-was/were + doing （过去进行时）表示“过去某一时刻正在做某事”；-when 既可跟段时间
也可跟点时间。
2. At first, I felt a slight shake. P(108) 起初，我感觉到轻微的震动。//The earth started to shake.
P(108) 大地开始震动。// Finally, the noise and shaking ended. P(108) 最后，噪音和震动停止
了。
slight adj.轻微的；shake n., vi. & vt. 摇动；过去式shook；shake one’s head 摇头；shake hands
with sb. 与某人握手；shaking 既是动词 shake 的现在分词也是动名词。
shake 侧重于指身体上的物理颤动。shaking 侧重于表现由心灵或者精神上引起的颤动。如：
I want to make banana shake.我想要制作香蕉奶昔。// Shaking is not good for the glass.震动对
玻璃不好。
3. People shouted in fear. P(108) 人们惊恐地大喊。
-shout vi. & n. 呼駿，喊叫；shout at sb.对某人叫嚷，带有生气的情绪。shout to sb. 为了让
对方听见而大声呼喊，不一定带有负面情绪。如：
The children shouted with excitement.孩子们兴奋地大喊。
A sudden shout broke the silence.突然的喊声打破了寂静。
Don’t shout at the old man. It’s impolite.别对老人大声叫嚷。这不礼貌。
He shouted to me from the other side of the street.他从街对面朝我大声呼喊。
-fear n.& v.恐惧，害怕; in fear 恐惧地，害怕地；in fear of 处于担忧……的状态；如：
He showed no fear.他毫无惧色。
The girl said nothing. She just cried in fear.那个女孩什么也没说。她只是害怕地哭了。
She feared that she might be late.她担心自己可能会迟到。
4. Some ran out of the building. I tried my best to run out too. P(108) 有些人跑出了建筑物。我
也尽力想要跑出去。
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-run out of…在不同情境下有不同的含义；跑出……；物品用完；资金耗尽；灵感枯竭等等。
如：All the students run out of the classrooms as soon as the bell rings.铃声一响，所有的学生
都跑出了教室。
We have already run out of our money.我们已经用完了我们的钱。（金钱用完）
If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase
what’s needed.如果他们的某些日常用品用完了，威尔逊将开车到最近的商店并购买所需的
东西。(物资耗尽)
He’d run out of ideas.他想不出办法了。（灵感枯竭）
-tried one’s best to do sth. 尽力做某事；如：We try our best to study English well.
5. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were raining
down. Then the walls began to come down too! P(108) 外面，人们向各个方向奔逃，而玻璃碎
片和砖块像雨点般落下。接着，墙壁也开始倒塌！// Some animals began to run in all directions.
P(111) 一些动物开始向四面八方逃跑。
-“while + was/were + doing （过去进行时）”表示“两个持续动作同时发生”；
- direction n. 方向; 指导；指挥；用法说明；指示；in all directions=in every direction 四处，
到处；under the direction of 在……的指导下；direct v.管理；指导；导演；为（某人）领路；
adj. 直接的；如：I try to provide them with direction and help. 我尽力给他们提供指导和帮助。
Could you direct me to the station 请问到车站怎么走？She gave me a direct answer.她给了
我一个直接的答案。
- pieces of glass and bricks：玻璃碎片和砖块；glass 当“玻璃”讲时为不可数名词，一片玻璃
是 a piece of glass，所以玻璃碎片为 pieces of glass。
-“raining down”像雨一样落下。
6. It was dark and silent around me. P(108)四周一片黑暗，周围一片寂静。// It was silent around
me at first except the sounds of nature. P(111) 起初，除了自然的声音，我周围一片寂静。
-silent adj.安静的；be silent about… “对……保持沉默；不谈及”；silence n.安静；silently adv.
安静地；默默地；如：
The classroom was silent when the teacher entered.老师进来时，教室很安静。
The silence in the room was broken by a sudden knock.房间里的寂静被突然的敲门声打破了。
He left the room silently.他默默地离开了房间。
-except prep. (= except for) 除…之外; besides prep. 除…之外; except（排除的对象不包括在
内）besides（排除的对象包括在内）；如：
Everyone is ready except him.除了他，大家都准备好了。
No one writes to me besides you. 除你以外,没有人给我写信。
7. I couldn't see anything at all, and I didn't know if anyone else was around me. P(108) 我什么
也看不见，也不知道身边是否还有其他人。
-I couldn't see anything at all. = I could see nothing at all. not…anything=nothing; not…at all 一
点也不；根本不；
-if 引导的条件状语从句 if anyone else was around me 作动词 know 的宾语为宾语从句。
8. I felt nervous, and my heart was beating really fast. P(109) 我感到紧张，心跳得非常快。// I
felt nervous and didn't know what to do. P(111) 我感到紧张不安，不知道该怎么办。
nervous adj.焦虑的;胆怯的；
-beat vi. &vt. (使)规律作响或运动；用劲敲打；过去式为 beat，指心脏、脉搏等的跳动。
如：I felt my heart beating faster.我感觉我的心脏跳得更快了。The heart beats 70-80 times per
minute on average.心脏平均每分钟跳动 70-80 次。The rain beat on the roof all night.雨整夜敲
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打着屋顶。Our team beat theirs in the final.我们队在决赛中打败了他们队。
拓展：beat 与 win 区别
beat 宾语通常是竞争对手，即人或团队。
win 宾语通常是比赛、奖品、荣誉等。如：
We beat them in the basketball game.我们在篮球比赛中打败了他们。
He won first prize in the competition.他在比赛中获得了一等奖。
nervous adj.焦虑的;胆怯的；be nervous about/of…“对……感到紧张或焦虑”；be nervous to
do sth.“对做某事感到紧张”；如：
He is nervous about the job interview.他对工作面试感到紧张。
She is nervous to speak in public. 她对在公众场合讲话感到紧张。
9. “I'm trapped," I said to myself. P(109) 我自言自语道：“我被困住了。”// Timmy found himself
trapped in the building. P(110)提米发现自己被困在了这栋建筑物里。// House fire traps (v.)
five and firemen save the family P(107) 房屋火灾困住五人，消防员救出全家。
- trap vt.诱骗；使受限制；困住；使（水与气体等）分离；n. 圈套；（对付人的）计谋；（练
习射击用的）抛靶器；（捕捉动物的）夹子；vi.设陷阱；装捕捉机；设圈套；过去式：trapped;
过去分词：trapped; 现在分词：trapping; rapped adj.被困住的；如：
He was trapped in a difficult situation. 他陷入了困境。
The exam was full of trap questions. 这次考试里有很多陷阱题。
The men trap foxes. 这些人设陷阱捕捉狐狸。
-say to oneself 暗想;自言自语；如：
He said to himself, “I need to stay calm.”他心想：“我需要保持冷静。”
She said to herself that she would never give up.她心里想她永远不会放弃。
10. A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
P(109) 脑海中掠过片刻的恐惧，但我告诉自己要保持冷静，因为我毕竟还活着。// Soon the
fire got bigger and bigger, and fear ran through my mind. I told myself to calm down. P(111) 很
快火势越来越大，恐惧在我的脑海中蔓延。我告诉自己要冷静下来。
calm vi. & vt.(使) 平静，(使)镇静; adj. “平静的；镇静的；沉着的”；n.“平静；安静”；calm
down(使)平静；如：The mother tried to calm the crying baby.母亲试图让哭闹的婴儿平静下来。
Tell him to calm down. There’s no need to be so angry.告诉他冷静下来。没必要这么生气。
The sea was calm that day. 那天海面很平静。
There was a calm over the city after the storm.暴风雨过后，城市一片宁静。
since conj.因为，既然; 自从 ……以来；如：
Since you are here, you can help me.既然你在这儿，你可以帮我一下。
Since you are tired, you’d better have a rest.既然你累了，你最好休息一下。
I haven’t seen her since she moved to London.自从她搬去伦敦，我就再没见过她。
I have lived in the city since 2015.我从 2015 年起就住在这个城市。
拓展：because//as//for；
I didn’t go to school because I was ill.我没去上学是因为我病了。（because 表示直接原因，它
所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的，其语气最强。常用来回答 why 的提问。）
As you insist, I’ll accept the offer.既然你坚持，我接受提议。（as 是常用词，它表示的“原因”
是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含义与 since 相同，但语气
更弱，没有 since 正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从并重。
）
It must have rained, for the ground is wet. 一定下过雨了，因为地面是湿的。（for 不表示直接
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原因，表明附加或推断的理由。）
11. I shouted for help. I thought somebody could hear me, but no one came for a very long time.
P(109) 我大声呼救，以为会有人听到，但很长一段时间内都没有人前来。
句子 somebody could hear me 作动词 thought 的宾语，为宾语从句。
12. I knew I had to save energy and wait for help. P(109) 我知道必须节省体力，等待救援。
句子 I had to save energy and wait for help 作动词 knew 的宾语，为宾语从句。
have to do sth.不得不做某事；save energy 节省体力；wait for help 等待救援；
13. Hours later, as I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me. P(109)
几小时后，当我试图找到出路时，我突然听到头顶传来一些声响。
-“as”引导的“was trying”（过去进行时）是背景动作，“heard”（一般过去时）是突发的
关键动作，推动情节发展（发现救援）。
- find one’s way out 寻找出路；寻找解决方法；如：And one day we still need to find the way
out! 有一天我们仍需要解决它们！
14. “Help! Please help! I'm here!" I cried out in a weak voice. P(109) “救命！请帮帮我！我在这
里！”我用微弱的声音喊道。
weak adj.虚弱的；voice n.嗓音，说话声，唱歌声; in a …… voice“用……的声音”；raise one’
s voice“提高嗓门；大声说话”；sound（有“声音”之意，含义最广，指可以听到的任何声
音。）//noise（有“噪声，嘈杂声，吵闹声”之意，特指不悦耳、不和谐的声音。）; 如：
She lost her voice after shouting.她喊叫后失声了。He said in a low voice so that others couldn’
t hear him.他低声说话，这样别人就听不见他的话了。Please raise your voice so they can hear
you.请提高你的嗓门，以便他们能够听到你说话。There was a loud noise outside the
classroom. The Physics teacher had to raise his voice, “Light travels much faster than sound.”教
室外面一片嘈杂。物理老师不得不提高他的声音说：“光的传播速度比声音快得多”
15. They quickly moved away the bricks. At last, I was safe! P(109) 他们迅速移开了那些砖块。
最后，我终于得救了。move away 离开; 搬到别处去住; 改变（见解）; 挪开；如：
Fight when you can win, move away when you can't.打得赢就打, 打不赢就走。
Why did you move away from her kiss, then 那你当时为什么要拒绝她的亲吻
People were in a hurry to move away the bricks and stones.人们赶紧把砖块和石头移走。
Part C
16. I was walking my dog in the forest when I started to smell smoke. P(111) 我在森林里遛狗时
开始闻到烟味。
smoke n.烟；v. 吸烟；以烟熏；冒烟; 如：
The smoke from chimney is spreading out in the sky.烟囱冒出的烟正在空中散开。
It's against the rules of the school to smoke.吸烟是违反校规的。
The stove is smoking badly.那炉子烟冒得很厉害。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟！
17. Suddenly, there was a loud noise like thunder as a burning tree fell down in front of me- I was
trapped. P(111) 突然，一声像雷声一样的巨响，一棵燃烧的树在我面前倒下——我被困住
了。
burn vi. 着火;vt. & vi.(使)烧毁，烧伤；n. “烧伤；烫伤”；如：The candle is burning brightly.
蜡烛在明亮地燃烧着。He burned all his old books.他把他所有的旧书都烧了。Tom has three
burns on his right arm.汤姆的右臂上有三处烧伤。
18. I looked at Harry, my dog. He was jumping up and down. P(111) 我看着我的狗哈里，它正在
上下跳跃。
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up and down adv. 来来回回地；往返地；prep.沿…来来回回；往返于；如：
A little bird was bobbing its head up and down.一只小鸟把头上下快速摆动着。
The tiger paced up and down the cage.老虎在笼中走来走去。
19. Just at that moment, I saw some people running through the trees. They were firemen! They
finally put out the fire. P(111) 就在那时，我看到一些人穿过树林跑过来。他们是消防员！最
终，他们成功扑灭了火焰。
put out 扑灭，熄灭；如：Please put out the campfire before leaving.离开前请熄灭篝火。
Grammar---Past continuous tense
1. It happened as we were going home from school. P(112) 它发生在我们放学回家的路上。//
I saw it while I was riding my bike home. P(112) 我骑车回家的时候看到了。//
It was raining when the police arrived. P(112)警察到的时候天正在下雨。// It was snowing here
in Beijing when we went to the Palace Museum during the day. P(113) 当我们在白天去故宫博
物院时，北京这里正在下雪。// When I got up on Saturday morning, it was snowing heavily. P
(113) 星期六早上我起床时，外面正在下大雪。// When I got home, my parents were getting
dinner ready. P(113) 当我到家时，我的父母正在准备晚餐。//I was working when the
earthquake started. P(112) 地震开始的时候我在工作。// Millie was watching TV when
lightning hit her building. P(112) 米莉正在看电视时，闪电击中了她的建筑物。// When it was
almost time for dinner, I went home. P(113)当晚餐时间快到时，我回家了。
We were watching in fear while the firemen were putting out the fire. P(112) 消防队员在灭火
时，我们惊恐地看着。// It was getting stronger while I was reading the newspaper at about 7 this
morning. P(113) 早上大约 7 点的时候，当我在读报纸时，它变得越来越强了。// Maybe I
was watching the wonderful view on TV while you were visiting there. P(113) 也许我当时正在
电视上观看那美妙的景色，而你正在那里参观。// When/While/As Millie was watching TV,
lightning hit her building. P(112) 当米莉看电视的时候，闪电击中了她的建筑物。// While we
were enjoying our meal, it began to snow again. P(113) 当我们正在享用我们的餐点时，又开 始下雪了。// We may hurt ourselves when cooking. P(117) 我们做饭时可能会弄伤自己。
when, as, while 引导时间状语从句。
①when 意思是“当……时”，表示主句动作发生的特定时间。如：
The days get longer when spring comes.春天到来时，白天变长了。
When 既可引导持续动作，又可引导短暂动作。它表示主句动作和从句动作同时发生，或
从句动作在主句动作之前。
When I was a boy, I used to go swimming on Sundays.（同时）
When the lesson was over, we began our writing.（从句动作在前）
when 可表示“如果”。如：
Don’t be afraid of asking for help when it is needed.
②while 意思是“当……时”，强调主句动作和从句动作是同时发生的，侧重主从句动作的对
比。如：
While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes.
while 指“在某一时间里”，“在……期间”，从句动作必须是持续性的。如：
While he was in London, he studied music.
注意：
在 When 和 while 引导时间状语从句时，若主句的主语和从句的主语一致的时候，可
以用 when/while+ -ing 结构表示。如：
1.)When (she is) in trouble, she always asks for my help.
她遇到困难时总是向我求助。
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2. )While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs.
旅游时我喜欢买纪念品。
③as 常和 when, while 通用，但侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生，说明两种正在发展和变化
的情况。如：
I saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday.
He sang as he walked.
◆注意：
当 when, as, while 表示“在……一段时间里”，主从句的动作同时发生时，可以换用。如：
While (When 或 As) we were discussing, Mr. Smith came in.
when 和 while 还可以是并列连词，意思分别是“就在这时”，“然而”。如：
He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the shoulder.
2. I hope no one was badly hurt. P(112) 我希望没有人受重伤。
句子 no one was badly hurt 作动词 hope 的宾语，是宾语从句。副词 badly 修饰形容词 hurt。
3. It stopped snowing in the afternoon. Guess what I did I built a snowman! P(113) 下午雪停了。
猜我做了什么？我堆了一个雪人！
guess vt. &vi. 猜测，估计；n.猜测；猜想；如：
Can you guess the answer to this riddle 你能猜出这个谜语的答案吗
My first guess was wrong.我的第一次猜测是错误的。
what I did 作动词 guess 的宾语，为宾语从句，须用陈述语序。
4. Some people in the neighbourhood were clearing the snow from the streets. P(113) 附近的一
些人正在清理街道上的积雪。
clear vt.清除，清理；adj.清晰的；晴朗的；明确的；clearly adv. 清楚地；如：
He cleared a little space on his desk for a cup of coffee.他在书桌上清出了一点空间来放一杯
咖啡。
The water in the lake is so clear that you can see the fish swimming.湖里的水很清澈，你可以看
到鱼儿在游动。
She explained it clearly.她解释得很清楚。
Word power---Creating new words
1.That was close-I nearly started a fire! P(114) 差一点就着火了！
close adj. 差一点儿，险些；亲密的；v.关闭；结束；
He couldn't get close enough to see. 他无法靠近看个清楚。
She and Linda became very close. 她和琳达变得很亲密。
What time does the bank close 那家银行什么时候关门？
The meeting will close at 10.00 p.m. 会议将在晚上 10 点结束。
Integration --- Staying safe
1. We will keep reporting on this developing situation. P(115) 我们将继续报道这一发展中的局
势。
report vi., vt. & n. 报道; 汇报; 传闻；report on 对……进行报道；It is reported that 据报
道……；reporter n. 记者；通讯员；如：
It is reported that the CEO will resign.据报道，CEO 将辞职。
This is a report about the research results.这是一份关于研究成果的报告。
I want to be a reporter in the future.将来我想成为一名记者。
2. The bush fires may burn millions of square metres of land and destroy thousands of homes
before they are put out. P(115) 丛林大火可能会烧毁数百万平方英尺几米的土地，摧毁数千
栋房屋在它们被扑灭之前。
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before 引导时间状语从句；they are put out 是一般现在时的被动语态。
3.So far 34 people are dead, including three firemen. Many animals died too. P(115) 到目前为止，
已有 34 人死亡，其中包括 3 名消防员。许多动物也死了。
so far 迄今为止；如：So far, there is no sign of rain.到目前为止，没有下雨的迹象。
We haven’t had any problems so far.到目前为止我们没有任何问题。
including prep.包括…在内; include vt.包括；如：
They have many pets, including three cats.他们有很多宠物，猫就有三只。
The farm includes 150 acres. 这个农场有 150 英亩。
Part B3
4. Have you ever thought about how to stay safe in natural disasters and emergencies P(116)
你是否思考过如何在自然灾害和紧急事件中保障安全？
thought 是动词 think 的过去分词，和前面的助动词 have 构成现在完成时；
5. Well, if you are in a flood, you should go outside and get to high ground, away from the water.
P(116) 若遭遇洪水，应前往地势高处避开洪水。// However, if you are in a typhoon, you
should go inside the nearest building. It is dangerous to be outside in the typhoon because you
could get hit by something. P(116) 若遇台风，则需进入最近建筑的室内。台风天气滞留户外
十分危险，可能被坠落物击中。// In an earthquake, if you can't get out quickly, stay under a
strong desk or table. And don't stand near a window as you could get hurt. P(116) 地震时若无
法快速撤离，应躲在坚固的桌椅下方，且勿站立在窗边以免受伤。
-“if 引导的条件状语从句”：If + 条件（一般现在时），主句（should / can / could + 动词
原形或一般将来时等）；如：She gets very upset if I exclude her from anything.如果有什么事
我将她排除在外，她就会非常难过。
-“as”此处意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；如：
As it was raining, we decided to stay indoors. 因为下雨了，我们决定待在室内。
6. If you are in a building on fire, you should get out as soon as possible. To protect yourself from
the thick smoke, you can cover your mouth and nose with a wet piece of cloth. P(116) 若身处起
火建筑，应尽快撤离。可用湿布捂住口鼻防浓烟呛伤保护自己。
-get out as soon as possible 尽快逃出；as soon as possible 尽快；
-To protect yourself from the thick smoke“保护自己免受浓烟伤害”是动词不定式作目的状语；
7. If you see a car accident, you should make an emergency call as soon as possible. Check if the
people in the cars are OK, and don't move them if they are badly hurt. It is also helpful to place
emergency signs around the cars to avoid another accident. P(116) 若目睹车祸，须立即拨打紧
急电话，检查车内人员状况，伤重者不可随意移动。还应在车辆四周放置警示标志防止二
次事故。
动词不定式 to place emergency signs around the cars to avoid another accident 是真正的主语，
用形式主语 it 来代替；其中不定式 to avoid another accident 作目的状语；
sign n.标牌，指示牌; avoid vt. 避免，防止；avoid sth/doing sth; 如：
He tried to avoid the traffic jam by taking a different route.他通过走不同的路线来试图避开交
通堵塞。You should avoid making the same mistake.你应避免犯同样的错误。
Part C
8. Sure. First clean the wound. P(117) 当然。首先清洁伤口。
wound n.伤，伤口；v. “使受伤；伤害”；a wound in/to…在……上的伤口；//be wounded in…
在……部位受伤；如：
She cried because she had a wound in the arm after playing football.她哭了，因为她踢完足球后
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手臂上有个伤口。
He was wounded in the leg during the war.他在战争中腿部受伤。
9. I see. What should I do if it's bleeding P(117) 我明白了。如果在流血，我该怎么办？// What
can I do if I can't stop the bleeding P(117) 如果止不住流血，我该怎么办？
bleed vi.流血，失血； bleed to death 因流血过多而死亡；bleeding 动名词和现在分词；blood
n. 血（不可数名词）；如：
His finger is bleeding.他的手指在流血。Blood is very important to our body.血液对我们的身体
非常重要。
10. Tie a piece of clean cloth round the wound, and press it firmly for 10 to 15 minutes. P(117) 在
伤口周围绑上一块干净的布，并用力按压十到十五分钟。
press vt.& vi.按，压；pressure n. 压力；如：
He pressed the button to start the machine.他按下按钮启动机器。
He pressed his ear against the door to listen.他把耳朵贴在门上听。
He is under a lot of pressure because of his job.由于工作原因，他承受着很大的压力。
firmly adv. 紧紧地; firm adj.坚固的; 坚定的; 稳固的; 如：
“I can manage,” she said firmly. “我能应付，”她坚定地说。
They remained firm friends.他们依然友情甚笃。
11. If it's serious, you should go and see a doctor right away. P(117) 如果很严重，你应该马上去
看医生。
right away 立即，马上；如：
He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away.他病了，你应该立即请大夫来。
拓展：right now 和 right away 的区别。
right now 表示的是现在这个时刻，在说话的时候，正在发生的动作。例如：“I am leaving
right now.”（我正在离开）。
right away 则表示立即、马上，通常用于强调某个动作或事件应该尽快发生。例如：“Please
call me right away if you have any questions.”（如果你有任何问题，请立即给我打电话）。
Part D2
12. After the tidal wave passed, the police checked to see if everyone was OK and warmed us to
stay away from the beach for a few days. P(118) 海啸过后，警察检查了每个人是否安全，并
警告我们要远离海滩几天。
“if”此处意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，可根据需要使用任何时态；如：
I don’t know if she will come tomorrow. If she comes, I’ll let you know.我不知道她明天是否来，
如果她来，我就告诉你。
warn vt. &vi. 警告，告诫; warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告（劝诫）某人（不）要做某事; warn
against (doing) sth. 警告不要做某事; warning n. 警告；警示；如：
The teacher warned his students to arrive at school before 7 a.m.老师提醒他的学生们要 7 点前
到校。
The teacher warned his students against being late.老师提醒学生不要迟到。
His mother warned him not to go out in the evening. 他母亲警告他晚上不要出去。
The red light is a warning of danger ahead.红灯是前方危险的警示。
13. They told us that there was an earthquake a few kilometres away under the sea, and it caused
the tidal wave. P(118) 他们告诉我们几公里远的海底发生了地震，导致了海啸。
that there was an earthquake a few kilometres away under the sea, and it caused the tidal wave.
是 that 引导的宾语从句，作“told”的宾语，用陈述语序，that 可以省略；从句内部用“and”
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连接“地震发生”和“引发海啸”两个分句，清晰体现因果关系。
14. Luckily, no one was hurt or killed. All of us were happy that we were safe. P(118)幸运的是，
没有人受伤或死亡。我们都高兴自己安然无恙。
副词 Luckily 修饰后面的整个句子 no one was hurt or killed。
that we were safe 是 that 引导的宾语从句，作“be happy”的宾语，用陈述语序。
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