资源简介

一、科学类阅读理解
China’s Tiangong space station has made another great sci-tech breakthrough — Chinese scientists have found a new bacterial strain（生物菌株，品种） in the orbital outpost, named Niallia tiangongensis. This is the first new species discovered inside Tiangong since its completion two and a half years ago.
The microbe was collected by astronauts during the Shenzhou XV mission in May 2023. They used sterile（无菌的，消过毒的） wipes to get samples from the space station’s inner surfaces and stored them at low temperatures before sending them back to Earth for analysis. After high-resolution imaging and genetic tests, researchers confirmed it belongs to the Niallia genus（生物分类属） but is genetically different from its Earth relatives.
Notably, the new microbe can survive in Tiangong’s extreme environment and repairs space radiation damage better than similar Earth bacteria. This discovery is vital for protecting astronauts’ health and keeping spacecraft functional during long space missions. It may also be used in agriculture, industry and medicine in the future.
Tiangong has supported many world-class scientific achievements, from space-grown rice to advanced space experiments. By December last year, 181 sci-tech projects had been carried out there, with nearly 100 types of samples and massive data sent back to Earth. This new microbe discovery further shows China’s growing strength in space science and technology.
1. When and where was the new bacterial strain collected
A. In May 2023, on the Moon.
B. In May 2023, inside the Tiangong space station.
C. In December last year, on Earth.
D. Two and a half years ago, in a lab.
2. What can we infer about Niallia tiangongensis from the passage
A. It is the same as some bacteria found on Earth.
B. It cannot survive in extreme environments.
C. It may help improve long space missions.
D. It has been used in agriculture already.
3. Why does the writer mention “space-grown rice” in the passage
A. To show Tiangong’s role in scientific achievements.
B. To compare it with the new microbe.
C. To explain how the microbe was discovered.
D. To introduce China’s agricultural development.
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. How astronauts collect samples in space.
B. The importance of space radiation research.
C. A new microbe discovered in Tiangong and its value.
D. China’s plans for future space missions.
一、核心重难点词汇及短语 sci-tech breakthrough：科技突破；同义短语 technological breakthrough bacterial strain：细菌菌株；核心词 strain 表“生物品种、菌株” orbital outpost：轨道前哨（此处特指空间站）；outpost 本义“偏远驻地、前哨” sterile：无菌的、消过毒的；反义为 contaminated（受污染的） genetic tests：基因检测；派生词拓展：gene（n. 基因）→ genetic（adj. 基因的）→ genetically（adv. 从基因上） genus：（生物）属；复数形式为 genera extreme environment：极端环境；固定搭配 survive in extreme environments（在极端环境中存活） radiation damage：辐射损伤；拓展词汇：radiation（n. 辐射）→ radioactive（adj. 放射性的） spacecraft functional：航天器正常运行；functional 表“功能正常的、实用的”，区别于 function（n. 功能 v. 运转） massive data：海量数据；massive 表“大量的、巨大的”，可替换 many/large amounts of carry out：开展、实施；固定搭配后接 project/experiment/research 等名词 二、长难句分析+翻译 1. They used sterile wipes to get samples from the space station’s inner surfaces and stored them at low temperatures before sending them back to Earth for analysis. 结构分析： 主干为并列谓语结构（used...and stored...），before sending...为介词短语作时间状语（高考考点：介词+doing形式）；to get samples为目的状语，from the space station’s inner surfaces为地点状语，at low temperatures为方式状语。 翻译：宇航员使用无菌擦拭巾从空间站的内表面采集样本，并在低温下储存，之后将其送回地球进行分析。 2. Notably, the new microbe can survive in Tiangong’s extreme environment and repairs space radiation damage better than similar Earth bacteria. 结构分析： 主干为并列谓语（can survive...and repairs...），notably为插入语（高考考点：插入语的识别与翻译）；better than...引导比较状语从句（省略了can repair）。 翻译：值得注意的是，这种新型微生物能在天宫空间站的极端环境中存活，且修复空间辐射损伤的能力优于地球上的同类细菌。
二、文化类阅读理解
China’s intangible cultural heritage (ICH) is gaining new life as young people blend traditional arts with modern trends. From handcrafted paper-cutting to dynamic shadow puppetry, these age-old cultural treasures are attracting a new generation of fans.
Take the 1,000-year-old art of paper-cutting for example. Once used mainly for festival decorations, it now appears on fashion clothes, phone cases and even digital artworks. Young designers combine traditional patterns like dragons and peonies with modern aesthetics（美学，审美）, making the art form popular on social media.
Shadow puppetry is another success story. Performers now use LED lights and sound effects to enhance（增强，提升） shows, while storytelling focuses on topics like environmental protection and youth dreams. Many schools also offer ICH workshops, letting students learn to make puppets or play traditional instruments.
The government has played a key role in protecting ICH, listing over 1,500 items and supporting training programs. More importantly, young people’s creativity is breathing new life into these traditions. By connecting the past with the present, they are ensuring that cultural heritage not only survives but thrives（繁荣，兴旺） in the modern world.
1. What are traditional paper-cutting patterns mentioned in the passage
A. Dragons and peonies.
B. LED lights and sound effects.
C. Environmental themes.
D. Digital artworks.
2. How many ICH items has the government listed
A. Over 1,000.
B. Over 1,500.
C. Nearly 2,000.
D. About 500.
3. What does the underlined word "thrives" probably mean in the last paragraph
A. Disappears slowly.
B. Develops well.
C. Stays the same.
D. Becomes expensive.
4. （推理判断）What can we infer from the passage
A. Paper-cutting is only used for festival decorations now.
B. Shadow puppetry shows still focus on old stories only.
C. Young people’s creativity helps ICH develop in modern life.
D. The government is the only one protecting ICH.
一、核心重点词汇、短语及固定搭配 intangible cultural heritage (ICH)：非物质文化遗产 blend...with...：将……与……融合；固定搭配，同义替换 mix...with... handcrafted：手工制作的；派生词：handcraft（v. 手工制作 n. 手工艺品） dynamic：动态的；有活力的；反义 static（静态的） age-old：古老的；历史悠久的；同义短语 time-honored，修饰 cultural treasures/traditions 等名词 take...for example：以……为例，可替换 for instance decoration：装饰；装饰品；派生词 decorate（v. 装饰），固定搭配 decorate...with... aesthetic：美学；审美；复数形式 aesthetics combine...with...：把……和……结合起来 enhance：增强；提升；同义替换 improve/strengthen sound effect：音效 focus on：聚焦于；专注于，主语为人或物均可，后接名词/动名词 workshop：工作坊；研习班，需理解“实践型学习场所”的含义 play traditional instruments：演奏传统乐器；固定搭配，instrument 需注意复数形式 play a key role in：在……中扮演关键角色，in 后接名词/动名词 list：列出；登记；此处为动词用法，还可表“清单”（名词） support training programs：支持培训项目；固定搭配，support 后接名词作宾语 breathe new life into：为……注入新活力，比喻义用法 connect...with...：将……与……联系起来；可替换 link...with... ensure：确保；保证，后接 that 从句（从句常用情态动词） survive：存活；幸存；派生词 survival（n. 存活）、survivor（n. 幸存者） thrive：繁荣；兴旺；同义替换 flourish/prosper 二、长难句分析+翻译 1. Once used mainly for festival decorations, it now appears on fashion clothes, phone cases and even digital artworks. 结构分析： 前半句为过去分词短语（Once used...）作让步状语，相当于 Once it was used...（高考考点：省略句的识别，主从句主语一致且含 be 动词时可省略主语和 be）；主干为 it now appears on...，并列宾语 fashion clothes, phone cases and even digital artworks 由 and 连接，体现范围递进。 翻译：虽然它过去主要用于节日装饰，但现在却出现在时尚服装、手机壳甚至数字艺术品上。 2. By connecting the past with the present, they are ensuring that cultural heritage not only survives but thrives in the modern world. 结构分析： 句首 By connecting... 为介词短语作方式状语（高考考点：介词+动名词作状语）；主干为 they are ensuring that...，that 引导宾语从句；从句中含 not only...but (also)... 并列结构（高考考点：并列连词的用法），连接 survives 和 thrives 两个谓语动词。 翻译：通过将过去与现在相连，他们正确保非物质文化遗产不仅能存活下来，还能在现代社会中繁荣发展。
三、社会类阅读理解
China’s optimized visa exemption policy has become a highlight of its social and tourism development, greatly facilitating（促进，使便利） international travel and cultural exchanges. In 2024, the country improved policies like port visas and regional visa-free entry, making it easier for foreign visitors to come to China.
Data shows that the number of foreign tourists entering China via visa exemption reached 20.115 million in 2024, a year-on-year increase of 112.3%. Meanwhile, the topic "China Travel" has gone viral（走红，广泛传播） on overseas social media platforms, with related video views approaching 1 billion. Many foreign travel bloggers share their experiences in China, showcasing scenic spots, local customs and delicious food, which has attracted more global netizens to plan trips to China.
This policy not only boosts the tourism industry but also deepens people-to-people exchanges between China and foreign countries. Foreign visitors can directly experience China’s rapid development, rich culture and warm hospitality（好客，热情款待）, breaking stereotypes formed by indirect information. From the ice sculptures in Harbin to the ancient towns in Fujian, diverse travel experiences let the world see a real and vivid China.
The visa exemption policy is a vivid example of China’s opening-up. It not only drives economic growth in the tourism sector but also builds a bridge for cross-cultural communication, helping China integrate more closely with the world through people-to-people bonds.
1. What was the year-on-year increase rate of foreign tourists entering China via visa exemption in 2024
A. 100.3%
B. 112.3%
C. 20.115%
D. 1 billion%
2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as what foreign travel bloggers showcase about China
A. Scenic spots
B. Local customs
C. Advanced technology
D. Delicious food
3. What does the underlined word "stereotypes" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Fixed and oversimplified ideas
B. True and detailed descriptions
C. Recent and updated news
D. Personal and unique experiences
4. What can we infer from the passage
A. China’s visa exemption policy only benefits the tourism industry
B. Foreign visitors used to know China mainly through direct experiences
C. The policy helps promote China’s image as a real and vivid country
D. China has closed its doors to foreign visitors before 2024
一、核心重难点词汇、短语及固定搭配 optimized visa exemption policy：优化后的免签政策exemption（n. 豁免）为重点词 highlight：亮点；重点；可作名词/动词，同义替换 focus/point of attention facilitate：促进；使便利，同义替换 promote/boost，后接名词作宾语 port visa：口岸签证，需理解“入境口岸办理的签证”含义 regional visa-free entry：区域性免签入境；固定短语，visa-free 为合成形容词（免签的） year-on-year increase：同比增长，需掌握“与上年同期相比”的含义 go viral：走红；广泛传播，viral（adj. 病毒式的）为核心词 overseas social media platforms：海外社交媒体平台，platform 需注意复数形式 approach：接近；临近；此处为动词，还可表“方法”（名词） showcase：展示；展现，同义替换 display/show，比基础词汇更具文采 scenic spots：景点；固定短语，同义替换 tourist attractions local customs：风土人情；固定搭配，custom 此处表“习俗”，复数形式为常用义 hospitality：好客；热情款待，需准确记忆含义 break stereotypes：打破刻板印象；固定短语，stereotype（n. 刻板印象），常用复数 vivid：生动的；逼真的，修饰 culture/scenery/description 等 opening-up：对外开放，需注意连字符的正确使用 drive economic growth：推动经济增长；固定搭配，drive 此处表“驱动；推动” cross-cultural communication：跨文化交流，cross为前缀（跨越……的） integrate with：与……融合；固定搭配，integrate（v. 融合；融入），后接介词 with people-to-people bonds：人文纽带；固定短语，bond 此处表“联系；纽带” 二、长难句分析+翻译 1. Many foreign travel bloggers share their experiences in China, showcasing scenic spots, local customs and delicious food, which has attracted more global netizens to plan trips to China. 结构分析：主干为 Many foreign travel bloggers share their experiences in China；showcasing... 为现在分词短语作伴随状语（高考考点：分词作状语，逻辑主语与主句一致）；which 引导非限制性定语从句（高考考点：定语从句关系词用法），指代前文整个主句的内容，从句中含 attract sb. to do sth. 固定搭配（吸引某人做某事）。 翻译：许多外国旅游博主分享他们在中国的经历，展示各地景点、风土人情和美食，这吸引了更多全球网民计划中国之行。 2. It not only drives economic growth in the tourism sector but also builds a bridge for cross-cultural communication, helping China integrate more closely with the world through people-to-people bonds. 结构分析：主干含 not only...but also... 并列结构（高考考点：并列连词的用法），连接 drives 和 builds 两个谓语动词；helping... 为现在分词短语作结果状语（高考考点：分词表结果，强调自然而然的结果）；through people-to-people bonds 为介词短语作方式状语，修饰 integrate with。 翻译：该政策不仅推动了旅游行业的经济增长，还搭建了跨文化交流的桥梁，通过人文纽带帮助中国更紧密地与世界融合。
四、运动类阅读理解
With the Milano-Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics drawing near, China’s winter sports sector continues to grow strongly, building on the legacy of the 2022 Beijing Games. An industry report from the 2025 World Winter Sports Expo shows that China’s winter sports market hit 980 billion yuan (about $138 billion) in 2024 and is expected to top 1 trillion yuan by the end of 2025. It is also well on track to reach the 1.5-trillion-yuan goal set by the State Council for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30).
Public interest in winter sports remains high. During the 2024-25 winter season, China’s revenue from winter sports and related leisure activities rose 25% year-on-year to 187.5 billion yuan. Infrastructure support, such as more high-speed railways linking ski resorts to cities and new indoor ski venues, has further pushed this growth. For example, a new indoor ski resort in Shenzhen—where snow is rare—welcomed around 200,000 visitors in its first eight days after opening in late September.
International leaders in winter sports have spoken highly of China’s progress. Giovanni Malago, head of the Milano-Cortina 2026 organizing committee, noted that Beijing 2022 raised global awareness of winter sports and that his team has learned from China’s experience. Johan Eliasch, president of the International Ski and Snowboard Federation, praised China’s role in popularizing winter sports, saying the country’s momentum is inspiring for the whole world.
（ ）1. What was China’s winter sports market size in 2024 according to the 2025 World Winter Sports Expo report
A. 1 trillion yuan
B. 980 billion yuan
C. 1.5 trillion yuan
D. 187.5 billion yuan
（ ）2. What can we infer from the example of the indoor ski resort in Shenzhen
A. Shenzhen has a long history of developing winter sports.
B. Indoor ski resorts are more popular than outdoor ones in China.
C. China’s winter sports infrastructure is helping attract public interest.
D. Shenzhen is the only city in China with indoor ski resorts.
（ ）3. The underlined word “momentum” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A. pressure
B. progress
C. difficulty
D. challenge
（ ）4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The Milano-Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics will learn from Beijing 2022.
B. China’s winter sports industry is developing rapidly after Beijing 2022.
C. Indoor ski resorts are becoming a new trend in China’s winter sports.
D. International leaders praise China’s contribution to winter sports.
一、重要词汇、短语及固定搭配 draw near：临近，接近。例如：The exam is drawing near, and students are busy reviewing.（考试临近了，学生们都在忙着复习。） build on：以……为基础，建立在……之上。例如：We should build on our previous achievements.（我们应该在以往的成就基础上继续发展。） hit：达到。例如：The company's profits hit a new high last year.（该公司去年的利润达到了新高。） be expected to：预计，有望。例如：She is expected to win the competition.（她有望在比赛中获胜。） top：超过，高于。例如：The price of the house topped one million yuan.（这所房子的价格超过了一百万元。） on track：走上正轨，在轨道上。例如：Our project is on track and will be completed on time.（我们的项目进展顺利，将按时完成。） year-on-year：同比。例如：The sales volume has increased by 10% year-on-year.（销售额同比增长了10%。） speak highly of：高度评价。例如：The teacher spoke highly of his performance in the class.（老师高度评价了他在课堂上的表现。） 二、长难句分析 1. With the Milano-Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics drawing near, China’s winter sports sector continues to grow strongly, building on the legacy of the 2022 Beijing Games. 分析：“With the Milano-Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics drawing near”是with复合结构，作状语，表示时间或原因，其中“drawing near”是现在分词短语作宾语补足语。“building on the legacy of the 2022 Beijing Games”是现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明中国冬季体育行业发展的基础。句子的主干是“China’s winter sports sector continues to grow strongly”。 翻译：随着2026年米兰 科尔蒂纳冬奥会的临近，中国的冬季体育行业在2022年北京奥运会遗产的基础上继续强劲发展。 2. Giovanni Malago, head of the Milano-Cortina 2026 organizing committee, noted that Beijing 2022 raised global awareness of winter sports and that his team has learned from China’s experience. 分析：“Giovanni Malago”是句子的主语，“head of the Milano-Cortina 2026 organizing committee”是同位语，对Giovanni Malago进行解释说明。“noted”是谓语动词，后面接了两个that引导的宾语从句，分别是“that Beijing 2022 raised global awareness of winter sports”和“that his team has learned from China’s experience”。 翻译：2026年米兰 科尔蒂纳冬奥会组委会主席乔瓦尼·马拉戈指出，2022年北京奥运会提高了全球对冬季运动的认识，并且他的团队已经从中国的经验中学习到了很多。
答案详解
一、科学类阅读理解
【文章导读】
本文是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述中国科学家在天宫空间站发现新型微生物Niallia tiangongensis的过程、特性及其科学价值。
【答案详解】
1. B 细节理解题。根据原文第二段第一句“The microbe was collected by astronauts during the Shenzhou XV mission in May 2023”和第一段“found a new bacterial strain in the orbital outpost（指代Tiangong space station）”，明确新菌株的采集时间为2023年5月，地点是天宫空间站内。A选项“月球”、C选项“地球、去年12月”、D选项“两年半前、实验室”均与原文信息矛盾，故排除。
2. C 推理判断题。原文第三段提到“this discovery is vital for protecting astronauts’ health and keeping spacecraft functional during long space missions”，由此可推理该微生物对优化长期太空任务有帮助。A选项与“genetically different from its Earth relatives”不符；B选项与“can survive in Tiangong’s extreme environment”相反；D选项与“may also be used in agriculture in the future”（尚未投入使用）矛盾，故排除。
3. A 推理判断题。第四段首句点明“Tiangong has supported many world-class scientific achievements”，随后列举“space-grown rice”是为了举例论证天宫空间站在推动重大科学成果中的作用。B选项“对比微生物”、C选项“解释发现过程”、D选项“介绍农业发展”均未契合原文逻辑，故排除。
4. C 主旨大意题。文章围绕天宫空间站发现的新型微生物展开，依次介绍其发现过程、独特特性及科研价值，最后呼应天宫空间站的科研意义。A选项“宇航员采集样本的方式”、B选项“太空辐射研究的重要性”仅为局部细节；D选项“中国未来太空计划”在原文中未提及，均非文章主旨，故排除。
二、文化类阅读理解
【文章导读】
本文是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述中国非物质文化遗产在年轻人的创意与现代趋势融合下焕发新生，以及相关保护与发展情况。
【答案详解】
1. A 细节理解题。根据原文第二段第三句“Young designers combine traditional patterns like dragons and peonies with modern aesthetics”，明确提到的传统剪纸图案是龙和牡丹。B（LED灯和音效）是皮影戏的改进手段，C（环保主题）是皮影戏的故事主题，D（数字艺术品）是剪纸的现代应用形式，均不符合题意，故排除。
2. B 细节理解题。原文第四段第一句“The government has played a key role in protecting ICH, listing over 1,500 items”直接给出政府已列入名录的非物质文化遗产项目数量超过1500项，A、C、D选项的数字均与原文不符，故排除。
3. B词义猜测题。结合前文“not only survives but thrives”，“not only...but...”表示递进关系，“survives”意为“存活”，由此可推测“thrives”应是比“存活”更进一步的含义。再结合上下文“年轻人的创意为传统注入新生”，可知“thrives”指“繁荣，兴旺”，与B选项“发展良好”表意一致。A（慢慢消失）、C（保持不变）、D（变得昂贵）均与语境不符，故排除。
4. C 推理判断题。原文首句提到“young people blend traditional arts with modern trends”，尾段强调“young people’s creativity is breathing new life into these traditions”，可推断年轻人的创意助力非物质文化遗产在现代生活中发展。A与“it now appears on fashion clothes...digital artworks”矛盾；B与“storytelling focuses on topics like environmental protection and youth dreams”不符；D中“the only one”过于绝对，原文提到政府和年轻人都发挥了作用，故排除A、B、D。
三、社会类阅读理解
【文章导读】
本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述中国2024年优化签证豁免政策后，入境旅游显著增长，同时促进中外人文交流与对外开放。
【答案详解】
1. B 细节理解题。根据原文第二段第一句“a year-on-year increase of 112.3%”，直接明确2024年通过签证豁免入境的外国游客同比增长率为112.3%。A、C、D选项的数值均与原文不符，故排除。
2. C 细节理解题。原文第二段提到“showcasing scenic spots, local customs and delicious food”，明确列出了外国旅游博主展示的中国元素，其中未提及“先进技术”（Advanced technology）。A、B、D均为原文明确提到的内容，故排除。
3. A 词义猜测题。结合上下文“foreign visitors can directly experience China’s... breaking stereotypes formed by indirect information”，可知游客通过直接体验打破了由间接信息形成的认知，“stereotypes”应指基于间接信息形成的、不够全面的固定看法。A选项“固定且简化的想法”符合语境；B（真实详细的描述）、C（最新消息）、D（个人独特经历）均与“间接信息形成的认知”不符，故排除。
4. C 推理判断题。原文第三段提到“diverse travel experiences let the world see a real and vivid China”，而这一结果得益于签证豁免政策带来的更多入境游客，可推断该政策有助于宣传中国真实生动的国家形象。A与“not only boosts the tourism industry but also deepens people-to-people exchanges”矛盾；B与“breaking stereotypes formed by indirect information”不符（说明过去多通过间接信息了解中国）；D中“closed its doors”过于绝对，原文仅提到2024年优化政策，未提及此前关闭入境通道，故排除A、B、D。
四、运动类阅读理解
【文章导读】
本文是一篇说明文，聚焦中国冰雪运动产业发展；主要讲述2022年北京冬奥会后，中国冰雪运动市场规模扩大、基础设施完善，且获得国际高度认可的现状。
【答案详解】
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“An industry report from the 2025 World Winter Sports Expo shows that China’s winter sports market hit 980 billion yuan... in 2024”可知，2024年中国冰雪运动市场规模为9800亿元，对应选项B。A（1万亿元）是2025年底预期目标，C（1.5万亿元）是“十四五”规划目标，D（1875亿元）是2024-25雪季冰雪运动及相关休闲活动收入，均不符合题意。
2. C 推理判断题。第二段先提出“基础设施支持推动冰雪运动发展”，再以深圳室内滑雪场“开业前8天接待约20万名游客”为例，说明基础设施（室内滑雪场）能吸引公众参与，与选项C“中国冰雪运动基础设施有助于吸引公众兴趣”一致。A（深圳发展冰雪运动历史悠久）与原文“深圳降雪稀少”矛盾；B（室内滑雪场比室外更受欢迎）原文未对比；D（深圳是中国唯一有室内滑雪场的城市）中“only”过于绝对，原文无依据，故排除A、B、D。
3. B 词义猜测题。最后一段提到国际人士高度评价中国冰雪运动的发展，Johan Eliasch“赞扬中国在推广冰雪运动中的作用”，并指出中国的“momentum”对全球有启发。结合前文“中国冰雪运动产业持续增长”的背景，“momentum”应指“发展势头/进展”，与选项B“progress（进展）”语义相近。A（压力）、C（困难）、D（挑战）均与“赞扬”“启发”的积极语境不符，故排除A、C、D。
4. B 主旨大意题。文章开篇点明“中国冰雪运动产业依托2022年北京冬奥会遗产持续强劲增长”，后文通过市场数据、基础设施案例、国际评价进一步支撑这一核心观点。选项B“北京2022年后中国冰雪运动产业快速发展”准确概括全文主旨。A（2026年米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会将借鉴北京2022年经验）仅为国际评价的细节；C（室内滑雪场成为中国冰雪运动新趋势）是基础设施的举例；D（国际人士赞扬中国对冰雪运动的贡献）是侧面支撑，均非全文主旨，故排除A、C、D。

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