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（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）
Sports might have started as a way to survive. Long ago, people ran, jumped, and climbed to stay alive. Hunters were known for their special skills. Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. The ancient Greeks made a big change by holding the first Olympic Games.
Modern sports began in England in the early 19th century and then spread globally. These became the models for sports such as football that we play now.
Sports come in many shapes and sizes. Organized sports, whether swimming or ice hockey, are serious forms of play. There are rules to obey, skills and positions to learn, and plans to carry out. Team sports like soccer require you to work with teammates, while individual (个人的) sports such as tennis focus on your personal performance.
There’s no doubt that sports are valuable. The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world. Organized sports get us using our bodies and minds, which makes us more imaginative, curious, and creative. The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work.
In an ideal world, sports would always be fun. But in reality, sports can cause physical hurt like broken bones, and also harm in mind. In team sports, misunderstandings and hurt feelings are part of the learning process. Sports are supposed to bring people together, but they can also drive people apart. But even when they’re not always a cheerful experience, they show us how to face life’s challenges.
You don’t have to be on a school team. But many, like school coaches, have found ways to make play their work, which makes them feel whole.
There’s no better place to play and learn about the world than on a sports field. No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner.
1．In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage
A．Travel. B．Nature. C．Technology. D．Entertainment.
2．Why is play important for teenagers according to the passage
A．It reduces their physical hurt easily. B．It improves their mind and body health.
C．It helps them have more time for sleep. D．It teaches them how to win competitions.
3．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion
A．People should try to become a famous athlete.
B．People can play mainly for fun and enjoyment.
C．Trying team sports is better than individual ones.
D．Avoiding sports that cause hurt is the best choice.
4．What may be the best title for the passage
A．The Styles of Sports B．The History of Sports
C．The Charm of Sports D．The Challenges of Sports
（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）
①Do you sometimes feel too afraid to try new things If you want to grow and get better, you need to take risks and challenge yourself. But your brain often tells you to stay safe. It might say, “Don’t bother trying something new.” Even when these thoughts aren’t reasonable, our anxiety (担心) can still win. Instead of thinking about the good things that could happen, we worry more about “What if something goes wrong ”
②Avoiding all risks might seem smart, but it can make you feel unhappy. The problem is that we often make decisions based on feelings, not facts. We think, “The more scared I feel, the riskier it is.” But feelings aren’t always reasonable. If we knew how to think about risks clearly, we’d know which risks are worth taking. For example, trying a new hobby like painting might feel scary at first, but it could bring you joy and new skills.
③Whether you’re afraid to change your job or too nervous to ask a friend for coffee, learning to take “good risks” can improve your life. Here are good ways to help.
④Balance feelings with facts. Many times, we think fear means something risky. But that’s not true. For example, driving a car feels safe because we do it every day, but giving a speech in public might make your heart beat fast. Yet the fact shows that car accidents are much more common than getting hurt while speaking! So before you avoid doing something scary, take three deep breaths and ask yourself, “What’s the real risk here ”
⑤Take steps to succeed. You can do many small things to lower risks. If you’re nervous about a test, make a study plan and review each day—this helps you feel more prepared. It’s okay to feel butterflies in your stomach when you try something new. Facing fear helps build your mental muscle, just like exercising builds physical muscle. So, taking smart risks helps you become mentally stronger. Each time you try something scary, you will learn to deal with uncertainty and anxiety. You’ll also get new skills and grow from mistakes. If you try out for a dance team and don’t make it, you can ask for the reason and then practise more. With practice, you’ll get better at facing risks, and your chances of success will rise.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the first two paragraphs
A．Avoiding risks is a smart way to stay happy.
B．Taking risks requires us to trust our feelings.
C．Our brain often tells us to face challenges bravely.
D．Our feelings often influence us to make decisions.
6．What does the underlined phrase “build your mental muscle” mean in the last paragraph
A．Develop strength in your mind. B．Exercise your body to stay healthy.
C．Think mainly about cheerful things. D．Avoid situations that make you afraid.
7．What is the structure of this passage (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2...)
A． B． C． D．
8．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Taking smart risks can push us forward.
B．Trying many small things can reduce risks.
C．Learning clearly about real risks can help a lot.
D．Practising more can help deal with risks better.
（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）
For those whose hearts often go off beat, pacemakers (心脏起搏器) are life savers. By providing a small electrical support at the right moment, they can keep a heart working properly.
Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations. Since operations are usually best avoided, the search has been on for long-lasting batteries. Different choices have been explored for a long time. Today, pacemakers with lithium (锂) batteries last between 5 and 15 years.
Zhang Hao, from Shanghai Second Military Medical University, and Yang Bin, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, tried a way to refill a pacemaker’s battery with electricity (电) by getting energy from inside the body. They report in the magazine ACS Nano that they have also used the heart muscle (肌肉) itself to work. Earlier efforts by other scientists to use heart muscle power to run pacemakers depend on piezoelectric materials (压电材料). These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲). This has worked, but not well enough: the output has rarely been over 5 microwatts (微瓦), while most pacemakers require at least ten.
Dr Zhang and Dr Yang believed that they could improve matters by making their piezoelectric materials more dramatically deformed, and then produce 15 microwatts, because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced. They put their idea to the test in a 50kg pig. It made enough electricity for the pacemaker to work as expected.
Whether such an idea will pass human tests remains to be seen. But if it does, the days of pacemakers that need battery changes through operations may not last long.
9．According to the first two paragraphs, what is a problem with pacemakers
A．They often go off beat.
B．Their energy can be used up.
C．Operations often influence them.
D．They sometimes do harm to hearts.
10．From this passage, what do we know about piezoelectric materials
A．They can be used to produce electricity.
B．They can deform the heart to make it beat faster.
C．They were first used by Zhang Hao and Yang Bin.
D．They were proved to produce 15 microwatts in human tests.
11．What does the word “dramatically” in the 4th paragraph most probably mean
A．Comfortably. B．Safely. C．Greatly. D．Rapidly.
12．What is the best title for this article
A．No Need to Use Pacemakers
B．The Problem with Piezoelectric Materials
C．The Contribution of Chinese Scientists to Heart Operations
D．Chinese Scientists Found a New Way to Improve Pacemakers
（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）
Hundreds of years ago, ideas like flying to another city through the air sounded like dreams. Yet now scientific study has made them real. Could other fairy tales come true someday
Sleeping BeautyCould anyone sleep for 100 years Probably not. The daily cycle of sleep and waking is set in your body. But animals like bears can hibernate (冬眠) through the winter until it warms. If scientists can work out how animals hibernate, maybe one day people could hibernate too. It would be great for astronauts to sleep through the long space journey. But hibernating animals still grow older, so a future Sleeping Beauty might wake up as a Sleeping Grandma.
Talk to AnimalsTalking to animals isn’t quite easy. But scientists are trying. Tiny cameras and microphones have collected thousands of hours of animal conversations. Powerful computer programs study animal sounds and match them with possible meanings. Soon they may let us talk back. But there are still challenges. Many animals communicate with smells, body language, and sounds that humans can’t hear. And animals don’t think like people. So, when we think they’re giving directions to the castle, they’re more likely to be saying “This is my tree!”
Let Down Your HairRapunzel lowers her long hair to let visitors in. But could hair really hold up a prince Surprisingly, yes! A scientific study has found out that a single hair can hold 3 ounces, the weight of a small tomato. And a common head has about 100,000 hairs. All those together could hold up a couple of elephants. A prince No problem. However, Rapunzel would also need a shorter tower. Human hair only grows a few feet long. The longest hair ever recorded is about 18 feet long—pretty short for a tower.
13．If astronauts could hibernate, they would ________.
A．stop growing completely B．sleep through space travel
C．need more food and water D．communicate with animals
14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Animals think like people in giving directions.
B．Scientists have succeeded in talking back to animals.
C．A common person’s hair could hold up a giant panda.
D．Rapunzel in the fairy tale has the longest hair in history.
15．What is the main purpose of this passage
A．To discuss new inventions for space travel.
B．To tell us how scientists influence fairy tales.
C．To compare different animals’ talking habits.
D．To show scientific possibilities behind fairy tales.
（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）
Citizen science is when public volunteers take part in scientific projects by collecting information or monitoring (监测) possible problems and then report their findings back to research groups. This method is meaningful because it allows scientists to get lots of information and better understand animals, nature and more.
As a teenager student, you can join in different kinds of such projects. Below are some great ideas you can consider.
Watch frogs (青蛙)
Join Frog Watch to help monitor wetland frog populations. Your efforts will help scientists check populations and detect any rare or alien kinds early. Learn more at frogwatch.next.fieldscope.org.
Watch stars
The online Galaxy Zoo project lets you look at space photos and put them into different groups by shape so that scientists can learn more about what is in outer space—and you don’t even need a telescope (望远镜)! Visit galaxyzoo.org to find out more.
Count birds
Join the Summer Bird Count from July 20 to August 10. Many citizen scientists will get together and count all the birds they see to help scientists learn more about how birds travel. Visit summerbirdcount.org to get more information.
Take water samples (样本)
Visit monitorwater.org to order a lesson that will teach you how to test water for pH, temperature and freshness. Enter your results on their website to help scientists better understand the state of the world’s water.
16．Why do you join a citizen science project
A．To make money. B．To become a scientist.
C．To help with science research. D．To train others on scientific knowledge.
17．What should you pay attention to when you watch stars
A．Size. B．Shape. C．Number. D．Quality.
18．If you are interested in chemistry, you can visit ________.
A．frogwatch.next.fieldscope.org B．galaxyzoo.org
C．summerbirdcount.org D．monitorwater.org
（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）
Material ☆A wide glass jar with a lid ☆Very hot water ☆Some ice ☆A match Very important! Only parents deal with matches!!!
Steps 1. Turn the lid upside down and fill it with ice. 2. Fill the jar about 1.5cm with very hot water. 3. Ask your parent to light a match. Then blow out the match just above the jar. Hold the smoking stick inside to make smoke from the match fill the jar. 4. Quickly put the lid with ice on the jar. Cover the jar completely. 5. Let the cloud form for a few minutes. Then take the lid off and meet the cloud.
Result A real cloud comes up. But it is not round and it disappears soon.
19．What is the purpose of the experiment
A．To make a cloud. B．To fill the jar with ice. C．To turn down the lid upside down.
20．Why can only parents deal with matches
A．Because the match is expensive.
B．Because the boy doesn’t like the match.
C．Because lighting a match is dangerous for children.
21．Which are needed in the experiment
A．Some ice and very hot water.
B．A match and some paper.
C．A wide glass and cold water.
22．What’s the right order of “making a cloud”
A．⑤①④②③ B．⑤①②④③ C．③④①②⑤
23．Which of the following is TRUE about the result of the experiment
A．A real cloud doesn’t come up.
B．The cloud they made isn’t round.
C．The cloud they made lasts for long.
（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）
Brazilian artist Vik Muniz uses everyday objects in unusual ways. Through his art, Muniz makes people think differently about their everyday lives-even their own rubbish.
In 2007, Muniz worked on a two-year project at one of the world’s largest landfills. Until its closure in 2012, Jardim Gramacho received about 70 percent of the rubbish from Rio de Janeiro. About 3,000 rubbish pickers, known as catadores, worked there. Their job was to hunt through the rubbish for recyclable cans, bottles, and other materials. They then made money by selling the objects to recycling companies.
The catadores’ work was dirty and dangerous, and most of them only received between $20 and $25 a day. Despite the hard conditions, many catadores were proud of their work. Valter Dos Santos, a worker at Jardim Gramacho for more than 25 years, told Muniz, “I am proud to be a picker. I try to explain to people that recycling prevents great harm to nature and the environment. People sometimes say, ‘But one single soda can ’ One single can is of great importance! That single can will make the difference.”
Muniz became friends with Dos Santos and other catadores. They allowed him to take their photographs at the landfill, where they posed for artistic portraits. For example, Muniz photographed a landfill worker in the style of a famous French painting. The workers then helped Muniz create huge images of these photos on the floor of his workshop. They used materials from the landfill to add color and depth to the images.
________ Muniz says he wanted to “change the lives of people with the same materials they deal with every day.” A photograph of his recreation of the French painting sold for 28,000 ($50,000) at a London art auction. Muniz gave the money to the catadores workers’ organization.
In 2010, a movie called Waste Land was made about Muniz’s project. The film received many awards and helped make people aware of the rubbish collectors’ lives. The catadores also began to see themselves differently. “Sometimes we see ourselves as so small,” says Irma, a cook at Gramacho, “but people out there see us as so big, so beautiful.”
24．Why did the writer mention Valter Dos Santos
A．To tell the story of a catador’s life. B．To describe the catadores’ hard conditions.
C．To show the value of a catador’s work. D．To give an example of successful catadores.
25．What can we learn about Muniz’s photographs
A．They were all taken at the landfill. B．He spent a long time on each of them.
C．They were only part of his unusual creation. D．He took them in the style of famous paintings.
26．Which of the following is the most suitable for ________
A．Why take such photos of these catadores B．Why create such huge images using rubbish
C．How to help these people in a creative way D．How to turn everyday objects into art pieces
27．Which of the following shows the right order of the things that happened
a. A movie was made about Muniz’s project. b. Gramacho stopped receiving rubbish.
c. Dos Santos started working at Gramacho. d. Muniz made friends with some catadores.
A．d-c-b-a. B．c-d-b-a. C．d-c-a-b. D．c-d-a-b.
（2025·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）
China has made some changes in its food labels (标签) recently and three of them have become a heated topic.
To begin with, the government requires food labels should be made easier and clearer to read. Information, such as sugar, salt and unhealthy fats in their products, should be clearly included on the label. By doing so, the government hopes this will encourage healthier eating habits among people. At the same time, it is required that common allergens (过敏原) should be included on the label as well, which will possibly help people avoid risks.
Another new requirement is that labels such as “no additives (添加剂)” or “zero additives” should no longer be allowed. The government says labels like these have already led shoppers to believe that a product is healthy when it is in fact not. Take a famous food company as an example. In order to increase sales, the label “zero additives” was added to its products, proving there were no harmful things. However, recently the label has been questioned. Tests have found small amounts of harmful additives in its products. Many people came to believe the “zero” label was just a marketing lie.
The use of digital labels is also worth panies are being advised to have QR codes (二维码) included on food labels. This allows customers to get more information about the product. This is helpful for people who want to learn more about what they are eating. More than 400 products have already used this smart labeling system.
Food safety has always been among top cares for every Chinese. By making these changes in food labels, China hopes to help people make healthier and safer food choices.
28．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Food producers refuse changes in food labels.
B．Food labels are required to be easier and clearer.
C．Healthier eating habits will encourage clearer labels.
D．Changes in food labels are mainly about common allergens.
29．Why is a food company mentioned in Paragraph 3
A．To introduce the food company to shoppers.
B．To show the food company’s changes in food labels.
C．To prove that some labels can wrongly lead shoppers.
D．To compare “zero additives” labels with digital ones.
30．How does the writer develop the text (P1 stands for paragraph 1.)
A． B． C． D．
31．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the text
A．Food and health. B．Medical research.
C．Technology progress. D．Language and literature.
（2025·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）
We Chinese people celebrate Arbor Day (a festival for tree planting) every year on March 12. It brings us closer to each other and to the wonders of nature. Many other countries also celebrate trees with festivals and holidays. But as you will see, not all of them fall in spring.
PeruYunsa is a celebration of new life at the end of the local carnival (狂欢节). Couples take turns dancing around a small tree. After that, they cut it down. This stands for a new beginning. Following an ancient tradition, people then plant a young tree in the place of the old one.
The United KingdomThe British celebrate National Tree Week at the start of the tree-planting season in November. They also celebrate National Tree Dressing Day on the first weekend in December. On that day, they have something beautiful and special hung in the trees.
MoroccoThousands of trees in the town of Tafraoute produce many of Morocco’s almonds (杏仁). To celebrate this natural gift, Tafraoute hosts the Almond Blossom Festival every year. The date of the event depends on when the trees flower. People dance, sing and tell stories until late into the night.
IsraelTu BiShvat is known to people in Israel. It means “New Year of the Trees”. This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January or February. Tree plantings are held in schools and homes. The celebration usually begins at sunset and lasts till the following day. Many people also make donations (捐赠) to organizations that work to plant trees in Israel.
32．When do we Chinese celebrate Arbor Day
A．On March 12. B．On March 20. C．On April 12. D．On April 15.
33．Which countries celebrate tree festivals with dancing
A．Peru and Morocco. B．Israel and Morocco.
C．Peru and the United Kingdom. D．The United Kingdom and Israel.
34．What do people do in Israel for the tree festival
A．They celebrate a natural gift—almonds.
B．They cut trees down and plant new ones.
C．They make the trees beautiful with something special.
D．They have a meal and make donations to organizations.
（2025·广东广州·中考真题）
Libraries around the world still keep old books hundreds of years old. But will we be able to read today’s digital (数字的) books in hundreds of years Librarians are worried. Even now, we can’t open some files (文件) from 20 or 25 years ago. Will our digital works be lost in a digital black hole Will we face the loss of valuable information
Technology is changing fast. Old ways of keeping information are gone now, or they are no longer supported by new technology. For example, many people used floppy discs (软盘) to save files years ago, but today few machines can open them. Also, millions of songs and music pieces were saved on tapes or CDs, but now most old music players no longer work. Another problem is that websites often change or close down, and all the information on them can fall into the digital black hole.
Books, however, are quite easy to keep. We don’t need special tools or technology to read them. If you keep them in a dry and safe place, they will stay safe for a long time. Li Shizhen’s great medical book Ben Cao Gang Mu came out in 1593. Amazingly, three copies from the first printing still survive today. That’s not bad for a book more than 400 years old.
Today, to some researchers, printed books remain a safe way to keep information. In 2014, a professional group began to raise money to print a famous online encyclopedia into 1,000 books. This would make sure that even if digital technology fails, the knowledge can still be kept.
For now, when it comes to storing information, printed copies seem to be the safest choice. However, future technology might develop and provide new ways to solve the problem of the digital black hole. Time will tell.
35．What happens if our digital works fall into a digital black hole
A．They are carefully kept. B．They cannot be understood.
C．They cannot be read or reached. D．They are saved in a wrong place.
36．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How music players are developing. B．How technology is changing over time.
C．Why old machines are no longer used today. D．Why technology may cause information loss.
37．Why does the writer mention Ben Cao Gang Mu
A．To discuss why this book is still important.
B．To show printed books can last for a long time.
C．To explain how easy it is to keep printed books.
D．To tell when the earliest printed book came out.
38．What would the writer most probably agree with
A．Libraries should keep more digital books.
B．Digital books are less valuable than printed ones.
C．Technology will soon solve the problem of the digital black hole.
D．Technology is still looking for better ways to keep information.
（2025·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）
There are many ways to avoid food waste. For example, we could buy only what we need or do not order more food than we can finish. But the French city of Colmar has a more creative idea. In 2015, it started handing out free chickens to its people.
Then-mayor (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a project “one family, one hen” and put it into practice by starting to work with two chicken farms. He told the local people that the benefit of raising a chicken would be seen quickly. At first, more than 200 homes took part. Each family was given two chickens after promising to take good care of chickens. Later, the project turned out to be a big success. Over the years, more homes have joined in.
Up to now, the government has given more than five thousand chickens to homes. But don’t think of raising the chickens just for free eggs. This act has also generated positive effects on environment. The chickens are fed on what is left in a meal, and food waste has been therefore greatly reduced. “A chicken lives up to four years on average and eats about 54.75 kg of food waste every year,” said Gilbert.
There’s a deeper reason for the effort. Food waste goes bad quickly and causes more methane (甲烷) than any other type of waste. The gas has a greater long-term global warming effect than CO2. Today, around a third of the world’s food is wasted every year. That makes up 8 to 10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions (排放). It’s worth the effort to save as much food as possible from going to waste.
39．What project did Gilbert Meyer think of
A．One family, one hen. B．Work on chicken farms.
C．Buy only what we need. D．More chickens, more happiness.
40．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “generated” in Paragraph 3
A．Fought. B．Imagined. C．Produced. D．Discussed.
41．How many kilograms of food waste does a chicken probably eat in 4 years
A．54.75. B．109.5. C．164.25. D．219.
42．What can be the best title for the text
A．Chickens for Free Eggs. B．Efforts to Recycle Waste.
C．Food Waste Growing More. D．Chickens against Food Waste.
（2025·山东济宁·中考真题）
Rnabot CH-03 1200 60 505 ratings (评论) 260+ bought in the past month
Price: 1500 Company: Rnabot Model name: CH-03 Ways to connect: Wireless (无线的) Special point: Clear night vision
About this robot CH-03 is a robot that helps you stay in touch with your pets. It’s small and can move around in your house, so you can see your pets anytime you want. CH-03 lets you talk to your family or pets anytime. With your smart phone, they can hear you clearly through the robot’s speaker. CH-03 can be used by more than one person, so your family can use it together. CH-03 saves videos on a memory card (comes with 32 GB, up to 128 GB). You can download (下载) videos on your phone and share them online. It works well with iPhones and Android phones, but not with computers. What’s in the box: CH-03 robot×1, USB charger (充电器)×1, Memory card (32 GB)×1, Instruction book×1.
43．What is Rnabot CH-03
A．A moveable robot. B．A music speaker.
C．An electronic pet. D．A smart phone.
44．What can Rnabot CH-03 do
A．Play with your pets. B．Check your pet’s health.
C．Cook food for your pets. D．Save videos of your pets.
45．Which of the following can you see in the box
A． B． C． D．
46．What can we get from the introduction of Rnabot CH-03
A．It’s blind at night. B．It connects in a wireless way.
C．It works well with computers. D．About 505 people like this product.
（2025·山东济宁·中考真题）
It’s fun to visit the monkeys at the zoo and watch them play and climb. We laugh at how cute they are and talk about how much they seem like us. But in some cities, monkeys and people live together—it isn’t a pleasure at all.
In New Delhi, India, thousands of small monkeys live in the city. They steal food from street shops, break into people’s houses, and leave a mess. Sometimes they even bite (咬) people and cause blackouts (停电) and Internet problems. Every year the city grows and more forests are cut down, leaving monkeys with no wild space. Now monkeys are used to living in the city. It’s a big worry!
The government has tried many ways to keep monkeys away. Workers catch monkeys and take them to wild areas far from the city. To stop the monkeys from returning for food, trucks bring food to them. But the wild areas aren’t large enough for all the monkeys. Recently, the city also tried using paper tigers and recorded sounds to drive them away. However, monkeys quickly learn these aren’t real.
The problem won’t be easily solved. Most people like monkeys and don’t want to hurt them, but they don’t want monkeys in their homes either. The monkeys probably feel exactly the same way about us. No matter what method we choose, one thing is clear: if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours.
47．Which is a problem caused by monkeys in New Delhi
A．Making the zoo a mess. B．Breaking into people’s homes.
C．Stealing food from trucks. D．Causing harm to other animals.
48．Why is it difficult to keep monkeys away in the city
① Because monkeys refuse to eat provided food.
② Because monkey catchers cannot catch them all.
③ Because the wild areas cannot hold so many monkeys.
④ Because paper tigers and recorded sounds don’t always work.
A．①③ B．②④ C．③④ D．②③
49．Which of the following is TRUE about Paragraph 4
A．People don’t care about the monkeys living around them.
B．The government has found the best way to control monkeys.
C．Monkeys are happy to share their living space with humans.
D．Protecting monkeys’ natural homes may stop them from living in cities.
50．Where would you most probably find this passage
A．In a story book. B．In a zoo website.
C．In a wildlife magazine. D．In a guide book.
（2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）
Scientists in Australia have used Artificial Intelligence (AI) to help them locate (定位) an endangered bird called the Plains-wanderer. This new information will help scientists protect the rare (稀有的) birds.
The Plains-wanderer is a small bird that lives in Australia’s grasslands. They play an important role in controlling insects and spreading seeds, which helps create healthier habitats (栖息地) for other native wildlife in Australia. The birds were once common in eastern Australia. But that’s changed, as grasslands have been turned into farms and cities. Zoos Victoria, the group behind the recent effort to locate Plains-wanderers, says the birds’ numbers have fallen by over 85% in recent decades. Scientists believe there are now only 250 to 1,000 of the birds left in the wild.
To protect these rare birds, Zoos Victoria first had to learn where they were. Female Plains-wanderers make an unusual “Ooom” call, and this was the key to locating them. The researchers set up 35 special recording devices (装置) called "song meters" in nine different grassy areas, where Plains-wanderers could possibly have been. The song meters collected tens of thousands of hours of recordings-far more than humans could analyze (分析). Then the researchers fed the recordings to an AI system trained to identify (识别) the calls of Plains-wanderers. The AI system discovered Plains-wanderer calls coming from two of the sites. After that, the scientists double-checked and found that the AI system was correct. Chris Hartnett, who works with Zoos Victoria, says the discovery is “huge”. And it is the first time in over 30 years that the Plains-wanderer has been found west of Melbourne.
The new information of Plains-wanderers will help scientists protect the birds. The team plans to work with the land owners to help protect the birds, and the grasslands they depend on. Now, the researchers are still “listening”—using song meters and AI to try to locate more of the Plains-wanderers.
51．Where do the Plains-wanderers live
A．In Australia's grasslands. B．In Victoria Zoo. C．In the city of Melbourne.
52．Why are the Plains-wanderers endangered
A．They are too small to live in Australia’s grasslands.
B．Their habitats have been turned into farms and cities.
C．They play an important role in protecting native wildlife.
53．What is the right order of locating the Plains-wanderers
①collect enough recordings ②use AI to identify the calls
③set up recording devices ④double-check the discovery
A．①②③④ B．②③④① C．③①②④
54．What will the researchers do next according to the passage
A．Use song meters to help make AI more intelligent.
B．Work with the land owners to help grow rice better.
C．Locate more Plains-wanderers to help protect them.
（2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）
Move over, Golden Gate and Sydney Harbour. In June, 2025, China is set to open the world’s tallest bridge, the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge, which is nearing the end of construction in Guizhou, southwest China. It will be 2,051 feet above river level, which is 947 feet taller than the Millau Viaduct in France. The bridge isn’t just about breaking a record-once in operation, it will reduce travel time over the Huajiang Grand Canyon from two hours to just one minute.
On April 19, 2025, a half marathon (马拉松赛跑) was held in Beijing, China. About 12,000 runners took part. On a separate track, 21 human-like robots met the same challenge. It was the first race of its kind. The robots that raced were different shapes and sizes. The first robot to cross the finish line was Tiangong. That was far behind most human runners. But the goal of the race wasn’t to win, it was to finish. And six of the robots met that goal.
The Caihong-YH1000, one of China’s latest cargo drones (货运无人机), has completed its maiden test flight successfully on May 22, 2025. The test has got good flight data (飞行数据) and achieved its goals. Developed by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the drone has a flight range of 1,500 kilometers and a maximum operational altitude of 8,000 meters. It can fly for up to 10 hours and carry a payload of 1,200 kilograms.
55．Which will be the world’s tallest bridge
A．The Golden Gate Bridge. B．The Millau Viaduct Bridge. C．The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge.
56．How many robots finished the half marathon
A．6. B．15. C．21.
57．What is the goal of testing the Caihong-YH1000
A．To reduce travel time. B．To finish the marathon. C．To get good flight data.
（2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）
Imagine growing fuel (燃料) on trees or getting it from rubbish. Imagine cars that run on air or produce water, not pollution! All around the world, people are making surprising new fuels.
Biogas is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria (细菌). People can use animal and food waste to make biogas. Bacteria break the waste down in a special container (容器), and the gas (气体) is used for cooking and lights. Just one kilogram of waste produces enough biogas to make a light work for four hours. In Sweden, they even make biogas for cars from toilet waste!
Biofuels are made from fuels that grow. It is great because we make it from the waste parts of plants that we already grow for food. The newest biofuels are made from very small living things called algae (藻类). Algae produce more energy than other biofuels, and they can grow in places where we do not grow food, like seas and wasteland. In Brazil, cars and buses have used bioethanol for years.
The cleanest fuel is hydrogen (氢). When hydrogen burns, it just makes water, but this gas is difficult to produce. In 2010, engineers invented a machine which uses energy from the sun to make hydrogen. Other people are trying to use bacteria to make it. These “clean” ways of making hydrogen are still very new. If they become cheaper, we may all drive hydrogen cars in the future.
Every year, scientists are inventing new ways to make super fuels from the things around us. Which energy technologies will we use most in the future We do not know the answer to this question exactly. But we do know that we are starting to build a future without fossil fuels.
58．What is Biogas made from
A．Energy from the sun. B．Plants or natural waste. C．Small living things called algae.
59．Which of the following is the cleanest fuel
A．Biogas. B．Biofuels. C．Hydrogen.
60．What could be the best title of the passage
A．Super Fuels B．New Bacteria C．Special Containers
61．Which is the best structure (结构) of the passage (P1=Paragraph 1…)
A． B． C．
（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）
On a Monday morning in Amsterdam, the work day began as usual for Jim. When finishing his coffee, Jim checked text messages on his phone. Then, he got his bag and went to the nearest railway station. He wasn’t there to take the train, though. Instead, Jim chose one of the public bicycles lined up outside the station. After unlocking a bike with a smart card, he set out for his job on the other side of the city. He joined other cyclists in the bike lanes (道), safely separated from car traffic.
Amsterdam wasn’t always bicycle friendly. In fact, cycling used to be dangerous, especially during the second half of the twentieth century. This was a time of rapid growth in Amsterdam. As people got richer, they were able to afford expensive goods such as cars. For the first time, driving became popular. Highways were built for cars. This meant there was less space for cyclists. Having had a long tradition of cycling, this was a big change for the city. As car traffic increased, so did the number of biking accidents. Many of the cyclists were children.
People in Amsterdam were angry. They organized protests (抗议) in the city streets. Government officers listened. Hoping to solve the problem quickly, they started to think of ways to make the city safe for cyclists again. Soon there were separate bike lanes, and some areas were closed to cars forever. The changes were so effective (有效的) that today Amsterdam is a model of biking safety for other cities around the world.
62．How does the writer start the passage
A．By comparing two places. B．By describing a scene.
C．By answering a question. D．By listing a number.
63．Why did Jim go to the nearest railway station on work day morning
A．To work there. B．To take the train. C．To see a friend. D．To ride a bike.
64．What does the passage tell about Amsterdam
A．It has no highways for cars. B．It is always bicycle friendly.
C．It seldom sees changes. D．It is famous for biking safety.
65．What type of book is the passage probably taken from
A．Science fiction. B．Romantic novel. C．City culture. D．Detective story.
（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
Where does the water in our homes come from How do people change sea water into fresh water How does water come into our homes This passage will answer these questions.
In most places, people get their water from lakes and rivers. The water is usually seen all year round. In some places, people get their water from under the ground. They use wells to get the water. In some other places, windmills (风车) are used to get water from under the ground. In some country areas away from the city water supply, people collect rainwater that falls on their roofs (房顶). Pipes from the roofs lead the water into tanks (罐子). The water from rainwater tanks is usually clean enough to drink.
In some countries that are in need of water, fresh water is made from sea water in special treatment factories. This is called desalination (脱盐). In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind. When the steam is cooled, it becomes fresh water. Only a little salt is left in the fresh water. This makes the water taste better and also stops the pure water taking salts and minerals (矿物质) out of our bodies.
Have you seen tanks or towers on the tops of buildings These tanks or towers are used for storing clean water. Before the water is put into these tanks or towers, it goes to a water treatment factory. Some water from rivers or lakes is not clean. If we drink it directly, we may be ill. In the water treatment factory, workers make the water clean and safe for people to drink. Then pipes bring the water to our homes.
Water is very important for all living things, but sometimes there is not enough water. We should use water wisely.
66．How does the writer begin the passage
A．By comparing ideas. B．By giving examples.
C．By asking questions. D．By explaining reasons.
67．Where do people in most places get water from
A．Lakes and rivers. B．Lakes and underground water.
C．Rivers and rainwater. D．Rainwater and underground water.
68．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)
A．Rainwater. B．Salt water. C．Fresh water. D．Pure water.
69．What are tanks or towers used for according to the passage
A．Storing salt. B．Storing pipes. C．Storing minerals. D．Storing clean water.
（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
Among all types of paper, Xuan paper has earned a special place in Chinese culture. The history of Xuan paper dates back to the Tang Dynasty. At that time, paper was produced in Xuancheng, Jingxian, Ningguo and Taiping. They were counties (县) under the jurisdiction (管辖范围) of Xuanzhou. Among them, the paper made in Jingxian was the best for its excellent qualities. Since most paper distribution (分发) centers were in Xuancheng, the paper was then known as Xuan paper.
Xuan paper is made from the bark (树皮) of the blue sandalwood (檀香木) tree and rice straw. The process (过程) of making it includes many procedures like washing, boiling, and drying. Each step needs a lot of time and care. The final product is soft, thin but strong. It doesn’t tear (扯破) easily and can take in a lot of ink. Because of these qualities, Xuan paper has been loved by painters and calligraphers. It helps them fully express their creative ideas and feelings.
Xuan paper is not only a material for art but also a cultural symbol. It represents the rich heritage (遗产) of the arts in Chinese history. Even in today’s modern world, Xuan paper continues to hold an important position in Chinese art and cultural traditions. It serves as a bridge connecting the past with the present, allowing modern artists to look for good ideas from history while creating new works. The special treasures of Xuan paper ensure that the beauty of Chinese calligraphy and painting can remain and can be passed down through generations.
70．Where was the best Xuan paper made according to the passage
A．Jingxian. B．Taiping. C．Ningguo. D．Xuancheng.
71．What does the underlined word “procedures” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Materials. B．Steps. C．Counties. D．Thoughts.
72．Why has Xuan paper been loved by painters and calligraphers
A．Because of the price. B．Because of the size.
C．Because of the qualities. D．Because of the colour.
73．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The types of Xuan paper. B．The value of Xuan paper.
C．The weight of Xuan paper. D．The ways of making Xuan paper.
（2025·山东威海·中考真题）
Many of China’s dishes come with stories. They are part of China’s long and fascinating history. Let’s learn about the interesting origins (起源) of some famous dishes.
Dumplings’ history goes back over 1,800 years. They were first used as medicine. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, one winter, many poor people were frostbitten (冻伤), especially their ears. Zhang Zhongjing made some ear-shaped food with some Chinese medicine in it. He called these creations jiao’er, which means “tender ear” in English. After eating the jiao’er, people felt warm all over. Then, over time, the frostbite disappeared. Zhang Zhongjing continued to give out jiao’er to poor, hungry people until the Eve of the Spring Festival. To celebrate the Spring Festival and their recovery (痊愈), people made their own jiao’er. This kind of ear-shaped food is the later “dumpling”. Today, in northern China, people eat dumplings in most traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations.
The dingsheng cake is a popular snack in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. It is made with rice flour and sweet fillings, such as red bean paste or nuts. It is said that people in Southern Song Dynasty made the cakes to inspire Yue Fei’s army to win the fights. They engraved (雕刻) on the surfaces of cakes with two Chinese characters “Ding Sheng”, which means “must-win” or “victory” in English. Today, the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift. It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events, such as big exams and elderly people’s birthdays.
74．Why did Zhang Zhongjing make jiao’er
A．To offer food to hungry people.
B．To celebrate the Spring Festival.
C．To provide people with medicine.
75．What was the dingsheng cake first made for
A．Welcoming the army.
B．Encouraging the army.
C．Serving food for the army.
76．Why do you think the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift
A．Because it brings a taste of home.
B．Because it is a symbol of success and good luck.
C．Because it is a kind of delicious and sweet snack.
77．What do the two kinds of food have in common
A．They are popular in the south of China.
B．They first appeared in the same dynasty.
C．They are eaten in traditional celebrations.
78．What do you think is the best title of the passage
A．Stories behind Chinese tastes
B．Stories behind Chinese customs
C．Stories behind Chinese festivals
（2025·山东威海·中考真题）
Forty-eight hours in Hong Kong may sound like a short visit, but it will surprise you how much you can see and do. The best way to get the most out of your trip is to plan ahead of time.
Hong Kong has a great public transportation system that is easy to use. The system is called the MTR, which includes the metro, trains and buses. You can get a card called the Octopus Card at a metro station and use it to travel around. Taxis are another way to get around Hong Kong. There are many taxis everywhere.
On the first day, go up Victoria Peak. At the top of the mountain, you will see beautiful city views. Then have “dim sum” for lunch. Dim sum is made up of many different dishes. It is a great way to taste a little bit of everything. In the afternoon, take the Star Ferry from Hong Kong Island and cross Victoria Harbor to Kowloon. There are many markets in this area. Temple Market and Ladies Market are very popular. At 8:00 pm, join the crowd that is watching the Symphony (交响乐) of Lights, which is a fifteen-minute light show around Hong Kong’s tall buildings.
On the second day, spend your time shopping at one of Hong Kong’s many malls, such as IFC or Times Square. You can also shop at smaller stores in Soho and Sheung Wan as well. Unlike the markets, the prices are set, so you cannot change them. After shopping, if you want to experience Hong Kong’s nightlife, head to Lan Kwai Fong. If not, go back to your hotel for a good night’s rest.
With careful planning, you can do a lot in just two days in Hong Kong.
79．What can we know from Paragraph 2
A．The taxi is a part of the MTR system.
B．You can use the Octopus Card to take a taxi.
C．It’s convenient to travel around Hong Kong.
80．According to the passage, where can you have a good look at the beautiful city, Hong Kong
A．From Kowloon.
B．From Victoria Harbor.
C．From the top of Victoria Peak.
81．What does the writer advise us to do on the second day
A．To go shopping.
B．To try the dim sum.
C．To watch a light show.
82．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as “set” in Paragraph 4
A．John lost a set of keys yesterday.
B．The evening meal is set at six o’clock.
C．The groups are set up to help poor people.
83．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To invite people to visit Hong Kong.
B．To interest people to travel in Hong Kong.
C．To describe the beauty and culture in Hong Kong.
（2025·山东威海·中考真题）
Big progress made towards carbon goals
Editor’s note: China Daily is publishing news about China’s work to reach its carbon peak (碳达峰) and carbon neutrality (碳中和) goals.
① In 2024, China made big progress on its long-term climate (气候) goals. It led the world’s energy change at a speed never seen before. Though it’s challenging, Chinese experts are still working on achieving carbon peak before 2030 and become carbon neutrality by 2060．
② More renewable energy (like water power and wind power) starts working. In the first 9 months of 2024, China added 210 million kilowatts (千瓦) of new renewable energy. That’s 21% more than the same time last year, and 86% of all new power capacity (产量). That’s a lot!
③ A report from Wood Mackenzie, a UK energy company, says China continues to lead the world energy changing. Never has the world seen the speed of growth of an energy system that China is achieving. By 2025, China’s solar and wind power will be more than Europe and North America together.
④ The report also says China’s transport is changing. By 2034, electric cars will make up 66% of car sales.
Key words to know:◆ carbon peak: carbon emissions (碳排放量) will first reach the highest point, then start to go down. ◆ carbon neutrality: the balance (平衡) of the amount of CO we put into the air with the amount we take out.
84．What can be put in the ________ in the graph (图表)
A．Carbon neutrality. B．Carbon peak. C．Climate goals.
85．What does the underlined word “That” probably refer to in Paragraph 2
A．The first 9 months of 2024．
B．86% of all new power capacity.
C．210 million kilowatts of new renewable energy.
86．What is the UK energy company’s attitude towards China’s achievements in Paragraph 3
A．Amazed. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear.
87．How many percent of car sales will electric cars make up by 2034
A．21%. B．50%. C．66%.
88．What is this passage mainly about
A．China’s development on transport in 2024．
B．China’s big steps on green changing in 2024．
C．China’s efforts on water and wind power in 2024．
（2025·浙江·中考真题）
Plains wanderers are small, rare birds that live in grasslands. Unlike most birds, female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males. Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from animals like foxes, while males often sit on the eggs to keep them warm. These birds are hard to find because their feathers blend into the grass, making them look like part of the landscape. Sadly, their numbers have been dropping because people are taking over their grassland homes for farms and cities.
To save them, scientists are using AI. The key is the birds’ calls. Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger. These calls are quiet and easy to miss, but AI can hear them clearly. Scientists put microphones in the grasslands to record sounds all day and night. Then they put these recordings into a computer program. The AI learns to tell the wanderers’ calls apart from other noises, like the wind blowing or insects chirping. This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have.
“AI helps us monitor these birds without bothering them,” says Dr. Lee, who leads the project. “We can find the most important areas for them and work to protect those places.” Once, the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby birds. Without AI, they might not have found it. Thanks to this technology, there is new hope for these rare birds, showing that AI can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife.
89．What do we know about plains wanderers
A．Males are larger than females. B．They are easy to find in grasslands.
C．Mother birds are bigger and protect babies. D．They are common in many habitats.
90．The underlined word “monitor” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.
A．see B．catch C．feed D．follow
91．How do scientists use AI to find plains wanderers
A．By taking photos of their nests. B．By tracking their flying paths.
C．By counting eggs in the grass. D．By analyzing calls from mother birds.
92．What is the passage mainly about
A．Why plains wanderers are rare. B．How mother wanderers protect their chicks.
C．What AI can do in daily life. D．How scientists use AI to protect plains wanderers.
（2025·四川资阳·中考真题）
Just as soil (土壤) provides energy for trees, a substrate (基质) works the same way for mushrooms. Farmers usually use trees to make the substrate, which hurts the environment. But now, thanks to China’s “Juncao” (菌草) technology, fewer trees are cut down to do this.
Juncao is a grass that can grow up to 8 meters tall. To grow the mushrooms, people first collect the grass and make it into powder (粉末). Then, they mix the powder with water and other things to make the substrate. It helps mushrooms grow quickly. Later on, people can eat the mushrooms or sell them.
This “magical” grass has become a popular plant in Africa. After being brought there, Juncao has helped many people live a better life. For example, in Rwanda, thousands of families are planting Juncao for a living. Thanks to it, many of these families are making much more money than before.
Besides helping grow mushrooms, Juncao has many other things to offer. It can be turned into hard board strong enough to make buildings. It is also good food for animals, like cows and sheep. What’s more, Juncao can help solve environmental problems. Its deep roots (根) help make the soil stronger. When it rains, there is less chance of the soil being washed away.
93．Which is true about the substrate made from Juncao
A．It improves soil quality. B．It provides energy for trees.
C．It is strong to make buildings. D．It is friendly to the environment.
94．How does the writer show Juncao is popular in Africa
A．By listing numbers. B．By telling a story.
C．By giving an example. D．By raising questions.
95．What does the text mainly tell us about Juncao
A．Its forms. B．Its advantages. C．Its products. D．Its challenges.
（2025·四川资阳·中考真题）
Around the world, 8.1 million people are waiting for calls from strangers. In fact, they are the volunteers for Be My Eyes and they all have a kind heart.
Be My Eyes was created in 2015 by Hans J-rgen Wiberg from Denmark. This free app connects blind people with volunteers through video calls and in this way the volunteers can help the blind with their everyday tasks. Now volunteers are a lot more than blind users. So it’s not easy for volunteers to get a call. Jane Miller from New Zealand joined Be My Eyes in 2019 but didn’t receive her first call until four years later.
Calls go out to many volunteers at the same time. If one doesn’t answer right away, another volunteer will take the call. Yan Yan, a Chinese actress, was not sure whether to join at first. She feared missing calls during performances. After learning that other volunteers would answer missed calls, she joined at once. She received her first call the very next day. Yan successfully helped an old man check on his bread. The two thanked each other repeatedly. “I was so nervous that I didn’t know why I thanked him,” she said.
Jason Brown, an Australian, was also nervous during his first call. Now he feels more confident. He recently helped a blind person cross the street. “It just felt like chatting with an old friend,” he said.
96．Who invented Be My Eyes
A．Yan Yan. B．Jane Miller.
C．Hans J-rgen Wiberg. D．Jason Brown.
97．What was Be My Eyes created for
A．Finding jobs. B．Making friends.
C．Helping blind people. D．Holding video meetings.
98．When did Jane Miller receive her first call from the free app
A．In 2015. B．In 2019. C．In 2023. D．In 2025.
99．What did Yan Yan do to help the old man
A．Crossed the street. B．Checked on his bread.
C．Did a performance. D．Chatted with strangers.
100．Which words can best describe the volunteers for Be My Eyes
A．Kind and helpful. B．Lazy but polite.
C．Careless and awful. D．Honest but shy.
（2025·浙江·中考真题）
Sun protection is more than just avoiding sunburn—it’s about keeping your skin healthy and feeling good all summer long. Here are some ways to protect yourself.
1. Use sunscreen (防晒霜) properly
Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher 20-30 minutes before going outside. Don’t forget to reapply every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating. Studies show that most people apply too little sunscreen, so using enough (about 1 teaspoon for the face) is key.
2. Wear the right clothes
Wear long sleeves, hats, and UV-protective sunglasses. Dark-colored clothes with tight weaves block more UV rays than light ones. A good pair of sunglasses not only protects your eyes but also prevents fine lines around the eyes caused by squinting (眯眼).
3. Seek shade during peak hours
The sun is strongest from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Use natural shade from trees or create your own shade with umbrellas or tents.
4. Drink enough water
Drinking plenty of water is important for skin health and overall comfort. When you sweat, your body loses water and salt, so drink lots of water even if you’re not thirsty. You can also enjoy drinks like tea or fruit juice.
By following these steps, you’ll reduce the risk of skin damage. Then you can enjoy being outside without worry. Remember: healthy skin means feeling good!
101．Sun protection can not only prevent sunburn but make us _________.
A．avoid sweating B．look young
C．prevent allergies D．feel good
102．What should you do to keep skin healthy during hot weather
A．Wear light-colored clothes. B．Drink lots of water.
C．Avoid using sunglasses. D．Apply sunscreen once a day.
103．This article is most likely taken from which section of a magazine
A．Health. B．Sports. C．Science. D．Travel.
（2025·北京·中考真题）
Imagine a robot. What comes to your mind first A machine stronger than the human body However, this same quality is now causing a big problem—it’s creating tons of long-lasting e-waste that could flood our planet. What if, instead, the machines we use were designed to break down and disappear—just as living things do
For a study published in Science Advances, researchers made a robotic arm and a controller using materials from animals and plants. These materials are strong enough to work but can easily break down in a natural environment. After testing, both parts were gone in soil within weeks.
Biodegradable (可生物降解的) robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics, which takes ideas from nature. “This field started in materials science and chemistry rather than traditional robots that come from mechanical (机械的) engineering.” says Florian Hartmann, a materials scientist from Germany. However, many early soft robotics models still used man-made materials that cause pollution.
Wei, a scientist who studies natural materials in Hangzhou, worked together with his friend Zhang, a robotics engineer in Shanghai, to build robots for the new study. They started with cellulose (纤维素) taken from cotton. Then, they added glycerol (甘油) to make a new material that is soft and easy to change shapes. After that they allowed it to dry so it became strong, “Cellulose is cheap and easy to work with,” says Wei. They found that the controller and the robotic arm stood up to both heavy use and a week of inactivity. Finally, they buried (埋) them both in a hole. Within eight weeks these two parts were almost completely gone.
Wei and Zhang expect that robots like these can be used to deal with dangerous waste and then disappear naturally. They also hope that such robots can aid doctors in operations and then safely break down inside the body.
However, it’s important to note that the technology is still in very early stages. “If we truly want to have a biodegradable robot,” Hartmann says, “we also need to make sure its electronics and power parts are biodegradable.”
104．What is special about the robotic arm and the controller in Paragraph 2
A．They are green. B．They are hard. C．They are intelligent. D．They are affordable.
105．What is mentioned in Paragraph 5 about soft robots
A．Their operation. B．Their applications.
C．Their challenges. D．Their performance.
106．What can we learn from the passage
A．Soft robots are widely used to clean up e-waste.
B．Soft robots have to rest for a week after heavy use.
C．The designing of soft robots borrows ideas from nature.
D．Mechanical engineering offers new ways to run soft robots.
（2025·四川资阳·中考真题）
There are some researches that “make people laugh, then think”. Let’s look at some of them.The plant can copy
In 2013, scientists found a strange plant, Boquila trifoliolata. It changes its leaves to look like other plants nearby. Scientists put the plant under a table and a plastic plant above the table. As the plant grew tall, only the part over the table looked like the plastic plant. So scientists think it can “see” what happens around it.Look at your hair
In which direction do your hair spirals (螺旋) go A team in France discovered that in the northern half of Earth, most people’s hair spirals to the right. But in the southern half, it goes to the left.
This may be because of a force produced by Earth’s rotation (自转). It makes things spiral to the right in the northern half and left in the southern. Watch how water goes down the drain hole (排水孔) in the kitchen and you will see.Don’t scare cows
In 1940, Fordyce and William from the US placed a cat on the back of a cow, and made noises beside the cow again and again. The results showed that when cows are scared, they produce less milk. So to get more milk, you shouldn’t scare cows.
107．What is special about Boquila trifoliolata
A．It grows faster in the dark. B．It looks like a plastic plant.
C．It can change colour over time. D．It can copy nearby plants’ looks.
108．How does water probably go down the drain hole in China
A．It spirals to the right. B．It spirals to the left.
C．It goes straight down. D．It goes in many directions.
109．What should we do to get more milk from cows
A．Let cows eat less grass. B．Scare cows again and again.
C．Keep the cows peaceful. D．Place cats on the cows’ backs.
110．Which is the best title for the text
A．The Effects of Earth’s Rotation B．Unbelievable Plant Ability
C．The Influence of Noises on Cows D．Funny but True Researches
（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）
Unlike what you may imagine, taking good care of a plant can be difficult, especially when it comes to how to water a plant. Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants. Even some farmers may have the same problem. Luckily, a new technology called GrowStream can help them “talk” to their plants.
GrowStream is a watering system. Its tubes (管子) have special tiny holes in them. When plants need water, they will release (释放) chemicals (化学物质) through their roots. When the holes detect (察觉) these chemicals, they will open. The plants then get water from these holes. As the plants “drink” enough water, they stop releasing these chemicals. And that “tells” the holes to close back up and stop watering.
This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems. It was created by a company called RDI. The company has brought the GrowStream system to many farms in South Africa. It is also testing the system in the US. It will be used to make the city greener while saving more water.
“GrowStream is more than just a technology,” said Jan Gould, CEO of RDI. “We want it to ‘talk’ to people, too. It ‘says’ two things: The earth’s natural resources (资源) are not so much, and we should take better care of the planet through new technology.”
111．Why is it difficult to water a plant
A．Plants need too much water.
B．It is hard to discover whether the plant needs water.
C．Watering a plant takes too much time.
D．Some farmers don’t teach you how to water a plant.
112．How does GrowStream make sure plants “drink” enough water
A．By providing water all the time.
B．By releasing chemicals to help the plants “drink” enough water.
C．By putting water into the plants’ roots.
D．By detecting the amount of chemicals that the plants release.
113．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)
A．Plants. B．Holes. C．Chemicals. D．Tubes.
114．What is the main advantage of this new system
A．Saving time. B．Easy to use. C．Saving water. D．Cheap to buy.
115．What does Jan Gould mean by saying the words
A．The earth is heavily polluted.
B．People can talk with GrowStream.
C．We have to find more natural resources.
D．New technology can help save natural resources.
（2025·山东枣庄·中考真题）
What’s the hottest social activity this spring For many young people in China, it’s going foraging with friends.
Going foragin/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
专题10 阅读理解 考点3 说明文
考点3 说明文
（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）
Sports might have started as a way to survive. Long ago, people ran, jumped, and climbed to stay alive. Hunters were known for their special skills. Wall paintings from centuries ago, showing activities like wrestling or dancing, were found in an Egyptian tomb. The ancient Greeks made a big change by holding the first Olympic Games.
Modern sports began in England in the early 19th century and then spread globally. These became the models for sports such as football that we play now.
Sports come in many shapes and sizes. Organized sports, whether swimming or ice hockey, are serious forms of play. There are rules to obey, skills and positions to learn, and plans to carry out. Team sports like soccer require you to work with teammates, while individual (个人的) sports such as tennis focus on your personal performance.
There’s no doubt that sports are valuable. The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world. Organized sports get us using our bodies and minds, which makes us more imaginative, curious, and creative. The skills we learn can help us in school and later at work.
In an ideal world, sports would always be fun. But in reality, sports can cause physical hurt like broken bones, and also harm in mind. In team sports, misunderstandings and hurt feelings are part of the learning process. Sports are supposed to bring people together, but they can also drive people apart. But even when they’re not always a cheerful experience, they show us how to face life’s challenges.
You don’t have to be on a school team. But many, like school coaches, have found ways to make play their work, which makes them feel whole.
There’s no better place to play and learn about the world than on a sports field. No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner.
1．In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage
A．Travel. B．Nature. C．Technology. D．Entertainment.
2．Why is play important for teenagers according to the passage
A．It reduces their physical hurt easily. B．It improves their mind and body health.
C．It helps them have more time for sleep. D．It teaches them how to win competitions.
3．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion
A．People should try to become a famous athlete.
B．People can play mainly for fun and enjoyment.
C．Trying team sports is better than individual ones.
D．Avoiding sports that cause hurt is the best choice.
4．What may be the best title for the passage
A．The Styles of Sports B．The History of Sports
C．The Charm of Sports D．The Challenges of Sports
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，关键是享受乐趣。
1．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，属于娱乐休闲范畴，故最有可能出现在报纸的娱乐版块。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“The American Academy of Pediatrics says play is important for kids’ and teens’ thinking, bodies, social lives and feelings. Sports exercise our bodies and teach us about ourselves and our world”可知，玩耍对青少年的思维、身体、社交生活和情感都很重要，体育运动能锻炼我们的身体，让我们了解自己和世界，即玩耍能改善青少年的身心健康。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“No matter what sport you choose, the key is to play for fun. When you do, you’re already a winner.”可知，无论选择什么运动，关键是享受乐趣，当你这样做的时候，你已经是赢家了，由此可推测出作者认为人们可以主要是为了乐趣和享受而运动。故选B。
4．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了体育运动的起源、发展、类型、价值以及其带来的利弊，强调无论选择何种运动，关键是享受乐趣，以选项C“运动的魅力”为标题最合适。故选C。
（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）
①Do you sometimes feel too afraid to try new things If you want to grow and get better, you need to take risks and challenge yourself. But your brain often tells you to stay safe. It might say, “Don’t bother trying something new.” Even when these thoughts aren’t reasonable, our anxiety (担心) can still win. Instead of thinking about the good things that could happen, we worry more about “What if something goes wrong ”
②Avoiding all risks might seem smart, but it can make you feel unhappy. The problem is that we often make decisions based on feelings, not facts. We think, “The more scared I feel, the riskier it is.” But feelings aren’t always reasonable. If we knew how to think about risks clearly, we’d know which risks are worth taking. For example, trying a new hobby like painting might feel scary at first, but it could bring you joy and new skills.
③Whether you’re afraid to change your job or too nervous to ask a friend for coffee, learning to take “good risks” can improve your life. Here are good ways to help.
④Balance feelings with facts. Many times, we think fear means something risky. But that’s not true. For example, driving a car feels safe because we do it every day, but giving a speech in public might make your heart beat fast. Yet the fact shows that car accidents are much more common than getting hurt while speaking! So before you avoid doing something scary, take three deep breaths and ask yourself, “What’s the real risk here ”
⑤Take steps to succeed. You can do many small things to lower risks. If you’re nervous about a test, make a study plan and review each day—this helps you feel more prepared. It’s okay to feel butterflies in your stomach when you try something new. Facing fear helps build your mental muscle, just like exercising builds physical muscle. So, taking smart risks helps you become mentally stronger. Each time you try something scary, you will learn to deal with uncertainty and anxiety. You’ll also get new skills and grow from mistakes. If you try out for a dance team and don’t make it, you can ask for the reason and then practise more. With practice, you’ll get better at facing risks, and your chances of success will rise.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the first two paragraphs
A．Avoiding risks is a smart way to stay happy.
B．Taking risks requires us to trust our feelings.
C．Our brain often tells us to face challenges bravely.
D．Our feelings often influence us to make decisions.
6．What does the underlined phrase “build your mental muscle” mean in the last paragraph
A．Develop strength in your mind. B．Exercise your body to stay healthy.
C．Think mainly about cheerful things. D．Avoid situations that make you afraid.
7．What is the structure of this passage (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2...)
A． B． C． D．
8．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Taking smart risks can push us forward.
B．Trying many small things can reduce risks.
C．Learning clearly about real risks can help a lot.
D．Practising more can help deal with risks better.
【答案】5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A
【导语】本文主要探讨了如何通过理性评估风险、克服恐惧心理，并采取“明智的风险”来促进个人成长和生活改善。
5．推理判断题。根据“The problem is that we often make decisions based on feelings, not facts.”可知，我们的决策常常受情感影响。故选D。
6．词句猜测题。根据“Facing fear helps build your mental muscle, just like exercising builds physical muscle. So, taking smart risks helps you become mentally stronger.”可知，面对恐惧有助于锻炼你的“精神肌肉”，就像锻炼身体肌肉一样，因此明智地冒险可以帮助你在精神上变得更强大。此处的划线部分指“增强心理力量”。故选A。
7．篇章结构题。①段提出问题（恐惧阻碍尝试新事物）；②段分析问题（情感驱动的风险规避）；③段过渡（提出“good risks”概念）；④⑤段分别给出具体方法（平衡情感与事实/分步骤行动）。结构为：①/②/③/④⑤，故选C。
8．主旨大意题。根据“learning to take ‘good risks’ can improve your life”以及通读全文可知，本文主要探讨了如何通过理性评估风险、克服恐惧心理，并采取“明智的风险”来促进个人成长和生活改善。文章围绕“明智冒险”展开，故选A。
（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）
For those whose hearts often go off beat, pacemakers (心脏起搏器) are life savers. By providing a small electrical support at the right moment, they can keep a heart working properly.
Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations. Since operations are usually best avoided, the search has been on for long-lasting batteries. Different choices have been explored for a long time. Today, pacemakers with lithium (锂) batteries last between 5 and 15 years.
Zhang Hao, from Shanghai Second Military Medical University, and Yang Bin, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, tried a way to refill a pacemaker’s battery with electricity (电) by getting energy from inside the body. They report in the magazine ACS Nano that they have also used the heart muscle (肌肉) itself to work. Earlier efforts by other scientists to use heart muscle power to run pacemakers depend on piezoelectric materials (压电材料). These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲). This has worked, but not well enough: the output has rarely been over 5 microwatts (微瓦), while most pacemakers require at least ten.
Dr Zhang and Dr Yang believed that they could improve matters by making their piezoelectric materials more dramatically deformed, and then produce 15 microwatts, because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced. They put their idea to the test in a 50kg pig. It made enough electricity for the pacemaker to work as expected.
Whether such an idea will pass human tests remains to be seen. But if it does, the days of pacemakers that need battery changes through operations may not last long.
9．According to the first two paragraphs, what is a problem with pacemakers
A．They often go off beat.
B．Their energy can be used up.
C．Operations often influence them.
D．They sometimes do harm to hearts.
10．From this passage, what do we know about piezoelectric materials
A．They can be used to produce electricity.
B．They can deform the heart to make it beat faster.
C．They were first used by Zhang Hao and Yang Bin.
D．They were proved to produce 15 microwatts in human tests.
11．What does the word “dramatically” in the 4th paragraph most probably mean
A．Comfortably. B．Safely. C．Greatly. D．Rapidly.
12．What is the best title for this article
A．No Need to Use Pacemakers
B．The Problem with Piezoelectric Materials
C．The Contribution of Chinese Scientists to Heart Operations
D．Chinese Scientists Found a New Way to Improve Pacemakers
【答案】9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D
【导语】本文主要介绍中国科学家发现了一种改进心脏起搏器的新方法。
9．细节理解题。根据“Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations.”可知，心脏起搏器的问题是电池会耗尽电量，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据“These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲).”可知，这些材料在轻微弯曲时，能够与跳动的心脏相连并产生电能，所以压电材料可以被用来发电。故选A。
11．词句猜测题。根据“because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced”可知，因为变形程度越大，产生的电量就越多；可推测出“dramatically”意为“显著地”，与“greatly”意思相近。故选C。
12．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍中国科学家发现了一种改进心脏起搏器的新方法，D选项为最佳标题。故选D。
（2025·江苏南通·中考真题）
Hundreds of years ago, ideas like flying to another city through the air sounded like dreams. Yet now scientific study has made them real. Could other fairy tales come true someday
Sleeping BeautyCould anyone sleep for 100 years Probably not. The daily cycle of sleep and waking is set in your body. But animals like bears can hibernate (冬眠) through the winter until it warms. If scientists can work out how animals hibernate, maybe one day people could hibernate too. It would be great for astronauts to sleep through the long space journey. But hibernating animals still grow older, so a future Sleeping Beauty might wake up as a Sleeping Grandma.
Talk to AnimalsTalking to animals isn’t quite easy. But scientists are trying. Tiny cameras and microphones have collected thousands of hours of animal conversations. Powerful computer programs study animal sounds and match them with possible meanings. Soon they may let us talk back. But there are still challenges. Many animals communicate with smells, body language, and sounds that humans can’t hear. And animals don’t think like people. So, when we think they’re giving directions to the castle, they’re more likely to be saying “This is my tree!”
Let Down Your HairRapunzel lowers her long hair to let visitors in. But could hair really hold up a prince Surprisingly, yes! A scientific study has found out that a single hair can hold 3 ounces, the weight of a small tomato. And a common head has about 100,000 hairs. All those together could hold up a couple of elephants. A prince No problem. However, Rapunzel would also need a shorter tower. Human hair only grows a few feet long. The longest hair ever recorded is about 18 feet long—pretty short for a tower.
13．If astronauts could hibernate, they would ________.
A．stop growing completely B．sleep through space travel
C．need more food and water D．communicate with animals
14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Animals think like people in giving directions.
B．Scientists have succeeded in talking back to animals.
C．A common person’s hair could hold up a giant panda.
D．Rapunzel in the fairy tale has the longest hair in history.
15．What is the main purpose of this passage
A．To discuss new inventions for space travel.
B．To tell us how scientists influence fairy tales.
C．To compare different animals’ talking habits.
D．To show scientific possibilities behind fairy tales.
【答案】13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文通过分析三个经典童话中的场景，探讨了现代科学实现这些幻想的可能性。
13．细节理解题。根据“It would be great for astronauts to sleep through the long space journey.”可知，休眠技术可帮助宇航员在太空旅行中保持睡眠状态。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据“And a common head has about 100,000 hairs. All those together could hold up a couple of elephants.”可知，普通人头发可承重两三头大象，大熊猫的体重低于大象的体重，因此一个普通人的头发能够承重一只大熊猫。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过分析三个经典童话中的场景，探讨了现代科学实现这些幻想的可能性。故选D。
（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）
Citizen science is when public volunteers take part in scientific projects by collecting information or monitoring (监测) possible problems and then report their findings back to research groups. This method is meaningful because it allows scientists to get lots of information and better understand animals, nature and more.
As a teenager student, you can join in different kinds of such projects. Below are some great ideas you can consider.
Watch frogs (青蛙)
Join Frog Watch to help monitor wetland frog populations. Your efforts will help scientists check populations and detect any rare or alien kinds early. Learn more at frogwatch.next.fieldscope.org.
Watch stars
The online Galaxy Zoo project lets you look at space photos and put them into different groups by shape so that scientists can learn more about what is in outer space—and you don’t even need a telescope (望远镜)! Visit galaxyzoo.org to find out more.
Count birds
Join the Summer Bird Count from July 20 to August 10. Many citizen scientists will get together and count all the birds they see to help scientists learn more about how birds travel. Visit summerbirdcount.org to get more information.
Take water samples (样本)
Visit monitorwater.org to order a lesson that will teach you how to test water for pH, temperature and freshness. Enter your results on their website to help scientists better understand the state of the world’s water.
16．Why do you join a citizen science project
A．To make money. B．To become a scientist.
C．To help with science research. D．To train others on scientific knowledge.
17．What should you pay attention to when you watch stars
A．Size. B．Shape. C．Number. D．Quality.
18．If you are interested in chemistry, you can visit ________.
A．frogwatch.next.fieldscope.org B．galaxyzoo.org
C．summerbirdcount.org D．monitorwater.org
【答案】16．C 17．B 18．D
【导语】本文就参加公民科学给出一些建议。
16．细节理解题。根据“This method is meaningful because it allows scientists to get lots of information and better understand animals, nature and more.”可知，这种方法具有重要意义，因为它能让科学家们获取大量信息，并更好地了解动物、自然等事物。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“The online Galaxy Zoo project lets you look at space photos and put them into different groups by shape”可知，根据形状将它们分类到不同的组别中，所以志愿者需要注意星星的形状。故选B。
18．推理判断题。根据“Visit monitorwater.org to order a lesson that will teach you how to test water for pH, temperature and freshness.”可知，如果对化学感兴趣，可以访问网站monitorwater.org。故选D。
（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）
Material ☆A wide glass jar with a lid ☆Very hot water ☆Some ice ☆A match Very important! Only parents deal with matches!!!
Steps 1. Turn the lid upside down and fill it with ice. 2. Fill the jar about 1.5cm with very hot water. 3. Ask your parent to light a match. Then blow out the match just above the jar. Hold the smoking stick inside to make smoke from the match fill the jar. 4. Quickly put the lid with ice on the jar. Cover the jar completely. 5. Let the cloud form for a few minutes. Then take the lid off and meet the cloud.
Result A real cloud comes up. But it is not round and it disappears soon.
19．What is the purpose of the experiment
A．To make a cloud. B．To fill the jar with ice. C．To turn down the lid upside down.
20．Why can only parents deal with matches
A．Because the match is expensive.
B．Because the boy doesn’t like the match.
C．Because lighting a match is dangerous for children.
21．Which are needed in the experiment
A．Some ice and very hot water.
B．A match and some paper.
C．A wide glass and cold water.
22．What’s the right order of “making a cloud”
A．⑤①④②③ B．⑤①②④③ C．③④①②⑤
23．Which of the following is TRUE about the result of the experiment
A．A real cloud doesn’t come up.
B．The cloud they made isn’t round.
C．The cloud they made lasts for long.
【答案】19．A 20．C 21．A 22．B 23．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了制造云实验所需材料、步骤及结果，让读者了解通过特定操作可制造出非圆形且很快消失的云。
19．细节理解题。根据“Let the cloud form for a few minutes. Then take the lid off and meet the cloud”以及整个实验步骤可知，实验的目的是制造云，故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据“Very important! Only parents deal with matches! ”和图片“DANGER”可知，点燃火柴对孩子来说很危险，所以只有家长能处理火柴，故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据“☆A wide glass jar with a lid ☆Very hot water ☆Some ice ☆A match”可知，实验需要一些冰和非常热的水，A选项正确；文中未提及需要纸，B选项错误；需要的是热水不是冷水，C选项错误。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据实验步骤“1. Turn the lid upside down and fill it with ice. 2. Fill the jar about 1.5cm with very hot water. 3. Ask your parent to light a match. Then blow out the match just above the jar. Hold the smoking stick inside to make smoke from the match fill the jar. 4. Quickly put the lid with ice on the jar. Cover the jar completely. 5. Let the cloud form for a few minutes. Then take the lid off and meet the cloud”可知，制作云的步骤为：先将盖子倒置并放入冰块，然后在罐子中倒入约1.5厘米的热水，再然后请父母点燃火柴，吹灭后将冒烟的棍子放入罐中，之后迅速将装有冰块的盖子盖在罐子上，最后等待几分钟，云形成后取下盖子，正确顺序是⑤①②④③，故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“A real cloud comes up. But it is not round and it disappears soon.”可知，制造出了真正的云，但云不是圆形的且很快消失，B选项正确。故选B。
（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）
Brazilian artist Vik Muniz uses everyday objects in unusual ways. Through his art, Muniz makes people think differently about their everyday lives-even their own rubbish.
In 2007, Muniz worked on a two-year project at one of the world’s largest landfills. Until its closure in 2012, Jardim Gramacho received about 70 percent of the rubbish from Rio de Janeiro. About 3,000 rubbish pickers, known as catadores, worked there. Their job was to hunt through the rubbish for recyclable cans, bottles, and other materials. They then made money by selling the objects to recycling companies.
The catadores’ work was dirty and dangerous, and most of them only received between $20 and $25 a day. Despite the hard conditions, many catadores were proud of their work. Valter Dos Santos, a worker at Jardim Gramacho for more than 25 years, told Muniz, “I am proud to be a picker. I try to explain to people that recycling prevents great harm to nature and the environment. People sometimes say, ‘But one single soda can ’ One single can is of great importance! That single can will make the difference.”
Muniz became friends with Dos Santos and other catadores. They allowed him to take their photographs at the landfill, where they posed for artistic portraits. For example, Muniz photographed a landfill worker in the style of a famous French painting. The workers then helped Muniz create huge images of these photos on the floor of his workshop. They used materials from the landfill to add color and depth to the images.
________ Muniz says he wanted to “change the lives of people with the same materials they deal with every day.” A photograph of his recreation of the French painting sold for 28,000 ($50,000) at a London art auction. Muniz gave the money to the catadores workers’ organization.
In 2010, a movie called Waste Land was made about Muniz’s project. The film received many awards and helped make people aware of the rubbish collectors’ lives. The catadores also began to see themselves differently. “Sometimes we see ourselves as so small,” says Irma, a cook at Gramacho, “but people out there see us as so big, so beautiful.”
24．Why did the writer mention Valter Dos Santos
A．To tell the story of a catador’s life. B．To describe the catadores’ hard conditions.
C．To show the value of a catador’s work. D．To give an example of successful catadores.
25．What can we learn about Muniz’s photographs
A．They were all taken at the landfill. B．He spent a long time on each of them.
C．They were only part of his unusual creation. D．He took them in the style of famous paintings.
26．Which of the following is the most suitable for ________
A．Why take such photos of these catadores B．Why create such huge images using rubbish
C．How to help these people in a creative way D．How to turn everyday objects into art pieces
27．Which of the following shows the right order of the things that happened
a. A movie was made about Muniz’s project. b. Gramacho stopped receiving rubbish.
c. Dos Santos started working at Gramacho. d. Muniz made friends with some catadores.
A．d-c-b-a. B．c-d-b-a. C．d-c-a-b. D．c-d-a-b.
【答案】24．C 25．C 26．B 27．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了巴西艺术家Vik Muniz通过使用垃圾填埋场的日常物品创作艺术，改变人们对垃圾和垃圾收集者生活的看法，并与垃圾收集者合作完成艺术项目的过程。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段Valter Dos Santos的话“I am proud to be a picker…That single can will make the difference”可知，作者提到他是为了展示垃圾收集者工作的价值。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“Muniz photographed a landfill worker in the style of a famous French painting…They used materials from the landfill to create huge images”可知，这些照片只是他非常规创作的一部分。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据空缺后Muniz的话“change the lives of people with the same materials they deal with every day”可知，此处应解释用垃圾创作巨型图像的原因。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据原文信息：c（Dos Santos工作25年，早于2007年项目）→d（2007年Muniz与收集者成为朋友）→a（2010年电影上映）→b（2012年填埋场关闭）。故选D。
（2025·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）
China has made some changes in its food labels (标签) recently and three of them have become a heated topic.
To begin with, the government requires food labels should be made easier and clearer to read. Information, such as sugar, salt and unhealthy fats in their products, should be clearly included on the label. By doing so, the government hopes this will encourage healthier eating habits among people. At the same time, it is required that common allergens (过敏原) should be included on the label as well, which will possibly help people avoid risks.
Another new requirement is that labels such as “no additives (添加剂)” or “zero additives” should no longer be allowed. The government says labels like these have already led shoppers to believe that a product is healthy when it is in fact not. Take a famous food company as an example. In order to increase sales, the label “zero additives” was added to its products, proving there were no harmful things. However, recently the label has been questioned. Tests have found small amounts of harmful additives in its products. Many people came to believe the “zero” label was just a marketing lie.
The use of digital labels is also worth panies are being advised to have QR codes (二维码) included on food labels. This allows customers to get more information about the product. This is helpful for people who want to learn more about what they are eating. More than 400 products have already used this smart labeling system.
Food safety has always been among top cares for every Chinese. By making these changes in food labels, China hopes to help people make healthier and safer food choices.
28．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Food producers refuse changes in food labels.
B．Food labels are required to be easier and clearer.
C．Healthier eating habits will encourage clearer labels.
D．Changes in food labels are mainly about common allergens.
29．Why is a food company mentioned in Paragraph 3
A．To introduce the food company to shoppers.
B．To show the food company’s changes in food labels.
C．To prove that some labels can wrongly lead shoppers.
D．To compare “zero additives” labels with digital ones.
30．How does the writer develop the text (P1 stands for paragraph 1.)
A． B． C． D．
31．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the text
A．Food and health. B．Medical research.
C．Technology progress. D．Language and literature.
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．B 31．A
【导语】本文主要讨论食品安全和健康问题，旨在帮助人们做出更健康、更安全的食品选择。
28．细节理解题。根据“To begin with, the government requires food labels should be made easier and clearer to read.”可知，政府要求食品标签应设计得更简洁、更易于阅读。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“The government says labels like these have already led shoppers to believe that a product is healthy when it is in fact not.”可知，第三段提到某公司为吸引顾客而印上“零添加剂”字样，却被检测出含有少量有害添加剂，说明这类标签可能误导消费者。故选C。
30．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段总述话题，第二至四段分别阐述三项具体变化，第五段进行总结。故选B。
31．推理判断题。文章围绕食品安全和健康展开，最可能出现在与“食物与健康”相关的板块，故选A。
（2025·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）
We Chinese people celebrate Arbor Day (a festival for tree planting) every year on March 12. It brings us closer to each other and to the wonders of nature. Many other countries also celebrate trees with festivals and holidays. But as you will see, not all of them fall in spring.
PeruYunsa is a celebration of new life at the end of the local carnival (狂欢节). Couples take turns dancing around a small tree. After that, they cut it down. This stands for a new beginning. Following an ancient tradition, people then plant a young tree in the place of the old one.
The United KingdomThe British celebrate National Tree Week at the start of the tree-planting season in November. They also celebrate National Tree Dressing Day on the first weekend in December. On that day, they have something beautiful and special hung in the trees.
MoroccoThousands of trees in the town of Tafraoute produce many of Morocco’s almonds (杏仁). To celebrate this natural gift, Tafraoute hosts the Almond Blossom Festival every year. The date of the event depends on when the trees flower. People dance, sing and tell stories until late into the night.
IsraelTu BiShvat is known to people in Israel. It means “New Year of the Trees”. This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January or February. Tree plantings are held in schools and homes. The celebration usually begins at sunset and lasts till the following day. Many people also make donations (捐赠) to organizations that work to plant trees in Israel.
32．When do we Chinese celebrate Arbor Day
A．On March 12. B．On March 20. C．On April 12. D．On April 15.
33．Which countries celebrate tree festivals with dancing
A．Peru and Morocco. B．Israel and Morocco.
C．Peru and the United Kingdom. D．The United Kingdom and Israel.
34．What do people do in Israel for the tree festival
A．They celebrate a natural gift—almonds.
B．They cut trees down and plant new ones.
C．They make the trees beautiful with something special.
D．They have a meal and make donations to organizations.
【答案】32．A 33．A 34．D
【导语】本文主要介绍几个国家庆祝树木的节日的情况。
32．细节理解题。根据“We Chinese people celebrate Arbor Day (a festival for tree planting) every year on March 12.”可知，我们中国人每年都会在3月12日庆祝植树节。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据“Peru ... Couples take turns dancing around a small tree.”和“Morocco ... People dance, sing and tell stories until late into the night.”可知，秘鲁人会围着小树跳舞，摩洛哥人在杏花节上也会跳舞。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“Israel ... This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January or February. Tree plantings are held in schools and homes. The celebration usually begins at sunset and lasts till the following day. Many people also make donations (捐赠) to organizations that work to plant trees in Israel.”可知，以色列的树木新年里，人们会一起用餐，还会向植树组织捐款。故选D。
（2025·广东广州·中考真题）
Libraries around the world still keep old books hundreds of years old. But will we be able to read today’s digital (数字的) books in hundreds of years Librarians are worried. Even now, we can’t open some files (文件) from 20 or 25 years ago. Will our digital works be lost in a digital black hole Will we face the loss of valuable information
Technology is changing fast. Old ways of keeping information are gone now, or they are no longer supported by new technology. For example, many people used floppy discs (软盘) to save files years ago, but today few machines can open them. Also, millions of songs and music pieces were saved on tapes or CDs, but now most old music players no longer work. Another problem is that websites often change or close down, and all the information on them can fall into the digital black hole.
Books, however, are quite easy to keep. We don’t need special tools or technology to read them. If you keep them in a dry and safe place, they will stay safe for a long time. Li Shizhen’s great medical book Ben Cao Gang Mu came out in 1593. Amazingly, three copies from the first printing still survive today. That’s not bad for a book more than 400 years old.
Today, to some researchers, printed books remain a safe way to keep information. In 2014, a professional group began to raise money to print a famous online encyclopedia into 1,000 books. This would make sure that even if digital technology fails, the knowledge can still be kept.
For now, when it comes to storing information, printed copies seem to be the safest choice. However, future technology might develop and provide new ways to solve the problem of the digital black hole. Time will tell.
35．What happens if our digital works fall into a digital black hole
A．They are carefully kept. B．They cannot be understood.
C．They cannot be read or reached. D．They are saved in a wrong place.
36．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．How music players are developing. B．How technology is changing over time.
C．Why old machines are no longer used today. D．Why technology may cause information loss.
37．Why does the writer mention Ben Cao Gang Mu
A．To discuss why this book is still important. B．To show printed books can last for a long time.
C．To explain how easy it is to keep printed books. D．To tell when the earliest printed book came out.
38．What would the writer most probably agree with
A．Libraries should keep more digital books.
B．Digital books are less valuable than printed ones.
C．Technology will soon solve the problem of the digital black hole.
D．Technology is still looking for better ways to keep information.
【答案】35．C 36．D 37．B 38．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了数字作品可能面临的信息丢失问题，指出随着技术的快速变化，旧的信息保存方式可能不再受支持，导致数字作品陷入“数字黑洞”，同时强调了纸质书籍在信息保存方面的优势，但也提到未来技术可能会发展出新的解决方案。
35．细节理解题。根据“Will our digital works be lost in a digital black hole Will we face the loss of valuable information ”可知，如果数字作品陷入“数字黑洞”，我们将面临有价值信息的丢失，即这些作品将无法被读取或访问。故选C。
36．段落大意题。根据“Technology is changing fast. Old ways of keeping information are gone now, or they are no longer supported by new technology”以及本段内容可知，第二段主要围绕技术快速变化展开，提到旧的保存信息的方式不再适用，如软盘、旧音乐播放器等无法使用，网站信息可能消失等，都是在说明技术可能导致信息丢失。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据“Books, however, are quite easy to keep. We don’t need special tools or technology to read them”以及“Li Shizhen’s great medical book Ben Cao Gang Mu came out in 1593. Amazingly, three copies from the first printing still survive today”可知，作者提到《本草纲目》是为了展示纸质书籍能够长时间保存的特点。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据“For now, when it comes to storing information, printed copies seem to be the safest choice. However, future technology might develop and provide new ways to solve the problem of the digital black hole”可知，作者认为目前纸质书籍是保存信息的最安全选择，但未来技术可能会发展出新的解决方案来应对“数字黑洞”问题，即技术在寻找更好的信息保存方式。故选D。
（2025·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）
There are many ways to avoid food waste. For example, we could buy only what we need or do not order more food than we can finish. But the French city of Colmar has a more creative idea. In 2015, it started handing out free chickens to its people.
Then-mayor (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a project “one family, one hen” and put it into practice by starting to work with two chicken farms. He told the local people that the benefit of raising a chicken would be seen quickly. At first, more than 200 homes took part. Each family was given two chickens after promising to take good care of chickens. Later, the project turned out to be a big success. Over the years, more homes have joined in.
Up to now, the government has given more than five thousand chickens to homes. But don’t think of raising the chickens just for free eggs. This act has also generated positive effects on environment. The chickens are fed on what is left in a meal, and food waste has been therefore greatly reduced. “A chicken lives up to four years on average and eats about 54.75 kg of food waste every year,” said Gilbert.
There’s a deeper reason for the effort. Food waste goes bad quickly and causes more methane (甲烷) than any other type of waste. The gas has a greater long-term global warming effect than CO2. Today, around a third of the world’s food is wasted every year. That makes up 8 to 10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions (排放). It’s worth the effort to save as much food as possible from going to waste.
39．What project did Gilbert Meyer think of
A．One family, one hen. B．Work on chicken farms.
C．Buy only what we need. D．More chickens, more happiness.
40．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “generated” in Paragraph 3
A．Fought. B．Imagined. C．Produced. D．Discussed.
41．How many kilograms of food waste does a chicken probably eat in 4 years
A．54.75. B．109.5. C．164.25. D．219.
42．What can be the best title for the text
A．Chickens for Free Eggs. B．Efforts to Recycle Waste.
C．Food Waste Growing More. D．Chickens against Food Waste.
【答案】39．A 40．C 41．D 42．D
【导语】本文主要介绍法国科尔马市通过分发鸡解决食物浪费问题。
39．细节理解题。根据“Then-mayor (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a project ‘one family, one hen’”可知，吉尔伯特·迈耶提出“一个家庭，一只母鸡”项目。故选A。
40．词句猜测题。根据“But don’t think of raising the chickens just for free eggs. This act has also generated positive effects on environment.”可知，不要仅仅将这些鸡用于获取免费鸡蛋，这一举措还对环境……了积极影响。结合上下文，养鸡通过消化食物垃圾减少了浪费，说明该行动“产生”了效果。故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据“A chicken lives up to four years on average and eats about 54.75 kg of food waste every year”可知，一只鸡的平均寿命约为四年，每年会消耗约54.75千克的厨余垃圾，所以4年大约消耗219千克。故选D。
42．最佳标题题。全文核心是法国科尔马市通过分发鸡解决食物浪费问题，选项D“鸡对抗食物浪费”符合主题，故选D。
（2025·山东济宁·中考真题）
Rnabot CH-03 1200 60 505 ratings (评论) 260+ bought in the past month
Price: 1500 Company: Rnabot Model name: CH-03 Ways to connect: Wireless (无线的) Special point: Clear night vision
About this robot CH-03 is a robot that helps you stay in touch with your pets. It’s small and can move around in your house, so you can see your pets anytime you want. CH-03 lets you talk to your family or pets anytime. With your smart phone, they can hear you clearly through the robot’s speaker. CH-03 can be used by more than one person, so your family can use it together. CH-03 saves videos on a memory card (comes with 32 GB, up to 128 GB). You can download (下载) videos on your phone and share them online. It works well with iPhones and Android phones, but not with computers. What’s in the box: CH-03 robot×1, USB charger (充电器)×1, Memory card (32 GB)×1, Instruction book×1.
43．What is Rnabot CH-03
A．A moveable robot. B．A music speaker.
C．An electronic pet. D．A smart phone.
44．What can Rnabot CH-03 do
A．Play with your pets. B．Check your pet’s health.
C．Cook food for your pets. D．Save videos of your pets.
45．Which of the following can you see in the box
A． B． C． D．
46．What can we get from the introduction of Rnabot CH-03
A．It’s blind at night. B．It connects in a wireless way.
C．It works well with computers. D．About 505 people like this product.
【答案】43．A 44．D 45．A 46．B
【导语】本文介绍了一款宠物陪伴监控机器人。
43．细节理解题。根据“CH-03 is a robot that helps you stay in touch with your pets. It’s small and can move around in your house, so you can see your pets anytime you want.”可知，Rnabot CH-03是一款助力主人与宠物保持联系的可移动机器人。故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据“CH-03 is a robot that helps you stay in touch with your pets.”及“CH-03 saves videos on a memory card (comes with 32 GB, up to 128 GB). You can download (下载) videos on your phone and share them online.”可知，CH-03会将宠物视频存储在存储卡中。故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据“What’s in the box: CH-03 robot×1, USB charger (充电器)×1, Memory card (32 GB)×1, Instruction book×1.”可知，包装盒内包含：CH-03机器人×1，USB充电器×1，32GB存储卡×1，说明书×1。故选A。
46．细节理解题。根据“Ways to connect: Wireless (无线的)”可知，Rnabot CH-03可无线连接。故选B。
（2025·山东济宁·中考真题）
It’s fun to visit the monkeys at the zoo and watch them play and climb. We laugh at how cute they are and talk about how much they seem like us. But in some cities, monkeys and people live together—it isn’t a pleasure at all.
In New Delhi, India, thousands of small monkeys live in the city. They steal food from street shops, break into people’s houses, and leave a mess. Sometimes they even bite (咬) people and cause blackouts (停电) and Internet problems. Every year the city grows and more forests are cut down, leaving monkeys with no wild space. Now monkeys are used to living in the city. It’s a big worry!
The government has tried many ways to keep monkeys away. Workers catch monkeys and take them to wild areas far from the city. To stop the monkeys from returning for food, trucks bring food to them. But the wild areas aren’t large enough for all the monkeys. Recently, the city also tried using paper tigers and recorded sounds to drive them away. However, monkeys quickly learn these aren’t real.
The problem won’t be easily solved. Most people like monkeys and don’t want to hurt them, but they don’t want monkeys in their homes either. The monkeys probably feel exactly the same way about us. No matter what method we choose, one thing is clear: if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours.
47．Which is a problem caused by monkeys in New Delhi
A．Making the zoo a mess. B．Breaking into people’s homes.
C．Stealing food from trucks. D．Causing harm to other animals.
48．Why is it difficult to keep monkeys away in the city
① Because monkeys refuse to eat provided food.
② Because monkey catchers cannot catch them all.
③ Because the wild areas cannot hold so many monkeys.
④ Because paper tigers and recorded sounds don’t always work.
A．①③ B．②④ C．③④ D．②③
49．Which of the following is TRUE about Paragraph 4
A．People don’t care about the monkeys living around them.
B．The government has found the best way to control monkeys.
C．Monkeys are happy to share their living space with humans.
D．Protecting monkeys’ natural homes may stop them from living in cities.
50．Where would you most probably find this passage
A．In a story book. B．In a zoo website.
C．In a wildlife magazine. D．In a guide book.
【答案】47．B 48．C 49．D 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在印度新德里，猴子与人类共同生活带来的问题以及政府采取的应对措施。
47．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“They steal food from street shops, break into people’s houses, and leave a mess.”可知，猴子会闯入人们的家中。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“But the wild areas aren’t large enough for all the monkeys.”可知，野生区域不足以容纳所有猴子，对应③，“the city also tried using paper tigers and recorded sounds to drive them away. However, monkeys quickly learn these aren’t real.”可知，该市还尝试用纸老虎和录音来驱赶猴子，但是猴子很快就知道这些都不是真的，即：纸老虎和录音也不总是有用，对应④。故选C。
49．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“if we don’t protect the homes of wild animals, they may have no choice but to live in ours.”可知，如果我们不保护野生动物的家园，它们可能别无选择，只能生活在我们的家园中，可推知，保护猴子的自然栖息地是关键。故选D。
50．推理判断题。文章主要讨论猴子与人类共处的生态问题及解决方案，属于野生动物保护主题。故选C。
（2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）
Scientists in Australia have used Artificial Intelligence (AI) to help them locate (定位) an endangered bird called the Plains-wanderer. This new information will help scientists protect the rare (稀有的) birds.
The Plains-wanderer is a small bird that lives in Australia’s grasslands. They play an important role in controlling insects and spreading seeds, which helps create healthier habitats (栖息地) for other native wildlife in Australia. The birds were once common in eastern Australia. But that’s changed, as grasslands have been turned into farms and cities. Zoos Victoria, the group behind the recent effort to locate Plains-wanderers, says the birds’ numbers have fallen by over 85% in recent decades. Scientists believe there are now only 250 to 1,000 of the birds left in the wild.
To protect these rare birds, Zoos Victoria first had to learn where they were. Female Plains-wanderers make an unusual “Ooom” call, and this was the key to locating them. The researchers set up 35 special recording devices (装置) called "song meters" in nine different grassy areas, where Plains-wanderers could possibly have been. The song meters collected tens of thousands of hours of recordings-far more than humans could analyze (分析). Then the researchers fed the recordings to an AI system trained to identify (识别) the calls of Plains-wanderers. The AI system discovered Plains-wanderer calls coming from two of the sites. After that, the scientists double-checked and found that the AI system was correct. Chris Hartnett, who works with Zoos Victoria, says the discovery is “huge”. And it is the first time in over 30 years that the Plains-wanderer has been found west of Melbourne.
The new information of Plains-wanderers will help scientists protect the birds. The team plans to work with the land owners to help protect the birds, and the grasslands they depend on. Now, the researchers are still “listening”—using song meters and AI to try to locate more of the Plains-wanderers.
51．Where do the Plains-wanderers live
A．In Australia's grasslands. B．In Victoria Zoo. C．In the city of Melbourne.
52．Why are the Plains-wanderers endangered
A．They are too small to live in Australia’s grasslands.
B．Their habitats have been turned into farms and cities.
C．They play an important role in protecting native wildlife.
53．What is the right order of locating the Plains-wanderers
①collect enough recordings ②use AI to identify the calls
③set up recording devices ④double-check the discovery
A．①②③④ B．②③④① C．③①②④
54．What will the researchers do next according to the passage
A．Use song meters to help make AI more intelligent.
B．Work with the land owners to help grow rice better.
C．Locate more Plains-wanderers to help protect them.
【答案】51．A 52．B 53．C 54．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了澳大利亚科学家利用人工智能技术定位濒危鸟类Plains-wanderer，并探讨其保护措施。
51．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“The Plains-wanderer is a small bird that lives in Australia’s grasslands.”可知，这种鸟的栖息地是草原。故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“But that’s changed, as grasslands have been turned into farms and cities.（但随着草原被开垦为农场和城市，情况发生了变化）”可知，栖息地减少是导致其濒危的主要原因。故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据文章第3段描述的顺序：“set up 35 special recording devices（安装35个录音装置）”→“collected tens of thousands of hours of recordings（收集数万小时录音）”→“fed the recordings to an AI system（将录音输入AI系统分析）”→“double-checked and found...（人工复核确认）”，正确顺序为③→①→②→④。故选C。
54．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Now, the researchers are still ‘listening’...to try to locate more of the Plains-wanderers.（研究人员仍在通过录音装置和AI技术寻找更多Plains-wanderer）”可知，下一步计划是扩大定位范围以保护该物种。 故选C。
（2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）
Move over, Golden Gate and Sydney Harbour. In June, 2025, China is set to open the world’s tallest bridge, the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge, which is nearing the end of construction in Guizhou, southwest China. It will be 2,051 feet above river level, which is 947 feet taller than the Millau Viaduct in France. The bridge isn’t just about breaking a record-once in operation, it will reduce travel time over the Huajiang Grand Canyon from two hours to just one minute.
On April 19, 2025, a half marathon (马拉松赛跑) was held in Beijing, China. About 12,000 runners took part. On a separate track, 21 human-like robots met the same challenge. It was the first race of its kind. The robots that raced were different shapes and sizes. The first robot to cross the finish line was Tiangong. That was far behind most human runners. But the goal of the race wasn’t to win, it was to finish. And six of the robots met that goal.
The Caihong-YH1000, one of China’s latest cargo drones (货运无人机), has completed its maiden test flight successfully on May 22, 2025. The test has got good flight data (飞行数据) and achieved its goals. Developed by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the drone has a flight range of 1,500 kilometers and a maximum operational altitude of 8,000 meters. It can fly for up to 10 hours and carry a payload of 1,200 kilograms.
55．Which will be the world’s tallest bridge
A．The Golden Gate Bridge. B．The Millau Viaduct Bridge. C．The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge.
56．How many robots finished the half marathon
A．6. B．15. C．21.
57．What is the goal of testing the Caihong-YH1000
A．To reduce travel time. B．To finish the marathon. C．To get good flight data.
【答案】55．C 56．A 57．C
【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了三项2025年发生的科技及体育相关事件，分别是贵州即将开通的世界最高桥梁花江大峡谷大桥、北京举办的有机器人参与的半程马拉松赛事、中国货运无人机彩虹-YH1000的首次试飞情况。
55．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Move over, Golden Gate and Sydney Harbour. In June, 2025, China is set to open the world’s tallest bridge, the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge...”，可知世界最高桥梁是花江大峡谷大桥，故选C。
56．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“And six of the robots met that goal.”，这里“that goal”指完成半程马拉松，所以完成半程马拉松的机器人数量是6个，故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“The test has got good flight data and achieved its goals.”，可知测试彩虹 - YH1000货运无人机的目标是获取良好飞行数据，故选C。
（2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）
Imagine growing fuel (燃料) on trees or getting it from rubbish. Imagine cars that run on air or produce water, not pollution! All around the world, people are making surprising new fuels.
Biogas is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria (细菌). People can use animal and food waste to make biogas. Bacteria break the waste down in a special container (容器), and the gas (气体) is used for cooking and lights. Just one kilogram of waste produces enough biogas to make a light work for four hours. In Sweden, they even make biogas for cars from toilet waste!
Biofuels are made from fuels that grow. It is great because we make it from the waste parts of plants that we already grow for food. The newest biofuels are made from very small living things called algae (藻类). Algae produce more energy than other biofuels, and they can grow in places where we do not grow food, like seas and wasteland. In Brazil, cars and buses have used bioethanol for years.
The cleanest fuel is hydrogen (氢). When hydrogen burns, it just makes water, but this gas is difficult to produce. In 2010, engineers invented a machine which uses energy from the sun to make hydrogen. Other people are trying to use bacteria to make it. These “clean” ways of making hydrogen are still very new. If they become cheaper, we may all drive hydrogen cars in the future.
Every year, scientists are inventing new ways to make super fuels from the things around us. Which energy technologies will we use most in the future We do not know the answer to this question exactly. But we do know that we are starting to build a future without fossil fuels.
58．What is Biogas made from
A．Energy from the sun. B．Plants or natural waste. C．Small living things called algae.
59．Which of the following is the cleanest fuel
A．Biogas. B．Biofuels. C．Hydrogen.
60．What could be the best title of the passage
A．Super Fuels B．New Bacteria C．Special Containers
61．Which is the best structure (结构) of the passage (P1=Paragraph 1…)
A． B． C．
【答案】58．B 59．C 60．A 61．B
【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了几种新型燃料，包括沼气、生物燃料、氢燃料等，讲述它们的制作原料、特点等内容。
58．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Biogas is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria.”，可知沼气的制作原料是植物或自然废弃物，故选B。
59．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“The cleanest fuel is hydrogen.”，可知最清洁的燃料是氢，故选C。
60．最佳标题题。文章围绕沼气、生物燃料、氢燃料等新型燃料展开介绍，“Super Fuels（超级燃料）”能概括文章主要内容，故选A。
61．篇章结构题。文章第1段总述世界各地人们在制造新型燃料；第2—4段分别介绍沼气、生物燃料、氢燃料；第5段总结科学家在发明制造超级燃料的新方法，未来会构建无化石燃料的未来，是“总—分—总”结构，与B选项结构相符，故选B。
（2025·江苏徐州·中考真题）
On a Monday morning in Amsterdam, the work day began as usual for Jim. When finishing his coffee, Jim checked text messages on his phone. Then, he got his bag and went to the nearest railway station. He wasn’t there to take the train, though. Instead, Jim chose one of the public bicycles lined up outside the station. After unlocking a bike with a smart card, he set out for his job on the other side of the city. He joined other cyclists in the bike lanes (道), safely separated from car traffic.
Amsterdam wasn’t always bicycle friendly. In fact, cycling used to be dangerous, especially during the second half of the twentieth century. This was a time of rapid growth in Amsterdam. As people got richer, they were able to afford expensive goods such as cars. For the first time, driving became popular. Highways were built for cars. This meant there was less space for cyclists. Having had a long tradition of cycling, this was a big change for the city. As car traffic increased, so did the number of biking accidents. Many of the cyclists were children.
People in Amsterdam were angry. They organized protests (抗议) in the city streets. Government officers listened. Hoping to solve the problem quickly, they started to think of ways to make the city safe for cyclists again. Soon there were separate bike lanes, and some areas were closed to cars forever. The changes were so effective (有效的) that today Amsterdam is a model of biking safety for other cities around the world.
62．How does the writer start the passage
A．By comparing two places. B．By describing a scene.
C．By answering a question. D．By listing a number.
63．Why did Jim go to the nearest railway station on work day morning
A．To work there. B．To take the train. C．To see a friend. D．To ride a bike.
64．What does the passage tell about Amsterdam
A．It has no highways for cars. B．It is always bicycle friendly.
C．It seldom sees changes. D．It is famous for biking safety.
65．What type of book is the passage probably taken from
A．Science fiction. B．Romantic novel. C．City culture. D．Detective story.
【答案】62．B 63．D 64．D 65．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹这座城市中自行车文化的发展变化。
62．细节理解题。根据“On a Monday morning in Amsterdam, the work day began as usual for Jim. When finishing his coffee, Jim checked text messages on his phone. Then, he got his bag and went to the nearest railway station.”可知，作者是通过描述一个场景来开始这篇文章的。故选B。
63．细节理解题。根据“He wasn’t there to take the train, though. Instead, Jim chose one of the public bicycles lined up outside the station. After unlocking a bike with a smart card, he set out for his job on the other side of the city.”可知，吉姆去最近的火车站不是为了坐火车，而是为了骑公共自行车去城市另一边工作。故选D。
64．细节理解题。根据“The changes were so effective (有效的) that today Amsterdam is a model of biking safety for other cities around the world.”可知，阿姆斯特丹如今是世界其他城市自行车安全方面的典范，即它以自行车安全而闻名。故选D。
65．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了城市中自行车文化的发展变化，因此这篇文章可能摘自“城市文化”这类的书，故选C。
（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
Where does the water in our homes come from How do people change sea water into fresh water How does water come into our homes This passage will answer these questions.
In most places, people get their water from lakes and rivers. The water is usually seen all year round. In some places, people get their water from under the ground. They use wells to get the water. In some other places, windmills (风车) are used to get water from under the ground. In some country areas away from the city water supply, people collect rainwater that falls on their roofs (房顶). Pipes from the roofs lead the water into tanks (罐子). The water from rainwater tanks is usually clean enough to drink.
In some countries that are in need of water, fresh water is made from sea water in special treatment factories. This is called desalination (脱盐). In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind. When the steam is cooled, it becomes fresh water. Only a little salt is left in the fresh water. This makes the water taste better and also stops the pure water taking salts and minerals (矿物质) out of our bodies.
Have you seen tanks or towers on the tops of buildings These tanks or towers are used for storing clean water. Before the water is put into these tanks or towers, it goes to a water treatment factory. Some water from rivers or lakes is not clean. If we drink it directly, we may be ill. In the water treatment factory, workers make the water clean and safe for people to drink. Then pipes bring the water to our homes.
Water is very important for all living things, but sometimes there is not enough water. We should use water wisely.
66．How does the writer begin the passage
A．By comparing ideas. B．By giving examples.
C．By asking questions. D．By explaining reasons.
67．Where do people in most places get water from
A．Lakes and rivers. B．Lakes and underground water.
C．Rivers and rainwater. D．Rainwater and underground water.
68．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)
A．Rainwater. B．Salt water. C．Fresh water. D．Pure water.
69．What are tanks or towers used for according to the passage
A．Storing salt. B．Storing pipes. C．Storing minerals. D．Storing clean water.
【答案】66．C 67．A 68．B 69．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家庭用水的来源、海水淡化的方法、水进入家庭的过程以及水的重要性。
66．细节理解题。根据“Where does the water in our homes come from How do people change sea water into fresh water How does water come into our homes This passage will answer these questions.”可知，作者通过提问的方式开始这篇文章，故选C。
67．细节理解题。根据“In most places, people get their water from lakes and rivers.”可知，大多数地方的人们从湖泊和河流中获取水，故选A。
68．词句猜测题。根据“In most treatment factories, salt water is heated until it turns into steam (蒸汽) and the salt is left behind.”可知，此处“it”指代的是前文中提到的“salt water”，即盐水被加热直到变成蒸汽，故选B。
69．细节理解题。根据“Have you seen tanks or towers on the tops of buildings These tanks or towers are used for storing clean water.”可知，这些水箱或水塔是用来储存干净的水的，故选D。
（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
Among all types of paper, Xuan paper has earned a special place in Chinese culture. The history of Xuan paper dates back to the Tang Dynasty. At that time, paper was produced in Xuancheng, Jingxian, Ningguo and Taiping. They were counties (县) under the jurisdiction (管辖范围) of Xuanzhou. Among them, the paper made in Jingxian was the best for its excellent qualities. Since most paper distribution (分发) centers were in Xuancheng, the paper was then known as Xuan paper.
Xuan paper is made from the bark (树皮) of the blue sandalwood (檀香木) tree and rice straw. The process (过程) of making it includes many procedures like washing, boiling, and drying. Each step needs a lot of time and care. The final product is soft, thin but strong. It doesn’t tear (扯破) easily and can take in a lot of ink. Because of these qualities, Xuan paper has been loved by painters and calligraphers. It helps them fully express their creative ideas and feelings.
Xuan paper is not only a material for art but also a cultural symbol. It represents the rich heritage (遗产) of the arts in Chinese history. Even in today’s modern world, Xuan paper continues to hold an important position in Chinese art and cultural traditions. It serves as a bridge connecting the past with the present, allowing modern artists to look for good ideas from history while creating new works. The special treasures of Xuan paper ensure that the beauty of Chinese calligraphy and painting can remain and can be passed down through generations.
70．Where was the best Xuan paper made according to the passage
A．Jingxian. B．Taiping. C．Ningguo. D．Xuancheng.
71．What does the underlined word “procedures” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Materials. B．Steps. C．Counties. D．Thoughts.
72．Why has Xuan paper been loved by painters and calligraphers
A．Because of the price. B．Because of the size.
C．Because of the qualities. D．Because of the colour.
73．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The types of Xuan paper. B．The value of Xuan paper.
C．The weight of Xuan paper. D．The ways of making Xuan paper.
【答案】70．A 71．B 72．C 73．B
【导语】本文了宣纸的历史渊源、制作原料、工艺流程、优良特性以及其在文化上的重要价值和意义。
70．细节理解题。根据“Among them, the paper made in Jingxian was the best for its excellent qualities.”可知，泾县制作的宣纸是最好的，故选A。
71．词义猜测题。根据“The process (过程) of making it includes many procedures like washing, boiling, and drying.”可知，“procedures”在这里指的是制作宣纸过程中的步骤，与“steps”意思相近，故选B。
72．细节理解题。根据“The final product is soft, thin but strong. It doesn’t tear (扯破) easily and can take in a lot of ink. Because of these qualities, Xuan paper has been loved by painters and calligraphers.”可知，宣纸因其优良的特性受到画家和书法家的喜爱，故选C。
73．段落大意题。根据“Xuan paper is not only a material for art but also a cultural symbol. It represents the rich heritage (遗产) of the arts in Chinese history…The special treasures of Xuan paper ensure that the beauty of Chinese calligraphy and painting can remain and can be passed down through generations.”可知，第三段提到宣纸不仅是艺术材料，还是文化象征，连接过去与现在，并传承中国书法和绘画的美。因此，本段主要讨论宣纸的文化价值，故选B。
（2025·山东威海·中考真题）
Many of China’s dishes come with stories. They are part of China’s long and fascinating history. Let’s learn about the interesting origins (起源) of some famous dishes.
Dumplings’ history goes back over 1,800 years. They were first used as medicine. In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, one winter, many poor people were frostbitten (冻伤), especially their ears. Zhang Zhongjing made some ear-shaped food with some Chinese medicine in it. He called these creations jiao’er, which means “tender ear” in English. After eating the jiao’er, people felt warm all over. Then, over time, the frostbite disappeared. Zhang Zhongjing continued to give out jiao’er to poor, hungry people until the Eve of the Spring Festival. To celebrate the Spring Festival and their recovery (痊愈), people made their own jiao’er. This kind of ear-shaped food is the later “dumpling”. Today, in northern China, people eat dumplings in most traditional Chinese festivals and celebrations.
The dingsheng cake is a popular snack in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. It is made with rice flour and sweet fillings, such as red bean paste or nuts. It is said that people in Southern Song Dynasty made the cakes to inspire Yue Fei’s army to win the fights. They engraved (雕刻) on the surfaces of cakes with two Chinese characters “Ding Sheng”, which means “must-win” or “victory” in English. Today, the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift. It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events, such as big exams and elderly people’s birthdays.
74．Why did Zhang Zhongjing make jiao’er
A．To offer food to hungry people.
B．To celebrate the Spring Festival.
C．To provide people with medicine.
75．What was the dingsheng cake first made for
A．Welcoming the army.
B．Encouraging the army.
C．Serving food for the army.
76．Why do you think the dingsheng cake has become a popular gift
A．Because it brings a taste of home.
B．Because it is a symbol of success and good luck.
C．Because it is a kind of delicious and sweet snack.
77．What do the two kinds of food have in common
A．They are popular in the south of China.
B．They first appeared in the same dynasty.
C．They are eaten in traditional celebrations.
78．What do you think is the best title of the passage
A．Stories behind Chinese tastes
B．Stories behind Chinese customs
C．Stories behind Chinese festivals
【答案】74．C 75．B 76．B 77．C 78．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了中国一些著名菜肴的有趣起源及其背后的文化故事。
74．细节理解题。根据“Zhang Zhongjing made some ear-shaped food with some Chinese medicine in it. He called these creations jiao’er...After eating the jiao’er, people felt warm all over. Then, over time, the frostbite disappeared.”可知，张仲景制作“娇耳”是为了给冻伤的人提供含有中药的食物来治疗冻伤，即提供药物作用。故选C。
75．细节理解题。根据“It is said that people in Southern Song Dynasty made the cakes to inspire Yue Fei’s army to win the fights.”可知，定胜糕最初是为了鼓舞岳飞的军队而制作的。故选B。
76．推理判断题。根据“They engraved on the surfaces of cakes with two Chinese characters ‘Ding Sheng’, which means ‘must-win’ or ‘victory’ in English.”和“It often appears in traditional Chinese celebrations and important events, such as big exams and elderly people’s birthdays.”可知，定

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