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浙江省宁波市宁海县七校联考2023-2024学年九年级上学期11月月考英语试题
一、完形填空（本题有 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 15 分）
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When I was 14, life was boring. 1． , I didn't mind having the same views every day. And even though my school had over a thousand students, I didn't really
2． to notice the differences between us all.
But this boring view of mine changed when my 3． bought me a camera for my birthday. After a month of playing with my new camera, I realized I had no
4． for taking pictures. Even if I got friends to pose in front of ancient buildings and in flowery fields, 5． seemed to work. My photos were clearly missing something of importance and had no creativity. After a while, I dropped my new hobby.
Then, a month or two later, I suddenly decided to 6． the hobby again. During the summer break, I went for a walk on the railroad tracks ( 铁轨) behind my house.
The tracks are in a warm red color. Before the 7． , I thought, "Maybe I should bring my camera. "
8． , this walk was what began my love for photography. When I was walking on the tracks without a model and only 9． around me, I realized how 10． it was to look at the details ( 细节) of things. I didn't worry about trying to create something beautiful. 11． ，I just took photos of the beauty already around me.
I quickly became 12． about color, lighting, shape and everything in between. After months of studying outdoor sights and looking at people's eyes, I was finally able to create 13． of my own. Slowly, my photos became something I was 14． .
So far, my works have appeared in two magazines and two different museums. They're not huge achievements, but they're important to me. And they're the 15． of how much my artistic abilities have grown.
Thanks to this birthday gift from my parents, I now have a new way of looking at the world.
1．A． Also B． However C． Then D． Besides
2．A． rush B． agree C． care D． dare
3．A． friend B． relative C． parents D． cousin
4．A． talent B． chance C． plan D． material
5．A． anything B． nothing C． nobody D． everybody
6．A． look up B． pick up C． get up D． make up
7．A． break B． summer C． track D． walk
8．A． Suddenly B． Slowly
C． Surprisingly D． Normally
9．A． nature B． train C． house D． camera
10．A． difficult B． creative C． important D． strange
11．A． Instead B． So C． Moreover D． Though
12．A． crazy B． interested C． careful D． active
13．A． life B． beauty C． money D． photo
14．A． proud of B． afraid of C． tired of D． sure of
15．A． results B． signs C． secrets D． reasons
二、阅读理解（本题有 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共计 30 分）
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
16．If the bus is late, it's better to ____.
A．catch the last bus B．wait at the bus stop
C．leave the bus stop D．call the bus company
17．Which of the following does NOT help you stay safe on the bus
A．Wearing a seat-belt. B．Knowing the emergency exits.
C．Sitting calmly in your seat. D．Chatting with the bus driver.
18．Which of the following behaviors is dangerous
a. Getting on the bus while it's still moving.
b. Respecting other passengers.
c. Wearing headphones while getting off the bus.
d. Crossing the road in front of the bus.
A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Linda Richards was the first graduate of an American nursing school. After receiving her degree in 1873, she went to work at Bellevue Hospital in New York City. Katherine Kelly told us an interesting story about her.
As night superintendent( 管理人) at the Bellevue Training School for Nurses, Linda Richards had to ask the day nurses for reports on the condition of her one hundred patients.
"You are so full of questions!" cried a day nurse in anger. "I could fill a notebook trying to answer them all!"
Linda was full of questions. She'd graduated a year before, and there was still so much she didn't know. That night she thought of what the day nurse had said.
Notebooks! Well, why not
①__At her first opportunity, she tied notebooks to the beds of her most severely(严重) ill patients. She begged the day nurses to keep a written record of each patient's condition, and she would do the same at night. ②
One evening Linda stopped at the bed of a sailor. After watching her write in the notebook, he asked jokingly if she was trying to chart his course.③ And so began the process of keeping a patient's chart, now used in hospitals and doctors' offices all over the world. ④
Linda Richards went on to become a pioneer in the field of nurses' training. She spent her life proving that "a trained nurse is better than an untrained one. " The American nurses' association honored Linda Richard's contribution by putting her image on its seal, surrounded by the words "Services, Humanity, Efficiency. "
19．Where can we best put the sentence "That's exactly what I'm trying to do, " she thought.in the passage
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
20．Why did the day nurse shout at Linda Richards in anger
A．Because the day nurse was always in a bad mood.
B．Because the day nurse didn't like Linda Richards.
C．Because the day nurse took care of too many patients in the day time.
D．Because Linda Richards asked too many questions about the patients.
21．In the last paragraph, the underlined word "contribution" means ____.
A．giving B．studying C．patience D．ability
22．What made Linda Richards use the notebooks according to the passage
A．The passage didn't tell us.
B．A day nurse hopes to use the notebooks.
C．What the day nurse said made her get this idea.
D．The sailor who was ill in hospital asked her to use the notebooks.
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A professor began his class by holding up a glass with some water in it. He held it up for all to see, and asked the students, "How much do you think this glass weighs "
"50 g!" "100 g!" "125 g!" the students answered.
"I really can't know unless I weigh it, " the professor said. "But my next question is: What would happen if I held it up like this for a few minutes "
"Nothing, " the students said.
"Okay. What would happen if I held it up like this for an hour " the professor asked.
"Your arm would begin to ache (酸痛), " one of the students said. "You're right. Now, what would happen if I held it for a day "
"Your arm could go numb ( 麻木的). You might have serious muscles stress, or paralysis (瘫痪). You would have to go to the hospital for sure!" another student said. All the students laughed.
"Very good. But during all these, did the weight of the glass change " the professor asked.
"No, " the student said.
"Then what caused the arm ache and the muscle stress " The students were puzzled.
"Putting the glass down!" one of the students said.
"Exactly!" said the professor. "The problems in life are like this. If you just think about them for a few minutes, they might not seem so bad. Think about them for a longer time, and they begin to ache. Hold them even longer and they begin to paralyze you. You will not be able to do anything. It's important to think about challenges in your life, but it's even more important to 'put them down' at the end of the day before you go to sleep. That way, you are not stressed, you wake up every day fresh and strong and can deal with any problems or challenges that come your way!"
23．The professor is giving a class about ____management (管理).
A．time B．money C．study D．task
24．The glass of water is compared to（比作）the following EXCEPT____.
A．challenges B．success C．problems D．stress
25．At the end of the story, the professor wanted to tell his students ____.
A．they should think twice before they speak
B．they shouldn't say things that they don't know well
C．releasing stress can help them deal with challenges better
D．they should ask the teacher if they don't understand the question
26．What's the best title for this passage
A．Put Down the Glass B．The Weight of the Glass
C．A Glass With Water D．Fill a Glass With Water
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Mars is an empty planet, but that could change. Someday, it might have farms where fruit and vegetables could grow.
Growing food on Mars has always seemed hard. But scientists think they have found a way to do it. They put sheets（ 薄膜）of material on the ground. The sheets could change the cold, dry planet into land for farming.
Robin Wordsworth worked on the sheets at Harvard University in Massachusetts. He said the sheets could let people live on another planet. On Mars, the conditions are not good, though. Most importantly, and the air does not have much nitrogen（氮气） that plants need to grow.
The sheets do not solve all the problems. Still, they could help to set up a place for plants. The plants would grow only under the sheets. So there is less worry about harming the rest of Mars. The sheets would cover the plants.
The scientists worked with sheets about an inch thick. Those allowed light through for plants. They also warmed the ground and trapped enough heat to melt ice on Mars. Placing the sheets over icy parts of Mars could let plants alive there. Their study was printed in Nature Astronomy. The sheets could be on the ground to grow water plants and they also could be hung. That would give room to plants to grow on land below them.
Wordsworth said, "You can imagine this being used in a number of ways. It could be used for visitors to Mars. Later it could be for people who live there. However, it's a pity that the sheets are being studied in the lab. "
27．The scientists made sheets ____.
A．to change the weather of Mars
B．to get materials on the ground
C．to grow food on Mars
D．to let people live on Mars
28．The underlined word "that" refers to ____.
A．Making sheets an inch thick
B．Placing the sheets over icy parts
C．Growing many plants on the ground
D．Hanging the sheets above the land
29．From Wordsworth's words in the last paragraph，the sheets ____.
A．are still on the way
B．will be sent to Mars soon
C．can grow foods for him to eat
D．are popular for visitors to Mars
30．What is the passage mainly about？
A．Plants can live on Mars now.
B．Farming on Mars is coming true.
C．How do astronauts live on Mars？
D．Ways of growing plants on the earth.
三、任务型阅读（本题有 5 小题，每小题 1 分；共计 5 分）
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读短文，选出能填入 31-34 小题空白处的最佳选项，使文意通顺、正确；根据短文内容回答第 35 小题。
Earthquakes usually come without warning. What should you do if this happens to you An earthquake is dangerous, but there are still things you can do to protect yourself.
Stay calm as the earth begins to shake. Your chances of survival (幸存；存活) in an earthquake go up if you can keep calm. 　31． 　
　32． 　 You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects. Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is dangerous because of many glass objects.
　33． 　 Stay away from buildings and trees. If you are in a car, pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water as possible. Earthquakes can cause huge waves that can really harm the people nearby.
　34． 　For example, gas fire often comes with an earthquake. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors to an open area.
A. If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. B. Staying calm is not easy, but it can save your life. C. If you are inside when the earthquake starts, get under a table or a bed. D. When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger.
Remember to always hope for the best but prepare for the worst.
What is the passage mainly about 　35． 　
A. The ways to stay calm.
B. The ways to stay away from tall buildings.
C. The ways to move outdoors to an open area.
D. The ways to protect yourself when an earthquake happens.
四、词汇运用（本题有 15 小题，每小题 1 分；共计 15 分）A. 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。
36．（2023九上·宁海月考） We should speak to the old people 　 　（礼貌地）.
37．（2023九上·宁海月考）People
who learn 　 　(明智地) and well will achieve their dreams more easily.
38．（2023九上·宁海月考） Our boss　 　（招待）us to dinner after work yesterday。
39．（2023九上·宁海月考） It's very　 　（方便的）to go to Taiwan from the mainland of China by air now.
40．（2023九上·宁海月考） Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn　 　(树叶).
41．（2023九上·宁海月考） Good learners always take some 　 　（笔记）in class.
42．（2023九上·宁海月考） I first thought someone 　 　（窃取，偷）my money. But the next day I found it in my jacket pocket.
43．（2023九上·宁海月考） People in Asia look very different from those in 　 　（欧洲的）countries.
44．（2023九上·宁海月考） The computer has changed our 　 　（日常的）life a lot.
45．（2023九上·宁海月考） —Jenny, could you please take out the trash
—With 　 　（高兴，愉快）
（2023九上·宁海月考） B. 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
sudden use website nearly whether
It is often difficult to decide on the inventor of certain inventions. This is because sometimes a few people may invent things which are 　46． 　 the same. It's hard to tell who came up with the idea first. Some inventions can also lead to other inventions 　47． 　So some people doubt 　48． 　the invention came up with the idea himself or herself. They think that the inventor came up with the idea himself or herself. They think that the inventor 　49． 　someone else's idea to create his or her invention. That's why books or 　50． 　 usually mention more than one inventor when giving information about inventions.
五、语法填空（本题有 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 10 分）
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
As we know, English is an important subject in middle school. Everyone knows that they must learn English well, 　51． 　 some people don't know how to be a good learner. Here are some tips that may help you with your English.
The 　52． 　(big) problem is people's own fear. Some people always worry that they won't say things correctly. Once they 　53． 　(laugh) at by others, they won't speak English at all. In fact, only when we aren't afraid of making 　54． 　 (mistake) can we learn English well.
The fastest way to learn anything is to do it again and again 　55． 　you get it right. Like anything else, learning English needs practice. Don't let a little fear stop from getting 　56． 　you want.
The best way 　57． 　 (learn) English is to have a good environment. Speak English in class, put English books around your room, listen 　58． 　English radios and watch English news, movies and programs. Speak English with your friends whenever you can. The 　59． 　(much) English material you have around you, the faster you will learn it.
Many people think that exercises and tests aren't much fun. However, 　60． 　 doing exercises and taking tests, you can really improve your English. If you never test yourself, you will never know how much progress you are making.
六、书面表达（本题有 1 小题；共计 25 分）
61．（2023九上·宁海月考） 2021 年 9 月 1 日起，教育部推行"双减"政策（double reduction policy），明确规定：一、今后学科类培训机构不得占用双休日、法定节假日、寒暑假开展培训；二、鼓励开设校内夜自修。作为一名初中生，谈谈实施"双减"政策后，你的学习、生活发生了哪些变化以及你的感受。
注意：(1)短文必须包括所有要点，并适当发挥；(2)文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；(3)词数：80—100；
Double reduction policy has been carried out for several months. My life has changed a lot.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B；2．C；3．C；4．A；5．B；6．B；7．D；8．C；9．A；10．C；11．A；12．A；13．B；14．A；15．B
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者14岁时因父母送的相机而爱上摄影的经历。从最初缺乏天赋到放弃，再到重新尝试后领悟摄影真谛，最终作品获得认可，展现了艺术成长的过程。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
1．句意：然而，我并不介意每天都过着千篇一律的日子。Also也；However然而；Then然后；Besides此外。根据"When I was 14, life was boring. "以及" I didn't mind having the same views
every day. "可知，空前后构成转折关系，故空处表示"然而"。故选B。
2．句意：尽管我的学校有一千多名学生，但我真的不太在意我们之间的差异。rush匆忙；agree同意；
care在意；dare敢于。根据" I didn't mind having the same views every day. "可知，作者不介意每天都过着千篇一律的日子，故不会在意学校一千多名学生之间的差异。故选C。
3．句意：但当我父母在我生日时给我买了一台相机后，我这种无趣的生活观改变了。friend朋友；relative亲戚；parents父母；cousin表亲。根据" Thanks to this birthday gift from my parents "可知，这台相机是作者的父母卖给作者的。故选C。
4．句意：在摆弄新相机一个月后，我意识到自己没有摄影天赋。talent天赋；chance机会；plan计划；
material材料。根据"Even if I got friends to pose in front of ancient buildings and in flowery
fields,... seemed to work. "可知，作者意识到自己没有摄影天赋。故选A。
5．句意：即使我让朋友们在古建筑前和花丛中摆姿势，似乎也拍不出好照片。anything任何事；
nothing无事；nobody无人；everybody每个人。根据" My photos were clearly missing
something of importance and had no creativity. "可知，即使作者的朋友们已经摆好了姿势让作者拍照，作者仍然觉得无论怎么尝试，照片都不理想，没有什么创意。故选B。
6．句意：一两个月后，我突然决定重新拾起这个爱好。look up查阅；pick up捡起/学会/重拾；get up起床；make up编造。根据"After a while, I dropped my new hobby. "以及"Then, a month or
two later, I suddenly decided to... the hobby again."可知，作者决定重拾这个爱好。故选B。
7．句意：散步前，我想："也许我应该带上相机。"break休息；summer夏天；track轨道；walk散步。根据"During the summer break, I went for a walk on the railroad tracks ( 铁轨) behind my
house. "可知，此处表示作者在散步之前的想法。故选D。
8．句意：令人惊讶的是，这次散步开启了我对摄影的热爱。Suddenly突然地；Slowly缓慢地；Surprisingly出乎意料地/令人惊讶地；Normally通常地。根据" After a while, I dropped my new
hobby. "以及" this walk was what began my love for photography. "可知，一次偶然的散步使作者对摄影由不感兴趣的状态转为对摄影的热爱，故作者感到非常惊讶。故选C。
9．句意：当我走在铁轨上，没有模特，只有周围的自然景色时，我意识到关注事物的细节是多么重要。nature自然；train火车；house房子；camera相机。根据" I just took photos of the beauty
already around me. "可知，此处表示作者走在铁轨上时，周围都是自然景色。故选A。
10．句意：当我走在铁轨上，没有模特，只有周围的自然景色时，我意识到关注事物的细节是多么重要。difficult困难的；creative创意的；important重要的；strange奇怪的。根据" I just took photos of
the beauty already around me. "可知，作者意识到观察细节（周围的景色）的重要性。故选C。
11．句意：相反，我只是拍摄周围已然存在的美。Instead相反；So所以；Moreover此外；Though尽管。根据" I didn't worry about trying to create something beautiful. "以及" I just took photos
of the beauty already around me. "可知，空前后两个句子构成语义上的转折关系，故空处表示"而不是/相反"。故选A。
12．句意：我很快就对色彩、光线、形状以及其间的一切着了迷。crazy疯狂的；interested感兴趣的；
careful小心的；active活跃的。根据"After months of studying outdoor sights and looking at
people's eyes,"可知，作者对色彩、光线、形状以及其间的一切非常着迷，故而花费几个月的时间去研究。故选A。
13．句意：在花了几个月研究户外风景、观察人们的眼神后，我终于能够创造出属于自己的美。life生活；
beauty美；money金钱；photo照片。根据" I just took photos of the beauty already around
me. "以及本句语境可知，作者能够通过摄影创造出属于自己的美。故选B。
14．句意：慢慢地，我开始为自己的照片感到骄傲。proud of自豪；afraid of害怕；tired of厌倦；sure of确信。根据" And they're the... of how much my artistic abilities have grown. "可知，作者对自己拍摄的照片感到自豪。故选A。
15．句意：它们是我艺术能力成长的标志。results结果；signs迹象/标志；secrets秘密；reasons原因。结合上下文语境可知，作者通过自己在摄影上的转变见证了自己的成长，故而作者拍摄的照片是自己成长的标志。故选B。
【答案】16．B
17．D
18．C
【知识点】说明文；安全事故与预防；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了坐公交车的安全技巧。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
16．细节理解题。根据"If the bus is late,please stay at the bus stop."可知，如果公交车晚点了，最好在公交站等待。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据"If you are on a bus with searbelts,make sure to wear yours."；以及"Make sure you know where the emergency exits are in case there is an emergency"；以及"Do not run or jump on the bus."可知，以上三项属于在公交车上保持安全的规则，D选项"和公交车司机聊天。"未被提及，且结合常识可知，和公交车司机聊天不利于公交车的行驶安全。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据"Wait for the bus to come to a complete stop before you get on the bus."；以及"Remove your headphones before you get off the bus,as they can distract you from beinig fully aware of your surroundings and potential danger."；以及"Never cross the road in front of a bus"可知，以上三项都属于坐公交车前后被禁止的行为，对应acd。故选C。
【答案】19．C
20．D
21．A
22．C
【知识点】记叙文；自我提升；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国首位护理学院毕业生Linda Richards在夜班工作时，因护士抱怨提问太多而受启发，首创病人病历记录系统，推动护理专业化发展，最终获得行业认可。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题以及词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。
19．推理判断题。 分析" 'That's exactly what I'm trying to do,' she thought. "可知，这句话是Linda对水手玩笑的内心回应，水手问她是否在"绘制他的航线（chart his course）"，而Linda实际上是在记录病情（chart指医疗记录）。因此，这句话应放在水手提问之后（③处），体现她的思考过程。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据" 'You are so full of questions!' cried a day nurse in anger. 'I could fill a
notebook trying to answer them all!'"可知，白班护士愤怒地对琳达·理查兹大喊大叫是因为Linda问了太多问题。故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据"The American nurses' association honored Linda Richard's contribution
by putting her image on its seal, surrounded by the words "Services, Humanity, Efficiency. ""可知，美国护士协会将Linda的形象印在徽章上，以表彰她的贡献，故"contribution"表示" 付出/给予/贡献 "。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据" 'You are so full of questions!' cried a day nurse in anger. 'I could fill a
notebook trying to answer them all!'"可知， 白班护士抱怨"回答问题能写满一个笔记本"，这句话启发了Linda将笔记本绑在病床上记录病情。故选C。
【答案】23．D
24．B
25．C
26．A
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。教授通过举杯实验说明：问题本身重量不变，但长期纠结会带来压力。关键是要学会适时"放下"烦恼，保持精力应对新挑战。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和标题选择题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
23．细节理解题。根据"It's important to think about challenges in your life, but it's even more
important to 'put them down' at the end of the day before you go to sleep. That way, you are not stressed, you wake up every day fresh and strong and can deal with any problems or
challenges that come your way!"可知， 教授通过举杯子的例子，教导学生如何应对生活中的问题/挑战，这些都属于任务管理的范畴。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据" The problems in life are like this... It's important to think about challenges
in your life, but it's even more important to 'put them down' at the end of the day before you go to sleep. That way, you are not stressed, you wake up every day fresh and strong and can deal with any problems or challenges that come your way!"可知，教授将水杯比作生活中的挑战（challenges）、问题（problems）和压力（stress），但全文未提及与成功（success）的类比。故选B。
25．细节理解题。 根据"That way, you are not stressed, you wake up every day fresh and strong
and can deal with any problems or challenges that come your way!"可知，故事结尾，教授想告诉他的学生们适时"放下"问题（释放压力），才能保持精力应对新挑战。故选C。
26．标题选择题。 通读全文可知，教授通过举杯实验说明：长期纠结问题会让人身心俱疲，适时"放下"压力才能保持活力应对挑战，"放下杯子（释放压力）"，符合主旨。故选A。
【答案】27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【知识点】科普类；说明文；细节理解；代词指代；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种神奇的薄膜材料，这种薄膜材料使得在火星上耕种成为了可能。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，代词指代题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 在开始解答代词指代题之前，先快速浏览全文，对文章的主题、内容和结构有一个大致的了解，理解文章的整体语境，这有助于后续对代词指代关系的判断。仔细阅读题干，找出需要确定指代的代词，并在原文中精确定位其位置，代词的出现往往与上下文紧密相关，因此要注意代词前后的句子或段落。根据上下文和语境，分析代词与潜在指代对象之间的逻辑关系，确定哪个名词最有可能是代词的指代对象，确保代词所指代的内容与原文中的描述在语义上保持一致。将选定的指代对象代入原文中代词的位置，检查句子是否通顺、逻辑是否合理，如果代入后句子不通顺或逻辑矛盾，则重新考虑其他潜在指代对象。有些代词指代题会设置语境陷阱，通过复杂的句子结构或模糊的语境来迷惑考生，在解答这类题目时，要特别注意语境的深入理解，避免被表面现象所迷惑。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
27．细节理解题。根据"Growing food on Mars has always seemed hard. But scientists think they have found a way to do it. They put sheets (薄膜) of material on the ground."可知，科学家们研发了一种薄膜材料，这种薄膜材料用于在火星上种植食物，故选C。
28．代词指代题。"that"是代词，常用来代指前文出现的内容；"The sheets could be on the ground to grow water plants and they also could be hung."表示薄膜可以放在地上也可以挂起来，再结合"give room to plants to grow on land below them"可知，"that"指代的内容可以给植物生长提供空间；给出四个选项中，选项D"把薄膜悬挂在土地上方"符合要求。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据"However, it's a pity that the sheets are being studied in the lab."可知，薄膜还处于研究阶段，选项A"the sheets are still on the way"表达同样的含义。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是一种神奇的薄膜材料，这种材料使得在火星耕种成为可能，故选B。
【答案】31．B；32．C；33．A；34．D；35．D
【知识点】说明文；急救技能
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了地震时该如何保护自己。备选项的中文意思：
A. 如果你在户外，尽快到空旷的地方去。
B. 保持冷静并不容易，但它能挽救你的生命。
C. 如果地震开始时你在室内，躲到桌子或床底下。
D. 地震结束后，仍然存在很多危险。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。任务型阅读空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。
31．根据"Stay calm when the earth begins to shake."可知此处是说地震中要保持冷静，选项B" 保持冷静并不容易，但它能挽救你的生命。"符合语境，故选B。
32．根据"Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen."可知此处应介绍地震时在室内保护自己的方法，选项C"如果地震开始时你在室内，躲到桌子或床底下。"符合语境，故选C。
33．根据"Stay away from buildings and trees"可知此应介绍地震时在室外保护自己的方法，选项A"如果你在户外，尽快到空旷的地方去。"符合语境，故选A。
34．根据"For example, gas fire often comes with an earthquake."可知地震时也存在着其他的危险，选项D"地震结束后，仍然存在很多危险。"符合语境，故选D。
35．通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了地震发生时的自救方法。故选D。
36．【答案】politely
【知识点】其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该礼貌地和老人说话。空处表示"礼貌地"，politely，副词，作状语修饰动词短语speak to，符合语境。故填politely。
【点评】考查副词politely的识记运用以及副词作状语修饰动词（短语）。注意：在语法填空题中，副词作状语的考查是高频考点之一。副词通过修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，能够精准表达时间、地点、程度、方式等语义关系。掌握副词作状语的解题技巧，能有效提升答题准确率。以下是系统性解题策略：一、副词作状语的核心功能，副词在句中主要充当状语，用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。其典型位置为：修饰动词：通常置于被修饰动词之后；修饰形容词/副词：置于被修饰词之前；修饰全句：置于句首或句尾。二、解题三步法。步骤1：定位空缺词性，提示词为形容词时：优先考虑变形为副词。无提示词时：需结合语境判断是否需要副词（如逻辑连接词、程度副词等）。步骤2：分析语法功能，修饰动词：确认动作发生的方式、频率或程度。修饰形容词/副词：注意比较级和最高级的修饰。修饰全句：关注逻辑关系词（如however, therefore, actually）。步骤3：验证逻辑合理性，将备选副词代入空缺处，检查：语义连贯性：是否符合上下文逻辑。语法正确性：是否与被修饰词性匹配。语用习惯性：是否符合英语表达习惯（如时间副词通常置于句尾）。三、总结。副词作状语的解题关键在于：词性转换：形容词→副词的规则与不规则变形。功能定位：明确修饰对象（动词/形容词/全句）。逻辑验证：确保语义与语法双重正确。
37．【答案】wisely
【知识点】单词拼写；其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：那些学习明智和学习好的人将更容易实现他们的梦想。明智地，wisely，副词修饰动词learn，故答案为：wisely。
【点评】此题考查副词拼写。注意副词修饰动词。
38．【答案】treated
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我们老板昨天下班后请我们吃了晚餐。空处表示"招待"，treat，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语yesterday可知，谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填treated。
【点评】考查动词treat的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。注意：注意：1.理解一般过去时的基本概念。一般过去时主要用于描述过去某个时间点发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如"yesterday"、"last week"、"two days ago"等。其动词形式为过去式，包括规则动词的过去式（一般在动词后加-ed）和不规则动词的过去式（如"go"的过去式是"went"，"do"的过去式是"did"等）。2. 识别时间状语。在解题时，首先要识别句子中的时间状语，这是判断句子是否应该使用一般过去时的重要依据。常见的表示过去的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）；last week/month/year（上周/月/年）；two days ago（两天前）；in 1998（在1998年）。如果句子中出现了这些时间状语，或者可以通过上下文推断出动作发生在过去，那么就应该考虑使用一般过去时。3. 分析动词形式。在确定了句子应该使用一般过去时之后，接下来要分析动词的形式。对于规则动词，一般在其后加-ed构成过去式；对于不规则动词，则需要根据记忆或查表来确定其过去式。同时，要注意be动词的一般过去时形式是"was"和"were"，分别用于第一人称和第三人称单数、第一人称和第三人称复数以及第二人称单数和复数。4. 注意语境和逻辑。在解题过程中，除了要考虑时间状语和动词形式之外，还要注意语境和逻辑。有些句子虽然没有明确的时间状语，但根据上下文可以推断出动作发生在过去，此时也应该使用一般过去时。另外，还要注意句子之间的逻辑关系，确保时态的使用符合整个语境的需要。
39．【答案】convenient
【知识点】形容词作表语
【解析】【分析】句意：现在从中国大陆乘飞机去台湾非常方便。空处表示"方便的"，convenient，形容词，在句中做表语，符合语境。故填convenient。
【点评】考查形容词convenient的识记运用以及形容词做表语。注意：要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思。明确主语是什么，以及句子想要表达关于主语的什么信息。 注意空格在句子中的位置，形容词做表语时，通常位于系动词（如be、become、feel、look等）之后，构成"主语+系动词+形容词"的结构。根据语境，判断所需形容词的类型（如描述性、情感性、评价性等）。考虑形容词是否需要与特定的名词或动词搭配。
40．【答案】leaves
【知识点】不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：使生如夏花之绚烂，死如秋叶之静美。空处表示"树叶"，leaf，可数名词，根据summer flowers可知，此处泛指多种树叶，表示复数意义，应用其复数形式作介词like的宾语。故填 leaves。
【点评】 考查名词leaf的识记运用以及可数名词的复数。注意：首先通读句子，理解句子的整体意思和语境，再根据句子的语法结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性是否为名词，如果空处应填入名词，根据句子的要求和提示词，确定名词的具体形式（如单复数、所有格等）。检查名词与冠词、代词、形容词等的搭配是否正确，将确定好的名词形式填入空格处，并检查句子的语法和语义是否正确。
41．【答案】notes
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：优秀的学习者总是在课堂上做一些笔记。空处表示"笔记"，note，可数名词，空处在句中作宾语且被some修饰，应用其复数形式。故填notes。
【点评】考查名词note的识记运用以及可数名词的复数。注意：名词在句子中常需要根据语境进行形式上的变化，如单复数、所有格等。在填空时，首先要根据句子的意思和语法规则判断应填入的名词形式。例如，若句子中提到多个相同的事物，则名词需用复数形式；若表示所属关系，则需使用名词所有格。
42．【答案】stole
【知识点】时态统一；一般过去时；主句是一般过去时的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我一开始以为有人偷了我的钱。但第二天我在我的夹克口袋里找到了它。空处表示" 窃取/偷 "，steal，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及thought可知，谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填stole。
【点评】考查动词steal的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。注意：首先，要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。
43．【答案】European
【知识点】形容词作定语置于名词前
【解析】【分析】句意：亚洲人看起来与欧洲国家的人非常不同。空处表示"欧洲的"，European，形容词，做前置定语修饰名词countries，符合语境。故填European。
【点评】考查形容词European的识记运用以及形容词做前置定语修饰名词。注意：在语法填空题中，形容词作定语是常见的考查点之一。掌握其解题技巧，能有效提升答题准确率。一、明确形容词作定语的基本规则。形容词的主要功能之一是修饰名词，置于名词前作定语，即"形容词+名词"结构。二、解题步骤与技巧。（1）分析句子结构，定位修饰对象。首先需明确空白处修饰的名词。若空白后紧跟名词，通常需填入形容词。（2）结合上下文，判断形容词含义。根据语境选择符合逻辑的形容词。（3）注意词性转换。名词→形容词：许多名词可通过添加后缀（如-al, -ful, -ic等）或直接变形为形容词。副词→形容词：部分副词需去掉后缀或调整形式。（4）验证答案合理性。将答案代入句子，检查是否符合语法规则及语境逻辑。三、常见易错点。混淆形容词与副词：误将副词用于修饰名词。比较级与最高级误用：需根据语境判断是否需使用比较级或最高级。
44．【答案】daily/everyday
【知识点】形容词作定语置于名词前
【解析】【分析】句意：计算机极大地改变了我们的日常生活。空处表示"日常的"，daily/everyday，形容词，做前置定语修饰名词life，符合语境。故填daily/everyday。
【点评】考查形容词daily/everyday的识记运用以及形容词做前置定语修饰名词。注意：首先，明确句子的主语、谓语、宾语等基本成分，判断空格在句子中的位置。根据句子结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性。若空格处需填形容词作前置定语，则进一步分析应填形容词的具体内容和含义，根据上下文语境和句意，选择最符合句意的形容词。注意形容词的褒贬义和感彩。
45．【答案】pleasure
【知识点】不可数名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——珍妮，你能把垃圾拿出去扔一下吗？——乐意效劳。此处表示"乐意效劳"，with pleasure，固定短语，符合语境。故填pleasure。
【点评】考查固定短语with pleasure。注意：固定短语有其固定的结构和用法，包括词序、词性搭配等。在解题时，要注意短语的结构特点，确保填入的词与短语的其他部分在词性和词序上相匹配。固定短语的意义往往与语境和上下文密切相关。在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的语境和上下文，理解句子的整体意思和语境要求，从而选择最合适的固定短语填入空格。
【答案】46．nearly；47．suddenly；48．whether；49．used；50．websites
【知识点】说明文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了某些发明的原创性难以确定，因多人可能同期发明类似物品，且发明常相互启发。故资料记载时往往列出多位相关发明者。备选词的中文意思：sudden突然的；use使用/用途；website网站；nearly几乎/差不多；whether是否。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，注意答题时要首先跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
46．句意：这是因为有时几个人可能会发明出几乎相同的东西。根据" This is because sometimes a
few people may invent things which are... the same. It's hard to tell who came up with the
idea first. "以及备选词可知，确定某些发明的发明者往往很困难是因为有时几个人可能会发明出几乎相同的东西，故空处表示"几乎/差不多"，nearly，副词，作状语，符合语境。故填nearly。
47．句意：有些发明也可能会突然引发其他发明。根据" Some inventions can also lead to other
inventions...，So some people doubt...the invention came up with the idea himself or herself. "以及备选词可知，有些人怀疑发明者是否是自己想出了关于这个发明的主意是因为有些发明也可能会突然引发其他发明，故空处表示"突然地"，suddenly，副词，作状语修饰动词短语lead to，符合语境。故填suddenly。
48．句意：所以有些人怀疑发明者是否是自己想出了这个主意。根据" doubt "以及备选词可知，有些人怀疑发明者是否是自己想出了这个主意，故空处表示"是否"，whether，连词，引导宾语从句，符合语境。故填whether。
49．句意：他们认为发明者是利用了别人的想法来创造自己的发明。根据" They think that the
inventor...someone else's idea to create his or her invention. "以及备选词可知，人们认为发明者是利用了别人的想法来创造自己的发明，故空处表示"使用"，use，动词，此处陈述过去发生的动作，故谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填used。
50．句意：这就是为什么书籍或网站在介绍发明相关信息时通常会提及不止一位发明者的原因。根据" That's why books or... usually mention more than one inventor when giving information about inventions. "以及备选词可知，此处揭露了书籍或网站在介绍发明相关信息时通常会提及不止一位发明者的原因，故空处表示"网站"，website，可数名词，此处泛指多种网站，表示复数意义，应用其复数形式。故填websites。
【答案】51．but；52．biggest；53．are laughed；54．mistakes；55．until；56．what；57．to learn；58．to；59．more；60．by
【知识点】教育类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学好英语的三个关键方法：克服对错误的恐惧心理，通过反复练习掌握知识，以及营造良好的英语学习环境。同时强调测试练习对提升英语水平的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及连词，形容词，时态，语态，主谓一致，名词，状语从句，宾语从句，非谓语动词以及介词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
51．句意：每个人都知道他们必须学好英语，但有些人不知道如何成为一名优秀的学习者。分析句子语境可知，空前后构成转折关系，故空处表示"但是"，but，连词，符合语境。故填but。
52．句意：最大的问题是人们自身的恐惧。big，大的，形容词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词problem，结合语境可知，此处首先提出了关于学好英语需要克服的问题，故空处表示"最大的"， biggest，big的最高级，凸显克服恐惧对于学号英语的重要性，符合语境。故填biggest。
53．句意：一旦他们被别人嘲笑，就再也不说英语了。laugh，嘲笑，动词。空处为句子的谓语，动词laugh与主语they之间为被动关系，且此处陈述当前存在的状态，故谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are+过去分词，根据主谓一致原则，主语they为复数，故be动词应用are。故填are laughed。
54．句意：事实上，只有当我们不害怕犯错时，我们才能学好英语。mistake，错误，名词。空处在句中做动名词making的宾语，此处泛指多种错误，表示复数意义，应用其复数形式。故填mistakes。
55．句意：学习任何东西最快的方法就是反复去做，直到做对为止。根据" The fastest way to learn
anything is to do it again and again...you get it right. "可知，学习任何东西最快的方法就是反复去做，直到做对为止，故空处表示"直到......"，until，从属连词，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填until。
56．句意：不要让一点点恐惧阻碍你去获得你想要的东西。空处引导宾语从句，且在宾语从句中做宾语，空处表示"什么东西"，应用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
57．句意： 学习英语最好的方法是拥有一个良好的环境。learn，学习，动词。此处表示"做某事的方法"，the way to do sth，固定短语，符合语境，故空处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词way。故填to learn。
58．句意：在课堂上说英语，在你的房间周围摆放英语书籍，听英语广播，看英语新闻、电影和节目。此处表示"听..."，listen to，固定短语，符合语境。故填to。
59．句意：你身边的英语资料越多，你学英语的速度就会越快。much， 副词（非常/很/大量地/显著地），形容词（许多的/大量的）。此处表示"越......，越......"，"the+比较级，the+比较级"，固定搭配，故空处应用其比较级。故填more。
60．句意：然而，通过做练习和参加考试，你真的可以提高你的英语水平。 此处需要一个介词，引出 "提升英语水平" 所依靠的方式或手段，"by" 恰好符合这一用法，后接动词 - ing 形式构成 "by doing sth." 结构，表示 "通过做某事（达成某个目的）"。 故填by。
61．【答案】One possible version:
Double reduction policy has been carried out for several months. My life has changed a lot.
I used to go back home after school and finish homework late at night. I often slept less than nine hours. And because of the after-school classes I had to take on weekends, I had little time to relax myself. Even on vacation, I was still busy with study and seldom had time to spend time with my family.
Thanks to this policy, now I have evening self-study and finish my homework at school, so I sleep better than before. On weekends, I have more free time to do what I like, such as painting, reading or ball games.And on vacation, I usually enjoy climbing mountains or going to the beach with my parents.
Life is still busy but more relaxing. I think it's necessary for students to have free time to improve ourselves.
【知识点】提纲作文；说明文；学校生活
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇材料作文写作，要求考生写一篇英语短文阐述实施"双减"政策后自己在学习和生活上的变化以及感受。写作背景："双减"政策对学科类培训机构的培训行为做了规范并鼓励开设校内夜自修。内容包括：1. 综述"双减"政策的实施对自己学习生活带来的改变；2. 阐述实施"双减"政策后自己在学习和生活上的具体变化（过去和现在两个维度）；3. 阐述"双减"政策的事实给自己带来的积极影响。注意：1. 时态为一般现在时和一般过去时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数80个到100个之间。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：1. 高分句子：Thanks to this policy, now I have evening self-study and
finish my homework at school, so I sleep better than before. （运用了so连接的并列句）；On
weekends, I have more free time to do what I like, such as painting, reading or ball games.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）； I think it's necessary for students to have free time to
improve ourselves.（运用了省略了that引导的宾语从句以及it作形式主语）。2. 亮点词汇：used to do sth过去常常做某事；less than少于；because of因为；be busy with忙于......；have time to do sth有做某事的时间；thanks to因为/由于；enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事。
1 / 1浙江省宁波市宁海县七校联考2023-2024学年九年级上学期11月月考英语试题
一、完形填空（本题有 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 15 分）
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When I was 14, life was boring. 1． , I didn't mind having the same views every day. And even though my school had over a thousand students, I didn't really
2． to notice the differences between us all.
But this boring view of mine changed when my 3． bought me a camera for my birthday. After a month of playing with my new camera, I realized I had no
4． for taking pictures. Even if I got friends to pose in front of ancient buildings and in flowery fields, 5． seemed to work. My photos were clearly missing something of importance and had no creativity. After a while, I dropped my new hobby.
Then, a month or two later, I suddenly decided to 6． the hobby again. During the summer break, I went for a walk on the railroad tracks ( 铁轨) behind my house.
The tracks are in a warm red color. Before the 7． , I thought, "Maybe I should bring my camera. "
8． , this walk was what began my love for photography. When I was walking on the tracks without a model and only 9． around me, I realized how 10． it was to look at the details ( 细节) of things. I didn't worry about trying to create something beautiful. 11． ，I just took photos of the beauty already around me.
I quickly became 12． about color, lighting, shape and everything in between. After months of studying outdoor sights and looking at people's eyes, I was finally able to create 13． of my own. Slowly, my photos became something I was 14． .
So far, my works have appeared in two magazines and two different museums. They're not huge achievements, but they're important to me. And they're the 15． of how much my artistic abilities have grown.
Thanks to this birthday gift from my parents, I now have a new way of looking at the world.
1．A． Also B． However C． Then D． Besides
2．A． rush B． agree C． care D． dare
3．A． friend B． relative C． parents D． cousin
4．A． talent B． chance C． plan D． material
5．A． anything B． nothing C． nobody D． everybody
6．A． look up B． pick up C． get up D． make up
7．A． break B． summer C． track D． walk
8．A． Suddenly B． Slowly
C． Surprisingly D． Normally
9．A． nature B． train C． house D． camera
10．A． difficult B． creative C． important D． strange
11．A． Instead B． So C． Moreover D． Though
12．A． crazy B． interested C． careful D． active
13．A． life B． beauty C． money D． photo
14．A． proud of B． afraid of C． tired of D． sure of
15．A． results B． signs C． secrets D． reasons
【答案】1．B；2．C；3．C；4．A；5．B；6．B；7．D；8．C；9．A；10．C；11．A；12．A；13．B；14．A；15．B
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者14岁时因父母送的相机而爱上摄影的经历。从最初缺乏天赋到放弃，再到重新尝试后领悟摄影真谛，最终作品获得认可，展现了艺术成长的过程。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
1．句意：然而，我并不介意每天都过着千篇一律的日子。Also也；However然而；Then然后；Besides此外。根据"When I was 14, life was boring. "以及" I didn't mind having the same views
every day. "可知，空前后构成转折关系，故空处表示"然而"。故选B。
2．句意：尽管我的学校有一千多名学生，但我真的不太在意我们之间的差异。rush匆忙；agree同意；
care在意；dare敢于。根据" I didn't mind having the same views every day. "可知，作者不介意每天都过着千篇一律的日子，故不会在意学校一千多名学生之间的差异。故选C。
3．句意：但当我父母在我生日时给我买了一台相机后，我这种无趣的生活观改变了。friend朋友；relative亲戚；parents父母；cousin表亲。根据" Thanks to this birthday gift from my parents "可知，这台相机是作者的父母卖给作者的。故选C。
4．句意：在摆弄新相机一个月后，我意识到自己没有摄影天赋。talent天赋；chance机会；plan计划；
material材料。根据"Even if I got friends to pose in front of ancient buildings and in flowery
fields,... seemed to work. "可知，作者意识到自己没有摄影天赋。故选A。
5．句意：即使我让朋友们在古建筑前和花丛中摆姿势，似乎也拍不出好照片。anything任何事；
nothing无事；nobody无人；everybody每个人。根据" My photos were clearly missing
something of importance and had no creativity. "可知，即使作者的朋友们已经摆好了姿势让作者拍照，作者仍然觉得无论怎么尝试，照片都不理想，没有什么创意。故选B。
6．句意：一两个月后，我突然决定重新拾起这个爱好。look up查阅；pick up捡起/学会/重拾；get up起床；make up编造。根据"After a while, I dropped my new hobby. "以及"Then, a month or
two later, I suddenly decided to... the hobby again."可知，作者决定重拾这个爱好。故选B。
7．句意：散步前，我想："也许我应该带上相机。"break休息；summer夏天；track轨道；walk散步。根据"During the summer break, I went for a walk on the railroad tracks ( 铁轨) behind my
house. "可知，此处表示作者在散步之前的想法。故选D。
8．句意：令人惊讶的是，这次散步开启了我对摄影的热爱。Suddenly突然地；Slowly缓慢地；Surprisingly出乎意料地/令人惊讶地；Normally通常地。根据" After a while, I dropped my new
hobby. "以及" this walk was what began my love for photography. "可知，一次偶然的散步使作者对摄影由不感兴趣的状态转为对摄影的热爱，故作者感到非常惊讶。故选C。
9．句意：当我走在铁轨上，没有模特，只有周围的自然景色时，我意识到关注事物的细节是多么重要。nature自然；train火车；house房子；camera相机。根据" I just took photos of the beauty
already around me. "可知，此处表示作者走在铁轨上时，周围都是自然景色。故选A。
10．句意：当我走在铁轨上，没有模特，只有周围的自然景色时，我意识到关注事物的细节是多么重要。difficult困难的；creative创意的；important重要的；strange奇怪的。根据" I just took photos of
the beauty already around me. "可知，作者意识到观察细节（周围的景色）的重要性。故选C。
11．句意：相反，我只是拍摄周围已然存在的美。Instead相反；So所以；Moreover此外；Though尽管。根据" I didn't worry about trying to create something beautiful. "以及" I just took photos
of the beauty already around me. "可知，空前后两个句子构成语义上的转折关系，故空处表示"而不是/相反"。故选A。
12．句意：我很快就对色彩、光线、形状以及其间的一切着了迷。crazy疯狂的；interested感兴趣的；
careful小心的；active活跃的。根据"After months of studying outdoor sights and looking at
people's eyes,"可知，作者对色彩、光线、形状以及其间的一切非常着迷，故而花费几个月的时间去研究。故选A。
13．句意：在花了几个月研究户外风景、观察人们的眼神后，我终于能够创造出属于自己的美。life生活；
beauty美；money金钱；photo照片。根据" I just took photos of the beauty already around
me. "以及本句语境可知，作者能够通过摄影创造出属于自己的美。故选B。
14．句意：慢慢地，我开始为自己的照片感到骄傲。proud of自豪；afraid of害怕；tired of厌倦；sure of确信。根据" And they're the... of how much my artistic abilities have grown. "可知，作者对自己拍摄的照片感到自豪。故选A。
15．句意：它们是我艺术能力成长的标志。results结果；signs迹象/标志；secrets秘密；reasons原因。结合上下文语境可知，作者通过自己在摄影上的转变见证了自己的成长，故而作者拍摄的照片是自己成长的标志。故选B。
二、阅读理解（本题有 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共计 30 分）
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
16．If the bus is late, it's better to ____.
A．catch the last bus B．wait at the bus stop
C．leave the bus stop D．call the bus company
17．Which of the following does NOT help you stay safe on the bus
A．Wearing a seat-belt. B．Knowing the emergency exits.
C．Sitting calmly in your seat. D．Chatting with the bus driver.
18．Which of the following behaviors is dangerous
a. Getting on the bus while it's still moving.
b. Respecting other passengers.
c. Wearing headphones while getting off the bus.
d. Crossing the road in front of the bus.
A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd
【答案】16．B
17．D
18．C
【知识点】说明文；安全事故与预防；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了坐公交车的安全技巧。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
16．细节理解题。根据"If the bus is late,please stay at the bus stop."可知，如果公交车晚点了，最好在公交站等待。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据"If you are on a bus with searbelts,make sure to wear yours."；以及"Make sure you know where the emergency exits are in case there is an emergency"；以及"Do not run or jump on the bus."可知，以上三项属于在公交车上保持安全的规则，D选项"和公交车司机聊天。"未被提及，且结合常识可知，和公交车司机聊天不利于公交车的行驶安全。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据"Wait for the bus to come to a complete stop before you get on the bus."；以及"Remove your headphones before you get off the bus,as they can distract you from beinig fully aware of your surroundings and potential danger."；以及"Never cross the road in front of a bus"可知，以上三项都属于坐公交车前后被禁止的行为，对应acd。故选C。
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Linda Richards was the first graduate of an American nursing school. After receiving her degree in 1873, she went to work at Bellevue Hospital in New York City. Katherine Kelly told us an interesting story about her.
As night superintendent( 管理人) at the Bellevue Training School for Nurses, Linda Richards had to ask the day nurses for reports on the condition of her one hundred patients.
"You are so full of questions!" cried a day nurse in anger. "I could fill a notebook trying to answer them all!"
Linda was full of questions. She'd graduated a year before, and there was still so much she didn't know. That night she thought of what the day nurse had said.
Notebooks! Well, why not
①__At her first opportunity, she tied notebooks to the beds of her most severely(严重) ill patients. She begged the day nurses to keep a written record of each patient's condition, and she would do the same at night. ②
One evening Linda stopped at the bed of a sailor. After watching her write in the notebook, he asked jokingly if she was trying to chart his course.③ And so began the process of keeping a patient's chart, now used in hospitals and doctors' offices all over the world. ④
Linda Richards went on to become a pioneer in the field of nurses' training. She spent her life proving that "a trained nurse is better than an untrained one. " The American nurses' association honored Linda Richard's contribution by putting her image on its seal, surrounded by the words "Services, Humanity, Efficiency. "
19．Where can we best put the sentence "That's exactly what I'm trying to do, " she thought.in the passage
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
20．Why did the day nurse shout at Linda Richards in anger
A．Because the day nurse was always in a bad mood.
B．Because the day nurse didn't like Linda Richards.
C．Because the day nurse took care of too many patients in the day time.
D．Because Linda Richards asked too many questions about the patients.
21．In the last paragraph, the underlined word "contribution" means ____.
A．giving B．studying C．patience D．ability
22．What made Linda Richards use the notebooks according to the passage
A．The passage didn't tell us.
B．A day nurse hopes to use the notebooks.
C．What the day nurse said made her get this idea.
D．The sailor who was ill in hospital asked her to use the notebooks.
【答案】19．C
20．D
21．A
22．C
【知识点】记叙文；自我提升；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国首位护理学院毕业生Linda Richards在夜班工作时，因护士抱怨提问太多而受启发，首创病人病历记录系统，推动护理专业化发展，最终获得行业认可。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题以及词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。
19．推理判断题。 分析" 'That's exactly what I'm trying to do,' she thought. "可知，这句话是Linda对水手玩笑的内心回应，水手问她是否在"绘制他的航线（chart his course）"，而Linda实际上是在记录病情（chart指医疗记录）。因此，这句话应放在水手提问之后（③处），体现她的思考过程。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据" 'You are so full of questions!' cried a day nurse in anger. 'I could fill a
notebook trying to answer them all!'"可知，白班护士愤怒地对琳达·理查兹大喊大叫是因为Linda问了太多问题。故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据"The American nurses' association honored Linda Richard's contribution
by putting her image on its seal, surrounded by the words "Services, Humanity, Efficiency. ""可知，美国护士协会将Linda的形象印在徽章上，以表彰她的贡献，故"contribution"表示" 付出/给予/贡献 "。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据" 'You are so full of questions!' cried a day nurse in anger. 'I could fill a
notebook trying to answer them all!'"可知， 白班护士抱怨"回答问题能写满一个笔记本"，这句话启发了Linda将笔记本绑在病床上记录病情。故选C。
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A professor began his class by holding up a glass with some water in it. He held it up for all to see, and asked the students, "How much do you think this glass weighs "
"50 g!" "100 g!" "125 g!" the students answered.
"I really can't know unless I weigh it, " the professor said. "But my next question is: What would happen if I held it up like this for a few minutes "
"Nothing, " the students said.
"Okay. What would happen if I held it up like this for an hour " the professor asked.
"Your arm would begin to ache (酸痛), " one of the students said. "You're right. Now, what would happen if I held it for a day "
"Your arm could go numb ( 麻木的). You might have serious muscles stress, or paralysis (瘫痪). You would have to go to the hospital for sure!" another student said. All the students laughed.
"Very good. But during all these, did the weight of the glass change " the professor asked.
"No, " the student said.
"Then what caused the arm ache and the muscle stress " The students were puzzled.
"Putting the glass down!" one of the students said.
"Exactly!" said the professor. "The problems in life are like this. If you just think about them for a few minutes, they might not seem so bad. Think about them for a longer time, and they begin to ache. Hold them even longer and they begin to paralyze you. You will not be able to do anything. It's important to think about challenges in your life, but it's even more important to 'put them down' at the end of the day before you go to sleep. That way, you are not stressed, you wake up every day fresh and strong and can deal with any problems or challenges that come your way!"
23．The professor is giving a class about ____management (管理).
A．time B．money C．study D．task
24．The glass of water is compared to（比作）the following EXCEPT____.
A．challenges B．success C．problems D．stress
25．At the end of the story, the professor wanted to tell his students ____.
A．they should think twice before they speak
B．they shouldn't say things that they don't know well
C．releasing stress can help them deal with challenges better
D．they should ask the teacher if they don't understand the question
26．What's the best title for this passage
A．Put Down the Glass B．The Weight of the Glass
C．A Glass With Water D．Fill a Glass With Water
【答案】23．D
24．B
25．C
26．A
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动；细节理解；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。教授通过举杯实验说明：问题本身重量不变，但长期纠结会带来压力。关键是要学会适时"放下"烦恼，保持精力应对新挑战。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和标题选择题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
23．细节理解题。根据"It's important to think about challenges in your life, but it's even more
important to 'put them down' at the end of the day before you go to sleep. That way, you are not stressed, you wake up every day fresh and strong and can deal with any problems or
challenges that come your way!"可知， 教授通过举杯子的例子，教导学生如何应对生活中的问题/挑战，这些都属于任务管理的范畴。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据" The problems in life are like this... It's important to think about challenges
in your life, but it's even more important to 'put them down' at the end of the day before you go to sleep. That way, you are not stressed, you wake up every day fresh and strong and can deal with any problems or challenges that come your way!"可知，教授将水杯比作生活中的挑战（challenges）、问题（problems）和压力（stress），但全文未提及与成功（success）的类比。故选B。
25．细节理解题。 根据"That way, you are not stressed, you wake up every day fresh and strong
and can deal with any problems or challenges that come your way!"可知，故事结尾，教授想告诉他的学生们适时"放下"问题（释放压力），才能保持精力应对新挑战。故选C。
26．标题选择题。 通读全文可知，教授通过举杯实验说明：长期纠结问题会让人身心俱疲，适时"放下"压力才能保持活力应对挑战，"放下杯子（释放压力）"，符合主旨。故选A。
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面材料, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Mars is an empty planet, but that could change. Someday, it might have farms where fruit and vegetables could grow.
Growing food on Mars has always seemed hard. But scientists think they have found a way to do it. They put sheets（ 薄膜）of material on the ground. The sheets could change the cold, dry planet into land for farming.
Robin Wordsworth worked on the sheets at Harvard University in Massachusetts. He said the sheets could let people live on another planet. On Mars, the conditions are not good, though. Most importantly, and the air does not have much nitrogen（氮气） that plants need to grow.
The sheets do not solve all the problems. Still, they could help to set up a place for plants. The plants would grow only under the sheets. So there is less worry about harming the rest of Mars. The sheets would cover the plants.
The scientists worked with sheets about an inch thick. Those allowed light through for plants. They also warmed the ground and trapped enough heat to melt ice on Mars. Placing the sheets over icy parts of Mars could let plants alive there. Their study was printed in Nature Astronomy. The sheets could be on the ground to grow water plants and they also could be hung. That would give room to plants to grow on land below them.
Wordsworth said, "You can imagine this being used in a number of ways. It could be used for visitors to Mars. Later it could be for people who live there. However, it's a pity that the sheets are being studied in the lab. "
27．The scientists made sheets ____.
A．to change the weather of Mars
B．to get materials on the ground
C．to grow food on Mars
D．to let people live on Mars
28．The underlined word "that" refers to ____.
A．Making sheets an inch thick
B．Placing the sheets over icy parts
C．Growing many plants on the ground
D．Hanging the sheets above the land
29．From Wordsworth's words in the last paragraph，the sheets ____.
A．are still on the way
B．will be sent to Mars soon
C．can grow foods for him to eat
D．are popular for visitors to Mars
30．What is the passage mainly about？
A．Plants can live on Mars now.
B．Farming on Mars is coming true.
C．How do astronauts live on Mars？
D．Ways of growing plants on the earth.
【答案】27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【知识点】科普类；说明文；细节理解；代词指代；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种神奇的薄膜材料，这种薄膜材料使得在火星上耕种成为了可能。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，代词指代题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 在开始解答代词指代题之前，先快速浏览全文，对文章的主题、内容和结构有一个大致的了解，理解文章的整体语境，这有助于后续对代词指代关系的判断。仔细阅读题干，找出需要确定指代的代词，并在原文中精确定位其位置，代词的出现往往与上下文紧密相关，因此要注意代词前后的句子或段落。根据上下文和语境，分析代词与潜在指代对象之间的逻辑关系，确定哪个名词最有可能是代词的指代对象，确保代词所指代的内容与原文中的描述在语义上保持一致。将选定的指代对象代入原文中代词的位置，检查句子是否通顺、逻辑是否合理，如果代入后句子不通顺或逻辑矛盾，则重新考虑其他潜在指代对象。有些代词指代题会设置语境陷阱，通过复杂的句子结构或模糊的语境来迷惑考生，在解答这类题目时，要特别注意语境的深入理解，避免被表面现象所迷惑。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
27．细节理解题。根据"Growing food on Mars has always seemed hard. But scientists think they have found a way to do it. They put sheets (薄膜) of material on the ground."可知，科学家们研发了一种薄膜材料，这种薄膜材料用于在火星上种植食物，故选C。
28．代词指代题。"that"是代词，常用来代指前文出现的内容；"The sheets could be on the ground to grow water plants and they also could be hung."表示薄膜可以放在地上也可以挂起来，再结合"give room to plants to grow on land below them"可知，"that"指代的内容可以给植物生长提供空间；给出四个选项中，选项D"把薄膜悬挂在土地上方"符合要求。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据"However, it's a pity that the sheets are being studied in the lab."可知，薄膜还处于研究阶段，选项A"the sheets are still on the way"表达同样的含义。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是一种神奇的薄膜材料，这种材料使得在火星耕种成为可能，故选B。
三、任务型阅读（本题有 5 小题，每小题 1 分；共计 5 分）
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读短文，选出能填入 31-34 小题空白处的最佳选项，使文意通顺、正确；根据短文内容回答第 35 小题。
Earthquakes usually come without warning. What should you do if this happens to you An earthquake is dangerous, but there are still things you can do to protect yourself.
Stay calm as the earth begins to shake. Your chances of survival (幸存；存活) in an earthquake go up if you can keep calm. 　31． 　
　32． 　 You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects. Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is dangerous because of many glass objects.
　33． 　 Stay away from buildings and trees. If you are in a car, pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water as possible. Earthquakes can cause huge waves that can really harm the people nearby.
　34． 　For example, gas fire often comes with an earthquake. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors to an open area.
A. If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. B. Staying calm is not easy, but it can save your life. C. If you are inside when the earthquake starts, get under a table or a bed. D. When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger.
Remember to always hope for the best but prepare for the worst.
What is the passage mainly about 　35． 　
A. The ways to stay calm.
B. The ways to stay away from tall buildings.
C. The ways to move outdoors to an open area.
D. The ways to protect yourself when an earthquake happens.
【答案】31．B；32．C；33．A；34．D；35．D
【知识点】说明文；急救技能
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了地震时该如何保护自己。备选项的中文意思：
A. 如果你在户外，尽快到空旷的地方去。
B. 保持冷静并不容易，但它能挽救你的生命。
C. 如果地震开始时你在室内，躲到桌子或床底下。
D. 地震结束后，仍然存在很多危险。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。任务型阅读空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。
31．根据"Stay calm when the earth begins to shake."可知此处是说地震中要保持冷静，选项B" 保持冷静并不容易，但它能挽救你的生命。"符合语境，故选B。
32．根据"Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen."可知此处应介绍地震时在室内保护自己的方法，选项C"如果地震开始时你在室内，躲到桌子或床底下。"符合语境，故选C。
33．根据"Stay away from buildings and trees"可知此应介绍地震时在室外保护自己的方法，选项A"如果你在户外，尽快到空旷的地方去。"符合语境，故选A。
34．根据"For example, gas fire often comes with an earthquake."可知地震时也存在着其他的危险，选项D"地震结束后，仍然存在很多危险。"符合语境，故选D。
35．通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了地震发生时的自救方法。故选D。
四、词汇运用（本题有 15 小题，每小题 1 分；共计 15 分）A. 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。
36．（2023九上·宁海月考） We should speak to the old people 　 　（礼貌地）.
【答案】politely
【知识点】其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该礼貌地和老人说话。空处表示"礼貌地"，politely，副词，作状语修饰动词短语speak to，符合语境。故填politely。
【点评】考查副词politely的识记运用以及副词作状语修饰动词（短语）。注意：在语法填空题中，副词作状语的考查是高频考点之一。副词通过修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，能够精准表达时间、地点、程度、方式等语义关系。掌握副词作状语的解题技巧，能有效提升答题准确率。以下是系统性解题策略：一、副词作状语的核心功能，副词在句中主要充当状语，用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。其典型位置为：修饰动词：通常置于被修饰动词之后；修饰形容词/副词：置于被修饰词之前；修饰全句：置于句首或句尾。二、解题三步法。步骤1：定位空缺词性，提示词为形容词时：优先考虑变形为副词。无提示词时：需结合语境判断是否需要副词（如逻辑连接词、程度副词等）。步骤2：分析语法功能，修饰动词：确认动作发生的方式、频率或程度。修饰形容词/副词：注意比较级和最高级的修饰。修饰全句：关注逻辑关系词（如however, therefore, actually）。步骤3：验证逻辑合理性，将备选副词代入空缺处，检查：语义连贯性：是否符合上下文逻辑。语法正确性：是否与被修饰词性匹配。语用习惯性：是否符合英语表达习惯（如时间副词通常置于句尾）。三、总结。副词作状语的解题关键在于：词性转换：形容词→副词的规则与不规则变形。功能定位：明确修饰对象（动词/形容词/全句）。逻辑验证：确保语义与语法双重正确。
37．（2023九上·宁海月考）People
who learn 　 　(明智地) and well will achieve their dreams more easily.
【答案】wisely
【知识点】单词拼写；其他副词
【解析】【分析】句意：那些学习明智和学习好的人将更容易实现他们的梦想。明智地，wisely，副词修饰动词learn，故答案为：wisely。
【点评】此题考查副词拼写。注意副词修饰动词。
38．（2023九上·宁海月考） Our boss　 　（招待）us to dinner after work yesterday。
【答案】treated
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我们老板昨天下班后请我们吃了晚餐。空处表示"招待"，treat，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语yesterday可知，谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填treated。
【点评】考查动词treat的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。注意：注意：1.理解一般过去时的基本概念。一般过去时主要用于描述过去某个时间点发生的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如"yesterday"、"last week"、"two days ago"等。其动词形式为过去式，包括规则动词的过去式（一般在动词后加-ed）和不规则动词的过去式（如"go"的过去式是"went"，"do"的过去式是"did"等）。2. 识别时间状语。在解题时，首先要识别句子中的时间状语，这是判断句子是否应该使用一般过去时的重要依据。常见的表示过去的时间状语有：yesterday（昨天）；last week/month/year（上周/月/年）；two days ago（两天前）；in 1998（在1998年）。如果句子中出现了这些时间状语，或者可以通过上下文推断出动作发生在过去，那么就应该考虑使用一般过去时。3. 分析动词形式。在确定了句子应该使用一般过去时之后，接下来要分析动词的形式。对于规则动词，一般在其后加-ed构成过去式；对于不规则动词，则需要根据记忆或查表来确定其过去式。同时，要注意be动词的一般过去时形式是"was"和"were"，分别用于第一人称和第三人称单数、第一人称和第三人称复数以及第二人称单数和复数。4. 注意语境和逻辑。在解题过程中，除了要考虑时间状语和动词形式之外，还要注意语境和逻辑。有些句子虽然没有明确的时间状语，但根据上下文可以推断出动作发生在过去，此时也应该使用一般过去时。另外，还要注意句子之间的逻辑关系，确保时态的使用符合整个语境的需要。
39．（2023九上·宁海月考） It's very　 　（方便的）to go to Taiwan from the mainland of China by air now.
【答案】convenient
【知识点】形容词作表语
【解析】【分析】句意：现在从中国大陆乘飞机去台湾非常方便。空处表示"方便的"，convenient，形容词，在句中做表语，符合语境。故填convenient。
【点评】考查形容词convenient的识记运用以及形容词做表语。注意：要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思。明确主语是什么，以及句子想要表达关于主语的什么信息。 注意空格在句子中的位置，形容词做表语时，通常位于系动词（如be、become、feel、look等）之后，构成"主语+系动词+形容词"的结构。根据语境，判断所需形容词的类型（如描述性、情感性、评价性等）。考虑形容词是否需要与特定的名词或动词搭配。
40．（2023九上·宁海月考） Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn　 　(树叶).
【答案】leaves
【知识点】不规则变化的可数名词复数
【解析】【分析】句意：使生如夏花之绚烂，死如秋叶之静美。空处表示"树叶"，leaf，可数名词，根据summer flowers可知，此处泛指多种树叶，表示复数意义，应用其复数形式作介词like的宾语。故填 leaves。
【点评】 考查名词leaf的识记运用以及可数名词的复数。注意：首先通读句子，理解句子的整体意思和语境，再根据句子的语法结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性是否为名词，如果空处应填入名词，根据句子的要求和提示词，确定名词的具体形式（如单复数、所有格等）。检查名词与冠词、代词、形容词等的搭配是否正确，将确定好的名词形式填入空格处，并检查句子的语法和语义是否正确。
41．（2023九上·宁海月考） Good learners always take some 　 　（笔记）in class.
【答案】notes
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：优秀的学习者总是在课堂上做一些笔记。空处表示"笔记"，note，可数名词，空处在句中作宾语且被some修饰，应用其复数形式。故填notes。
【点评】考查名词note的识记运用以及可数名词的复数。注意：名词在句子中常需要根据语境进行形式上的变化，如单复数、所有格等。在填空时，首先要根据句子的意思和语法规则判断应填入的名词形式。例如，若句子中提到多个相同的事物，则名词需用复数形式；若表示所属关系，则需使用名词所有格。
42．（2023九上·宁海月考） I first thought someone 　 　（窃取，偷）my money. But the next day I found it in my jacket pocket.
【答案】stole
【知识点】时态统一；一般过去时；主句是一般过去时的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我一开始以为有人偷了我的钱。但第二天我在我的夹克口袋里找到了它。空处表示" 窃取/偷 "，steal，动词，空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及thought可知，谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填stole。
【点评】考查动词steal的识记运用以及时态（一般过去时）。注意：首先，要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。
43．（2023九上·宁海月考） People in Asia look very different from those in 　 　（欧洲的）countries.
【答案】European
【知识点】形容词作定语置于名词前
【解析】【分析】句意：亚洲人看起来与欧洲国家的人非常不同。空处表示"欧洲的"，European，形容词，做前置定语修饰名词countries，符合语境。故填European。
【点评】考查形容词European的识记运用以及形容词做前置定语修饰名词。注意：在语法填空题中，形容词作定语是常见的考查点之一。掌握其解题技巧，能有效提升答题准确率。一、明确形容词作定语的基本规则。形容词的主要功能之一是修饰名词，置于名词前作定语，即"形容词+名词"结构。二、解题步骤与技巧。（1）分析句子结构，定位修饰对象。首先需明确空白处修饰的名词。若空白后紧跟名词，通常需填入形容词。（2）结合上下文，判断形容词含义。根据语境选择符合逻辑的形容词。（3）注意词性转换。名词→形容词：许多名词可通过添加后缀（如-al, -ful, -ic等）或直接变形为形容词。副词→形容词：部分副词需去掉后缀或调整形式。（4）验证答案合理性。将答案代入句子，检查是否符合语法规则及语境逻辑。三、常见易错点。混淆形容词与副词：误将副词用于修饰名词。比较级与最高级误用：需根据语境判断是否需使用比较级或最高级。
44．（2023九上·宁海月考） The computer has changed our 　 　（日常的）life a lot.
【答案】daily/everyday
【知识点】形容词作定语置于名词前
【解析】【分析】句意：计算机极大地改变了我们的日常生活。空处表示"日常的"，daily/everyday，形容词，做前置定语修饰名词life，符合语境。故填daily/everyday。
【点评】考查形容词daily/everyday的识记运用以及形容词做前置定语修饰名词。注意：首先，明确句子的主语、谓语、宾语等基本成分，判断空格在句子中的位置。根据句子结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性。若空格处需填形容词作前置定语，则进一步分析应填形容词的具体内容和含义，根据上下文语境和句意，选择最符合句意的形容词。注意形容词的褒贬义和感彩。
45．（2023九上·宁海月考） —Jenny, could you please take out the trash
—With 　 　（高兴，愉快）
【答案】pleasure
【知识点】不可数名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——珍妮，你能把垃圾拿出去扔一下吗？——乐意效劳。此处表示"乐意效劳"，with pleasure，固定短语，符合语境。故填pleasure。
【点评】考查固定短语with pleasure。注意：固定短语有其固定的结构和用法，包括词序、词性搭配等。在解题时，要注意短语的结构特点，确保填入的词与短语的其他部分在词性和词序上相匹配。固定短语的意义往往与语境和上下文密切相关。在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的语境和上下文，理解句子的整体意思和语境要求，从而选择最合适的固定短语填入空格。
（2023九上·宁海月考） B. 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
sudden use website nearly whether
It is often difficult to decide on the inventor of certain inventions. This is because sometimes a few people may invent things which are 　46． 　 the same. It's hard to tell who came up with the idea first. Some inventions can also lead to other inventions 　47． 　So some people doubt 　48． 　the invention came up with the idea himself or herself. They think that the inventor came up with the idea himself or herself. They think that the inventor 　49． 　someone else's idea to create his or her invention. That's why books or 　50． 　 usually mention more than one inventor when giving information about inventions.
【答案】46．nearly；47．suddenly；48．whether；49．used；50．websites
【知识点】说明文；日常活动
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了某些发明的原创性难以确定，因多人可能同期发明类似物品，且发明常相互启发。故资料记载时往往列出多位相关发明者。备选词的中文意思：sudden突然的；use使用/用途；website网站；nearly几乎/差不多；whether是否。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，注意答题时要首先跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
46．句意：这是因为有时几个人可能会发明出几乎相同的东西。根据" This is because sometimes a
few people may invent things which are... the same. It's hard to tell who came up with the
idea first. "以及备选词可知，确定某些发明的发明者往往很困难是因为有时几个人可能会发明出几乎相同的东西，故空处表示"几乎/差不多"，nearly，副词，作状语，符合语境。故填nearly。
47．句意：有些发明也可能会突然引发其他发明。根据" Some inventions can also lead to other
inventions...，So some people doubt...the invention came up with the idea himself or herself. "以及备选词可知，有些人怀疑发明者是否是自己想出了关于这个发明的主意是因为有些发明也可能会突然引发其他发明，故空处表示"突然地"，suddenly，副词，作状语修饰动词短语lead to，符合语境。故填suddenly。
48．句意：所以有些人怀疑发明者是否是自己想出了这个主意。根据" doubt "以及备选词可知，有些人怀疑发明者是否是自己想出了这个主意，故空处表示"是否"，whether，连词，引导宾语从句，符合语境。故填whether。
49．句意：他们认为发明者是利用了别人的想法来创造自己的发明。根据" They think that the
inventor...someone else's idea to create his or her invention. "以及备选词可知，人们认为发明者是利用了别人的想法来创造自己的发明，故空处表示"使用"，use，动词，此处陈述过去发生的动作，故谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填used。
50．句意：这就是为什么书籍或网站在介绍发明相关信息时通常会提及不止一位发明者的原因。根据" That's why books or... usually mention more than one inventor when giving information about inventions. "以及备选词可知，此处揭露了书籍或网站在介绍发明相关信息时通常会提及不止一位发明者的原因，故空处表示"网站"，website，可数名词，此处泛指多种网站，表示复数意义，应用其复数形式。故填websites。
五、语法填空（本题有 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 10 分）
（2023九上·宁海月考） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
As we know, English is an important subject in middle school. Everyone knows that they must learn English well, 　51． 　 some people don't know how to be a good learner. Here are some tips that may help you with your English.
The 　52． 　(big) problem is people's own fear. Some people always worry that they won't say things correctly. Once they 　53． 　(laugh) at by others, they won't speak English at all. In fact, only when we aren't afraid of making 　54． 　 (mistake) can we learn English well.
The fastest way to learn anything is to do it again and again 　55． 　you get it right. Like anything else, learning English needs practice. Don't let a little fear stop from getting 　56． 　you want.
The best way 　57． 　 (learn) English is to have a good environment. Speak English in class, put English books around your room, listen 　58． 　English radios and watch English news, movies and programs. Speak English with your friends whenever you can. The 　59． 　(much) English material you have around you, the faster you will learn it.
Many people think that exercises and tests aren't much fun. However, 　60． 　 doing exercises and taking tests, you can really improve your English. If you never test yourself, you will never know how much progress you are making.
【答案】51．but；52．biggest；53．are laughed；54．mistakes；55．until；56．what；57．to learn；58．to；59．more；60．by
【知识点】教育类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学好英语的三个关键方法：克服对错误的恐惧心理，通过反复练习掌握知识，以及营造良好的英语学习环境。同时强调测试练习对提升英语水平的重要性。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及连词，形容词，时态，语态，主谓一致，名词，状语从句，宾语从句，非谓语动词以及介词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
51．句意：每个人都知道他们必须学好英语，但有些人不知道如何成为一名优秀的学习者。分析句子语境可知，空前后构成转折关系，故空处表示"但是"，but，连词，符合语境。故填but。
52．句意：最大的问题是人们自身的恐惧。big，大的，形容词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词problem，结合语境可知，此处首先提出了关于学好英语需要克服的问题，故空处表示"最大的"， biggest，big的最高级，凸显克服恐惧对于学号英语的重要性，符合语境。故填biggest。
53．句意：一旦他们被别人嘲笑，就再也不说英语了。laugh，嘲笑，动词。空处为句子的谓语，动词laugh与主语they之间为被动关系，且此处陈述当前存在的状态，故谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are+过去分词，根据主谓一致原则，主语they为复数，故be动词应用are。故填are laughed。
54．句意：事实上，只有当我们不害怕犯错时，我们才能学好英语。mistake，错误，名词。空处在句中做动名词making的宾语，此处泛指多种错误，表示复数意义，应用其复数形式。故填mistakes。
55．句意：学习任何东西最快的方法就是反复去做，直到做对为止。根据" The fastest way to learn
anything is to do it again and again...you get it right. "可知，学习任何东西最快的方法就是反复去做，直到做对为止，故空处表示"直到......"，until，从属连词，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填until。
56．句意：不要让一点点恐惧阻碍你去获得你想要的东西。空处引导宾语从句，且在宾语从句中做宾语，空处表示"什么东西"，应用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
57．句意： 学习英语最好的方法是拥有一个良好的环境。learn，学习，动词。此处表示"做某事的方法"，the way to do sth，固定短语，符合语境，故空处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词way。故填to learn。
58．句意：在课堂上说英语，在你的房间周围摆放英语书籍，听英语广播，看英语新闻、电影和节目。此处表示"听..."，listen to，固定短语，符合语境。故填to。
59．句意：你身边的英语资料越多，你学英语的速度就会越快。much， 副词（非常/很/大量地/显著地），形容词（许多的/大量的）。此处表示"越......，越......"，"the+比较级，the+比较级"，固定搭配，故空处应用其比较级。故填more。
60．句意：然而，通过做练习和参加考试，你真的可以提高你的英语水平。 此处需要一个介词，引出 "提升英语水平" 所依靠的方式或手段，"by" 恰好符合这一用法，后接动词 - ing 形式构成 "by doing sth." 结构，表示 "通过做某事（达成某个目的）"。 故填by。
六、书面表达（本题有 1 小题；共计 25 分）
61．（2023九上·宁海月考） 2021 年 9 月 1 日起，教育部推行"双减"政策（double reduction policy），明确规定：一、今后学科类培训机构不得占用双休日、法定节假日、寒暑假开展培训；二、鼓励开设校内夜自修。作为一名初中生，谈谈实施"双减"政策后，你的学习、生活发生了哪些变化以及你的感受。
注意：(1)短文必须包括所有要点，并适当发挥；(2)文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；(3)词数：80—100；
Double reduction policy has been carried out for several months. My life has changed a lot.
【答案】One possible version:
Double reduction policy has been carried out for several months. My life has changed a lot.
I used to go back home after school and finish homework late at night. I often slept less than nine hours. And because of the after-school classes I had to take on weekends, I had little time to relax myself. Even on vacation, I was still busy with study and seldom had time to spend time with my family.
Thanks to this policy, now I have evening self-study and finish my homework at school, so I sleep better than before. On weekends, I have more free time to do what I like, such as painting, reading or ball games.And on vacation, I usually enjoy climbing mountains or going to the beach with my parents.
Life is still busy but more relaxing. I think it's necessary for students to have free time to improve ourselves.
【知识点】提纲作文；说明文；学校生活
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇材料作文写作，要求考生写一篇英语短文阐述实施"双减"政策后自己在学习和生活上的变化以及感受。写作背景："双减"政策对学科类培训机构的培训行为做了规范并鼓励开设校内夜自修。内容包括：1. 综述"双减"政策的实施对自己学习生活带来的改变；2. 阐述实施"双减"政策后自己在学习和生活上的具体变化（过去和现在两个维度）；3. 阐述"双减"政策的事实给自己带来的积极影响。注意：1. 时态为一般现在时和一般过去时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数80个到100个之间。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：1. 高分句子：Thanks to this policy, now I have evening self-study and
finish my homework at school, so I sleep better than before. （运用了so连接的并列句）；On
weekends, I have more free time to do what I like, such as painting, reading or ball games.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）； I think it's necessary for students to have free time to
improve ourselves.（运用了省略了that引导的宾语从句以及it作形式主语）。2. 亮点词汇：used to do sth过去常常做某事；less than少于；because of因为；be busy with忙于......；have time to do sth有做某事的时间；thanks to因为/由于；enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事。
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