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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
初三上册英语阅读理解（中考大纲适配版）
初三英语阅读理解训练说明 (基于现有10篇文本)
本系列阅读理解训练材料，严格依据《义务教育英语课程标准》对初三学段的整体要求进行编撰，旨在引导学生从基础阅读向中考要求平稳过渡。其设计特点如下：
一、文本特征与定位
文章长度：本系列单篇阅读文本长度严格控制在200词以内，（总计1,423词）。这一设计旨在作为初三上学期的入门与适应性训练，帮助学生在接触更冗长、复杂的文本之前，优先巩固核心词汇、基础句式和解题技巧，逐步建立阅读信心与耐力。
语言风格：在有限的篇幅内，尽可能保持语言的地道性与实用性，话题紧密围绕学生熟悉或需要了解的语境展开。
二、能力培养目标
本系列虽然篇幅精简，但训练目标明确，聚焦于以下几项核心阅读微技能的培养：
精准定位：在相对短小的文本中快速查找关键信息（人物、时间、地点、因果等）。
基础推理：根据文本明确给出的信息，进行简单的逻辑推断。
主旨把握：概括段落或短文的中心思想。
词汇建构：在具体语境中学习和巩固中考高频词汇与主题词汇。
三、话题设计体系
文章话题经过精心选择，完全符合初三学生的认知水平与中考常见话题范围，具体包括：
社会热点：如5G技术、共享单车。
传统文化：如中国书法。
成长发展：如职业规划、心理健康、榜样力量。
环境意识：如清洁能源。
安全与素养：如网络安全、文化交流、均衡饮食。
四、题型配置与解析
题型配置：每篇文章后均设有5道单项选择题，全面覆盖细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意和观点态度等基础题型，确保训练的系统性。
解析模式：答案解析不仅提供正确选项的依据，更侧重于剖析解题思路，帮助学生理解错误选项的干扰点何在，从而掌握同类题目的解决方法。
总结与价值
本系列训练材料的核心价值在于其过渡性与奠基性。它通过难度适中、话题丰富的短文，为学生搭建了一个稳步提升的平台，是实现从初二到中考水平跃升过程中不可或缺的初级阶梯。在扎实完成此阶段训练后，学生将能更自信、更顺畅地过渡到篇幅更长、语言更复杂的中考标准（250-350词）阅读理解训练中。
Passage 1 (健康生活：均衡饮食)
A balanced diet is very important for our health. It helps our bodies grow and stay strong. So, what is a balanced diet It means eating different kinds of food from all the food groups.
We should eat plenty of fruits and vegetables because they are full of vitamins. We also need to eat enough carbohydrates like rice and bread to give us energy. Protein from meat, fish, and beans is important for our muscles. Don't forget dairy products like milk for strong bones and teeth. Of course, we can enjoy some sweets or oily food sometimes, but not too much.
Remember, drinking enough water is also part of a healthy diet. Try to avoid too many sugary drinks. Eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly are the keys to a healthy life.
1.
What is the main idea of the passage
A. Exercise is the only key to health.
B. A balanced diet is important for our health.
C. We should only eat fruits and vegetables.
D. Sugary drinks are the best.
2.
Why should we eat plenty of fruits and vegetables
A. Because they are full of vitamins.
B. Because they give us protein.
C. Because they are sugary.
D. Because they are cheap.
3.
What food gives us a lot of energy
A. Meat and fish.
B. Rice and bread.
C. Milk and cheese.
D. Sweets and cakes.
4.
According to the passage, what is also important besides eating well
A. Drinking sugary drinks.
B. Watching TV.
C. Exercising regularly.
D. Playing video games.
5.
What should we try to avoid too much of
A. Water.
B. Fruits.
C. Sugary drinks.
D. Vegetables.
Passage 2 (科学技术：5G时代)
5G is the fifth generation of mobile network technology. It is much faster than 4G. With 5G, you can download a movie in just a few seconds. But 5G is not just about speed.
It will change our lives in many ways. For example, it will make self-driving cars safer because they can communicate with each other without any delay. Doctors in different cities can even do an operation together online with the help of 5G. Also, more smart home devices will be connected, making our lives more convenient.
However, building 5G networks needs a lot of new towers, which costs a lot of money. Some people also worry about whether it is safe for our health. Scientists are still studying this.
1.
What is the main advantage of 5G mentioned in the passage
A. It is cheaper.
B. It is much faster.
C. It is safer for health.
D. It needs no towers.
2.
How can 5G help self-driving cars
A. By making them cheaper.
B. By allowing them to communicate without delay.
C. By making them use less energy.
D. By helping them carry more people.
3.
What can doctors do with 5G according to the passage
A. They can become richer.
B. They can do online operations together.
C. They can work less.
D. They can buy new phones.
4.
What is a problem with 5G
A. It is too slow.
B. It doesn't work with smartphones.
C. Building its networks is expensive.
D. It can't be used in hospitals.
5.
What are some people worried about
A. The speed of 5G.
B. The color of 5G phones.
C. The health safety of 5G.
D. The price of 5G phones.
Passage 3 (传统文化：中国书法)
Chinese calligraphy is a traditional art form of writing Chinese characters. It is an important part of Chinese culture. People need a brush, ink, and paper to do calligraphy.
Learning calligraphy is not easy. It requires patience and practice. When you practice calligraphy, you need to sit straight and hold the brush correctly. Every stroke of a character is important. Good calligraphy is not just about writing words; it is also a way to express feelings and show beauty.
Many people in China still enjoy this art today. Some parents send their children to calligraphy classes after school. They think it can help children become more patient and focused. It is also a good way to learn about Chinese culture.
1.
What is Chinese calligraphy
A. A way of painting pictures.
B. A traditional art of writing Chinese characters.
C. A new kind of dance.
D. A method of making ink.
2.
What do you need to do calligraphy
A. A computer and a printer.
B. A brush, ink, and paper.
C. A pencil and a ruler.
D. A camera and a phone.
3.
What does learning calligraphy require
A. Speed and strength.
B. Patience and practice.
C. A lot of money.
D. Being very young.
4.
According to the passage, what can calligraphy help children become
A. More impatient.
B. More focused.
C. Less interested in culture.
D. Better at sports.
5.
Why do some parents send their children to learn calligraphy
A. Because it is very easy.
B. Because it helps them make money.
C. Because it helps them become more patient and learn about culture.
D. Because they want their children to become artists.
Passage 4 (环境保护：清洁能源)
Fossil fuels like coal and oil are widely used today. But burning them causes air pollution and climate change. Clean energy is a better choice for our planet.
Clean energy comes from natural sources like the sun, wind, and water. Solar energy uses sunlight to make electricity. Wind energy uses wind to turn large fans called turbines. Water energy, or hydropower, uses moving water to produce power. These ways of making energy don't pollute the air.
Many countries are now developing clean energy. In China, you can see many solar panels and wind farms. Using clean energy can help us have cleaner air and a healthier planet. Everyone can help by saving electricity at home and school.
1.
What is the problem with burning fossil fuels
A. It makes the air clean.
B. It causes air pollution and climate change.
C. It uses too much water.
D. It is too cheap.
2.
Which is NOT mentioned as a source of clean energy
A. Sunlight.
B. Wind.
C. Moving water.
D. Coal.
3.
What does wind energy use to turn turbines
A. Sunlight.
B. Water.
C. Wind.
D. Gas.
4.
Why is clean energy better
A. Because it is more expensive.
B. Because it doesn't pollute the air.
C. Because it is harder to find.
D. Because it causes climate change.
5.
How can everyone help according to the passage
A. By using more cars.
B. By wasting electricity.
C. By saving electricity.
D. By burning more coal.
Passage 5 (社会现象：共享单车)
Shared bikes are very popular in many Chinese cities. They are usually yellow, blue, or green. You can find them almost everywhere. To use a shared bike, you just need a smartphone. You scan the QR code on the bike, and then you can ride it. It is very convenient for short trips.
Shared bikes help people solve the "last mile" problem. This means they are a good way to get from your home to the bus stop or from the subway station to your office. They are also good for the environment because they don't use petrol.
However, there are some problems. Sometimes people park the bikes in the wrong places, which blocks the way. And a lot of bikes are broken. Everyone should use shared bikes in a right way to make our cities better.
1.
How can you use a shared bike
A. By using a key.
B. By using a smartphone to scan a QR code.
C. By asking the owner.
D. By putting money in it.
2.
What is the "last mile" problem
A. The problem of making bikes.
B. The problem of getting from a transportation stop to your final destination.
C. The problem of buying bikes.
D. The problem of finding a parking lot.
3.
Why are shared bikes good for the environment
A. Because they are very cheap.
B. Because they don't use petrol.
C. Because they are very fast.
D. Because they are everywhere.
4.
What is a problem with shared bikes
A. They are too slow.
B. They are sometimes parked in wrong places.
C. They are too expensive.
D. They are not convenient.
5.
What should everyone do
A. Never use shared bikes.
B. Use shared bikes in a right way.
C. Take the bikes home.
D. Break the bikes.
Passage 6 (职业规划：未来的技能)
The world is changing fast. Many jobs today may disappear in the future, and new jobs will appear. So, what skills should we learn to prepare for the future
First, learning how to learn is very important. We need to keep learning new things all our lives. Second, creativity is a key skill. Machines can do many things, but they are not as creative as humans. We need to think of new ideas and solve problems in new ways. Third, we need good communication skills. We must know how to work well with others and express our ideas clearly.
Besides these, being able to use technology is a must. We don't all need to be computer programmers, but we should know how to use basic digital tools. Finally, don't forget emotional intelligence. It helps us understand ourselves and others better.
1.
Why do we need to prepare for future jobs
A. Because the world is changing fast.
B. Because all jobs will disappear.
C. Because we don't need to work.
D. Because machines will do everything.
2.
Which skill is mentioned as very important for the future
A. How to stop learning.
B. Creativity.
C. How to use a typewriter.
D. How to avoid technology.
3.
Why is creativity important
A. Because machines are more creative.
B. Because we need to think of new ideas.
C. Because it makes us tired.
D. Because it is not useful.
4.
What does "emotional intelligence" help us do
A. It helps us run faster.
B. It helps us understand ourselves and others.
C. It helps us make more money.
D. It helps us use computers.
5.
What is the main idea of the passage
A. We don't need any new skills.
B. We should learn some important skills for the future.
C. Only technology skills are important.
D. Communication is not necessary.
Passage 7 (心理健康：管理情绪)
It is normal to have different feelings, like happiness, anger, or sadness. But sometimes, strong feelings can be difficult to handle. Learning to manage our emotions is good for our mental health.
First, we need to know what we are feeling. Give your feeling a name. Are you angry, or are you just worried Then, it's helpful to talk to someone you trust, like a parent, teacher, or friend. They can give you support and advice. Doing sports, listening to music, or drawing can also help you feel better. These activities can help you relax.
Remember, it's okay to feel sad or angry sometimes. But we shouldn't let these feelings control us for too long. If you feel very sad for a long time and it affects your daily life, don't be afraid to ask a professional for help.
1.
What is the main idea of the passage
A. We should only be happy.
B. Learning to manage emotions is good for mental health.
C. Feelings are not important.
D. We should never talk about our feelings.
2.
What is the first step to manage emotions
A. Ignore them.
B. Know what you are feeling.
C. Eat a lot of food.
D. Go to sleep.
3.
Who can you talk to when you have strong feelings
A. A stranger.
B. Someone you trust.
C. No one.
D. Only your pet.
4.
Which activity is mentioned as helpful for relaxing
A. Playing video games for a long time.
B. Listening to music.
C. Fighting with others.
D. Eating junk food.
5.
What should you do if you feel very sad for a long time
A. Hide it from everyone.
B. Ask a professional for help.
C. Think it's not important.
D. Be angry with your friends.
Passage 8 (国际理解：文化交流)
With the development of the Internet, it is easier than ever to learn about different cultures. Cultural exchange helps people from different countries understand each other better.
For example, many foreigners are interested in Chinese culture. They learn Chinese, practice kung fu, or enjoy Chinese food. At the same time, many Chinese people are learning about Western cultures. They celebrate Christmas, watch Hollywood movies, and eat Western food. This kind of exchange can make the world more connected and peaceful.
However, when we learn about a new culture, we should respect it. We need to understand that people from different backgrounds may have different values and ways of life. We should not think our own culture is better than others. Respect is the key to successful cultural exchange.
1.
What makes it easier to learn about different cultures today
A. The development of the Internet.
B. The decrease of schools.
C. The end of travel.
D. The loss of languages.
2.
What are some foreigners interested in according to the passage
A. Only Chinese food.
B. Chinese culture like language and kung fu.
C. Making money in China.
D. Only Chinese movies.
3.
What can cultural exchange help to make the world
A. More connected and peaceful.
B. More boring.
C. More difficult.
D. More expensive.
4.
What is the most important thing when we learn about a new culture
A. To laugh at it.
B. To think our culture is better.
C. To respect it.
D. To forget our own culture.
5.
What should we understand about people from different backgrounds
A. They are all the same.
B. They may have different values.
C. They all think in the same way.
D. They don't like their own culture.
Passage 9 (安全教育：网络安全)
The Internet brings us a lot of fun and useful information. But it also has some dangers. We need to learn how to stay safe online.
First, we must protect our personal information. Don't tell strangers your real name, address, phone number, or password. Second, be careful when you make friends online. Not everyone online is who they say they are. It's safer to only talk to people you know in real life. Third, if you see something strange or bad online, or if someone makes you feel uncomfortable, tell your parents or a teacher immediately.
Remember, spending too much time online is not good for your health. It's important to have some screen-free time every day to do other activities, like reading books or playing outside.
1.
What is the main topic of the passage
A. How to play online games.
B. How to stay safe online.
C. How to buy things online.
D. How to make more friends online.
2.
What should you NOT tell strangers online
A. Your favorite color.
B. Your favorite movie.
C. Your personal information like your name and address.
D. Your hobbies.
3.
What should you do if someone online makes you feel uncomfortable
A. Keep it a secret.
B. Tell your parents or a teacher.
C. Meet them in person.
D. Send them more information.
4.
Why is it not good to spend too much time online
A. Because it is good for your health.
B. Because it is not good for your health.
C. Because it saves money.
D. Because it makes you smarter.
5.
What does "screen-free time" mean
A. Time for using the computer.
B. Time for watching TV.
C. Time without using phones, computers, or TVs.
D. Time for playing video games.
Passage 10 (榜样力量：平凡英雄)
We often see heroes in movies. But in real life, heroes are often ordinary people who do great things. They are around us.
A hero can be a doctor who works day and night to save lives. A hero can be a teacher who cares about students and helps them grow. A hero can also be a cleaner who keeps our city clean and beautiful. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many delivery drivers were heroes. They delivered food and medicine to people who had to stay at home. They helped people get through the difficult time.
We don't need to have superpowers to be a hero. A kind word, a helping hand, or doing our job well can make a difference. Everyone can be a hero in their own way.
1.
Who are real-life heroes according to the passage
A. Only people in movies.
B. Ordinary people who do great things.
C. Only famous people.
D. Only doctors and teachers.
2.
Which example of a hero is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. A doctor.
B. A teacher.
C. A cleaner.
D. A movie star.
3.
What did delivery drivers do during the COVID-19 pandemic
A. They stayed at home.
B. They delivered food and medicine.
C. They made movies.
D. They became doctors.
4.
What do we need to be a hero
A. Superpowers.
B. A lot of money.
C. We don't need superpowers.
D. To be famous.
5.
What is the main message of the passage
A. Only some people can be heroes.
B. Everyone can be a hero in their own way.
C. Heroes must be strong.
D. We should only help our friends.
答案与解析
答案汇总表
篇章 第1题 第2题 第3题 第4题 第5题
Passage 1 B A B C C
Passage 2 B B B C C
Passage 3 B B B B C
Passage 4 B D C B C
Passage 5 B B B B B
Passage 6 A B B B B
Passage 7 B B B B B
Passage 8 A B A C B
Passage 9 B C B B C
Passage 10 B D B C B
详细解析
以下是全部10篇阅读理解的全新版详细解析：
该解析体系完全侧重于教授解题方法，通过清晰的步骤（关键词定位 → 原文寻踪 → 选项比对），引导学生如何主动在原文中寻找答案，并具体分析每一个选项的对错原因。
Passage 1 (健康生活：均衡饮食)
1
What is the main idea of the passage
A. Exercise is the only key to health.
B. A balanced diet is important for our health.
C. We should only eat fruits and vegetables.
D. Sugary drinks are the best.
【解析】
第一步：识别题型。 本题为主旨大意题，需要抓住文章核心话题。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章首句“A balanced diet is very important for our health.”直接点明主题。全文后续内容均在解释什么是均衡饮食及其重要性，始终围绕“balanced diet”这一核心概念展开。
第三步：选项比对。
B 是文章主题句的同义转述，正确。
A 错误，文章最后提到运动是“关键之一”，并非“唯一”。
C 错误，文章主张吃多种食物，而非“只吃”果蔬。
D 与文章“Try to avoid too many sugary drinks”的建议完全相反。
【答案】B
2.
Why should we eat plenty of fruits and vegetables
A. Because they are full of vitamins.
B. Because they give us protein.
C. Because they are sugary.
D. Because they are cheap.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“fruits and vegetables”和“why”（原因）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到句子：“We should eat plenty of fruits and vegetables because they are full of vitamins.”
第三步：选项比对。 选项A与原文原因完全一致。
【答案】A
3.
What food gives us a lot of energy
A. Meat and fish.
B. Rice and bread.
C. Milk and cheese.
D. Sweets and cakes.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“food”和“gives us a lot of energy”。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到明确表述：“We also need to eat enough carbohydrates like rice and bread to give us energy.”
第三步：选项比对。
B 与原文信息完全匹配。
A 错误，原文提到肉和鱼是“important for our muscles”，未说是主要能量来源。
C 错误，原文提到奶制品是“for strong bones and teeth”。
D 错误，原文建议甜食要少吃，未将其作为能量主要来源。
【答案】B
4.According to the passage, what is also important besides eating well
A. Drinking sugary drinks.
B. Watching TV.
C. Exercising regularly.
D. Playing video games.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“also important besides eating well”。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章最后一句明确提到：“Eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly are the keys to a healthy life.”
第三步：选项比对。 选项C是原文的直接复现。
【答案】C
5.What should we try to avoid too much of
A. Water.
B. Fruits.
C. Sugary drinks.
D. Vegetables.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“avoid too much”（避免过多）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在最后一段找到建议：“Try to avoid too many sugary drinks.”
第三步：选项比对。 选项C是原文的直接复现。
【答案】C
Passage 2 (科学技术：5G时代)
1.
What is the main advantage of 5G mentioned in the passage
A. It is cheaper.
B. It is much faster.
C. It is safer for health.
D. It needs no towers.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“main advantage”（主要优点）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章开头直接说明：“5G is the fifth generation of mobile network technology. It is much faster than 4G.” 后续内容虽提到其他改变，但“速度更快”是其最基础、最先被提及的优势。
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文首段核心信息的直接转述。
【答案】B
2.How can 5G help self-driving cars
A. By making them cheaper.
B. By allowing them to communicate without delay.
C. By making them use less energy.
D. By helping them carry more people.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“self-driving cars”。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到相关句：“it will make self-driving cars safer because they can communicate with each other without any delay.”
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是“communicate... without any delay”的同义转述。
【答案】B
3.What can doctors do with 5G according to the passage
A. They can become richer.
B. They can do online operations together.
C. They can work less.
D. They can buy new phones.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“doctors”。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到相关句：“Doctors in different cities can even do an operation together online with the help of 5G.”
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
4.What is a problem with 5G
A. It is too slow.
B. It doesn't work with smartphones.
C. Building its networks is expensive.
D. It can't be used in hospitals.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“problem”（问题）。注意第三段开头的信号词“However”。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第三段找到：“However, building 5G networks needs a lot of new towers, which costs a lot of money.”
第三步：选项比对。 选项C是“costs a lot of money”的同义转述。
【答案】C
5.What are some people worried about
A. The speed of 5G.
B. The color of 5G phones.
C. The health safety of 5G.
D. The price of 5G phones.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是“worried about”（担心）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第三段找到：“Some people also worry about whether it is safe for our health.”
第三步：选项比对。 选项C是“safe for our health”的同义转述。
【答案】C
Passage 3 (传统文化：中国书法)
1.What is Chinese calligraphy
A. A way of painting pictures.
B. A traditional art of writing Chinese characters.
C. A new kind of dance.
D. A method of making ink.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"Chinese calligraphy"的定义。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章第一句明确说明："Chinese calligraphy is a traditional art form of writing Chinese characters."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B与原文定义完全一致。
【答案】B
2.What do you need to do calligraphy
A. A computer and a printer.
B. A brush, ink, and paper.
C. A pencil and a ruler.
D. A camera and a phone.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"need"（需要什么工具）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第一段找到："People need a brush, ink, and paper to do calligraphy."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
3.What does learning calligraphy require
A. Speed and strength.
B. Patience and practice.
C. A lot of money.
D. Being very young.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"learning calligraphy require"（学习书法需要什么）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段开头找到："Learning calligraphy is not easy. It requires patience and practice."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
4.According to the passage, what can calligraphy help children become
A. More impatient.
B. More focused.
C. Less interested in culture.
D. Better at sports.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"help children become"（帮助孩子变得...）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在最后一段找到："They think it can help children become more patient and focused."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B "more focused"是原文"more patient and focused"的部分信息匹配。
【答案】B
5.Why do some parents send their children to learn calligraphy
A. Because it is very easy.
B. Because it helps them make money.
C. Because it helps them become more patient and learn about culture.
D. Because they want their children to become artists.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"why... parents send their children"（父母为什么送孩子学书法）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在最后一段找到原因："They think it can help children become more patient and focused. It is also a good way to learn about Chinese culture."
第三步：选项比对。 选项C完整概括了原文中提到的两个原因："more patient"和"learn about culture"。
【答案】C
Passage 4 (环境保护：清洁能源)
1.What is the problem with burning fossil fuels
A. It makes the air clean.
B. It causes air pollution and climate change.
C. It uses too much water.
D. It is too cheap.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"problem with burning fossil fuels"（燃烧化石燃料的问题）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第一段找到："But burning them causes air pollution and climate change."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
2.Which is NOT mentioned as a source of clean energy
A. Sunlight.
B. Wind.
C. Moving water.
D. Coal.
【解析】
第一步：识别题型。 本题为细节判断题，需要找出未提及的选项。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到清洁能源来源："Clean energy comes from natural sources like the sun, wind, and water." 具体提到了"solar energy"（太阳能）、"wind energy"（风能）、"water energy"（水能）。
第三步：选项比对。
A (Sunlight)、B (Wind)、C (Moving water) 原文均已提及。
D (Coal) 是化石燃料，在第一段提到，但不属于清洁能源来源。
【答案】D
3.What does wind energy use to turn turbines
A. Sunlight.
B. Water.
C. Wind.
D. Gas.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"wind energy"和"turn turbines"（转动涡轮机）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到："Wind energy uses wind to turn large fans called turbines."
第三步：选项比对。 选项C是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】C
4.Why is clean energy better
A. Because it is more expensive.
B. Because it doesn't pollute the air.
C. Because it is harder to find.
D. Because it causes climate change.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"why... clean energy better"（为什么清洁能源更好）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段最后找到："These ways of making energy don't pollute the air."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的同义转述。
【答案】B
5.How can everyone help according to the passage
A. By using more cars.
B. By wasting electricity.
C. By saving electricity.
D. By burning more coal.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"how can everyone help"（每个人如何帮忙）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在文章最后一句找到："Everyone can help by saving electricity at home and school."
第三步：选项比对。 选项C是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】C
Passage 5 (社会现象：共享单车)
1.How can you use a shared bike
A. By using a key.
B. By using a smartphone to scan a QR code.
C. By asking the owner.
D. By putting money in it.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"how to use a shared bike"（如何使用共享单车）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第一段找到："To use a shared bike, you just need a smartphone. You scan the QR code on the bike, and then you can ride it."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B完整描述了原文中的使用步骤。
【答案】B
2.What is the "last mile" problem
A. The problem of making bikes.
B. The problem of getting from a transportation stop to your final destination.
C. The problem of buying bikes.
D. The problem of finding a parking lot.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"last mile problem"。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到解释："This means they are a good way to get from your home to the bus stop or from the subway station to your office."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是对原文举例的准确概括。
【答案】B
3.Why are shared bikes good for the environment
A. Because they are very cheap.
B. Because they don't use petrol.
C. Because they are very fast.
D. Because they are everywhere.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"good for the environment"（对环境有益）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段最后找到："They are also good for the environment because they don't use petrol."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
4.What is a problem with shared bikes
A. They are too slow.
B. They are sometimes parked in wrong places.
C. They are too expensive.
D. They are not convenient.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"problem"（问题）。注意第三段开头的信号词"However"。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第三段找到问题描述："Sometimes people park the bikes in the wrong places, which blocks the way."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的同义转述。
【答案】B
5.What should everyone do
A. Never use shared bikes.
B. Use shared bikes in a right way.
C. Take the bikes home.
D. Break the bikes.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"what should everyone do"（大家应该怎么做）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在文章最后一句找到建议："Everyone should use shared bikes in a right way to make our cities better."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
Passage 6 (职业规划：未来的技能)
1.Why do we need to prepare for future jobs
A. Because the world is changing fast.
B. Because all jobs will disappear.
C. Because we don't need to work.
D. Because machines will do everything.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"why... prepare for future jobs"（为什么为未来工作做准备）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章开头明确说明："The world is changing fast. Many jobs today may disappear in the future, and new jobs will appear."
第三步：选项比对。 选项A "the world is changing fast"是原文给出的核心原因。
【答案】A
2.Which skill is mentioned as very important for the future
A. How to stop learning.
B. Creativity.
C. How to use a typewriter.
D. How to avoid technology.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"skill... important for the future"（对未来重要的技能）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到列举的技能："Second, creativity is a key skill."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文明确提到的关键技能。
【答案】B
3.Why is creativity important
A. Because machines are more creative.
B. Because we need to think of new ideas.
C. Because it makes us tired.
D. Because it is not useful.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"why creativity important"（为什么创造力重要）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在解释创造力的句子中找到："We need to think of new ideas and solve problems in new ways."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文"think of new ideas"的同义转述。
【答案】B
4.What does "emotional intelligence" help us do
A. It helps us run faster.
B. It helps us understand ourselves and others.
C. It helps us make more money.
D. It helps us use computers.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"emotional intelligence"（情商）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在文章最后找到："It helps us understand ourselves and others better."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
5.What is the main idea of the passage
A. We don't need any new skills.
B. We should learn some important skills for the future.
C. Only technology skills are important.
D. Communication is not necessary.
【解析】
第一步：识别题型。 本题为主旨大意题。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章开头提出问题"What skills should we learn to prepare for the future "，全文都在回答这个问题，列举了多项需要学习的重要技能。
第三步：选项比对。
B 准确概括了文章的核心目的。
A、C、D 均与文章内容完全相反。
【答案】B
Passage 7 (心理健康：管理情绪)
1.What is the main idea of the passage
A. We should only be happy.
B. Learning to manage emotions is good for mental health.
C. Feelings are not important.
D. We should never talk about our feelings.
【解析】
第一步：识别题型。 本题为主旨大意题。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章首段最后一句点明主旨："Learning to manage our emotions is good for our mental health." 全文围绕如何管理情绪展开。
第三步：选项比对。
B 是文章主题句的直接复现。
A、C、D 均与文章建议完全相反。
【答案】B
2.What is the first step to manage emotions
A. Ignore them.
B. Know what you are feeling.
C. Eat a lot of food.
D. Go to sleep.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"first step"（第一步）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到步骤："First, we need to know what we are feeling."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
3.Who can you talk to when you have strong feelings
A. A stranger.
B. Someone you trust.
C. No one.
D. Only your pet.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"talk to"（和谁交谈）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到："...talk to someone you trust, like a parent, teacher, or friend."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的概括和直接匹配。
【答案】B
4.Which activity is mentioned as helpful for relaxing
A. Playing video games for a long time.
B. Listening to music.
C. Fighting with others.
D. Eating junk food.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"activity... helpful for relaxing"（有助放松的活动）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到："Doing sports, listening to music, or drawing can also help you feel better. These activities can help you relax."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B "Listening to music"是原文明确提到的活动之一。
【答案】B
5.What should you do if you feel very sad for a long time
A. Hide it from everyone.
B. Ask a professional for help.
C. Think it's not important.
D. Be angry with your friends.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"feel very sad for a long time"（长时间感到悲伤）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在文章最后找到建议："If you feel very sad for a long time... don't be afraid to ask a professional for help."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的同义转述。
【答案】B
Passage 8 (国际理解：文化交流)
1.What makes it easier to learn about different cultures today
A. The development of the Internet.
B. The decrease of schools.
C. The end of travel.
D. The loss of languages.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"easier to learn about different cultures"（更容易了解不同文化）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章首句说明："With the development of the Internet, it is easier than ever to learn about different cultures."
第三步：选项比对。 选项A是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】A
2.What are some foreigners interested in according to the passage
A. Only Chinese food.
B. Chinese culture like language and kung fu.
C. Making money in China.
D. Only Chinese movies.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"foreigners interested in"（外国人对什么感兴趣）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到："They learn Chinese, practice kung fu, or enjoy Chinese food."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B概括了原文提到的"language (learn Chinese)"和"kung fu"。
【答案】B
3.What can cultural exchange help to make the world
A. More connected and peaceful.
B. More boring.
C. More difficult.
D. More expensive.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"cultural exchange help to make the world"（文化交流有助于让世界变得...）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段最后找到："This kind of exchange can make the world more connected and peaceful."
第三步：选项比对。 选项A是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】A
4.What is the most important thing when we learn about a new culture
A. To laugh at it.
B. To think our culture is better.
C. To respect it.
D. To forget our own culture.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"most important thing"（最重要的事）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第三段找到明确结论："Respect is the key to successful cultural exchange."
第三步：选项比对。 选项C是原文核心观点"Respect"的同义转述。
【答案】C
5.What should we understand about people from different backgrounds
A. They are all the same.
B. They may have different values.
C. They all think in the same way.
D. They don't like their own culture.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"understand about people from different backgrounds"（理解来自不同背景的人）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第三段找到："We need to understand that people from different backgrounds may have different values and ways of life."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文"may have different values"的直接复现。
【答案】B
Passage 9 (安全教育：网络安全)
1.What is the main topic of the passage
A. How to play online games.
B. How to stay safe online.
C. How to buy things online.
D. How to make more friends online.
【解析】
第一步：识别题型。 本题为主旨大意题。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章首段提出网络危险，并引出主题："We need to learn how to stay safe online." 全文围绕这个主题给出具体建议。
第三步：选项比对。
B 准确概括了文章核心话题。
A、C、D 均为具体细节或无关信息，不能概括主旨。
【答案】B
2.What should you NOT tell strangers online
A. Your favorite color.
B. Your favorite movie.
C. Your personal information like your name and address.
D. Your hobbies.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"NOT tell strangers"（不要告诉陌生人什么）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到："Don't tell strangers your real name, address, phone number, or password." 这些都是"personal information"。
第三步：选项比对。 选项C "personal information"是原文列举信息的准确概括。
【答案】C
3.What should you do if someone online makes you feel uncomfortable
A. Keep it a secret.
B. Tell your parents or a teacher.
C. Meet them in person.
D. Send them more information.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"if someone... makes you feel uncomfortable"（如果某人让你不舒服）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段最后找到："...if someone makes you feel uncomfortable, tell your parents or a teacher immediately."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
4.Why is it not good to spend too much time online
A. Because it is good for your health.
B. Because it is not good for your health.
C. Because it saves money.
D. Because it makes you smarter.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"not good to spend too much time online"（花太多时间上网不好）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在最后一段找到："Remember, spending too much time online is not good for your health."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
5.What does "screen-free time" mean
A. Time for using the computer.
B. Time for watching TV.
C. Time without using phones, computers, or TVs.
D. Time for playing video games.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"screen-free time"，需要根据上下文猜测词义。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在文章最后找到解释："...to do other activities, like reading books or playing outside." 这些活动都是不使用电子屏幕的。
第三步：选项比对。 选项C "不使用手机、电脑或电视的时间"准确解释了"screen-free"的含义。
【答案】C
Passage 10 (榜样力量：平凡英雄)
1.Who are real-life heroes according to the passage
A. Only people in movies.
B. Ordinary people who do great things.
C. Only famous people.
D. Only doctors and teachers.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"real-life heroes"（现实生活中的英雄）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章开头明确说明："But in real life, heroes are often ordinary people who do great things."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文定义的直接复现。
【答案】B
2.Which example of a hero is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. A doctor.
B. A teacher.
C. A cleaner.
D. A movie star.
【解析】
第一步：识别题型。 本题为细节判断题，需要找出未提及的选项。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到提到的英雄例子："A hero can be a doctor... A hero can be a teacher... A hero can also be a cleaner... many delivery drivers were heroes."
第三步：选项比对。
A、B、C 原文均已提及。
D (A movie star) 原文未提及。
【答案】D
3.What did delivery drivers do during the COVID-19 pandemic
A. They stayed at home.
B. They delivered food and medicine.
C. They made movies.
D. They became doctors.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"delivery drivers"和"COVID-19 pandemic"。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在第二段找到："They delivered food and medicine to people who had to stay at home."
第三步：选项比对。 选项B是原文信息的直接复现。
【答案】B
4.What do we need to be a hero
A. Superpowers.
B. A lot of money.
C. We don't need superpowers.
D. To be famous.
【解析】
第一步：定位关键词。 关键词是"what do we need to be a hero"（成为英雄需要什么）。
第二步：原文寻踪。 在最后一段找到："We don't need to have superpowers to be a hero."
第三步：选项比对。 选项C是原文信息的直接复现和概括。
【答案】C
5.What is the main message of the passage
A. Only some people can be heroes.
B. Everyone can be a hero in their own way.
C. Heroes must be strong.
D. We should only help our friends.
【解析】
第一步：识别题型。 本题为主旨大意题。
第二步：原文寻踪。 文章结尾点明中心思想："Everyone can be a hero in their own way."
第三步：选项比对。
B 是文章结尾点明的主旨，也是全文的核心信息。
A、C、D 均与文章的核心观点相悖。
【答案】B
初三上册英语阅读理解（中考大纲适配版）全文翻译
Passage 1 (健康生活：均衡饮食)
均衡饮食对我们的健康非常重要。它帮助我们的身体成长并保持强壮。那么，什么是均衡饮食呢？它意味着要吃来自所有食物类别的不同种类的食物。
我们应该吃大量的水果和蔬菜，因为它们富含维生素。我们还需要吃足够的碳水化合物，如米饭和面包，来给我们提供能量。来自肉、鱼和豆类的蛋白质对我们的肌肉很重要。不要忘记乳制品，比如牛奶，它对强健骨骼和牙齿有好处。当然，我们有时可以享受一些甜食或油腻的食物，但不要太多。
记住，喝足够的水也是健康饮食的一部分。尽量少喝含糖饮料。均衡饮食和定期锻炼是健康生活的关键。
Passage 2 (科学技术：5G时代)
5G是第五代移动网络技术。它比4G快得多。有了5G，你可以在几秒钟内下载一部电影。但5G不仅仅是速度快。
它将在许多方面改变我们的生活。例如，它将使自动驾驶汽车更安全，因为它们可以毫无延迟地相互通信。不同城市的医生甚至可以在5G的帮助下一起在线进行手术。此外，更多的智能家居设备将被连接起来，使我们的生活更加便利。
然而，建设5G网络需要许多新基站，这需要花费大量资金。有些人也担心它是否对我们的健康安全。科学家们仍在研究这个问题。
Passage 3 (传统文化：中国书法)
中国书法是一种书写汉字的传统艺术形式。它是中国文化的重要组成部分。人们需要毛笔、墨和纸来进行书法创作。
学习书法并不容易。它需要耐心和练习。当你练习书法时，你需要坐直并正确握笔。一个字的每一笔都很重要。好的书法不仅仅是写字；它也是一种表达情感和展现美的方式。
今天，许多中国人仍然喜爱这门艺术。一些父母送他们的孩子放学后去上书法课。他们认为这可以帮助孩子变得更有耐心和更专注。这也是学习中国文化的一个好方法。
Passage 4 (环境保护：清洁能源)
像煤和石油这样的化石燃料如今被广泛使用。但是燃烧它们会导致空气污染和气候变化。清洁能源是对我们星球更好的选择。
清洁能源来自自然的来源，如太阳、风和水。太阳能利用阳光来发电。风能利用风来转动叫做涡轮机的大风扇。水能，或称水力发电，利用流动的水来产生电力。这些制造能源的方式不会污染空气。
许多国家现在正在发展清洁能源。在中国，你可以看到许多太阳能电池板和风力发电场。使用清洁能源可以帮助我们拥有更清洁的空气和更健康的星球。每个人都可以通过在家和学校节约用电来提供帮助。
Passage 5 (社会现象：共享单车)
共享单车在许多中国城市非常流行。它们通常是黄色、蓝色或绿色的。你几乎到处都能找到它们。要使用共享单车，你只需要一部智能手机。你扫描单车上的二维码，然后就可以骑行了。对于短途出行来说非常方便。
共享单车帮助人们解决"最后一公里"问题。这意味着它们是从家到公交站或从地铁站到办公室的好方式。它们对环境也有好处，因为它们不使用汽油。
然而，也存在一些问题。有时人们把单车停在不该停的地方，这堵塞了道路。而且很多单车都坏了。每个人都应该以正确的方式使用共享单车，让我们的城市更美好。
Passage 6 (职业规划：未来的技能)
世界正在快速变化。今天的许多工作在未来可能会消失，新的工作将会出现。那么，我们应该学习什么技能来为未来做准备呢？
首先，学习如何学习是非常重要的。我们需要一生不断学习新事物。其次，创造力是一项关键技能。机器可以做很多事情，但它们不如人类有创造力。我们需要想出新的想法，用新的方法解决问题。第三，我们需要良好的沟通技巧。我们必须知道如何与他人良好合作，并清晰地表达我们的想法。
除此之外，能够使用技术是必须的。我们不一定都需要成为计算机程序员，但我们应该知道如何使用基本的数字工具。最后，不要忘记情商。它帮助我们更好地理解自己和他人。
Passage 7 (心理健康：管理情绪)
有不同的感受，比如快乐、愤怒或悲伤，是正常的。但有时，强烈的情绪可能难以处理。学习管理情绪对我们的心理健康有益。
首先，我们需要知道我们感受到的是什么。给你的情绪起个名字。你是生气，还是只是担心？然后，与你信任的人交谈会很有帮助，比如父母、老师或朋友。他们可以给你支持和建议。做运动、听音乐或画画也能让你感觉更好。这些活动可以帮助你放松。
记住，有时感到悲伤或愤怒是可以的。但我们不应该让这些情绪控制我们太久。如果你长时间感到非常悲伤，并且影响了你的日常生活，不要害怕向专业人士寻求帮助。
Passage 8 (国际理解：文化交流)
随着互联网的发展，了解不同的文化比以往任何时候都更容易。文化交流有助于来自不同国家的人们更好地相互理解。
例如，许多外国人对中国文化感兴趣。他们学习中文、练习功夫或享用中国食物。与此同时，许多中国人也在了解西方文化。他们庆祝圣诞节、看好莱坞电影、吃西餐。这种交流可以使世界更加紧密相连、更加和平。
然而，当我们了解一种新文化时，我们应该尊重它。我们需要理解，来自不同背景的人可能有不同的价值观和生活方式。我们不应该认为自己的文化比别人的更好。尊重是成功进行文化交流的关键。
Passage 9 (安全教育：网络安全)
互联网给我们带来很多乐趣和有用的信息。但它也有一些危险。我们需要学习如何保持在线安全。
首先，我们必须保护我们的个人信息。不要告诉陌生人你的真实姓名、地址、电话号码或密码。其次，在网上交朋友时要小心。不是每个网上的人都是他们自称的那个人。只与你现实生活中认识的人交谈会更安全。第三，如果你在网上看到奇怪或不好的内容，或者如果有人让你感到不舒服，请立即告诉你的父母或老师。
记住，花太多时间上网对你的健康没有好处。每天留出一些不使用电子屏幕的时间来做其他活动很重要，比如看书或户外玩耍。
Passage 10 (榜样力量：平凡英雄)
我们经常在电影中看到英雄。但在现实生活中，英雄往往是做了不起的事情的普通人。他们就在我们身边。
英雄可以是日夜工作拯救生命的医生。英雄可以是关心学生并帮助他们成长的老师。英雄也可以是保持我们城市清洁美丽的清洁工。在COVID-19疫情期间，许多外卖骑手也是英雄。他们为不得不待在家里的人们送去食物和药品。他们帮助人们度过了困难时期。
我们不需要有超能力才能成为英雄。一句善意的话、一次援助之手，或者做好本职工作，都能带来改变。每个人都可以以自己的方式成为英雄。
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