Unit3 Conservation 单词用法清单素材-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版(2019)选择性必修第一册

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Unit3 Conservation 单词用法清单素材-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版(2019)选择性必修第一册

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北师大版 选必一U3 Conservation单词用法汇总
Topic talk
conservation (n.) 保护 → conserve (v.) 保护,保存;节省节约 (n.)蜜饯,果脯
destroy (v.) 破坏 → destruction (n.) 破坏 → destructive (adj.)破坏性的
mining(n.) 采矿业 → mine (n.)矿井/(v.)开采 → miner (n.)矿工
recycle (v.) 再利用→ recycling (n.) 回收利用→recyclable (adj.) 可回收利用的→ unrecyclable (adj.) 不可回收的
informative (adj.) 有教育意义的;知识性强的→ inform (v.) 通知;告知
threat (n.) 威胁 → threaten (v.)威胁 → threatening (adj.) 有威胁性的 →threatened (adj.) 受到威胁的
illegally (adv.) 违法地 → legal (adj.) 合法的
extinct (adj.) 灭绝的 → extinction (n.)灭绝
urgent (adj.) 紧急的 → urgency (n.) 急迫;紧急情况 → urge (v.) 力劝;敦促 (n.)强烈的欲望;冲动
Lesson1
unusual adj.异常的;不平常的 → usual adj.寻常的,惯常的 → usually adv.通常地,一般地
2.varied adj.各种各样的,形形色色的 → vary v.变化→ various adj.各种各样的 → variety n.种类
3.affect vt.影响→effect n.影响→effective adj.有效的;全效的 → effectively adv.有效地
4.endangered adj.濒危的→ endanger v.使面临危险;危害 → danger n.危险→ dangerous adj.危险的
Lesson 2
consume v.消费,消耗 → consumer n.消费者 → consumption n.消费,消耗
innovative adj.创新的,新颖的 → innovate v.创新,革新→ innovation n.创新,革新
aware adj.意识到的,明白的 → awareness n.意识,认知 → unaware adj.没意识的
anxious adj.焦虑地,不安的 → anxiety n. 忧虑,担心 / za ti/
5. packaging n. 包装材料 → package v. 包装;n. 包裹 → pack v. 打包,装箱(词根动词)
6. wasteful adj. 浪费的 → waste v. 浪费;n. 浪费;垃圾
7. wrap v. 包,裹 → unwrap v. 打开 → wrapped adj. 被包裹的
8. transportation n. 运输,交通运输系统 → transport v. 运输;n. 运输
9. dirt n. 污垢,泥土 → dirty adj. 脏的,污秽的
10. realistic adj. 现实的,逼真的 → realize v. 意识到,实现 → reality n.现实,实际→ real adj.真的,真实的
11. refillable adj. 可再填充的 → refill v. 再填充,重新装满 → fill v. 填充
12. collection n. 收集,收藏品;专辑 → collect v. 收集,采集;筹集
Lesson 3
destruction n. 破坏,毁坏 → destroy v. 破坏,毁坏 → destructive adj. 破坏性的
annoyed adj. 烦恼的,生气的 → annoy v. 使烦恼,使生气 → annoyance n. 烦恼,气恼;
→ annoying adj. 令人烦恼的,令人生气的 (to one’s annoyance 让某人生气的是)
anger n. 愤怒;怒气 → angry adj. 愤怒的,生气的 → angrily adv. 愤怒地,生气地
relate vi. 相联系,有关联 → related adj. 有关联的 → relation n. 关系;亲属 → relationship n. 关系
→ relative n. 亲戚
suit vt. 适合;n. 套装 → suitable adj. 合适的,适宜的
stuck adj. 卡住的,无法移动的 → stick v. 卡住;粘贴;伸出(过去式 / 过去分词为 stuck)
stress n. 压力;强调 v. 强调;使承受压力 → stressed adj. 感到有压力的(修饰人)
→ stressful adj.紧张的(修饰物)
Writing-Reading Clubs
organic adj. 有机的,绿色的,不使用化肥的 → organ n. 器官;机关
involve vt. 包含,需要 → involvement n. 包含;参与,介入 → involved adj. 有关的;参与的,卷入的
opponent n. 反对者;对手,敌手 → oppose vt. 反对,角逐;阻碍 → opposed adj. 反对的;对抗的
cruel adj. 残忍的 → cruelty n.残忍,残酷
chemical adj. 化学的;n. 化学品 → chemistry n. 化学 → chemist n.化学家,药剂师
memorial n. 纪念馆,纪念碑;adj. 纪念的,追悼的 → memorize vt. 记住 → memory n.记忆
→ memorable adj. 值得纪念的,显著的
scenic adj. 景色优美的 → scenery n.景色,风景 → scene n.场面,情景;现场
historic adj. 古老的;历史上重要的 → history n.历史(学);来历 → historical adj.(有关)历史的;按历史顺序排列的
agricultural adj. 农业的,农艺的 → agriculture n. 农业,农艺;农业生产
sum v. 概括,总结;n. 金额,款项 → summarize v. 总结,概述 → summary n. 总结,概括,摘要
【Topic Talk】
threat n.威胁
固定搭配: a threat to … 对…的威胁
under threat (from…) 受到(来自…的)威胁
eg. Our planet has been under threat from pollution these years.
threaten v.威胁,恐吓,危及 threaten to do sth. 威胁做某事
threaten sb. with ... 用…威胁某人
urgent adj.紧急的,急迫的
an urgent call 紧急呼叫
in urgent need of … 急需.... eg. He was in urgent need of medical attention. 他急需医疗救助。
特殊用法:It is urgent that +主语+ (should) do… 急需…
eg. It is urgent that we (should) complete the assignment. 我们必须尽快完成这项任务。
[拓展] urge vt.催促;力劝 n.强烈的欲望 → urgency n.紧急; 紧急的事
urge sb to do sth 催促/力劝某人做某事
urge that + 主语 + (should) do sth 极力主张某人做某事
☆ have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事
switch vi. &vt. 转换,转变 n.转变,改变;开关
make a switch 做出改变 switch on/off 打开/关闭 switch to 转向....,转换到... switch over转换,转变
Eg: She made the switch from full-time to part-time. 她从全职工作改为兼职工作。
【Lesson 1】
1. die out 灭绝,消失
die off 相继死去 die from 死于(外因) die of 死于(内因)
die down 逐渐减弱或平息 (声音、火势、情绪等)
be dying for sth. 渴望某物 (dying adj.垂死的)
be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事
Eg: When the applause had died down, she began her speech. 掌声平息后她便开始演讲了。
2. mass (1) adj. 大批的,数量极多的,广泛的。[仅用于名词前]
mass production 批量生产
Eg: Their latest product is aimed at the mass market. 他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。
n. [C]堆,团,块;[C,usually sing.]大量,许多;[pl.]大量的东西
a mass of = masses of 大量的…; 一堆… ★
the masses 大众
Eg: A mass of books and papers are on his desk. 在他书桌上有一堆书和文件。
【注意】a mass of/masses of 后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词,当“a mass of/masses of+名词”作主语时,其谓语动词的形式以of 后名词所表达的意义而定。
Masses of customers are entering the supermarket. A mass of snow lies in the yard.
3. decrease n. [C,U]减少,降低 vi.&vt. (使大小、数量等)减少,减小,降低
[用法归纳] on the decrease 在减少
decrease by… 减少了……(表示减少的量)
decrease(from…)to... (从…)减少到…(表示减少后的量)
Eg: The demand for corn is on the decrease each year in this country.
[拓展] increase n./v.增长 (用法同decrease) increasing population 渐增的人口
☆ increasingly adv.越来越,不断增加地
blame (1) vt.责怪,指责,把……归咎于 blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事责备某人
blame sth. on sb./sth. 把 ...... 归咎于某人/某事
★ be to blame for (doing) sth. 某人因(做)某事应受责备;对(做)某事负有责任(不定式用主动形式表示被动意义)
Eg: Don’t blame him for breaking that vase; after all, he is only a child. 别怪他打碎了那个花瓶,他毕竟只是个孩子。
Officials believe that more than one person may be to blame for the fire.官员认为不止一个人应该对这场火灾负责。
(2) n. [U]责任,责备 take/bear the blame for sth. 承担某事的责任
lay/put the blame(for sth.)on... 把(某事的)责任归咎于
wipe out
彻底消灭,全部摧毁(eg: A volcanic eruption nearly wiped out the small island in 1997.)
使(人)疲惫不堪(eg: All that travelling has wiped her out.)
rate
n. 速度;比率;价格,费用
搭配:at a (n)...rate以...速度 heart rate心率 interest rate利率 birth/death rate出生率/死亡率
vt.& vi. 评价,评估;vt. 划分等级
例句:How do you rate him as a football player?(v.评价)
This school has been rated as excellent.(v.划分等级)
拓展短语:at any rate “无论如何” = at any cost
【Lesson 2】
be aware of + n. 意识到…… be aware that + 句子
be anxious to do sth.急切希望做某事,渴望做某事
be anxious for 渴望得到某物 = be dying for
be anxious about sth./sb. 担心….
innovative solution 创新的解决方案
takeaway food packaging 外卖食品包装
refillable containers 可填充容器
reusable shopping bags 可重复使用的购物袋
do away with 废除,去掉
sort our rubbish 将我们的垃圾分类
be committed to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
contribute to a better future for our planet 为地球的美好未来贡献力量
disposable chopsticks and paper plates 一次性筷子和纸盘子
set out to do sth. = set about doing sth. 开始着手做某事
【Lesson 3】
be bad for … 对…… 有害
make excuses 找借口
be addicted to sth; be addicted to doing sth 对(做)某事上瘾;
addict oneself to doing sth
ask sb for sth… 找某人要某物(如 ask sb for advice 找某人提建议;ask sb for help 找某人帮忙)
up to 多达 / 取决于 / 胜任 / 从事
so what? 那又怎样?
修饰比较级的常见词有:much、even、far、a lot 等
suit vt. 满足(某人)需要;n. 一套衣服,套装;
固定搭配:suit one’s need/taste 满足某人的需要 / 适合某人的口味;
suitable adj. 合适的 be suitable for 适合于;
pick up :
① 整理,收拾:Let's pick up the living room.
② 学到,获得:The children have picked up the local accent.
③ 收听:I could pick you up on the short wave radio.
④ 振作精神:Pick yourself up and brush yourself down.
⑤ 偶然结识:He picked up the girl at a college disco.
⑥ 捡起,拾起:I picked up the rubbish and threw it into the trash can.
⑦ 恢复 (健康):Once the snake picked up, it tried to bite me.
Writing-Reading Club
1. involve(vt. 包含,需要;涉及;使参与)
固定搭配: involve doing sth. 包括做某事
involve sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人参与 (做) 某事
be/get involved in/with 参与;卷入;投入
词语联想:involvement(n. 参与;卷入;牵连)
例句:Thanks to your involvement,we succeed in completing the project.
2. claim(v. 声称;主张;索取;赢得;夺去 (生命);认领;n. [C] 声称;主张;所有权;索赔)
教材例句:People who fight for animal rights claim that these animals suffer terrible stress.(为动物权益而战的人们声称这些动物承受着可怕的压力。)
例句:The car crash claimed three lives.(那次撞车事故导致三人死亡。)
固定搭配: claim to do/be... 声称做 / 是……
claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事
claim (that)...(宾语从句)声称……
It is/was claimed that... 有人主张……
词性与词义辨析:
A man went to the lost - and - found office to claim his lost backpack.(v. 认领)
The athlete worked hard and claimed the first prize in the race.(v. 赢得)
The report claims that warm water is good for health.(v. 声称;主张)
The flood last month claimed 20 lives.(v. 夺去 (生命))
Mr. Smith went to the insurance company to claim money for his broken car.(v. 索赔)
There is a claim that the old building is 200 years old.(n. 声称;主张)
Two families argued about the claim to a small piece of land.(n. 所有权)
Ms. Lee made a claim against the company for losing her job.(n. 索赔)
3. sum(vt. 概括;总结;n.[C] 全部;总和;总数)
固定搭配: a large sum of (money) 一大笔;大量的
sum up 概括,总结
同义短语(总之):
to sum up/to conclude/in conclusion/in summary/in short/in brief/in a word/in a nutshell(概括的说)
注意:to sum up 作独立成分,独立于句子之外,表示说话者态度、语气等,又称评论性状语。
常见独立成分不定式:
to tell you the truth 说实话
to be honest 诚实地说(= honestly speaking)
to be frank 坦诚地说(= frankly speaking)
to begin with 首先
to put it briefly 简言之
to be sure/exact 确切地说
4. memorial(adj. 纪念的;n.[C] 纪念物;纪念碑)
固定搭配: a memorial statue/prize 纪念雕像 / 奖
Monument to the People's Heroes 人民英雄纪念碑
put sth. into one's memory 记住(= memorise/memorize)
in memory of … 为了纪念…
have a good/poor memory (for...) (对…) 的记忆力很好 / 差
正反观点对比型议论文模板
第一段:引出话题
There is a widespread concern over the issue that ________________. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.
  
第二段:观点一
A majority of people think that _____________. (观点一) In their view there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: In the first place, ________________.(支持观点一的原因一)In the second place, ________________.(支持观点一的原因二)So it goes without saying that ________________.
 第三段:观点二
The other people, however, differ in their opinion on this matter. They hold the idea that ________________.(观点二)In their point of view, on the one hand, ________________ ; on the other hand, ________________.(支持观点二的原因)Therefore, there is no doubt that________________ .
第四段:自己的观点
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that ________________. It is not only because ________________, but also because______________ . The more______________ , the more________________ .
 

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