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选择性必修2 Unit5语篇1
MACQUARIE ISLAND: from Chaos to Conservation
麦夸里岛：从混乱到保护
I am standing on Macquarie Island,in the South-west Pacific Ocean,halfway between Australia and Antarctica.Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long,thin shape.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty.No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants,including royal penguins, king penguins,and elephant seals,existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
我正站在西南太平洋的麦夸里岛上，这里位于澳大利亚和南极洲之间的中点。强劲的海风和汹涌的海浪塑造了它狭长地貌。翠绿的草地与裸露的岩石形成鲜明对比，呈现出狂野而原始的自然之美。任何到访者都不会惊讶这座岛屿被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，也都能想象到包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的原住民，如何与这片自然栖息地完美共存了数千年。
But the island's more recent history tells a different story.It's a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island.In their ships they unknowingly brought rats and mice.These small animals quickly took over the island,eating the birds eggs and attacking baby birds.Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice. Unfortunately, the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds, too.
但这座岛屿的近代历史却讲述了一个截然不同的故事。这是一个始于1810年的悲剧，当时人类登上了这座岛屿。他们乘坐的船只无意中带来了鼠类。这些小型动物迅速占领全岛，啄食鸟蛋并袭击雏鸟。人们引入猫来控制鼠患，不幸的是，这些猫随后也发展出了对海鸟的捕食欲。
Meanwhile,rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans. Loose on the island,they did what rabbits do best-they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes,which caused soil erosion.The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats,meaning that the number of cats also increased.This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds.The end result was that parakeets,once large in number and native to the island,died out in 1891.
与此同时，人们将兔子引入该岛作为人类食物来源。这些兔子在岛上自由活动后，展现了它们最擅长的本领——快速繁殖，并开始啃食本土植被、挖掘洞穴，导致土壤侵蚀。激增的兔群为猫提供了充足食物，这意味着猫的数量也随之增加。这进而导致更多猫捕食鸟类。最终结果是：曾经数量庞大且作为该岛本土物种的鹦鹉，于1891年灭绝。
Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s,the rabbits remained out of control.Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island.With this goal in mind,a virus was released onto the island. But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000,it also meant less food for the cats.The cats in consequence turned their attention -and their stomachs-back to the native birds,killing up to 60,000 each year.In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used to catch the cats.The last Macquarie Island cat was caught in 2000.
即便麦夸里岛在20世纪70年代已成为正式自然保护区，兔子数量仍失控泛滥。专家认为必须制定计划彻底清除岛上的兔子。为实现这一目标，岛上投放了一种病毒。虽然该病毒使兔子数量从13万只锐减至约1万只，但同时也导致猫群食物短缺。这些猫随之将捕食目标——或者说它们的胃——重新转向本土鸟类，每年导致多达6万只鸟类死亡。到了20世纪80年代，人们开始使用陷阱和猎犬捕捉猫群。麦夸里岛上最后一只猫于2000年被捕获。
But as the saying goes,"While the cat's away,the mice will play."With the departure of the cats from the island,the mouse and rat population started to increase.And remember those 10,000 or so rabbits It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus,and their numbers exploded once again.Then,in 2006, the rabbits' digging caused some land to collapse,and killed a substantial number of penguins.This incident made it clear that the rat,mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
但俗话说，"猫儿不在，老鼠作怪"。随着猫群离开岛屿，鼠类数量开始激增。还记得那约一万只兔子吗？它们竟对病毒产生了免疫力，数量再度暴增。到了2006年，兔子打洞导致部分土地塌陷，造成大量企鹅死亡。这一事件清楚地表明：鼠患与兔灾必须彻底解决。
So,I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem.The first step involved poison being dropped from helicopters.The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species,and that's where I come in -with my dogs. They have been trained to find every last one,without harming the native animals.This intervention is a long,much-delayed ending to a sad story,but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
因此，我来到麦夸里岛参与解决这个棘手问题的项目。第一步是通过直升机投放毒饵。下一步则是清除最后残存的入侵物种——这正是我和我的搜救犬团队的工作。这些经过特殊训练的犬只能够找出每一个入侵者，同时确保不会伤害本土物种。这场生态干预行动虽然姗姗来迟，但终将为这个悲伤的故事画上句点。作为人类，我们有责任为这座岛屿书写圆满的结局。
Postscript:In 2014, Macquarie Island was declared pest-free and the island's ecology is finally on the road to recovery.
后记：2014年，麦夸里岛被宣布为无虫害岛屿，该岛的生态终于踏上复苏之路。
选择性必修2 Unit5语篇2
WHY SHENNONGJIA
为什么是神农架？
Good morning,everyone.It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of the Be at One with Nature Association.
大家早上好。我很荣幸能代表"天人合一协会"在此进行讲座。
As we know,in 2016,Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List.But there are so many important places not yet on this list.So you might ask: why Shennongjia Is it its forests that stretch on and on like great green seas Is it the legendary father of Chinese herbal medicine,Shennong,after whom the park is named Or is it the mysterious creature called“Yeren”(wild man)that has captured the imagination of the world
众所周知，2016年神农架成功入选联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。但世界上仍有众多重要遗址尚未被列入这份名录。人们不禁要问：为何是神农架？是因为它那如绿色海洋般绵延不绝的原始森林？还是源于传说中中华草药之父神农氏——这片保护区正是以他命名？抑或是因那个被称为"野人"的神秘生物，它曾激发全世界的无限遐想？
UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status because it meets two criteria required by the list.It contains a naturally-balanced environment that allows the many and various species to live and prosper.It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve.
联合国教科文组织授予神农架这一称号，是因为它符合名录要求的两项标准：该地区拥有自然平衡的生态环境，使众多物种得以繁衍生息；同时它也是全球罕见的、能让科学家实时观察动植物发育演化过程中生态与生物进程的观测地之一。
For the first criterion,Shennongjia is apparently one of the most "complete" natural areas in the world.The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3,000 metres above sea level,giving it the name the"Roof of Central China".The vast range in altitude results in a great variation in climatic conditions.This allows a wide variety of species to thrive.Some of the plants and animals have survived millions of years, and are regarded as living fossils.
就第一项标准而言，神农架显然是全球最"完整"的自然区域之一。该地区海拔从约400米攀升至3000多米，因而得名"华中屋脊"。巨大的海拔落差导致气候条件差异显著，使得大量物种得以繁衍生息。其中部分动植物已存活数百万年，被视为活化石。
For the second criterion,we can see that Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity. Look at this slide.According to official statistics,over 3,000 plant species have been recorded there.This represents more than ten per cent of China's total floral richness. Shennongjia supports more than 600 vertebrate species,including the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey and the Clouded Leopard.Additionally,around 4,300 insect species have been recorded.
就第二个标准而言，神农架展现出惊人的生物多样性。请看这张幻灯片——官方统计数据显示，该地区已记录超过3000种植物，占中国植物物种总数的10%以上。神农架还孕育着600多种脊椎动物，包括金丝猴与云豹，此外还记录到约4300种昆虫。
It is a challenge to look after so many species.In winter,scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey. Thanks to their efforts,the monkey's population has doubled since the 1980s.Their number reached over 1,300 in 2015 and continues to grow.
照料如此众多的物种是一项挑战。冬季里，科学家们冒着大雪和严寒为川金丝猴投喂食物。得益于他们的努力，该物种数量自20世纪80年代以来已翻倍增长——2015年种群数量突破1300只，目前仍在持续增加。
But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people,who take things from nature without causing damage.I visited a local village which is known for its home-made honey.What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee.Every spring,the villagers place beehives around their houses to attract these wild bees from the forest.Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species,the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries. By providing the bees with a secure home,the villagers collect their honey in return.This is just one of the ways in which people of Shennongjia live and work in harmony with nature.
但神农架最令人印象深刻的，是当地民众取之自然却秋毫无犯的生存智慧。我曾造访一个以土法蜂蜜闻名的小村落，这里蜂蜜的独特之处在于其生产者——中华蜜蜂这一中国最古老的蜂种。每年春季，村民们在房前屋后放置蜂箱，吸引森林中的野生蜂群前来筑巢。尽管外来物种入侵导致中华蜜蜂在中国其他地区濒临灭绝，神农架蜂群却与当地人和谐共处了数百年。村民为蜜蜂提供安全的家园，蜜蜂则以蜂蜜回馈人类。这不过是神农架人与自然共生共荣的万千缩影之一。
All of this explains why Shennongjia earned-and deserves-its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List,as well as highlighting how understanding,awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world.
这一切都解释了为何神农架能够赢得——且当之无愧地——在联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录中占有一席之地，同时也彰显了理解、意识与辛勤努力如何共同守护了我们自然世界中这片独特而瑰丽的瑰宝。
Thank you for listening.Now,does anyone have any questions
感谢各位的聆听。现在，有人要提问吗？
课标词汇序号 单元短语序号 超标词汇序号 单元 词汇及短语 音标 词义 常用搭配
1063 B5U5 dramatically /dr m tik li/ adv. 显著地 The cost of living has increased dramatically.生活费用已大幅增长了。
1064 B5U5 habitat / h bit t/ n. 栖息地 The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo forest.大熊猫的天然栖息地是竹林。
1065 B5U5 subsequently / s bsikw ntli/ adv. 后来，随后 The original interview notes were subsequently lost.采访记录原稿后来丢失了。
1066 B5U5 appetite / pitait/ n. 胃口，食欲 He has a healthy appetite.他有健康的胃口。Go for a walk. It'll give you an appetite.去散散步，你就有食欲了。
1067 B5U5 multiply / m ltiplai/ v. (使)大大增加，(使)倍增 These creatures can multiply quickly.这些生物能迅速大量繁殖。What do you get if you multiply six by nine 6乘以9得多少？
1068 B5U5 chaos / kei s/ n. 大混乱；紊乱 After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
1069 B5U5 conservation / k ns vei n/ n. 保护 Scientific research and conservation are intimately connected.科学研究与环境保护联系密切。water conservation节约用水，水源保护
1070 B5U5 virus / vai r s/ n. 病毒 There's a virus going around the office.办公室里流行着一种病毒性疾病。
1071 B5U5 decrease /di kri s/ v. (使)变小，(使)减少 It will sharply decrease work efficiency.这会大幅降低工作效率。
1072 B5U5 trap /tr p/ n. 夹子，陷阱 A trap was laid, with fresh bait.陷阱设置好，还投放了新诱饵。
1073 B5U5 departure /di pɑ t / n. 离开 His departure passed unnoticed.他神不知、鬼不觉地离开了。
1074 B5U5 explode /iks pl ud/ v. 突然增加 The bomb was primed, ready to explode.炸弹已准备好，可随时引爆。 Prices could explode in an unregulated market place. 一个不受监管的市场，价格可能会暴涨。
1075 B5U5 collapse /k l ps/ v. 倒塌；塌下 The bridge is liable to collapse at any moment.那座桥随时可能坍塌。
1076 B5U5 substantial /s b st n l/ adj. 大量的，多的 He made substantial donations to charity.他做了大量的慈善捐赠。He ate a substantial breakfast.他吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。
1077 B5U5 incident / insid nt/ n. 事件 When exactly did the incident occur 这一事件究竟是什么时候发生的？
1078 B5U5 intervention / int ven n/ n. 干预，介入 Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。
1079 B5U5 owe / u/ v. 应该做，对……负有……的义务 Add up all the money I owe you.把我欠你的钱全部加起来。I owe everything to him.我的一切都归功于他。owe... to应该把…归功于
1080 B5U5 ecology /i k l d i/ n. 生态 Development has been guided by a concern for the ecology of the area.关注本地区的生态状况一直是发展的指导原则。
1081 B5U5 nutrient / nju tri nt/ n. 养分, 营养物 Nutrient deficiency is not easy to cure.营养的缺乏并不容易治愈。The nutrient is quickly leached away.养分很快就被滤掉了。
1082 B5U5 comparison /k m p risn/ n. 比较 There is no comparison between the two.二者不能相比。in comparison with与…比较，同…比较起来
1083 B5U5 visual / v u l/ adj. 视觉的 The building makes a tremendous visual impact.这栋建筑物给人以极其深刻的视觉印象。
1084 B5U5 session / se n/ n. 一段时间;（议会等的）会议 It turned out to be a very interesting session with a lively debate.结果成了一次充满激烈辩论、非常有意思的会议。I think we've learned a lot about one another in this session.我认为这段时间我们相互有了很多了解。
1085 B5U5 criterion /krai ti ri n/ n. 标准，准则 The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。Practice is the sole criterion of truth.实践是检验真理的唯一标准。
1086 B5U5 rare /re / adj. 稀有的，罕见的 This species is extremely rare.这一物种极为罕见。
rare opportunity稀有机会，难得机会
1087 B5U5 biological / bai l d ik l/ adj. 生物的，与生物有关的 Darwin eventually put forward a model of biological evolution.达尔文最终提出了一套生物进化的理论模式。
1088 B5U5 apparently / pe r ntli/ adv. 据说，看来，似乎 He paused, apparently lost in thought.他停顿下来，显然陷入了沉思。The Korean ship was apparently undamaged.那艘韩国船只显然并未被破坏。adj. apparent
1089 B5U5 vast /vɑ st/ adj. 巨大的，广大的 She once ruled over a vast empire.她曾统治过一个幅员辽阔的帝国。
1090 B5U5 variation / ve ri ei n/ n. 差异，变化 This variation shows up in the trees growth rings.这种变化表现在树木的年轮中。adj. various
1091 B5U5 elsewhere / els we / adv. 在别处 Prices are higher here than elsewhere.这里的价格比其他地方高。
1092 B5U5 secure /si kju / adj. 稳固的；安全的 Double-check that the ladder is secure.再检查一下梯子是否安全。She felt secure and protected when she was with him.她和他在一起的时候感到很安全。
1093 B5U5 greeting / gri ti / n. 问候，招呼 Tom nodded a greeting.汤姆点头打了个招呼。His greeting was familiar and friendly.他的问候亲切而友好。
340 B5U5 halfway* / hɑ f wei/ adj. 中间的, 半途的 The car conked out halfway up the hill.汽车在上坡时半途抛锚了。
341 B5U5 heritage* / heritid / n. 遗产; 传统 They take great pride in their heritage.他们为自己的传统感到十分自豪。
342 B5U5 inhabitant* /in h bit nt/ n. 栖居的动物,居民 Princess was an inhabitant of the great Tenochtitlan.公主是一个大特诺奇居民。
343 B5U5 penguin* / pe gwin/ n. 企鹅 This animal is a penguin.这个动物是企鹅。
344 B5U5 rat* /r t/ n. 大老鼠 He held his breath as a rat scuttled past.见一只老鼠跑过，他屏住了呼吸。
345 B5U5 vegetation* / ved i tei n/ n. 植物，草木(总称) We fought our way through the dense vegetation.我们在茂密的植被中开出一条通路。
346 B5U5 erosion* /i r u n/ n. 侵蚀 Soil erosion was mitigated by the planting of trees.植树造林减轻了土壤侵蚀。
347 B5U5 parakeet* / p r ki t/ n. 长尾(小)鹦鹉 I had a pet turtle. My brother had a parakeet.我养过一只龟，弟弟养过一只长尾鹦鹉。
348 B5U5 immunity* /i mju niti/ n. 免疫力 The vaccine provides longer immunity against flu.这种疫苗对流感的免疫效力时间较长。
349 B5U5 postscript* / p usskript/ n. 附言 A brief, handwritten postscript lay beneath his signature.一段简短的手写体附言位于他的签名下方。
350 B5U5 pest* /pest/ n. 有害小动物；害虫 This is almost a pest-control service.这几乎是一项虫害防治服务。
351 B5U5 dissolve* /di z lv/ v. (使)溶解 Warm the sugar slightly first to make it dissolve quicker.首先把糖微微加热让它更快地溶化。
352 B5U5 worm* /w m/ n. 蠕虫; (昆虫的)幼虫 It is the early bird that catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
353 B5U5 herbal* / h b l/ adj. 用香(药)草制成的 Mom was a great believer in herbal medicines.妈妈是个深信草药的人。
354 B5U5 mysterious* /mis ti ri s/ adj. 神秘的 A mysterious young woman is living next door.一位神秘的年轻女子住在隔壁。
355 B5U5 status* / steit s/ n. 地位；身份 The party was denied legal status.那个党没有获得合法地位。
356 B5U5 prosper* / pr sp / v. 兴旺, 发达 His business continued to prosper.他的生意持续兴隆。
357 B5U5 altitude* / ltitju d/ n. 海拔(高度) We are flying at an altitude of 6 000 metres.我们的飞行高度是6 000米。
358 B5U5 thrive* /θraiv/ v. 茁壮成长 However, some birds thrive in noisy environments.然而，有些鸟会在嘈杂的环境中茁壮成长。
359 B5U5 fossil* / f sl/ n. 化石 Burning fossil fuels uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide.燃烧化石燃料消耗氧气并产生二氧化碳。
360 B5U5 floral* / fl r l/ adj. 花的 In this living room we've mixed glorious floral prints.在这客厅里我们将各种漂亮的花卉图案搭配在了一起。
361 B5U5 vertebrate* / v tibrit/ n. 脊椎动物 The vertebrate brain is the most complex example of a modular system.脊椎动物的大脑正是这样的复杂功能模块。
362 B5U5 beehive* / bi haiv/ n. 蜂房，蜂箱 The fuzzy bee buzzed the buzzy busy beehive.毛绒绒的蜜蜂在嗡嗡作响的忙碌的蜂箱里嗡嗡。
363 B5U5 endangered* /in deind d/ adj. 濒临灭绝的 Pandas are an endangered species.大熊猫是一种濒危物种。
364 B5U5 invasion* /in vei n/ n. 涌入 The army will do whatever it takes to defend the motherland against any invasion.军队将不惜一切代价保卫祖国不受任何侵略。
365 B5U5 coexist* / k uig zist/ v. 共存，共处 Different traditions coexist successfully side by side.不同的传统和谐地共存着。
331 B5U5 on behalf of 代表 On behalf of the department I would like to thank you all.我谨代表本部门感谢大家。

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