初中英语时间状语从句:not until、before、after 核心用法(贴合教材)

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初中英语时间状语从句:not until、before、after 核心用法(贴合教材)

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初中英语时间状语从句:not until、before、after 核心用法(贴合教材)
一、核心含义解析(配教材常见例句)
1. not until(直到…… 才)
核心:强调动作 “到某时间点才开始”,初中阶段仅需掌握陈述句用法(删除超纲倒装)
教材类例句:
① I didn't go to bed until I finished my homework.(人教版 Go for it! 八年级上册)
译文:我直到做完作业才睡觉。
② The bus didn't come until 7 o'clock this morning.
译文:公交车直到今早 7 点才来。
2. before(在…… 之前)
核心:仅描述 “主句动作在从句前”,不强调 “临界点”
教材类例句:
① We usually wash hands before we have meals.(贴合卫生主题单元)
译文:我们通常饭前洗手。
② She finished her homework before she watched TV.
译文:她看电视前先做完了作业。
3. after(在…… 之后)
核心:描述 “主句动作在从句后”,初中重点掌握 “主将从现” 时态
教材类例句:
① I will call you after I get home.(人教版 Go for it! 八年级下册 “主将从现” 考点)
译文:我到家后会给你打电话。
② He plays basketball after he finishes his homework every day.
译文:他每天做完作业后打篮球。
二、基础转换规则(仅保留初中要求)
1. not until 与 before 互换场景(限定 2 种基础情况)
条件 1:主句否定式 + 非延续性动词(如 open, start, come)
原句(before):The shop doesn't open before 9 a.m.
转换句(not until):The shop doesn't open until 9 a.m.
语义:超市上午 9 点前不开门→直到 9 点才开门(完全一致)
条件 2:主句过去时否定式 + 非延续性动词
原句(before):He didn't leave before his mother came.
转换句(not until):He didn't leave until his mother came.
语义:他妈妈来之前没走→直到妈妈来才走(完全一致)
2. 不可互换场景(初中必记 1 种)
当主句是肯定式 + 延续性动词(如 work, stay, wait),仅用 until
正确:My father works until 6 p.m. every day.(work 是延续性动词)
错误:My father works before 6 p.m. every day.(逻辑矛盾,“工作” 不能仅限定在 6 点前)
三、主句动词适配(初中核心考点)
连词 主句动词类型 教材例句
until 肯定式 + 延续性动词 We waited until the rain stopped.(wait 延续)
until 否定式 + 非延续性动词 The door won't open until you push it.(open 非延续)
before 肯定式 + 非延续性动词 She left before I said goodbye.(leave 非延续)
after 任意动词(需 “主将从现”) I will go shopping after I finish cleaning.(主将从现)
四、专项训练(精选 5 道,贴合教材单元)
He ______ go to school ______ he ate breakfast this morning.(对应七年级 “日常活动” 单元)
A. didn't; until B. doesn't; before C. didn't; after
解析:由 “this morning”(过去时)排除 B;“吃完早饭再上学” 用 after,选 C。
We ______ watch TV ______ we finish our homework every evening.(对应八年级 “规则” 单元)
A. will; until B. won't; until C. don't; after
解析:“每晚先做作业再看电视”,否定式用 until,选 B。
My mother ______ cook dinner ______ my father comes back.(对应 “主将从现” 考点)
A. will; after B. doesn't; before C. will; until
解析:“爸爸回来后妈妈才做饭”,“主将从现” 用 will+after,选 A。
They ______ stay in the park ______ it got dark yesterday.(对应延续性动词考点)
A. didn't; until B. stayed; until C. stayed; before
解析:“stay” 是延续性动词,“直到天黑还在公园” 用 stayed+until,选 B。
The party ______ start ______ all friends arrive next week.(对应 “将来时” 单元)
A. won't; until B. will; before C. doesn't; after
解析:“下周聚会等朋友到齐才开始”,“主将从现” 用 won't+until,选 A。

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