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关系代词引导的定语从句 高频考点梳理
专题练 2026届高考英语复习备考
一、单项选择
1．—The pen with ________ she is writing is Jeff’s.
—Yeah. Jeff is looking for the pen.
A．that B．whom C．which D．who
2．The result is not the same ______they had expected, ______was rather disappointing.
A．what, as B．as, that C．as, which D．that, which
3．Nowadays, lots of universities share teaching resources online, creating a learning space ______ benefits life-long learners.
A．which B．who C．where D．what
4．— What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies _________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A．what B．which C．who D．/
5．The orange farm ______ we will visit tomorrow morning also sells chocolates, available in a few varieties.
A．where B．when C．which D．whom
6．Football is a very popular sport, ________ many people like to compete.
A．at which B．for which C．in which D．with which
7．Internet is an important part of society now, ______ has even influenced our language.
A．as B．that C．which D．where
8．The digital age enables us to find people _________ share our interests more easily.
A．when B．who C．which D．where
9．People ____ worry about food are more likely to diet. This may be ____ they are worried about their weight, or about the impact certain nutrients have on their health.
A．who; because B．who; why C．which; what D．which; how
10．—Do you know ________ will direct the new movie
—Cohen, ________ short films won awards, was chosen to direct the movie.
A．whom; whose B．who; whose C．whose; who D．whom; who
11．After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ______ glass wall we saw lots of green plants.
A．what B．that C．whose D．which
12．After getting back to her hometown after graduation, Jenny finds it is no longer the village ______ it used to be.
A．that B．where
C．what D．how
13．I have sent her several letters, ________ she hasn’t replied so far, so I feel a little sad.
A．with which B．in which C．to which D．on which
14．The engineers made two big plans for the dam, ______ was never put in force.
A．one of them B．which
C．one of which D．every one of which
15．Our defeat, _______ some players blame themselves, was caused by bad luck.
A．for what B．for which C．to whom D．on which
16．Hate and anger are felt only for those ________ we care deeply.
A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom
17．Haiti was struck by a terrible earthquake in January, ______ effects the people are still suffering months later.
A．from which B．what C．where D．from whose
18．The number of smokers, ______ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
A．where B．which C．what D．as
二、语法填空
19．They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals. (用适当的词填空)
20．The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.（用适当的词填空）
21．When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. (用适当的词填空)
22．Anyone has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. （用适当的词填空）
23．The documents are available to the younger generation of communities from the materials were originally collected. （用适当的词填空）
24．The Digital World is a set of volumes aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. （用适当的词填空）
25．Like many undergraduate biology students, Wang Fang was taught that pandas are a prime example of an umbrella species—a well-known and usually endangered animal protection benefits an entire ecosystem. (用适当的词填空)
26．The simple truth is that singing makes you happy. It releases endorphins (内啡肽), a chemical reduces pain. (用适当的词填空)
27．Thanks to communication satellites, we can see television pictures transmitted（传送）across the globe, and we can communicate with our friends and business partners are far away from us. (用适当的词填空)
28．BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. （用适当的词填空）
29．Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. (用适当的词填空)
30．Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. (用适当的词填空)
31．This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. （用适当的词填空）
32．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. （用适当的词填空）
33．The city was attacked by such terrible weather few citizens had ever experienced before.(用适当的词填空)
34．The local medicine expert meeting was organized here on April 28 in most years of the Qing Dynasty, during all kinds of talented people performed, and the vocal music lasted for more than ten days, said Wang Jianping, an expert in literature and history of the county. (用适当的词填空)
35．The country’s highest honor is given to those have made great contributions to the development of the People’s Republic of China. (用适当的词填空)
36．Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark. (用适当的词填空)
37．We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills can be used for either good or bad purposes. (用适当的词填空)
38．His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. (用适当的词填空)
39．Campers sign up for the 2-week secret agent camp can get to know about the life of real secret agents by learning strategies and military skills on the paintball field. (用适当的词填空)
40．Exercise is something can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. (用适当的词填空)
41．Besides the familiar fish and shellfish, the oceans provide something else enters into our diets and daily lives, often without us knowing it. (用适当的词填空)
42．An elephant herd fascinated locals and other people around the world by making a 500-kilometer trip through southwestern China finally returned home. (用适当的词填空)
43．In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike. (用适当的词填空)
44．I decided that if I learned of a company used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. (用适当的词填空)
45．（2022年全国甲卷）On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.（用适当的词填空）
46．But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. (用适当的词填空)
47．The Glasshouse stands a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the (rich) of gardening in England. (用适当的词填空)(所给词的适当形式填空)
48． the forecast predicted, the weather was horrible for the whole weekend. (用适当的词填空)
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C C A B C C C B A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
答案 C A C C B C D D
1．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——她正在用的那支笔是杰夫的。——是的。杰夫正在找那支笔。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词pen是物，作with的宾语。因此空格处是which，故选C。
2．C
【详解】考查介词和定语从句。句意：结果和他们预期的不一样，这是相当令人失望的。the same as是固定短语，意为“与……一样”，因此第一空用as；第二空引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此第二空用which引导定语从句，故选C。
3．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如今，许多大学在网上共享教学资源，创造了一个有利于终身学习者的学习空间。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是space，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故选A。
4．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。本空引导定语从句，先行词是the movies，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，且不能省略。故选B。
5．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们明天上午将参观的橘子农场也出售巧克力，有几种不同的品种。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The orange farm，先行词指物，在从句中作visit的宾语，应用关系代词which或that作引导词。故选C。
6．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：足球是一项非常受欢迎的运动，许多人喜欢参加这项比赛。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为sport，结合compete的搭配“compete in+比赛”可知，此处先行词作介词in的宾语，in提到前面，其后搭配which。故选C项。
7．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：互联网是当今社会的重要组成部分，它甚至影响了我们的语言。A. as正如；B. that那；C. which哪一个；D. where哪里。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Internet，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故选C项。
8．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：数字时代使我们更容易找到与我们有共同兴趣的人。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该从句。故选B项。
9．A
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：担心食物的人更有可能节食。这可能是因为他们担心自己的体重，或者担心某些营养素对健康的影响。分析句子可知，第一空考查定语从句，先行词People，为人，在从句中作主语，所以可用关系代词who；第二空考查表语从句，且由句意可知，they are worried about their weight为节食的原因，所以应用because连接。故选A项。
10．B
【详解】考查宾语从句，定语从句。句意：——你知道谁将导演这部新电影吗 ——科恩的短片曾获奖，他被选为这部电影的导演。分析第一句中位于动词know之后，因此需要填入，所以需要填入宾语从句的引导词，此处 指的是“导演电影”，所以是指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用who。第二空为定语从句的关系词，且在从句中作定语，所以用whose。故选B。
11．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：开车十小时后，我们来到了一所温室，透过它的玻璃墙我们看到了许多绿色的植物。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词是house，关与空格后的glass wall是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose，故选C。
12．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕业回到家乡后，珍妮发现它不再是以前的那个村庄了。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，village是先行词，从句中缺少表语，因此使用关系代词that引导定语从句，故选A项。
13．C
【详解】考查“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：我给她写了好几封信，她到现在还没有回信，所以我有点难过。分析句子可知，此处为“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句，其中replied to letters是固定短语，意为“回信”，故将介词to放在which前，先行词letters在从句作replied to的宾语。故选C项。
14．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：工程师们为大坝制定了两个大计划，其中一个从未付诸实施。分析句子可知，句中无连词，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，排除A项，先行词是“plans”，从句中的“was”表明从句主语表示单数意义，排除B项，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用one of which引导，every用于三者及三者以上，排除D项。故选C。
15．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们的失败是运气不好造成的，一些球员为此自责。分析句子可知，这里考查blame sb for sth表“为某事责怪某人”，为固定搭配，且这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为Our defeat，作介词for后面宾语，所以应用关系代词which。故选B项。
16．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：憎恨和愤怒只会发生在我们深切关心的人身上。care for“关心”。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作for的宾语，应用介词for+whom引导。故选C。
17．D
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：海地在1月份遭受了一场可怕的地震，几个月后，海地人民仍在遭受地震的影响。此处为介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，由句意及空后effects the people are still suffering months later可知从句缺少定语，应用关系代词whose，表示所属关系，作定语，修饰名词effects，suffer from...(忍受，遭受，患……病，受……之苦），将介词from提前，故选D项。
18．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如报道的那样，烟民的数量已经在一年内减少了17%。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，且要表达“正如”之意，应用as引导。故选D。
19．who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们被主人训练得很好，主人对照顾这些动物很有经验。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词masters是人，因此空格处用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
20．that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国农业部发现，从2005年到2011年，政府开始了一项土壤测试项目，向农民提供专用肥推荐，化肥使用量下降了770万吨。定语从句修饰先行词program，根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子，指物用that/which。故填that/which。
21．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新的经历与旧的记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，修饰先行词everything，是不定代词，关系代词只用that不用which，故填that。
22．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：任何得到过社工帮助的人都要感谢简·亚当斯。此处是定语从句，先行词为Anyone，指人，作定语从句的主语，常用关系代词who引导。故填who。
23．whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些材料向社区的年轻一代开放，这些材料就是从他们那里收集来的。先行词为the younger generations of communities，指人，作from的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
24．that/which
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：《数字世界》是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会的系列丛书，帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其许多相互作用的部分。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词引导，现行词是volumes，指物，可以用that或which引导。故填that或者which。
25．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：和许多生物学专业的本科生一样，王芳被告知大熊猫是伞类物种的典型代表——一种众所周知的濒危动物，保护它们有利于整个生态系统。空处引导定语从句，先行词animal，在从句中作主语的定语，故用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。
26．which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：简单的事实是，唱歌会让你快乐。它会释放内啡肽，一种减轻疼痛的化学物质。分析句子可知，空处及其后的内容为定语从句，先行词为“a chemical”，在从句中作主语，所以空处用关系代词which或者that引导。故填which或者that。
27．who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于通信卫星，我们可以看到电视画面在全球范围内传播，我们可以与我们的朋友和商业伙伴在很远的地方沟通。定语从句修饰先行词our friends and business partners指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
28．that/which
【详解】考查定语从句/关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处缺少引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语的关系代词，而先行词tool为物，故此处填关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
29．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。空处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，指人，用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
30．as
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。分析句式结构可知，引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。
31．which
【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：这款智能键盘精确地测量打字的节奏和手指施加在每个键上的压力。表示“用”某种节奏应用介词with；空处引导定语从句，先行词是cadence，代替先行词作介词with的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
32．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：GPNP旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。分析句子结构，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词species，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，且先行词前有all修饰，只能用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
33．as
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座城市遭受了极少市民经历过的恶劣天气的袭击。分析句子可知，“few citizens had ever experienced before”是定语从句，修饰先行词terrible weather，又因先行词前有副词such修饰，只能用特殊关系代词as引导该定语从句。故填as。
34．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据该县文史专家王建平说，根据碑文，在寺庙建成后，清代大多数年的四月二十八日都在这里组织了当地的医学专家会议，在此期间，各种人才表演，声乐持续了十多天。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，根据空白处前面的介词during可知本句使用了“介词+关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the local medicine expert meeting，指物，应使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
35．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：国家的最高荣誉授予了那些为中华人民共和国的发展做出巨大贡献的人。空处引导定语从句，先行词those指人，从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词who，故填 who。
36．which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：制服可能会以意想不到的方式发挥作用。爱尔兰的一所学校推出了一种有趣的新制服。在夹克的边缘，有一块布在黑暗中会发光。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词，先行词是a piece of cloth，指物，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which或that。
37．that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们更喜欢将情商描述为一系列既可从善也可为恶的特定技巧。设空处引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词为skills（指物），其前无特殊修饰词，使用that或which引导。故填that/which。
38．which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：小男孩的爸爸经常用下载了彩色图片的平板电脑逗他笑，一戳这些图片它们就会活灵活现的。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词tablet computer指物，所以此处使用关系代词which或者that。故填which/that。
39．who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：报名参加为期两周的特工营的学员能够通过在彩弹场学习策略和军事技巧来了解真正的特工生活。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句, 且在从句中作主语，先行词Campers指人，所以使用关系代词who或that。 故填who/that
40．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：运动有助于让你看起来状态很好、感觉很好、身体健康。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导限制性定语从句， 先行词是不定代词something，指物，在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。故填that。
41．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了我们熟悉的鱼类和贝类，海洋还提供了其他进入我们饮食和日常生活的东西，而我们往往对此一无所知。分析句子可知，此处表示“进入我们的饮食和日常生活的其它东西”。设空处在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词，且先行词为something else，只能用关系代词 that。故填that。
42．that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一群大象在中国西南部进行了500千米的旅行，吸引了当地人和其他世界各地的人，最终回到了家乡。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，设空处在定语从句中作主语, 需用关系代词，先行词An elephant herd指物，所以使用关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。
43．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
44．which/that
【详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构，“ ________ used a lot of plastic”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该限制性定语从句。故填which或that。
45．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这1100公里的旅程中，这位在8岁时因车祸而失明的男子曹胜康穿越了三个省的40个城市和县城。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
46．which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。空处为限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词为a place，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
47． as which/that richness
【详解】1.考查介词。句意： Glasshouse是当代设计中的一项伟大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到这里，定义了英国丰富的园艺。分析句子可知，这里考查stand as表“作为……存在”，为固定搭配。故填as。
2.考查定语从句。句意： Glasshouse是当代设计中的一项伟大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到这里，定义了英国丰富的园艺。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Silk Route，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which或者that。
3.考查名词。句意： Glasshouse是当代设计中的一项伟大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到这里，定义了英国丰富的园艺。冠词the后面应填名词，richness表“丰富”，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语，符合句意。故填richness。
48．As
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如天气预报所预测的那样，整个周末天气都很糟糕。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填入关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，即as，空格位于句首，故填As。
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