资源简介

强化训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
This is my fourth mission to space, my second to the International Space Station (ISS), and I've been here for three weeks now. I'm getting better at knowing where I am when I first wake up.
My bedroom is just big enough for me and my sleeping bag, two laptops, some clothes, photos of my wife and daughters, a few books. Getting dressed is a little bit difficult when I can't “sit” or “stand”， but I've gotten used to it. The most challenging thing is putting on my socks. It's not a challenge to figure out what to wear, since I wear the same thing every day. However, without gravity to help me bend over, it is very difficult to pull my legs up to my chest.
At present, we have three Americans living at the station: Samantha, Terry and me. Samantha is one of the few women to have served as a fighter pilot in the Italian Air Force, and she is competent in everything technical. She is also friendly and quick to laugh. She is especially gifted for language. She has native level fluency in English and Russian (the two official languages of the ISS) as well as French, German, and her native Italian. She is also working on learning Chinese.
For some people who hope to fly in space, language can be a challenge. We all have to be able to speak a second language (I've been studying Russian for years), but the European and Japanese astronauts have the added burden of learning two languages if they don't already speak English or Russian.
Terry was a test pilot before joining NASA.He has all the positive qualities of a leader—optimism, enthusiasm, friendliness—and none of the negative ones. I've found him to be consistently competent, and I appreciate that as a leader he is a consensus builder rather than a bossy commander. Since I've been up here, he has always been respectful of my previous experience, always open to suggestions about how to do things better rather than getting defensive or competitive.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国际空间站的工作及起居情况。
1．Why does the author find it challenging to put on his socks at the ISS
A．He has too many choices.
B．It is uneasy to pull his legs up.
C．The bedroom is too small.
D．He can't find a chair to sit on.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段“However, without gravity to help me bend over, it is very difficult to pull my legs up to my chest.(然而，没有重力帮助我弯腰，很难把腿拉到胸前。)”可知，在失重环境下，抬腿很困难。故选B。
2．Samantha has left the deepest impression on the author probably because of her ．
A.good humor B．technical skills
C．language talent D．loud laughing
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段“She is especially gifted for language. She has native level fluency in English and Russian (the two official languages of the ISS) as well as French, German, and her native Italian. She is also working on learning Chinese. (她在语言方面特别有天赋。她精通英语和俄语(国际空间站的两种官方语言)以及法语、德语和她的母语意大利语。她也在努力学习中文。)”可推断作者对Samantha印象最深的是她的语言天赋。故选C。
3．What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A.Speaking English or Russian is a must for the ISS astronauts.
B．All the ISS astronauts have to be able to speak three languages.
C．European and Japanese astronauts are not good at communication.
D．There are language workshops on the International Space Station.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段“We all have to be able to speak a second language (I've been studying Russian for years), but the European and Japanese astronauts have the added burden of learning two languages if they don't already speak English or Russian.(我们都必须会说第二语言(我已经学习俄语很多年了)，但欧洲和日本的宇航员如果不会说英语或俄语，就会有学习两门语言的额外负担。)”可推断，在国际空间站，宇航员必须会讲英语或俄语。故选A。
4．Which of the following can best describe Terry
A．He is competitive and defensive.
B．He is a perfect leader.
C．He is the most experienced man at the ISS.
D．He is just a little bit bossy.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“He has all the positive qualities of a leader—optimism, enthusiasm, friendliness—and none of the negative ones. I've found him to be consistently competent, and I appreciate that as a leader he is a consensus builder rather than a bossy commander. Since I've been up here, he has always been respectful of my previous experience, always open to suggestions about how to do things better rather than getting defensive or competitive.(他具有一个领导者所具有的一切积极品质——乐观、热情、友善——而没有任何消极的品质。我发现他一直都很有能力，作为一个领导者，我很欣赏他是一个共识的缔造者，而不是一个专横的指挥官。自从我来到这里，他一直很尊重我以前的经验，总是愿意接受如何把事情做得更好的建议，而不是变得防守或竞争。)”可知，Terry是一个完美的负责人。故选B。
B
(2025·豫西北教研联盟一模)
Plans are being drawn up for a lunar “Noah's Ark” to help save endangered species from extinction. The coming biorepository, a storage facility for frozen samples, would house live samples from most animals in the world and serve as a save in case the species disappeared on Earth. It would likely be built at the north or south pole of the moon, where craters (陨石坑) create permanent shadow and a temperature of almost －200 ℃.
Scientists from the Smithsonian, Harvard and other leading US institutions are working on how to obtain samples from at risk biodiversity on Earth, freeze them and send them to the lunar surface for safekeeping. In a paper published in the journal BioScience, the academics say they have already begun creating a plan for space storage based on the starry goby, a bony fish.
Potential difficulties include how the samples can be protected from the severity of space travel as well as the high radiation levels in space. Biorepositories such as the one on Svalbard in Norway are designed to be durable but may still conflict with earthly risks, the scientists warn, and having a shelter on the moon could provide a back up plan that is uninfluenced to earthbound events. The constantly cold temperatures on the moon are ideal for a biorepository of cryopreserved (冷冻保存的) samples, the scientists say, as it would mean the system could be passive and not need a power supply.
“Such a biorepository would safeguard biodiversity and act as a measure against its loss occurring because of natural disasters, climate change, over population, resource depletion (枯竭), wars, socioeconomic threats and other causes on Earth，” the scientists write. “This is a decades long programme，” the scientists write. “Protecting Earth's life must be a top priority in the rush on the moon sites for industries and many types of science.”
NASA is also interested in the south pole of the moon for the same permanently shadowed regions because they may also host ice and this could help establish a human possession on the moon.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了月球上的“诺亚方舟”计划。
5．What is the lunar “Noah's Ark” actually
A．A territory. B．A storehouse.
C．A burial field. D．A laboratory.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Plans are being drawn up for a lunar ‘Noah's Ark’ to help save endangered species from extinction. The coming biorepository, a storage facility for frozen samples, would house live samples from most animals in the world and serve as a save in case the species disappeared on Earth.(为了拯救濒临灭绝的物种，月球上的‘诺亚方舟’计划正在起草中。未来的生物库，一个冷冻样本的储存设施，将容纳世界上大多数动物的活样本，并将作为防止物种在地球上消失的保险库。)”可知，月球上的‘诺亚方舟’实际上是一个储存设施。故选B。
6．How do the bony fish appear in the project
A．As an emergency food.
B．As an endangered species.
C．As an easily stored fish.
D．As an experimental article.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists from the Smithsonian, Harvard and other leading US institutions are working on how to obtain samples from at risk biodiversity on Earth, freeze them and send them to the lunar surface for safekeeping. In a paper published in the journal BioScience, the academics say they have already begun creating a plan for space storage based on the starry goby, a bony fish.(来自史密森学会、哈佛大学和其他美国主要机构的科学家们正在研究如何从地球上濒危的生物多样性中获取样本，将其冷冻并送到月球表面进行保管。在《生物科学》杂志上发表的一篇论文中，学者们表示，他们已经开始制定一项基于星形虾虎鱼，一种硬骨鱼的空间存储计划。)”可知，硬骨鱼是作为研究文章中的样本出现在项目中的。故选D。
7．The moon is considered ideal for the project due to ．
A．sustained cold
B．a lack of sunlight
C．the best security
D．lowered radiation
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The constantly cold temperatures on the moon are ideal for a biorepository of cryopreserved (冷冻保存的) samples, the scientists say, as it would mean the system could be passive and not need a power supply.(科学家们说，月球上持续的低温非常适合冷冻保存样本的生物储存库，因为这意味着该系统可以是被动的，不需要电源。)”可知，由于持续寒冷，月球被认为是这个项目的理想选择。故选A。
8．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A.Species on Earth are gradually increasing.
B．The threats on the earth are under control.
C．Scientists have high hopes for “Noah's Ark”．
D．“Noah's Ark” is currently running smoothly.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“‘Such a biorepository would safeguard biodiversity and act as a measure against its loss occurring because of natural disasters, climate change, over population, resource depletion (枯竭), wars, socioeconomic threats and other causes on Earth，’ the scientists write. ‘This is a decades long programme，’ the scientists write. ‘Protecting Earth's life must be a top priority in the rush on the moon sites for industries and many types of science.’(科学家们写道：‘这样一个生物储存库将保护生物多样性，并作为一种措施，防止自然灾害、气候变化、人口过剩、资源枯竭、战争、社会经济威胁和地球上其他原因造成的生物多样性损失。这是一个长达数十年的项目，保护地球的生命必须成为工业和多种科学在月球上的首要任务。’)”和最后一段“NASA is also interested in the south pole of the moon for the same permanently shadowed regions because they may also host ice and this could help establish a human possession on the moon.(美国国家航空航天局也对月球南极的永久阴影地区感兴趣，因为那里可能也有冰，这可能有助于人类在月球上定居。)”可知，科学家对“诺亚方舟”寄予厚望。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·山西三晋名校10联考)
Peter Warner is a dedicated bus driver for the Metropolitan Transportation Authority. On June 19, while 1. his regular route through Willowbrook on Staten Island, he 2. a little boy standing alone on the road. Then the little boy was running down the middle of the street, wearing no shoes. Recognizing the 3. ， Peter immediately stopped the bus and 4. blocked the intersection to ensure safety for both the child and other drivers. He then 5. the boy calmly, taking him into his care.
After ensuring the child was 6. ， Peter called the MTA's Bus Command Center, his union, and 911. Thanks to his quick 7. ， the boy was soon reunited with his 8. family. It turned out that the child had 9. away while his father was sleeping and his mother was at work. The boy's family expressed their deep gratitude to Peter, who felt a sense of 10. and happiness that everything had turned out well.
In the days that followed, Peter and the boy's father connected on social media, developing a new 11. . The incident was widely reported, and the community commended Peter for his caution and 12. . His quick thinking not only ensured the boy's safety but also 13. a potential tragedy. This act of heroism 14. a powerful reminder of how a single moment of care and responsibility can make a 15. difference in someone's life.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了公交车司机Peter Warner在路上行驶时救了一个独自在马路中间行走的小孩，避免了一场悲剧，他的行为受到了赞扬。
1．A.operating　　　　　　B．guiding
C．enjoying D．driving
解析：D　句意：6月19日，当他在斯塔滕岛的威洛布鲁克行驶常规路线时，他注意到一个小男孩独自站在路上。A.operating操作；B.guiding引导；C.enjoying享受……的乐趣，喜爱；D.driving驾驶，开车。根据上文中的“Peter Warner is a dedicated bus driver”和空后的“his regular route”可知，Peter Warner是一名公交车司机，所以这天他是沿着自己的常规路线开车。故选D。
2．A.arranged B．noticed
C．imagined D．kept
解析：B　句意：同上。A.arranged安排；B.noticed注意到；C.imagined想象；D.kept保持。根据空后的“a little boy standing alone on the road”可知，他在开车的时候注意到路上有一个小男孩。故选B。
3．A.danger B．point
C．case D．sight
解析：A　句意：Peter意识到危险，立即停下公交车并迅速封锁了十字路口，以确保孩子和其他司机的安全。A.danger危险；B.point论点，要点；C.case实例，具体情况；D.sight视力。根据上文“Then the little boy was running down the middle of the street, wearing no shoes.”和句中的“to ensure safety for both the child and other drivers”并结合常识可知，一个小男孩独自在马路上是非常危险的，所以Peter采取了一系列措施确保小男孩和其他司机的安全。故选A。
4．A.proudly B．patiently
C．quickly D．fearfully
解析：C　句意：同上。A.proudly自豪地；B.patiently耐心地；C.quickly迅速地；D.fearfully可怕地。根据句中的“Peter immediately stopped the bus”并结合常识可知，面对这种紧急情况，Peter立即停下公交车，迅速封锁十字路口。故选C。
5．A.found B．pushed
C．grasped D．approached
解析：D　句意：然后，他镇静地接近男孩，让他处于自己的照看下。A.found发现；B.pushed推动；C.grasped抓紧，抓牢；D.approached接近。根据上文中的“Peter immediately stopped the bus and 4 blocked the intersection”可知，Peter先是停车封锁路口，然后镇静地靠近男孩，让男孩处于自己的监管下，这是一连串动作。故选D。
6．A.afraid B．safe
C．small D．lovely
解析：B　句意：在确保孩子安全后，Peter打电话给MTA的巴士指挥中心、他的工会和911。A.afraid害怕的；B.safe安全的；C.small小的；D.lovely可爱的。根据上文中的“ensure safety for both the child and other drivers”可知，这里指确保小男孩安全。故选B。
7．A.action B.message
C．answer D．struggle
解析：A　句意：由于他的迅速行动，这个男孩很快就与忧心忡忡的家人团聚了。A.action行动；B.message 信息；C.answer回答；D.struggle斗争，奋斗。根据上文中的“Recognizing the 3 ， Peter immediately stopped the bus and 4 blocked the intersection to ensure safety for both the child and other drivers.”和“After ensuring the child was 6 ， Peter called the MTA's Bus Command Center, his union, and 911.”可知，面对这种紧急情况，Peter迅速采取了一系列行动，确保了小男孩安全，让他得以和家人团聚。故选A。
8．A.bored B．puzzled
C．amazed D．worried
解析：D　句意：同上。A.bored无聊的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.amazed(大为)惊奇的；D.worried担心的。根据空后的“family”并结合常识可知，孩子丢失之后，他的家人应该是非常担心。故选D。
9．A.broken B．pulled
C．wandered D．faded
解析：C　句意：原来，孩子是在爸爸睡觉、妈妈上班的时候走失的。A.broken(使)破，裂；B.pulled拉，拽；C.wandered漫游，闲荡，走失；D.faded(使)变淡。根据上文中的“a little boy standing alone on the road”可知，这个小孩趁着爸爸睡觉、妈妈上班的时候走失了，wander away意为“走散，走失”。故选C。
10．A.relief B．gratitude
C．loss D．risk
解析：A　句意：男孩的家人对Peter深表感谢，Peter对一切顺利感到宽慰和高兴。A.relief宽慰；B.gratitude感激；C.loss丧失，亏损；D.risk风险。根据空后的“and happiness that everything had turned out well”并结合常识可知，看到一切都顺顺利利，Peter感到非常宽慰。故选A。
11．A.reward B．friendship
C．position D．frame
解析：B　句意：在接下来的几天里，Peter和男孩的父亲在社交媒体上建立了联系，建立了新的友谊。A.reward奖励；B.friendship友谊；C.position位置；D.frame框架。根据句中的“Peter and the boy's father connected on social media, developing a new”可知，Peter和男孩的父亲在社交媒体上建立了联系，二人成了朋友。故选B。
12．A.freshness B．curiosity
C．richness D．kindness
解析：D　句意：这一事件被广泛报道，社区赞扬Peter的谨慎和善良。A.freshness新鲜；B.curiosity好奇心；C.richness丰富；D.kindness善良，友好的行为。根据上文描述Peter救小男孩的过程可知，Peter的行为是一种善举。故选D。
13．A.released B．melted
C．avoided D．absorbed
解析：C　句意：他的敏捷思维不仅确保了男孩的安全，还避免了潜在的悲剧。A.released释放；B.melted(使)熔化，融化；C.avoided避免；D.absorbed 吸收。根据句中的“ensured the boy's safety”和空后的“a potential tragedy”可知，他的行为确保了小男孩的安全，避免了悲剧的发生。故选C。
14. A．served as B．took in
C．aimed at D．jumped to
解析：A　句意：这一英勇行为有力地提醒我们，一刻的关心和责任可以对一个人的生活产生重大影响。A.served as充当；B.took in收留，欺骗；C.aimed at力求达到；D.jumped to跳到，涨到。根据空前的“This act of heroism”和空后的“a powerful reminder”可知，Peter的英勇行为充当了提醒的作用。故选A。
15．A.little B．sensitive
C．single D．significant
解析：D　句意：同上。A.little小的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.single单一的；D.significant有重大意义的。这里与句中的“a single moment of care and responsibility”对应，强调小小的关心和责任也能产生重大影响。故选D。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据内容及所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·汕尾市四校联考)
Steven Green was a hard working man who worked all his life to support his family. He never finished college, so he had to take hard labor jobs around the neighborhood. He worked as a builder and a carpenter through the years. He often helped his neighbors whenever he was needed. However, as he grew older, he could no longer do these jobs. His knees grew weak, and his health condition made it difficult for him to do hard work.
Steven's kids didn't live in the same state as him and could only send him a small sum of money because they also led a poor life. Unfortunately, Steven experienced constant physical pain after years of hard work, and he needed to take medicine every day. The money offered by his kids was only enough for food, and his savings were small. Realizing that he needed more money, Steven decided to get a job again. He eventually found a job as a doorkeeper. At first, his salary was enough to pay for the groceries and the medicine he needed. However, due to his advanced age, he started to need more medicine, which cost a lot.
To pay the growing bills, Steven began to take items from his home to a second hand store to get some money. One day, as he was carrying an old radio to the store, his neighbor, Ben, saw him. “Mr. Green, it's so good to see you! How have you been？” Ben asked. “I'm doing great. I'm just selling some stuff at home that I don't need any more for some cash. Being weak is terrible when you're old, so take care of yourself when you are young, alright？” he said almost jokingly. Ben nodded.
“Thanks for the tip, Mr. Green！” he said before waving goodbye. That same day, Steven was cooking dinner when he heard the doorbell ring. Not expecting anyone, he walked curiously to the door.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按以下格式作答。
Surprisingly, he saw Ben standing there with a jacket in his arms.
“Ben must have forgotten about the check in the pocket，” Steven thought.
写作提示
故事人物 Steven Green；Ben
故事梗概 这篇文章讲述了一个名叫Steven Green的人一生勤劳工作来养家糊口，但年老后由于身体状况变差而失去工作能力。他的子女住在另一个州，无法给他太多的钱，他开始出售自己的物品来应付日益增加的医疗费用。他的邻居Ben注意到了他的困境并送了他一件夹克衫作为礼物。Steven发现夹克衫口袋里有一张200美元的支票，并反问Ben是否丢失了这张支票。Ben解释说这是他对Steven一直以来的帮助的回报。听到这番话，Steven非常感动，紧紧拥抱了Ben。
续写要点 第一段：描写Ben帮助Steven送给他一件外套夹克；同时描述Steven在夹克中发现了200美元的支票。 第二段：描写steven送还支票给Ben，Ben向其解释帮助他的理由，由此Steven十分感动。
参考范文：
Surprisingly, he saw Ben standing there with a jacket in his arms. “Earlier today, I noticed you weren't wearing a jacket. It's getting cold these days, so I want to give you this jacket as a gift，” Ben said, handing Steven the coat. Steven accepted the gift and thanked Ben a lot. The next day, Steven wore the jacket to work. Feeling cold, he put his hands inside the pockets. Then he found there was something inside. To his surprise, it was a check for $ 200!
“Ben must have forgotten about the check inside the pocket，” Steven thought. He then went to Ben's house. “I believe this is yours，” Steven said, showing Ben the check. But Ben shook his head and said the check was Steven's. Seeing Steven's confused face, Ben explained Steven had helped his mom a lot and that he had never had a chance to repay Steven's kindness before. Therefore, when he realized Steven needed help, he decided to reach out. Hearing those words, Steven was so touched that he hugged Ben tightly.

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