资源简介

强化训练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2024·浙江1月卷)
Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35 minute hand clapping, foot stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That's the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children's Theatre of Cincinnati's original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Turner, a 10th grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati's stages. He is a star actor of Children's Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz”， and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”．
McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children's Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky's Governor's School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Note to teachers: Children's Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer”. For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children's Theatre.
语篇导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍由马克·吐温的作品所改编的音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》。
1．Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”？
A.David Kisor. B．Joe McDonough.
C．Nathan Turner. D．Robbie McMath.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.(本剧由乔·麦克多诺改编，大卫·基索作曲。)”可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的。故选A。
2．What can we learn about the two actors
A．They study in the same school.
B．They worked together in “Ragtime”．
C．They are experienced on stage.
D．They became friends ten years ago.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段可知Turner是一名创意与表演艺术学校的10年级学生，是辛辛那提舞台上的常客。他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《睡谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角，也是新泽西制作公司‘Ragtime’的新成员。根据第五段可知McMath是《汤姆·索亚》首演时的演员，也是儿童剧院的常客，演出了五场。综合以上信息可知，这两位演员在舞台上经验丰富。故选C。
3．What does Children's Theatre provide for teachers
A.Research funding.
B．Training opportunities.
C．Technical support.
D．Educational resources.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Note to teachers: Children's Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through ‘Tom Sawyer’. (给老师们的提示：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学。)”可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了教育资源。故选D。
B
(2025·晋豫名校联盟检测)
Seeing terror films is typically a harmless activity. But the fear it generates can cause the body's fight or flight system releasing chemicals into the body and causing a number of physiological responses.
Our body's fear response is actually a fantastic tool for survival in dangerous situations because it kicks in fast, makes us full of energy, heightens our focus, strengthens our muscles, and gets us ready to handle whatever is coming at us. It's a built in survival mechanism, which has been with us since our ancient ancestors. But even as it helped our ancient ancestors escape from tigers and keeps us out of harm today, activating the body's fear response isn't always a good thing. If it's initiated too often with constant stress or frequent jump scares, it can wear our bodies down.
The body's fear response, or fight or flight response, always begins in the amygdala—a part of the brain's system that's critical for recognizing threats and processing emotions. After it detects a threat, the amygdala sends a distress signal to a command center in the brain, which tells the nervous system to release hormones and neurotransmitters (荷尔蒙和神经递质). Research shows that these hormones and neurotransmitters work together to quicken your breathing and to make your heart send oxygen rich blood faster to your muscles and vital organs. This prepares the muscles and brain to rapidly set up a threat response.
Indeed, when stress hormones are released too often or for long periods of time, it can wear your body down. In some people, it can lead to health issues like high blood pressure, heart problems and digestive issues, because your body is constantly in “high alarm mode”．
Another consideration is that our immediate biological response to fear is the same whether we're facing true danger—or something that only appears that way. Overexposure to jump scares can make you less sensitive to fear.So people who enjoy terror films regularly might not react as strongly to real danger because their brain gets used to these situations.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了看恐怖电影会产生应激反应，并分析了其产生的原因和危害。
4．Why are ancient ancestors mentioned
A．To admire their quick response to fear.
B．To show body's fear response is inborn.
C．To introduce tough living conditions in ancient days.
D.To demonstrate how they survived the scary situations.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句“It's a built in survival mechanism, which has been with us since our ancient ancestors.(这是一个内置的生存机制，自我们的古代祖先以来就一直伴随着我们。)可知，提及先人的目的是说明身体对恐惧的反应是天生的，是古人遗传下来的。故选B。
5．How is paragraph 3 developed
A．By listing data.
B．By giving examples.
C．By defining and comparing.
D．By explaining and analyzing.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The body's fear response, or fight or flight response, always begins in the amygdala—a part of the brain's system that's critical for recognizing threats and processing emotions. After it detects a threat, the amygdala sends a distress signal to a command center in the brain, which tells the nervous system to release hormones and neurotransmitters (荷尔蒙和神经递质). Research shows that these hormones and neurotransmitters work together to quicken your breathing and to make your heart send oxygen rich blood faster to your muscles and vital organs. This prepares the muscles and brain to rapidly set up a threat response.(人体的恐惧反应，或称‘战斗或逃跑’反应，总是始于杏仁核——大脑系统中一个对识别威胁和处理情绪至关重要的部分。在检测到威胁后，杏仁核会向大脑中的一个指挥中心发送求救信号，该指挥中心指示神经系统释放荷尔蒙和神经递质。研究表明，这些荷尔蒙和神经递质协同作用，加快呼吸，使心脏更快地将富含氧气的血液输送到肌肉和重要器官。这为肌肉和大脑迅速建立威胁反应做好了准备。)”可推知，该段从生物学和心理学的角度解释和分析了身体对恐惧的反应是如何产生的。故选D。
6．Which may be the result of watching terror films frequently
A.Getting tired of them.
B．Doing good to health.
C．Losing interest in other films.
D．Being less sensitive to real danger.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Overexposure to jump scares can make you less sensitive to fear. So people who enjoy terror films regularly might not react as strongly to real danger because their brain gets used to these situations.(过度接触突如其来的惊吓会使你对恐惧变得不那么敏感。因此，经常看恐怖片的人可能对真实的危险反应不那么强烈，因为他们的大脑已经习惯了这种情境。)”可知，过度看恐怖电影会使人对真正的危险失去敏感度。故选D。
7．Which might be the best title for the text
A.Effects of Fear on Brain and Body
B．Fight or Flight
C．An Extreme Entertainment
D．Are Terror Films Harmless
解析：A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了恐惧会对人脑和身体造成的影响及其原因。由此可推知，A项：Effects of Fear on Brain and Body(恐惧对大脑和身体的影响)最适合作文章标题。故选 A。
C
(2025·江苏常熟市高三质检)
When you hear the beginning of your favorite song from the radio, suddenly your neck is covered in goose bumps.
It's such a thing that a group of scientists call “skin excitement”—a feeling of cold caused not by a drop in temperature or sudden scare, but by the sense of beauty. “Skin excitement” can come from a song, a painting, a moving movie scene, or even a beloved memory—pretty much anything that causes the giving out of pleasure soaked dopamine in your brain. But it does not come for all of us.
Your favorite music uncovers a lot about your personality, and so does how you respond to that music. Studies suppose that as few as 55 percent of people experience “skin excitement” when listening to music. And if you count yourself among this group, the goose bumps on your skin aren't the only giveaway—scientists can read it in your brain, too. In a new study published in the journal Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Harvard researchers performed brain scans on 10 students who said they reliably got cold when listening to music, and 10 students who didn't. They found that the cold prone brains may really be excited by stronger emotions.
Cold prone brains are generally more likely to show stronger emotional intelligence than no cold brains. Cold prone minds tend to have unusual active imagination, reflect more deeply on their emotions, and appreciate nature and the beauty of music and art to a stronger degree than no cold brains.
So, what type of music causes the chills It seems that the type is not so important; participants in the new study reported getting cold from songs of every kind. And any song connected with a strong emotional memory of the listener can produce the most reliable results. For me, that's the song Sailing to Philadelphia by Mark Knopfler, which I listened to as a kid in the car with my dad, on the way to the summer camp.
语篇导读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于听到最喜爱的音乐会让人“皮肤兴奋”并产生寒意的相关研究，解释了这背后的原因以及对音乐有不同反应可以反应人的性格特点。
8．What can we learn about “skin excitement” in the text
A．It helps to produce dopamine.
B．It is caused by the pain in the skin.
C．It can be experienced by every music listener.
D．It is the human body's reaction to something nice.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“but by the sense of beauty. ‘Skin excitement’ can come from a song, a painting, a moving movie scene, or even a beloved memory—pretty much anything that causes the giving out of pleasure soaked dopamine in your brain.(而是因为美好。‘皮肤兴奋’可以来自一首歌、一幅画、一个感人的电影场景，甚至是一段心爱的回忆——几乎任何能让你大脑中充满愉悦的多巴胺释放出来的东西。)”可知，“皮肤兴奋”在本文中是指人体对美好事物的一种反应。故选D。
9．What does the new study by Harvard researchers mainly find
A．The percentage of music lovers in students.
B．The solutions to the goose bumps on one's skin.
C．The differences between cold prone and no cold brains.
D．The relationship between one's music preference and personality.
解析： C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Harvard researchers performed brain scans on 10 students who said they reliably got cold when listening to music, and 10 students who didn't. They found that the cold prone brains may really be excited by stronger emotions.(哈佛大学的研究人员对10名学生进行了脑部扫描，这些学生说他们在听音乐时确实感到寒冷，而另外10名学生没有。他们发现，容易发冷的大脑可能真的会被更强烈的情绪激发。)”可知，这项新研究的成果主要是发现了容易发冷的大脑和不发冷大脑的区别。故选C。
10．What are people with cold prone brains like
A．Beautiful and intelligent.
B．Emotional and dishonest.
C．Imaginative and sensitive.
D．Brave and strong minded.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段“Cold prone brains are generally more likely to show stronger emotional intelligence than no cold brains. Cold prone minds tend to have unusual active imagination, reflect more deeply on their emotions, and appreciate nature and the beauty of music and art to a stronger degree than no cold brains. (容易发冷的大脑通常比不发冷的大脑更有可能表现出更强的情商。与不发冷的大脑相比，容易发冷的大脑往往具有异常活跃的想象力，对情感的反思更深刻，对自然、音乐和艺术的欣赏程度更强。)”可推断，大脑容易发冷的人情商较高，善解人意，且想象力丰富，对自然、音乐和艺术美的感觉是敏锐的。故选C。
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Responses to Music Vary Among People
B．A Feeling of Cold Is Caused by Horrible Music
C．Your Favorite Music Reveals Your Personality
D．Favorite Music May Bring Forth Goose Bumps
解析：D　主旨大意题。根据第一段“When you hear the beginning of your favorite song from the radio, suddenly your neck is covered in goose bumps.(当你从收音机里听到你最喜欢的歌曲开始时，你的脖子突然起了鸡皮疙瘩。)”结合文章主要介绍了一项关于听到最喜爱的音乐会让人“皮肤兴奋”并产生寒意的相关研究，解释了这背后的原因以及对音乐有不同反应可以反应人的性格特点。故D选项“最喜欢的音乐会让你起鸡皮疙瘩”最符合文章标题。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·皖南八校联考)
College admissions experts offer tips on how to write a college essay. For college applicants the essay is the place to showcase their writing skills and let their unique voice shine through. 1.
Getting Started on the College Essay
A good time for students to begin working on their essays is the summer before senior year, when homework and extracurricular activities aren't taking up time and energy.2. Students can go online to review essay requirements, such as word limits and essay topics. Many students may start with the Common App, an application platform accepted by more than 1，000 schools.
How Long Should a College Essay Be
3. “While we won't stop reading after 650 words, we cannot promise that an overly wordy essay will hold our attention for as long as you'd hoped，” the Common App states.
4.
The most discouraging step in the essay writing process is figuring out what to write about. There are several topics to choose. The essay isn't a complete autobiography. It's overwhelming to think of putting your whole life in one essay. Rather, students should narrow their focus and write about a specific experience or hobby that reveals something personal, like how they think, what they value or what their strengths are. Students can also write about something that illustrates an aspect of their background.5. What's most important is that a college essay is thoughtful and tells a story that offers insight into who a student is as a person.
A．How to Write a College Essay.
B．How to Pick a College Essay Topic.
C．The following are tips on writing a college essay.
D．You should show your respect to the college teachers.
E．These are the types of essays that stand out to admissions officers.
F．Starting early will give students plenty of time to work through the essay before deadlines.
G．Though the Common App notes there are no strict word limit for an essay, it suggests no more than 650 words.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学评审专家就如何写大学论文提供了一些建议。
解析：
1．C　根据上文“College admissions experts offer tips on how to write a college essay. For college applicants, the essay is the place to showcase their writing skills and let their unique voice shine through.(大学评审专家就如何写大学论文提供了一些建议。对于大学申请者来说，论文是展示他们写作技巧的地方，让他们独特的声音闪耀)”可知，前面提出大学论文的重要性，并且专家给出一些建议，结合下文给出的三个具体的建议。由此可知，C.The following are tips on writing a college essay.(以下是写大学论文的建议)承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。
2．F　根据本段小标题“Getting Started on the College Essay(开始写大学论文)”及上文“A good time for students to begin working on their essays is the summer before senior year, when homework and extracurricular activities aren't taking up time and energy.(学生开始写论文的好时机是大四前的夏天，此时作业和课外活动不会占用时间和精力)”可知，本段是对开始写论文的时间给出的建议，说的是时间问题。由此可知，F. Starting early will give students plenty of time to work through the essay before deadlines.(尽早开始会让学生有足够的时间在截止日期前完成论文)符合语境。故选F项。
3．G　根据小标题 “How Long Should a College Essay Be？”及下文“While we won't stop reading after 650 words, we cannot promise that an overly wordy essay will hold our attention for as long as you'd hoped(虽然我们不会在650字之后停止阅读，但我们不能保证一篇单词过多的文章能像你希望的那样吸引我们的注意力)”可知，本段对文章的长度即词数给出的建议。由此可知，G. Though the Common App notes there are no strict word limit for an essay, it suggests no more than 650 words.(虽然通用应用程序指出，文章没有严格的字数限制，但它建议不超过650词)符合语境。故选G项。
4．B　该空为小标题，根据下文“The most discouraging step in the essay writing process is figuring out what to write about. There are several topics to choose.(在论文写作过程中最令人沮丧的一步是弄清楚要写什么。有好几个主题可供选择)”可知，本段主要是论文的主题选题问题方面的建议，topic为关键词。由此可知，B.How to Pick a College Essay Topic.(如何选择大学论文主题)符合语境。故选B项。
5．E　根据上文“Rather, students should narrow their focus and write about a specific experience or hobby that reveals something personal, like how they think, what they value or what their strengths are. Students can also write about something that illustrates an aspect of their background.(相反，学生应该缩小他们的注意力范围，写一个具体的经历或爱好，揭示一些个人的东西，比如他们是如何思考的，他们看重什么，或者他们的优势是什么。学生也可以写一些能说明他们背景的东西)”可知，上文就论文主题已给出了具体的建议，由此可知，E. These are the types of essays that stand out to admissions officers.(这些类型的论文对招生官来说很突出)符合语境，These指代上文“like how they think, what they value or what their strengths are”及“something that illustrates an aspect of their background”这些建议的题材。故选E项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·福建漳州市高三质量监测)
In human history, many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died. China is the only country with uninterrupted human civilization. Chinese civilization was born on both 1. (shore) of the Yellow River in 2800 BC.And the rich land 2. Chinese civilization began is Henan Province.
In the long history of Chinese civilization, we may feel that the unique Chinese characteristics are all around us and all within us, 3. (reflect)in Kungfu to a large extent.
Kungfu or martial arts can only 4. (master)through hard work and practice, which contains rich yet profound Chinese philosophy, whether in curing diseases and improving health, 5. in conquering the enemy and preventing conflict. Kungfu can even have an effect on the daily lives of Kungfu fighters.
All styles or schools of martial art originate from Shaolin Temple. So far, Shaolin Kungfu 6. (become)a window of Chinese culture to the world, which also turns Shaolin Temple into the most 7. (influence) “holy land” of martial arts in the world.
Chinese civilization 8. its thousands of years of history is just like an old man, 9. (remain)tough and intelligent. No matter what happens in the world, he is always standing there with a big smile and 10. inclusive attitude.
语篇导读：本文为一篇说明文，介绍了体现中国文明的武术的起源及影响。
解析：
1．shores　考查名词。句意：公元前2800年，中华文明诞生于黄河两岸。根据the Yellow River可知，一条河有两岸，此处用名词复数。故填shores。
2．where　考查定语从句。句意：而华夏文明发祥地便是河南省。分析句子可知，空处到began为定语从句，先行词the rich land作从句的地点状语，用where引导从句。故填where。
3．reflected　考查非谓语动词。句意：在漫长的中华文明史中，我们可能会感觉到，独特的中国特色围绕着我们，无处不在，很大程度上体现在功夫上。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，unique Chinese characteristics与reflect构成逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词。故填reflected。
4．be mastered　考查被动语态。句意：功夫或武术只有通过努力和实践才能掌握，无论是在治疗疾病和改善健康方面，还是在征服敌人和防止冲突方面，都包含着丰富而深刻的中国哲学。can后缺少动词原形，主语“功夫或武术”与master构成被动关系，谓语用情态动词的被动语态。故填be mastered。
5．or　考查连词。句意：功夫或武术只有通过努力和实践才能掌握，无论是在治疗疾病和改善健康方面，还是在征服敌人和防止冲突方面，都包含着丰富而深刻的中国哲学。空处与whether构成whether...or...结构，意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。
6．has become　考查动词时态。句意：至今，少林功夫已成为中国文化向世界展示的窗口，这也使少林寺成为世界上最具影响力的武术“圣地”。空处缺少句子的谓语，根据So far可知，句子为现在完成时，主语Shaolin Kungfu为单数。故填has become。
7．influential　考查形容词。句意：至今，少林功夫已成为中国文化向世界展示的窗口，这也使少林寺成为世界上最具影响力的武术“圣地”。空处缺少形容词作定语，influence对应的形容词为influential“有影响力的”。故填influential。
8．with　考查介词。句意：有着几千年历史的中华文明就像一位老人，顽强而睿智。分析句子可知，空处缺少介词，根据be动词is可知，主语为Chinese civilization，此处表示“具有”，用介词with。故填with。
9．remaining　考查非谓语动词。句意：有着几千年历史的中华文明就像一位老人，顽强而睿智。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，逻辑主语an old man与remain构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填remaining。
10．an　考查不定冠词。句意：不管世界上发生了什么，他总是带着灿烂的微笑和包容的态度站在那里。attitude在此句中为可数名词单数，inclusive以元音音素开头，此处是泛指，表示“一种”，用不定冠词an。故填an。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
(2025·八省联考)
假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友 Beth想学打乒乓球，发邮件向你求教。请给她回封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示支持；
2．推荐教练。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Beth，
Glad to know that you want to learn to play table tennis.
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Beth，
Glad to know that you want to learn to play table tennis.It's a fun and exciting sport! I highly support your decision, as it will not only improve your skills but also help you make new friends.
I recommend you take lessons from Coach Zhang.He is an experienced coach who has trained many players at different levels.His classes are engaging and tailored to each student's needs.You can find him at the local sports center.
Let me know if you need more information.Enjoy your training!
Yours，
Li Hua

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