资源简介

强化训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·江西多校联考)
The “passengercarrying pilotless” electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicle, autonomous flying taxis, could soon be a reality after a vehicle manufacturer (生产商) obtained the world's first production certificate to manufacture them in China.
First announced in 2018, this eVTOL is a small, fullyelectric VTOL craft built with carbon fiber and 16 propellers (螺旋桨) powered by 16 motors. It can reach speeds of up to 62 mph and has a maximum altitude of around 10，000 feet. Designed for passenger transport, it can hold two passengers and has an autonomic driving system.
Many companies manufacture eVTOLs, but they have so far only been developed as prototypes (样机) for test flights. This eVTOL has been tested numerous times with both crewed and uncrewed flights. It isn't the company's first model. It follows a “passenger drone” that first appeared in 2016. The vehicle is expected to function in areas such as air taxi service, aerial tourism, airport shuttles, and crossisland transportation.
Largescale production of this eVTOL represents an important milestone in making unmanned eVTOLs and similar aircraft a reality. It's the first eVTOL to have been granted such certification, which in turn could make China the first nation to make flying taxis a service that people can use.
While this eVTOL now has approval for mass production, the authority issued the Green Aviation Manufacturing Industry Development Program (20232035) in October 2023, which offers guidance on putting a pilotoperated eVTOL in the skies by 2025 and fully autonomous services on a large scale by 2035, including the need to establish practical regulations and insurance plans for flying cars.
In contrast, a US implementation plan has targeted 2028 as the year that eVTOLs will fly commercially for the first time, with appropriate regulation and certification governing their safe manufacturing and use. With this in mind, China could steal a march on the US in terms of making—or at least testing—eVTOLs at a commercial level.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型电动垂直起降(eVTOL)飞行器的相关信息，包括其设计特点、功能用途、生产认证情况以及未来的发展前景等。
1．What is the author's purpose of writing Paragraph 2
A．To explain the potential uses of the eVTOL.
B．To describe the productive process for the eVTOL.
C．To show the technical specifications of the eVTOL.
D．To state the history of the eVTOL's development.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段“First announced in 2018, this eVTOL is a small, fullyelectric VTOL craft built with carbon fiber and 16 propellers (螺旋桨) powered by 16 motors. It can reach speeds of up to 62 mph and has a maximum altitude of around 10，000 feet. Designed for passenger transport, it can hold two passengers and has an autonomic driving system.(该eVTOL于2018年首次公布，是一种小型全电动垂直起降飞行器，由碳纤维和16个螺旋桨组成，由16个电机提供动力。它的速度最高可达62英里/小时，最大高度约为10，000英尺。专为客运设计，可容纳两名乘客，并配有自动驾驶系统。)”可知，本段的目的是展示eVTOL的技术参数。故选C项。
2．What do we know about the eVTOL from Paragraph 3
A．It was first developed in 2016.
B．It is the company's first model.
C．It has only been tested with crewed flights.
D．It is expected to be used in air taxi service.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段“This eVTOL has been tested numerous times with both crewed and uncrewed flights. It isn't the company's first model. It follows a ‘passenger drone’ that first appeared in 2016. The vehicle is expected to function in areas such as air taxi service, aerial tourism, airport shuttles, and crossisland transportation.(这种eVTOL已经在载人和无人飞行中进行了多次测试。这并不是该公司的第一款机型。在此之前，2016年首次出现了一款‘客运无人机’。该飞行器预计将在空中出租车服务、空中旅游、机场穿梭和跨岛运输等领域发挥作用。)”可知，eVTOL预计将用于空中出租车服务。故选D项。
3．What does the underlined word “granted” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Confirmed.　　　　　　B．Digested.
C．Denied. D．Implied.
解析：A　词句猜测题。根据第一段“The ‘passengercarrying pilotless’ electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicle, autonomous flying taxis, could soon be a reality after a vehicle manufacturer (生产商) obtained the world's first production certificate to manufacture them in China.(‘载客无人驾驶’电动垂直起降(eVTOL)车辆，即自动飞行出租车，可能很快就会成为现实，因为一家汽车制造商获得了世界上第一个在中国制造的生产证书。)”以及第四段“which in turn could make China the first nation to make flying taxis a service that people can use(这反过来又可能使中国成为第一个让飞行出租车成为人们可以使用的服务的国家)”可知，这可能使中国成为第一个让飞行出租车成为人们可以使用的服务的国家，所以应是首架获得认证的eVTOL飞机，推知granted应是“承认”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
4．Which can be the best title for the text
A．The Future Of Air Taxi Service In The US
B．Flying Taxis Are About To Become A Reality
C．The Rapid Development Of eVTOL Vehicles
D．A Vehicle Manufacturer Will Launch Air Taxi Service
解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第一段“The ‘passengercarrying pilotless’ electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicle, autonomous flying taxis, could soon be a reality after a vehicle manufacturer (生产商) obtained the world's first production certificate to manufacture them in China.(‘载客无人驾驶’电动垂直起降(eVTOL)车辆，即自动飞行出租车，可能很快就会成为现实，因为一家汽车制造商获得了世界上第一个在中国制造的生产证书。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型电动垂直起降(eVTOL)飞行器的相关信息，所以B项“Flying Taxis Are About To Become A Reality(飞行出租车即将成为现实)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
B
(2025·江门市调研)
Scientific discovery is one of the most complicated human activities, for scientists must understand the existing knowledge, raise a research question and design and conduct an experiment in pursuit of an answer. Can this complex process be automated
Last week, Sakana AI Labs announced the creation of an “AI scientist”—an artificial intelligence system they claim can make scientific discoveries in a fully automated way. Using generative large language models(LLMs)like those behind ChatGPT and other AI chatbots, the system can brainstorm, select a promising idea, code new algorithms(算法), plot results, and write a paper summarizing the experiment and its findings.
Nowadays, a lot of science is done in the open, and almost all scientific knowledge has been written down somewhere. Millions of scientific papers are freely available online. LLMs trained with this data can easily capture the language of science and its patterns. It is therefore perhaps not at all surprising that a generative LLM can produce something that looks like a good scientific paper—it has absorbed many examples that it can copy.
What is less clear is whether an AI system can produce an interesting scientific paper. Crucially, good science requires novelty. Scientists don't want to be told about things that are already known. Rather, they want to learn new things, especially new things that are significantly different from what is already known.
The Sakana system tries to address novelty in two ways. First，it “scores” new paper ideas for similarity to existing research. Anything too similar is cast away. Second, Sakana's system introduces a “peer review” step—using another LLM to judge the quality and novelty of the generated paper.
Feedback is mixed on Sakana AI's output. Some have described it as producing “endless scientific slop”. Even the system's own review of its outputs judges the papers weak at best. This is likely to improve as the technology evolves, but the question of whether automated scientific papers are valuable remains. Is this the kind of scientific ecosystem we want
语篇导读：本文为一篇说明文，Sakana人工智能实验室宣布了一名“人工智能科学家”的诞生，该人工智能系统声称可以完全自动化地进行科学发现，文章介绍了其语言模型的工作形式，并对于其科学生态系统提出疑问。
5．What is the primary function of AI scientist in scientific researches
A．To help analyze scientific data.
B．To assist scientists in researches.
C．To automate the entire discovery.
D．To review humanauthored papers.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Last week, Sakana AI Labs announced the creation of an ‘AI scientist’—an artificial intelligence system they claim can make scientific discoveries in a fully automated way.(上周，Sakana人工智能实验室宣布了一名‘人工智能科学家’的诞生，该人工智能系统声称可以完全自动化地进行科学发现。)”可知，人工智能科学家在科学研究中的主要功能是完全自动化地进行科学发现。故选C。
6．How do LLMs work
A．They grasp the scientific terms and frameworks.
B．They conduct scientific researches independently.
C．They include most advanced scientific knowledge.
D．They create papers through direct input from experts.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“LLMs trained with this data can easily capture the language of science and its patterns. It is therefore perhaps not at all surprising that a generative LLM can produce something that looks like a good scientific paper—it has absorbed many examples that it can copy.(使用这些数据训练的LLMs可以很容易地捕捉科学的语言及其模式。因此，生成型LLM能够写出看起来像一篇优秀科学论文的东西，这一点也不奇怪——它已经吸收了许多可以复制的例子。)”可知，LLMs能通过掌握科学术语和框架模式来工作。故选A。
7．How does the Sakana system attempt to ensure novelty
A．By adding human experts' review.
B．By ruling out similar paper ideas.
C．By using unpublished research data.
D．By borrowing ideas from new papers.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The Sakana system tries to address novelty in two ways. First, it ‘scores’ new paper ideas for similarity to existing research. Anything too similar is cast away. Second, Sakana's system introduces a ‘peer review’ step—using another LLM to judge the quality and novelty of the generated paper.(Sakana系统试图通过两种方式解决创新问题。首先，它对新论文的想法与现有研究的相似性进行‘评分’。太相似的东西都被抛弃了。其次，Sakana的系统引入了一个‘同行评议’步骤——使用另一个LLM来判断生成论文的质量和新异)”可知，Sakana系统试图通过排除类似的论文观点确保新颖。故选B。
8．What may be the author's attitude towards AI scientific ecosystem
A．Unclear. B．Supportive.
C．Skeptical. D．Indifferent.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Feedback is mixed on Sakana AI's output. Some have described it as producing ‘endless scientific slop’. Even the system's own review of its outputs judges the papers weak at best. This is likely to improve as the technology evolves, but the question of whether automated scientific papers are valuable remains. Is this the kind of scientific ecosystem we want？(Sakana AI的输出反馈是混合的。一些人将其描述为产生‘无尽的科学垃圾’。即使是系统自己对其产出的审查，也会判断这些论文充其量是薄弱的。随着技术的发展，这种情况可能会有所改善，但自动化的科学论文是否有价值的问题仍然存在。这就是我们想要的科学生态系统吗)”可知，作者认为自动化的科学论文价值问题有待判断，因此，对于人工智能科学生态系统持有怀疑态度。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·云南名校高三监测)
When Rob Burrow was diagnosed(诊断) with motor neurone disease (MND) in December 2019, it put an end to his 16year career as a rugby player for Leeds Rhinos. As the disease 1. , it causes muscle weakness, 2. visible wasting of the affected muscles.
What didn't waste away, however, was a lasting 3. with legendary sportsman and Leeds Rhinos teammate Kevin Sinfield. Pumped into action by his friend's 4. ， Sinfield recently 5. the sports world when he carried Burrow over the 6. line of the Rob Burrow Leeds Marathon this past May.
Sinfield, current defense coach of the England rugby union team, has taken on a remarkable series of 7. to generate funds, 8. awareness and support the fight against MND following Burrow's diagnosis, reports CNN.
“To have 12，500 people run alongside us and for Burrow to be able to 9. take part, was incredible，” Sinfield recalled. “The event was 10. for all of us. To get that moment at the end which symbolized 11. ， friendship, and caring for your mate was 12. ．” Sinfield told CNN.
“Today is an amazing day for the whole community and will 13. every sufferer，” Burrow texted in 2020, when Sinfield raised over $3 million for MND.This year, Burrow wrote, “My 14. friend Kevin, you don't realize the 15. you have had on me and the whole MND community.”
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。当Rob Burrow被诊断患有运动神经元病后，他的队友Kevin Sinfield参加了Rob Burrow Leeds马拉松，以便筹钱支持运动神经元病的研究、提高人们对这个疾病的意识、支持与这个疾病抗争。
1．A.passes B．progresses
C．grows D．moves
解析：B　句意：随着疾病的发展，它会导致肌肉无力，导致受影响的肌肉明显萎缩。A.passes通过，走过；B.progresses进步，进展；C.grows成长；D.moves移动。根据前文中的“When Rob Burrow was diagnosed(诊断) with motor neurone disease (MND)”和本句中的“it causes muscle weakness”可知，一开始Rob Burrow被诊断患有运动神经元病，这个时候病情应该比较轻，而随着这种疾病的发展，它会导致肌肉无力。故选B。
2．A.making up B．bringing out
C．resulting in D．putting away
解析：C　句意：同上。A.making up编造；B.bringing out使显现；C.resulting in导致；D.putting away把……收起。根据空后的“visible wasting of the affected muscles”可知，肌肉无力会最终导致肌肉萎缩。故选C。
3．A.friendship B．agreement
C．peace D．satisfaction
解析：A　句意：然而，没有衰弱的是与传奇运动员、利兹犀牛队队友Kevin Sinfield的持久友谊。A.friendship友谊；B.agreement协定，协议；C.peace和平；D.satisfaction满足，满意。根据下文中的“his friend's”和空前的“lasting”可知，这里说的是Rob Burrow和Kevin Sinfield的友谊。故选A。
4．A.experience B．wisdom
C．observation D．illness
解析：D　句意：因为他朋友的疾病而采取行动，他最近赢得了体育界的称赞，今年5月Sinfield在 Rob Burrow Leeds马拉松比赛中带着Burrow越过了终点线。A.experience经历；B.wisdom智慧；C.observation观察；D.illness疾病。空前的“his friend's”指的是Rob Burrow，结合上文可知，他患有运动神经元病。故选D。
5．A.wowed B．greeted
C．reminded D．attracted
解析：A　句意：同上。A.wowed使喝彩，博得……的称赞；B.greeted欢迎；C.reminded提醒；D.attracted吸引。根据句中的“he carried Burrow over the 6 line of the Rob Burrow Leeds Marathon this past May”可知，他的这种行为获得了体育界的赞赏。故选A。
6．A.starting B．crossing
C．finishing D．dividing
解析：C　句意：同上。A.starting (line)起跑线；B.crossing十字路口；C.finishing (line)终点线；D.dividing (line)分界线。根据空前的“he carried Burrow over”可知，他带着Rob Burrow越过了终点线。故选C。
7．A.performances B．challenges
C．discussions D．events
解析：B　句意：据美国有线电视新闻网报道，英格兰橄榄球联盟队现任防守教练Sinfield在Burrow确诊后，承担了一系列引人注目的挑战，以筹集资金、提高人们的认识并支持对抗MND。A.performances表演；B.challenges挑战；C.discussions讨论；D.events大事，比赛项目。根据空前的“taken on”和上文中的“the Rob Burrow Leeds Marathon”可知，Sinfield承担了一系列挑战。故选B。
8．A.raise B.simplify
C．push D．protect
解析：A　句意：同上。A.raise提高；B.simplify使简化；C.push推动；D.protect保护。根据空后的“awareness”可知，这里表示提高人们对MND这个疾病的认识。故选A。
9．A.generally B．fully
C．temporarily D．occasionally
解析：B　句意：Sinfield回忆道：“有12，500人与我们并肩跑，Burrow能够完全参与其中，真是太不可思议了。”A.generally一般地；B.fully完全地，充分地；C.temporarily暂时地；D.occasionally偶然，偶尔。根据上文中的“he carried Burrow over the 6 line of the Rob Burrow Leeds Marathon”可知，Sinfield带着Burrow一起跑马拉松，Burrow能够完全参与其中。故选B。
10．A.significant B．positive
C．precious D．tough
解析：D　句意：这件事对我们所有人来说都很艰难。A.significant有重大意义的；B.positive积极的；C.precious宝贵的；D.tough艰难的。根据上文中的“To have 12，500 people run alongside us and for Burrow to be able to 9 take part, was incredible”可知，做成这件事令人觉得不可思议，由此可知，这件事做起来并不容易。故选D。
11．A.love B．cheer
C．interest D．choice
解析：A　句意：能在比赛结束时获得象征着爱、友谊和对朋友的关心的时刻，真是难以置信。A.love爱；B.cheer欢呼声；C.interest兴趣；D.choice选择。根据空后的“friendship, and caring”可知，这里应用和friendship、caring表达感情一致的抽象名词，结合选项，这里应用love。故选A。
12．A.independent B．unbelievable
C．popular D．particular
解析：B　句意： 同上。A.independent独立的；B.unbelievable难以置信的；C.popular流行的；D.particular特别的。根据上文中的“To have 12，500 people run alongside us and for Burrow to be able to 9 take part, was incredible”可知，Sinfield认为让大家一起为Burrow跑并且让Burrow参与其中，这是不可思议的，而在最后获得代表爱、友谊、关心的时刻也同样是令人难以置信的。故选B。
13．A.educate B．shape
C．benefit D．judge
解析：C　句意：“今天对整个群体来说是令人惊叹的一天，将使每一位患者受益，”Burrow在2020年发短信说，当时Sinfield为MND筹集了300多万美元。A.educate教育；B.shape塑造；C.benefit使受益；D.judge判断。根据句中的“Sinfield raised over $3 million for MND”可知，这场马拉松筹集了300多万美元，所以会让患者受益。故选C。
14．A.loyal B．confident
C．smart D．amazing
解析：D　句意：我了不起的朋友Kevin，你没有意识到你对我和整个MND群体的影响。A.loyal忠诚的；B.confident自信的；C.smart聪明的；D.amazing令人惊奇的，惊人的。根据空后的“friend Kevin”并结合Kevin的所作所为可知，Kevin的举动很了不起。故选D。
15．A.pity B．comment
C．impact D．pressure
解析：C　句意： 同上。A.pity遗憾；B.comment评论；C.impact巨大影响；D.pressure压力。根据空后的“you have had on me and the whole MND community”可知，Kevin的行为产生了巨大的影响。故选C。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·青岛市一模)
I begged my mom to let me make cookies by myself.Even though I had never attempted baking before, I was nine years old and my friend Emmie had been baking cupcakes by herself for a year.I was determined to prove that I could make it.
My brother, Caleb, laughed at the idea of me cooking alone, calling it a disaster.Having a big brother can be annoying.Despite his laughing, my mom agreed to let me try.She reminded me to take my time and be careful because I'd had some messy spills before I was nine.
I raced to the kitchen and went to work.I cracked eggs and put a cold stick of butter into the bowl.I turned on the mixer at medium speed—and whoa.Whoa.Whoa! What a disaster! I had to wipe butter off my face, then off the table and floor.
Caleb made fun of me again, calling me a mess.I chased him away with a spoon and turned back to the mixing bowl.I started again with softer butter.Referring to the recipe, I poured everything needed into the bowl and mixed it.After that, I put the round batter (面糊) onto the cookie sheet and put it into the oven (烤箱).Within a minute, a fantastic smell filled the kitchen—the smell of cookie success!
I was going to prove that I was responsible.No more eyerolling from my brother.No more “You're too young” from my parents.I had grown up and was in control.
I stared into the oven, and my heart sank.The neat, little balls had melted (融化) and overflowed to the edges of the cookie sheet.I pulled the pan out just as Caleb wandered back into the kitchen.
“What in the world？” He started to laugh.“Cookie soup？”
“You just be quiet，” I whispered, trying not to cry.“Just leave me alone.”
“How's it going in there？” Dad called from the living room.
Caleb raised his eyebrows and bit his lip.I responded that everything was fine, pouring the melted batter into the bowl quickly.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
I picked up the directions, wondering what had gone wrong.
　　I brought a plate of cookies into the living room for my family.
【写作提示】
故事人物 作者、哥哥、父母
故事梗概 作者想尝试做饼干，妈妈同意了。没有经验的作者第一次烘焙以失败告终，并遭到了哥哥的嘲笑。
续写要点 第一段：1.描写作者看制作饼干的指南；2.描写作者反思自己的错误，继续尝试。
第二段：描写作者的父母和哥哥试吃后的反应以及作者的感悟。
参考范文：
I picked up the directions, wondering what had gone wrong.Taking a deep breath, I reread the recipe word by word.Suddenly, I realized my mistake—the temperature of the oven was set too high, and I hadn't chilled the dough as the recipe suggested.With newfound confidence, I grabbed a new bowl and started over.This time, I followed the instructions precisely, adjusting the oven's temperature and letting the dough chill in the refrigerator.Finally came the last step: I carefully placed the cookies back into the oven.
I brought a plate of cookies into the living room for my family.The cookies looked not perfectly golden, but smelt good.I stared at them nervously when they were tasting the cookies.“These are delicious！” my mom exclaimed, her praise filling me with warmth.My dad nodded in agreement, asking for another.To my surprise, Caleb winked mischievously at me and said, “Really doing well, sister.” At that moment, my heart was filled with a nice sense of fulfillment.Not only had I proven myself, but I had also learned a valuable lesson: The first step to overcoming setbacks is persistence.

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