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Unit1 Time to Relax
单元语法：动词不定式
（八年级英语下册）（2024版）（人教版）
合作探究 语法考点
动词不定式
定义：
动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，有时to可省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。并且，动词不定式（短语）不能在句中作谓语，属“非谓语动词”，在本单元中，主要学习其作宾语补足语和状语的用法。
考点 动词不定式（短语）的常见用法：
分类 用法 例句
作宾语补足语（带to） 动词不定式作宾语补足语说明宾语所做的动作，常见的动词有：want,tell，ask, invite.encourage,allow等。 My mother asks me to clean my room. 我妈妈要求我打扫房间。 The teacher encourages us to speak English in class. 老师鼓励我们在课堂上说英语。
作宾语补足语（不带to) 在一些使役动词或感官动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式常省略动词不定式符号to，常见的动词有let,make （使）,see,watch,notice,hear,feel，have（使；让）等。 I saw him play football on the playground. 我看见他在操场上踢足球。 Let me help you (to) carry the box. 让我帮你撇这个箱子。
作目的状语 表动作目的，可放在句首或句末，句首常用逗号隔开。 He gets up early to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。
作结果状语 常见结构：“only to do”（常表意外或意外或不愉快的结果）、“enough to do”（足够······去做）、＂too...to do”（大······而不能） He hurried to the station,only to find the train had left. 他匆忙赶到火车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。 The box is light enough for me to carry. 这个箱子足够轻，我能搬得动。
作原因状语 用在表情感、心理状态的形容词（如happy.glad等）后，说明情绪产生的原因。 I'm glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。 She was surprised to hear the news. 听到这个消息她很惊讶。
拓展：（1）动词不定式常放在一些动词后作宾语，常见的动词有：want,begin,decide,learn,agree,need,hope等。
I want to tell you a story.
我想给你讲个故事。
We decided not to give up our plan.
我们决定不放弃我们的计划。
（2）特殊疑问词＋动词不定式：动词不定式常与what,how,when,
where等疑问词连用。
I'm sorry I don't know when to start.
对不起我不知道什么时候开始。
With your help.I learned how to solve the problem.
在你的帮助下我学会了怎样解决问题。
拓展延伸：记忆口诀
不带 to 的动词不定式（短语）作宾补时，常见动词(短
语):
“一感（feel)、二听（hear, listen to)、三使（let. have、make）、四看（see、watch.notice、observe）、“五帮助”（help）。
对点突破 语法专练
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.The neighbour then went to the shop (buy)some
vegetables.
2.We are planning to set up an organization named School Watch
(make)sure that students have a safe school environment. Please be part of our plan!
3.She is too young (deal)with such problems.
4.The scientist uses his knowledge to help factories (produce)better cars.
5.A quick flash of the eyebrows is a sign that someone is
willing (communicate)with others.
二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
6．无论大小，只要我们努力去寻找，善良的行为无处不在。
Acts of kindness, big or small, are everywhere if we care
them.
7．许多人太在意别人的意见，太努力地取悦别人。
Many people care too much about others' opinions and try too hard .
8.巧克力曲奇尝起来很甜，它们让我感觉很开心。
The chocolate cookies taste sweet and they make me .
9．我们经常听见一些学生在英语角练习说英语。
We often hear some students in the
English corner.
10．上周我教爷爷如何使用电脑。
I taught my grandfather the computer last week.
三、短文填空。
Last weekend,our school organized a volunteer activity. We
went to a local primary school 11. (help) the young
students. When we arrived, the children were very excited 12.
(see)us.
Our teacher let us 13.(work) in groups. Some of us taught
them 14. (sing) English songs. Others showed them how
15. (draw)beautiful pictures.
The children tried their best 16. (learn)new things.
One little girl wanted 17.(make)a card for her mother. I
helped her 18. (choose) the colors and write some warm
words.
She was happy 19.(give) the card to her mom later.
Before we left, we promised 20. (come) back next
month. It was a meaningful weekend!
参考答案:一、1.to buy 2.to make 3.to deal
4.produce/to produce 5.to communicate
二、 6.to look for 7.to please others 8.feel happy
9.practice speaking English 10.how to use
三、11.to help 12.to see 13.work 14.to sing 15.to draw
16.to learn 17.to make 18.choose/to choose 19.to give
20.to see me
四、写出下列句子中的动词不定式，并指出其功能。
1.My father is teaching my brother to ride a bike.
2.Zisha teapots can make the tea taste good.
3.I have practised a lot. Let me try the speech competition for our class.
4.City Library is open every day to serve the public's reading needs.
5. Neil says he is lucky to live in such a good community.
参考答案 1.to ride a bike；宾补 2.taste good；宾补
3.try the speech competition；宾补
4.to serve the public's reading needs；目的状语
5.to live in such a good community；原因状语

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