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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit3-5单元 短文语法填空 强化练 2025-2026学年
上学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级上册期末复习
Confucius was a great teacher in ancient China. He had many students, and two of them were very different. One was named Yan Hui, and the other was named Zigong. Yan Hui was quiet and shy. He always listened 1 (careful) to Confucius. Zigong was outgoing and loud. He liked to ask many questions.
Yan Hui was hard-working and always tried his best to learn. He had 2 simple life and was very honest. Zigong was clever and good at business. He traveled a lot and made many friends. Despite their 3 (different), they both respected Confucius and learned from him.
One day, Confucius asked his students, “What is your greatest 4 (strong) ” Yan Hui said, “My strength is that I never make the same mistake twice.” Zigong said, “My strength is that I can solve problems quickly.” Confucius smiled and said, “Both of you are right. Each person has their own strengths and weaknesses. The important thing is to learn from each other and improve 5 (we).”
Yan Hui and Zigong realized that they had a lot 6 common. They both loved learning and cared about others. They decided 7 (help) each other and share their knowledge. Thanks to their friendship, they became even 8 (good) people.
This story teaches us that everyone is different, 9 we can learn from each other. By 10 (understand) and respecting our differences, we can grow and become better together.
阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释或首字母写出单词的正确形式 （每空一词）
Do you have a friend with an interesting background Today, I’d like to tell you about a friend of m 11 with one. I’ll tell you a bit about her, such as where she’s from and why we’re good friends.
You know, I didn’t use to play sports. H 12 , a couple of years ago, I 13 (加入) a fitness club. There, I met Linda. After the exercise, we had coffee together and 14 (成为) good friends soon. I think we have a lot in 15 (共同的)—we both like to keep fit and love trying all kinds of food. And we love the ocean; in summer, we like to play at the 16 (沙滩) and go swimming there. Linda was 17 (出生) in London, but has lived in China for ten years. So she can speak both Chinese and English. That’s something unusual about her. Another 18 (不同) is her background—Linda has experience and 19 (知识) of two cultures.
So, now you know a bit about my friend, Linda. I think we’ll stay friends forever a 20 we might not always live in the same city in the future.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dumplings are one of the most 21 (tradition) food in China. The people in a family often get together to make dumplings during the New Year’s Eve. I 22 (decide) to make this delicious food for my family yesterday. Because that was my first time 23 (make) dumplings. Rolling dumpling wrappers (擀饺子皮) and making dumpling filling (馅) were difficult for me.
First, some meat, one cabbage and one carrot were necessary. 24 (two), to go with the dumpling filling, Mom taught me to cut up the meat and vegetables so that I could 25 (easy) make the dumpling filling. Third, I put the finished dumpling filling in a bowl. Fourth, I was going to make the dough (面团). Fifth, I cut the dough into small 26 (piece), and then made them into round ones. Sixth, I put the filling in the center of a dumpling wrapper one by one, then folded (对折) them up. 27 (final), I put the dumplings into the pot 28 cooked them for a few minutes. In this way, I cooked delicious dumplings.
Although it was difficult 29 me to make dumplings for the first time, with the help of my family, I found the fun of cooking and thought it was 30 interesting experience.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The dumpling is one of the most traditional food in China. The people in a family often get together 31 (make) dumplings during the New Year’s Eve. Yesterday I 32 (decide) to make this delicious food for my family. Because that 33 (be) my first time to make dumplings, rolling (擀) dumpling wrappers and 34 (make) dumpling filling (馅) were difficult for me.
First, some meat, one cabbage and one carrot were necessary. Second, to go with the dumpling filling, my mum taught me to cut 35 the meat and vegetables so that I could 36 (easy) make the dumpling filling with those pieces by 37 (add) some salt and pepper. Third, I put the finished dumpling filling in a bowl. Fourth, I was going to make the dough (面团). Fifth, I cut the dough into small 38 (piece), and then made them into round ones. Sixth, I put the filling in the center of a dumpling wrapper one by one, then folded (对折) them up. 39 (final), put the dumplings into the pot and cooked them for a few minutes. In this way, I cooked delicious dumplings.
Although it was difficult for me to make dumplings for the first time, with the help of my family, I found the fun of cooking and thought it was 40 interesting experience.
阅读下面短文，然后根据括号里所给汉语意思写出单词的正确、完全形式（每空一词）。
Have you ever seen pieces of litter around where you live It’s bad for the environment to throw away litter 41 (到处) because some litter is difficult to decompose (分解). And only a very small part of plastic can be 42 (回收利用).
Animals in the wild will also be in 43 (危险). They can be hurt by the broken glass, and they might even eat plastic by accident. Litter is blown away by the wind or washed into rivers by rain. 44 (最终), it ends up in the sea, which is 45 (有害的) to animals in the sea.
Karen Blanchfield is an ambassador (大使) for a group called Keep Britain Tidy. Last year, she held an activity named the Little Litter Warriors Scheme (垃圾小战士计划) by 46 (她自己). “Litter picking can have so many advantages, especially when you find litter that has been there for years. Recently, the number of people who take part in the activity has doubled. The litter course in schools has encouraged students to make a huge 47 (不同) by litter picking,” she said.
Everyone should be 48 (负责任的) for the environment. You can also take action to pick up litter. Using a litter picker allows you to collect rubbish 49 (容易) and safely. So don’t forget to bring one! Besides, you should always wear protective 50 (手套) when you are out to collect rubbish.
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
In 51 (we) world, the ecosystem of our planet includes various 52 (live) things. Both plants and animals play significant roles. We know bees are one of the 53 (busy) animals in nature. Insects like butterflies are also very important as they 54 (pollination) flowers, which helps plants reproduce. Different plants provide food and shelter 55 animals. Also, all these elements in nature are 56 (connect) to each other. For example, a change in 57 number of one kind of insect can affect the whole food chain. We should realize the 58 (important) of protecting the ecosystem. 59 let’s take action. We can start by 60 (plant) more trees and reducing pollution.
参考答案
1．carefully 2．a 3．differences 4．strength 5．ourselves 6．in 7．to help 8．better 9．but 10．understanding
【导语】本文通过讲述孔子两位性格迥异的学生颜回和子贡的故事，表达了每个人都有自己的长处和短处，重要的是相互学习、共同进步的主题。
1．句意：他总是认真地听孔子讲话。listened为动词，此处应用careful的副词carefully修饰动词listened。故填carefully。
2．句意：他过着简朴的生活，非常诚实。life为可数名词单数，且simple以辅音音素开头，此处表示“一种简朴的生活”，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
3．句意：尽管他们有不同，但他们都尊敬孔子并向他学习。根据“their”和谓语动词“were”可知，此处需要名词复数形式，difference的复数形式为differences。故填differences。
4．句意：你们最大的优点是什么？根据物主代词“your”和形容词“greatest”可知，此处需要strong的名词形式strength。故填strength。
5．句意：重要的是互相学习，提升我们自己。improve为动词，后面需要宾语，根据句意“提升我们自己”，应用we的反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
6．句意：颜回和子贡意识到他们有很多共同点。have...in common“有……共同点”，固定搭配。故填in。
7．句意：他们决定互相帮助，分享知识。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，固定搭配。故填to help。
8．句意：多亏了他们的友谊，他们成为了更好的人。根据“even”可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级better，表示“甚至更好”。故填better。
9．句意：这个故事告诉我们，每个人都是不同的，但我们可以互相学习。前后两个分句为转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。
10．句意：通过理解和尊重我们的差异，我们可以共同成长，变得更好。By为介词，后接动名词作宾语，understand的动名词为understanding。故填understanding。
11．(m)ine 12．(H)owever 13．joined 14．became 15．common 16．beach 17．born 18．difference 19．knowledge 20．(a)lthough
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的朋友琳达的相关情况。
11．句意：今天，我想告诉你我的一个有着有趣背景的朋友。根据“a friend of m...”可知，此处表示我的一个朋友，用名词性物主代词mine表示我的（朋友）。故填(m)ine。
12．句意：然而，几年前，我加入了一个健身俱乐部。根据“I didn’t use to play sports.”和“I ... a fitness club.”可知，前后两句为转折关系，且空后有逗号隔开，所以用however“然而”，副词，表转折。故填(H)owever。
13．句意：然而，几年前，我加入了一个健身俱乐部。join“加入”，动词；根据“a couple of years ago”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填joined。
14．句意：运动后，我们一起喝咖啡，很快就成了好朋友。become“成为”，动词；根据“had”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填became。
15．句意：我想我们有很多共同之处——我们都喜欢保持健康，喜欢尝试各种食物。common“普通的”，in common“共同的”，固定短语。故填common。
16．句意：我们喜欢大海；夏天，我们喜欢在沙滩上玩耍，在那里游泳。beach“沙滩”，名词；根据“at the ...”可知，此处指在一个沙滩上玩耍，用其单数形式。故填beach。
17．句意：琳达出生在伦敦，但在中国生活了十年。be born“出生”，固定短语。故填born。
18．句意：另一个不同之处是她的背景——琳达有两种文化的经验和知识。difference“不同”，名词；根据“Another ...”可知，此处用其单数形式，作主语。故填difference。
19．句意：另一个不同之处是她的背景——琳达有两种文化的经验和知识。knowledge“知识”，不可数名词，作动词has的宾语。故填knowledge。
20．句意：我想我们会永远做朋友，尽管将来我们可能不会一直住在同一个城市。根据“I think we’ll stay friends forever a... we might not always live in the same city in the future.”可知，前后两句为让步关系，用although“尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填(a)lthough。
21．traditional 22．decided 23．to make 24．Second 25．easily 26．pieces 27．Finally 28．and 29．for 30．an
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者第一次尝试为家人包饺子的经历，描述了包饺子的步骤以及在这个过程中遇到的困难和收获的乐趣。
21．句意：饺子是中国最传统的食物之一。此处需要形容词作定语修饰food，表示“传统的食物”。tradition 的形容词是 traditional，表示“传统的”。故填traditional。
22．句意：我昨天决定为家人做这种美味的食物。根据时间状语yesterday可知，动作发生在过去，需用过去式。故填decided。
23．句意：因为那是我第一次包饺子。固定搭配“the first time to do sth.”表示“第一次做某事”，故填to make。
24．句意：其次，为了制作饺子馅，妈妈教我切碎肉和蔬菜。前文提到“First”，此处为步骤的延续，需用序数词Second表示顺序。故填Second。
25．句意：这样我就能轻松地制作饺子馅了。此处修饰动词make需用副词形式，easy的副词是 easily。故填easily。
26． 句意：我把面团切成小块。因为前面有small修饰，且dough被切分成多个小块，需用复数形式。故填pieces。
27．句意：最后，把饺子放进锅里煮几分钟。此处为步骤的总结，需用副词形式表示顺序。final的副词是 finally，位于句首首字母大写。故填Finally。
28．句意：把饺子放进锅里煮几分钟。连接两个并列动作put和cooked，需用连词and。故填and。
29．句意：虽然我第一次包饺子很难。固定搭配“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做某事……”。故填for。
30．句意：我认为这是一次有趣的经历。experience作“经历”时为可数名词，且首次提及需用不定冠词a/ an。interesting以元音音素开头，需用an修饰。故填an。
31．to make 32．decided 33．was 34．making 35．up 36．easily 37．adding 38．pieces 39．Finally 40．an
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者第一次包饺子的经历。
31．句意：在除夕夜，一家人常常聚在一起包饺子。根据“The people in a family often get together ... dumplings”可知，聚在一起的目的是包饺子，用动词不定式表示目的。故填to make。
32．句意：昨天我决定为我的家人做这道美食。根据“Yesterday I ... to make”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，decide的过去式是decided。故填decided。
33．句意：因为那是我第一次包饺子，擀饺子皮和调饺子馅对我来说都很难。根据“Yesterday I ... to make”可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，be动词用过去式was/were，主语that是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was。
34．句意：因为那是我第一次包饺子，擀饺子皮和调饺子馅对我来说都很难。根据“rolling (擀) dumpling wrappers and ... dumpling filling (馅) were difficult for me”可知，and前后的动词形式要一致，需填入动名词形式。故填making。
35．句意：其次，为了准备饺子馅，妈妈教我把肉和蔬菜切碎，这样我就能通过加入一些盐和胡椒粉，轻松地用这些碎料做出饺子馅。根据“my mum taught me to cut ... the meat and vegetables”可知，妈妈教我把肉和蔬菜切碎，“cut up”意为“切碎”，符合语境。故填up。
36．句意：其次，为了准备饺子馅，妈妈教我把肉和蔬菜切碎，这样我就能通过加入一些盐和胡椒粉，轻松地用这些碎料做出饺子馅。根据“I could ... make the dumpling filling”可知，需填入副词修饰动词make，easy的副词形式是easily。故填easily。
37．句意：其次，为了准备饺子馅，妈妈教我把肉和蔬菜切碎，这样我就能通过加入一些盐和胡椒粉，轻松地用这些碎料做出饺子馅。根据“by ... some salt and pepper”可知，介词by后跟动名词形式，add的动名词形式是adding。故填adding。
38．句意：第五，我把面团切成小块，然后把它们搓圆。根据“I cut the dough into small ..., and then made them into round ones.”可知，“them”意为“它们”，指代填入的词，piece要用复数形式pieces。故填pieces。
39．句意：最后，把饺子放进锅里煮几分钟。根据“..., put the dumplings into the pot and cooked them for a few minutes.”可知，需填入副词修饰整个句子，final的副词形式是finally，句首字母要大写。故填Finally。
40．句意：虽然第一次包饺子对我来说很难，但在家人的帮助下，我发现了烹饪的乐趣，并认为这是一次有趣的经历。根据“it was ... interesting experience”可知，需填入不定冠词表示“一次有趣的经历”，interesting以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
41．everywhere 42．recycled 43．danger 44．Finally 45．harmful 46．herself 47．difference 48．responsible 49．easily 50．gloves
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了乱扔垃圾对环境和野生动物的危害，以及个人如何通过参与捡垃圾活动来保护环境。
41．句意：到处乱扔垃圾对环境有害。everywhere表示“到处”，副词。故填everywhere。
42．句意：只有一小部分塑料可以被回收利用。recycle“回收”，这里是被动语态结构，过去分词形式为recycled。故填recycled。
43．句意：野生动物也会处于危险中。固定搭配in danger表示“处于危险中”。故填danger。
44．句意：最终，垃圾会进入海洋，这对海洋动物是有害的。finally“最终”，副词，符合句意。故填Finally。
45．句意：最终，垃圾会进入海洋，这对海洋动物是有害的。harmful“有害的”，是形容词，作表语。故填harmful。
46．句意：去年，她自己发起了一个名为“垃圾小战士计划”的活动。by oneself“独自”。herself“她自己”，作by的宾语。故填herself。
47．句意：学校的垃圾课程鼓励学生通过捡垃圾产生巨大的影响。固定搭配make a difference表示“产生影响”。故填difference。
48．句意：每个人都应该对环境负责。固定搭配be responsible for表示“对……负责”。故填responsible。
49．句意：使用垃圾夹可以让你轻松安全地收集垃圾。此处需要副词修饰动词。easy“容易”的副词形式为easily。故填easily。
50．句意：外出捡垃圾时，你应该始终戴上防护手套。glove“手套”，此处用复数形式gloves。故填gloves。
51．our 52．living 53．busiest 54．pollinate 55．for 56．connected 57．the 58．importance 59．So 60．planting
【导语】本文阐述了生态系统的构成与重要性，自然界的所有元素相互关联，某类生物数量的变化会影响整个食物链。因此，我们需认识到保护生态系统的重要性，通过植树、减少污染等行动履行保护责任。
51．句意：在我们的世界里，地球的生态系统包含了各种各样的生物。we“我们”，代词主格，又根据“In…world”及“the ecosystem of our planet…”可知，该句在介绍我们人类的生态系统，此处应用其对应的形容词性物主代词our“我们的”作定语修饰world，意为“我们的”。故填our。
52．句意：在我们的世界里，地球的生态系统包含了各种各样的生物。根据“the ecosystem of our planet includes various…things.”及常识可知，此处应指这些“有生命的”东西，即“生物”，应用备选词汇中live的形容词形式living“活的，有生命的”作定语修饰things。故填living。
53．句意：我们知道蜜蜂是自然界中最忙碌的动物之一。busy“忙碌的”，形容词，又根据常识及“one of the…in the world”可知，此处应是将蜜蜂与世界上的所有动物相比，它们是“最忙碌的”，“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“……是……中最……之一”，应用其对应的形容词最高级形式busiest与之搭配。故填busiest。
54．句意：像蝴蝶这样的昆虫也非常重要，因为它们为花朵授粉，这有助于植物繁殖。pollination“授粉”，名词，又根据语境及“as they…flowers”可知，空处缺谓语，且该句描述的一般事实，指昆虫的作用是为花朵“授粉”，从句主语they为第三人称复数形式，应用其对应的动词原形pollinate“授粉”作从句中的谓语。故填pollinate。
55．句意：不同的植物为动物提供食物和庇护所。分析句子结构可知，该句考查“provide sth. for sb.”，为动词短语，意为“为某人提供某物”，应用介词for与之搭配。故填for。
56．句意：此外，自然界中的所有这些元素都是相互关联的。connect“联系，关联”，动词，再结合语境及be动词are可知，主语“all these elements”与connect之间为被动关系，应用其对应的过去分词形式与之搭配，“be connected to”表示“与……相连”，强调自然界中相互关联的状态。故填connected。
57．句意：例如，一种昆虫数量的变化就可能会影响到整个食物链。结合语境及“…number of…”及语境可知，此处在描述某一种昆虫的“数量”变化可能产生的影响，应用定冠词the与之搭配，“the number of”表示“……的数量”。故填the。
58．句意：我们应该认识到保护生态系统的重要性。important“重要的”，形容词，又根据“the…of protecting the ecosystem”及“It’s our responsibility to…”可知，此处在描述保护生态系统的“重要性”，应用其对应的名词形式importance作宾语。故填importance。
59．句意：那么，让我们行动起来吧。前文提到了“保护生态系统的重要性”，此处应在总结并呼吁大家行动起来，应用so“所以”表达从“意识到保护其重要性”到“采取行动”的因果关系，且句首首字母大写。故填So。
60．句意：我们可以从种植更多的树和减少污染开始。plant“种植”，动词，且介词by后应接其动名词形式，plant的动名词形式为planting。故填planting。
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