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江苏省译林版五下译林版Unit6英语核心语法归纳精选
班级________ 姓名________
一、一般现在时与现在进行时的对比
（一）概念
1.一般现在时：表示经常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态 ，也可表示客观事实或普遍真理。常与频度副词（如always总是、usually通常、often经常、sometimes有时、seldom很少、never从不 ）以及every day/week/month/year（每天/每周/每月/每年 ）等时间状语连用。
2.现在进行时：表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态 ，动作发生的时间是“现在”，动作的状态是“正在进行中”。常与look（看），listen（听），now（现在）等词连用 。
（二）构成
一般现在时
-1. 肯定句结构
- 当主语是第三人称单数（he他、she她、it它、单个人名/事物名称等 ）时，动词要用第三人称单数形式（一般在动词原形后加 -s或 -es ），结构为主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他。例如：He plays football every day.（他每天踢足球。）
- 当主语不是第三人称单数时，动词用原形，结构为主语 + 动词原形 + 其他。例如：They play football on Sundays.（他们在周日踢足球。）
-2. 否定句结构
- 当主语是第三人称单数时，借助doesn't（即does not ），后接动词原形，结构为主语 + doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他。例如：She doesn't like apples.（她不喜欢苹果。）
- 当主语不是第三人称单数时，借助don't（即do not ），后接动词原形，结构为主语 + don't + 动词原形 + 其他。例如：We don't play basketball after school.（我们放学后不打篮球。）
- 3.一般疑问句结构
- 当主语是第三人称单数时，借助Does放在句首，后接主语和动词原形，结构为Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？例如：Does he go to school by bike （他骑自行车去上学吗？）
- 当主语不是第三人称单数时，借助Do放在句首，后接主语和动词原形，结构为Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？例如：Do you like reading books （你喜欢读书吗？）
- 特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序（当主语是第三人称单数时用Does，其他情况用Do ）。例如：What does he do on weekends （他在周末做什么？）；What do you have for breakfast （你早餐吃什么？）
现在进行时
-1. 肯定句结构：主语 + be动词 + 动词 -ing形式 + 其他。例如：Look, the bird is flying.（看，那只鸟正在飞。）
-2. 否定句结构：主语 + be动词 + not + 动词 -ing形式 + 其他。例如：She isn't doing her homework now.（她现在没有在做家庭作业。）
-3. 一般疑问句结构：be动词 + 主语 + 动词 -ing形式 + 其他？例如：—Is your brother playing football （你哥哥在踢足球吗？）—Yes, he is.（是的，他在踢。）
-4. 特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 动词 -ing形式 + 其他？例如：—What are they doing （他们正在做什么？）—They are running.（他们正在跑步。）
（三）活学活用
用所给词的适当形式填空
- (1) My father ______ (watch) TV every evening. But now he ______ (watch) TV in the living room.
- (2) Listen! The students ______ (sing) in the music room. They usually ______ (sing) songs on Fridays.
- (3) Look! The cat ______ (catch) a mouse. The cat often ______ (catch) mice at night.
- (4) It's nine o'clock. My sister ______ (read) a storybook. She ______ (read) storybooks before bedtime every day.
- (5) The boys ______ (not play) basketball on the playground now. They ______ (not play) basketball on Sundays.
- (6) —What is your mother ______ (do) —She ______ (cook) dinner. But she usually ______ (cook) dinner at six o'clock.
- (7) —Who ______ (draw) over there —My classmate Lucy ______ (be). Lucy often ______ (draw) pictures in the park.
- (8) Don't talk loudly. The baby ______ (sleep). The baby ______ (sleep) for a long time in the afternoon usually.
- (9) The workers ______ (build) a new bridge these days. They ______ (build) bridges every year.
- (10) My friends and I ______ (have) a party in the garden now. We ______ (have) a party once a month.
单项选择
1.- —______ the children ______ games every day —Yes, they do.
A. Are; play B. Do; playing C. Do; play
2.- —______ your sister ______ a book now —Yes, she is.
A. Is; reading B. Does; read C. Is; read
3.- My mother ______ breakfast for us every morning. But she ______ breakfast in the kitchen now.
A. makes; makes B. is making; makes C. makes; is making
4.- —What ______ they usually ______ on Sundays —They usually play football.
A. do; do B. are; doing C. does; do
5.- Look! The old man ______ across the road. We should help him.
A. walks B. is walking C. walk
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式和现在分词形式
- (1) jump 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (2) like 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (3) run 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (4) write 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (5) swim 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (6) play 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (7) make 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (8) stop 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (9) cry 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
- (10) lie 第三人称单数形式_________；现在分词_________
答案
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1) watches; is watching (2) are singing; sing (3) is catching; catches (4) is reading; reads (5) aren't playing; don't play (6) doing; is cooking; cooks (7) is drawing; is; draws (8) is sleeping; sleeps (9) are building; build (10) are having; have
单项选择
1.C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式和现在分词形式
(1) jumps; jumping (2) likes; liking (3) runs; running (4) writes; writing (5) swims; swimming (6) plays; playing (7) makes; making (8) stops; stopping (9) cries; crying (10) lies; lying

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