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Unit 5 Into the Wild
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you curious about mysterious creatures We are going to tell you about some here.
Okapi
If giraffes and zebras could produce a next generation，their babies would look like an okapi.This strange-looking creature has striped legs like a zebra and the face of a giraffe.Its neck is much shorter than a giraffe，but like its cousin，it has an extremely long tongue，which can be up to 12 inches long.The okapi can use its tongue to wash its own eyelids and ears.Before 1901，okapis were known only to the people living in the Congo rainforest.
Loch Ness Monster
The locals near Loch Ness in northwestern Scotland refer to the mysterious creature as “Nessie”．Nessie is said to be a large animal with a long neck that lived during the time of the dinosaurs.Similar creatures have been reported in other lakes around the world.But whether it is real remains unknown.
Ivory-Billed Woodpecker
By the mid-1990s，the ivory-billed woodpecker was widely believed to have died out due to deforestation(砍伐森林) and hunting.It was rediscovered in 2004，when a bird lover reported seeing one alive in the woods of Arkansas，America.Researchers later got a video of the bird.
King Cheetah
Starting in 1926，people in Zimbabwe began to see a cheetah with unusual markings.This cheetah has large spots like a leopard(美洲豹) and black stripes down its back.People called the creature “king cheetah”．It is a leopard-cheetah hybrid(混合)．
1．Which of the following is TRUE about the okapi
A．It is produced by a giraffe and a zebra.
B．It was not widely known until the twentieth century.
C．Its neck is much shorter than that of a zebra.
D．It was first found in 1901.
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．People still don’t know why the king cheetah has strange markings.
B．The giraffe has a short tongue.
C．Nessie is a kind of dinosaur.
D．The decrease in forests has had a great effect on the ivory-billed woodpecker.
3．Where can one most probably find this passage
A．In a nature magazine.
B．In a travel guide.
C．In a book of fairy tales.
D．In an advertisement.
B
Butterflies, a familiar sight around the world, are disappearing now. Over the past four decades, more than 450 butterfly species have been affected by threats from climate change. In the US alone, the monarch butterfly has seen a drop of 80%, from millions of them recorded by scientists in the 1980s to only 29,000 in 2020; in 2017 scientists in Germany raised alarm bells after stressing that insects had decreased by more than 70% in 30 years.
Leading environmental organisations have been working hard to find new ways of tracking butterflies. Now, there is no long-term data available to develop effective strategies in those areas where the threat is particularly widespread. The scientists also wanted to address the big problem that long-term monitoring programmes worldwide have faced for a long time: They are focused on training locals as citizen biologists, which, although successful, requires significant and continued funding.
In Ecuador, however, scientists have taken things one step further. The study was undertaken （开展） to fight against the serious threat of dying out that so many insects—not just butterflies—are facing. They came up with a unique approach. In Yasuni National Park, one of the world's most diverse reserves, they started a monitoring project where park rangers （护林员） were trained and then performed monitoring. The rangers were able to identify sampled butterflies to species with impressive accuracy （准确性）—an 85% success rate—which was key for these monitoring programmes to be successful. The data gathered by the park rangers was so accurate that it did not significantly differ from the data collected by trained biologists in the area.
In comparison to other monitoring projects that employ individuals from the community to act as citizen biologists, which usually terminate when funding is used up, this study represents a long-term solution. Monitoring with a system already in place means that it can continue, regardless of funding.
“Our approach increases the possibility of continued monitoring in the long term by saving money,” said the lead author.“What's more, it will provide the possibility for expansion to other highly threatened and important areas for biodiversity （生物多样性） protection.” Soon, the researchers hope to expand their efforts to other parks and reserves in Ecuador and other countries.
4．The figures in the US and Germany listed in paragraph 1 intend to .
A．show the rich diversity of butterflies
B．describe the sharp fall in butterflies' number
C．stress scientists' great attention to butterflies
D．compare butterfly population decrease in different regions
5．What is monitoring programmes' long-term challenge in butterfly protection
A．The high cost of training staff.
B．The wide areas to be monitored.
C．The lack of professional trainers.
D．The difficulty of handling existing data.
6．What may be the biggest success of Yasuni National Park's project
A．Attracting biologists' attention.
B．Butterflies' being saved effectively.
C．Rangers' making accurate identification.
D．Spreading technical monitoring methods.
7．What will the researchers do in the future
A．Share their method and experience.
B．Prove long-term effects of their method.
C．Test for their approach's economic benefits.
D．Compare their results with those of other areas.
C
　　At 5:45 am, I stood in line with four armed Akashinga women. “Remain silent and please do what we say at all times,” said Nyaradzo.
　　The Akashinga women were in charge of monitoring Zimbabwe’s Phundundu Wildlife Area, a 300 sq km tract (地带) of former hunting land. Faced with poachers (偷猎者) and wild animals, these women were making a huge difference to African elephants as well as other wildlife species.
　　I took a deep breath as we moved into the darkness. After a time, we stopped suddenly and knelt down. My mind started racing… To my delight, it was a wild elephant with her baby, about 50 metres away from us. “It can be very dangerous,” one whispered to me. “We must move away slowly.” You could see the excitement on their faces. No words were needed.
　　That night, we set up camp in a remote area. Then we checked the surrounding area to recognise any threat. When we returned, we ate something and put out the fire so our location could not be found by the poachers.
　　“Wake up, Holly. We are going out to work.” I moved slowly into the darkness. We sat on the ground, waiting and looking out for poachers’ torch (火把) light. After a few minutes, one whispered, “That noise is from one of the most dangerous snakes and it is not far away.” We made our way back to the camp.
　　At 6 am, I awoke feeling relieved to have survived. This was just one day in the life there. These brave women were doing such valuable but often challenging work and making a real difference.
8．What did the author and the four women do
A．They made research. B．They went sightseeing.
C．They protected wildlife. D．They celebrated a festival.
9．Why did they move away from the elephants
A．The elephants were playing alone.
B．They had made sure the elephants were safe.
C．Their showing up would drive the elephants away.
D．The mother elephant might attack them to protect her baby.
10．Why did they put out the fire at night
A．To have a good sleep. B．To drive the poachers away in time.
C．To avoid being found by the poachers. D．To find the poachers’ torch light easily.
11．Which of the following can describe the Akashinga women’s work
A．Easy but boring. B．Annoying and frightening.
C．Interesting but challenging. D．Dangerous but worthwhile.
D
　　Some of life’s simplest mysteries can prove the hardest to solve. One such mystery is how a bird sleeps, especially while it’s on a branch.
　　The sleep cycle during our deepest sleep lasts for several minutes, but in birds, it lasts hardly 10 seconds; they will keep one part of their brain awake, which you might notice when a bird has one eye open. This will allow birds to run away from a hunt at a moment’s notice, even when they’re in the middle of a sleep.
　　To fall asleep, a bird’s body goes through a series of changes, one of which is that the muscles lose their hardness, which happens as a main result of reduced brain control of muscle movement. To stand perfectly balanced on a branch while the muscles become weak isn’t easy. Anyone who has tried to sleep while standing on a train would know this. So when a bird lowers itself, its talons (爪) automatically and involuntarily bend and hold on tightly to the branch, and until the leg is straightened, the talons will not relax. The key behind this mechanism (机制) is the bird’s flexor tendons (屈肌腱) that connect muscles to bones. The flexor tendon stretches, thus bending the bird’s toes.
　　But a recent paper found that sleeping European starlings (a common bird found in North America and Europe) don’t use the mechanism. The researchers observed that the birds bent their knees only slightly, not enough for the mechanism to kick into action. The toes, as a result, were largely unbent, and the birds balanced on the central part of their feet while they slept.
　　“Birds are varied and unique, exhibiting different bodies, physiologies, and behaviours depending on which species, genus, or family one studies. Sleep cycles differ just as widely. While we may not know the whole story yet, there is no denying that it is remarkable that birds manage this balancing act daily!” said Salama, who has a degree in life sciences and biochemistry from St.Xavier’s College, Mumbai.
12．What does the underlined word “This” in the second paragraph refer to
A．Birds’ light sleep style. B．The variation in sleep cycles.
C．Birds’ special brain structure. D．The continuation of deep sleep.
13．What is the role of flexor tendons in helping birds balance on branches
A．Enabling the power of birds’ legs.
B．Stretching to make talons bend and lock.
C．Controlling muscles’ hardness and movement.
D．Connecting muscles to strengthen their functions.
14．What can we infer from Salama’s words
A．Learning birds’ habits needs cooperation. B．Denying birds’ importance is unwise.
C．Studying birds’ sleep has challenges. D．Knowing birds’ balancing acts is useful.
15．What can be the best title for the text
A．Why Do Birds Require Less Sleep
B．Why Do European Starlings Sleep Differently
C．Why Do Sleeping Birds Have One Eye Open
D．Why Don’t Sleeping Birds Fall off Branches
第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Should We Create More National Parks to Save Endangered Animals
Don't you find it worrying that more and more species of animals are in real danger of becoming extinct？ 16 And I think the best way to do this is for the government to create more national parks.
17 If this environment is destroyed—for example, when people clear a forest for new fields, or cut down trees for making money—many animals are unable to survive, and more species are likely to become extinct.
In addition, national parks protect animals from the danger of being hunted.A major reason why many species are endangered is that the animals are killed by hunters.They hunt animals to make money. 18
On the other hand, some people fight against the creation of national parks because they consider it wrong to interfere (干扰) with nature.They believe that wild animals are happier living in their natural environment. 19 They also point out that a few species are more likely to produce young animals in the wild than in national parks.
All in all, though, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks. 20 As a matter of fact, they protect animals from their greatest enemies, that is, human beings.
A．To begin with, animals are important to humans.
B．Some hunters even hunt animals simply for sport.
C．I personally believe that we must save these animals.
D．These parks allow animals to live in a safe environment.
E．Firstly, national parks protect the animals' natural environment.
F．They say though the animals may face danger, they enjoy a free life.
G．There is a heated discussion about whether to create more national parks.
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a teenager in the 1960s, I grew up in suburbs south of Boston. I fell under the control of the very pleasantly 1 mysteries （奥秘） of the Chinese language. Someday, I told myself, I would 2 the meanings of the mysteries.
So, entering college, I decided to 3 the study of Chinese. But my small college in Maine offered no Chinese courses. Following graduation from college, I entered an evening course at a language centre for adults, and thus 4 my personal journey in the study of Chinese. That journey 5 George Washington and Georgetown universities, and after a 15-year 6, restarted in tutoring classes starting in 1999 and later in independent study at George Mason University without 7.From 1983 and through the following decades, a dozen business trips to China 8 my study of Chinese, and I experienced the amazing change of China.
In 2012, I retired. I began to attend weekly presentations about Chinese affairs sponsored （主办） by the Confucius Institute at Mason. By late 2014 this casual （偶然的） contact had led to the 9 of a Chinese reading club at the institute, which by mid-2016 had had six experienced Chinese learners who could read and discuss 10 literary works of such 11 Chinese authors as Mo Yan, Liu Zhenyun, and Su Tong.
Under the teachers' guidance, the 12 and joys of the group meetings to understand the secrets of the short stories I read, in Chinese, have brought me to a deeper understanding of China. I am personally 13 for the opportunity provided. I suggest that the Confucius Institute at Mason consider 14 the model of this reading group to others, as the world's most spoken and read language is 15 popular among the Westerners who have started the wonderful voyage of it.
21．A．relaxing B．inviting C．developing D．confusing
22．A．explain B．deepen C．uncover D．evaluate
23．A．look into B．break off C．seek out D．take up
24．A．launched B．spread C．delayed D．shared
25．A．shook off B．wound through C．set up D．lived with
26．A．interaction B．exchange C．improvement D．break
27．A．difficulties B．encouragement C．guidance D．delivery
28．A．strengthened B．started C．interrupted D．ended
29．A．formation B．break-up C．factor D．wave
30．A．serious B．advanced C．rapid D．historical
31．A．revised B．doubted C．annoyed D．respected
32．A．weaknesses B．challenges C．results D．chances
33．A．demanding B．concerned C．grateful D．anxious
34．A．promising B．cancelling C．selling D．promoting
35．A．increasingly B．discouragingly C．frighteningly D．equally
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2020, California experienced its 36 （bad） fire season on record. While Prisha Shroff was driving with her family from Los Angeles to their home, she watched the flames （火焰） through the car window.
“After I witnessed this fire, I arrived back at home only to hear about the Australian and Amazon wildfires and how the same effects of the Los Angeles fire were happening on a bigger scale （规模）.It 37 （real） proved to me that this is a global problem and there is a need for a solution 38 can prevent these wildfires,” she says.
Shroff started researching 39 （solution） but learnt that most wildfire fighting measures focus 40 spotting and putting out wildfires instead of prevention. 41 （inspire）, Shroff created a system designed to prevent wildfires, which earned her the Lemelson Award for Invention in the Broadcom MASTERS, a science 42 （compete） for middle school students.
Her artificial intelligence-based system 43 （predict） areas that are vulnerable （易受攻击的） to wildfires based on real-time data such as temperature and wind. If an area is high-risk, the system can give 44 signal to fire agencies. In the future, she'll work on 45 （improve） her AI model by adding millions of wildfire data points.
第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是李华，你校将举办中国传统戏曲进校园活动，请给外教 Tim写一封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
1.活动的时间、地点；
2.具体介绍一种戏曲。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The sun was already beginning to sink. It was Robert’s 12th birthday. But Robert was walking home alone with his eyes focusing on his worn - out shoes. Kids after school were riding by in twos and threes, ringing their bicycle bells happily. Robert didn’t raise up his head, but he knew clearly that those guys were wearing big smiles on their faces. “How lucky they are!” Robert thought to himself. He admired everyone who had his own bike. He had dreamed many times that he was one of those who were on their bikes to and from school. He really wanted a bike, especially as a gift for his 12th birthday. However, Robert was clear that his family couldn’t afford it. His parents worked hard only to meet their daily life need. Fortunately, the family lived happily together regardless of the poor condition. Robert should be satisfied with it. But he just couldn’t help feeling sad about not being able to own a bike.
When Robert got home, the house was dark and it seemed nobody was there. He walked through the silent rooms, hoping to find a sign of his family. But there was nothing, just the stillness that seemed to follow him. Just when he was about to feel sad, a soft light from the backyard caught his attention. Curious, he headed outside.
注意：
1、续写词数应为75个左右；
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Robert rushed excitedly to the yard only to find an old gray bike.
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参考答案
一、阅读
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要了介绍了一些神秘的生物。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据Okapi下的“Before 1901，okapis were known only to the people living in the Congo rainforest.”可知，霍加狓直到二十世纪才广为人知。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Ivory-Billed Woodpecker下的“By the mid-1990s，the ivory-billed woodpecker was widely believed to have died out due to deforestation(砍伐森林) and hunting.”可知，森林的减少对象牙喙啄木鸟造成了很大的影响。故选D。
3．文章出处题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，文章主要介绍了一些神秘的生物，所以本文最有可能出现在自然杂志上。故选A。
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在厄瓜多尔，科学家们想出了一种新的追踪蝴蝶的科学方法，可以节省资金，增加长期持续监测的可能性，并将为其他受到高度威胁的重要地区提供生物多样性保护的范本。
【解析】4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的In the US alone, the monarch butterfly has seen a drop of 80%… had decreased by more than 70% in 30 years.并结合本段第一句话可推知，本段列出的美国和德国的数字旨在描述蝴蝶数量的急剧下降。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的The scientists also wanted to address the big problem… requires significant and continued funding.可知，监测项目在蝴蝶保护方面的长期挑战是需要大量和持续的资金将当地人培训成生物学家，即员工培训的成本很高。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的The rangers were able to identify sampled butterflies to species with impressive accuracy—an 85% success rate—which was key for these monitoring programmes to be successful.可知，亚苏尼国家公园项目最大的成功是护林员能够准确地识别采样蝴蝶的种类。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，研究人员将来会分享他们的方法和经验给厄瓜多尔和其他国家的其他公园和保护区。故选A项。
【答案】8．C
9．D
10．C
11．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者与四位阿卡辛加的女性一起在津巴布韦的蓬顿杜野生动物保护区保护野生动物的经历。
【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Akashinga women were in charge of monitoring Zimbabwe's Phundundu Wildlife Area, a 300 sq km tract of former hunting land. Faced with poachers and wild animals, these women were making a huge difference to African elephants as well as other wildlife species.”可知,她们的主要任务是保护野生动物。故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘It can be very dangerous,' one whispered to me. ‘We must move away slowly.'”可推知,她们之所以离开大象是因为母象可能会为了保护幼崽而攻击她们。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Then we checked the surrounding area to recognise any threat. When we returned, we ate something and put out the fire so our location could not be found by the poachers.”可知,她们熄火是为了避免被偷猎者发现。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“That noise is from one of the most dangerous snakes and it is not far away.”以及第六段中的“These brave women were doing such valuable but often challenging work and making a real difference.”可知,阿卡辛加女性的工作既危险又有价值。故选D项。
【答案】12．A
13．B
14．C
15．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。鸟深度睡眠的周期短且在睡眠时会保持一半大脑清醒。文章还阐述了鸟站着睡的平衡机制及欧椋鸟的特殊情况。
【详解】12．词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知,人类的深度睡眠会持续几分钟,但鸟类的深度睡眠仅持续不到10秒,并且鸟类在睡眠时会保持一半大脑处于清醒状态,这样短暂且灵活的睡眠方式使它们即使在睡眠中也能随时逃避猎食者。画线词This在这里指代鸟类的浅睡眠方式。故选A项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“So when a bird lowers itself, its talons automatically and involuntarily bend and hold on tightly to the branch, and until the leg is straightened, the talons will not relax. The key behind this mechanism is the bird's flexor tendons that connect muscles to bones. The flexor tendon stretches, thus bending the bird's toes.”可知,当鸟类弯下身时,它的爪子会不由自主地自动弯曲,紧紧抓住树枝,除非腿部伸直才会放开。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,萨拉马认为:鸟类种类繁多且独特,所以会展现出不同的身体特征、生理结构和行为。同时,它们的睡眠周期同样复杂,我们尚未了解全部情况,即研究鸟类睡眠是有挑战的。故选C项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是根据第一段中的 “One such mystery is how a bird sleeps, especially while it's on a branch.”可知,文章主要解释了鸟类在树上睡觉时不会掉下来的原因。故选D项。
【答案】
16．C
17．E
18．B
19．F
20．D
【详解】本文是一篇议论文。作者建议建立更多的国家公园来保护濒临灭绝的动物，并阐述了理由。
16．空前一句提到越来越多的动物濒临灭绝，空后一句And I think the best way to do this is for the government to create more national parks.提出改善此情况的建议，C项(我个人认为我们必须拯救这些动物)表达作者的观点，引出后一句对此的具体建议，符合语境；
17．设空处为本段主旨句，空后内容指出如果自然环境被破坏，许多动物会灭绝，E项中的protect the animals' natural environment与本段主题对应，且E项中的Firstly与下两段中的In addition和On the other hand呼应。故选E项；
18．本段说明国家公园可以保护动物免被猎杀，并说明了猎人猎杀动物的一个原因是从中获利，B项说明了猎人猎杀动物的另一个原因，承接上文，故选B项；
19．本段第一句指出有一些人反对建立国家公园；空前一句指出这些人认为野生动物在自然环境中生活更快乐。F项(他们说尽管这些动物可能会面临危险，但是它们享受自由的生活)承接上文，进一步阐述这些人的理由，故选F项；
20．由空前的All in all, though, these disadvantages are far less important than the benefits of national parks.可知，作者认为建立国家公园好处远大于坏处，空后一句表明，国家公园可以保护动物免受人类的伤害。D项(这些公园使动物生活在一个安全的环境中)承上启下，表明作者的观点，故选D项。
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．D
24．A
25．B
26．D
27．C
28．A
29．A
30．B
31．D
32．B
33．C
34．D
35．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者自己从小与汉语结缘，成年和退休后继续学习汉语的故事。
【解析】21．根据设空处前的very pleasantly及下文学习汉语的经历可知，作者从小就被汉语的神秘魅力深深吸引住了。inviting意为“吸引人的”，故选B项。
22．根据上文可知，作者被汉语的神秘魅力吸引；再根据下文的the meanings of the mysteries可知，此处指作者要揭开这些谜团的意义。故选C项。
23．根据上文可知，作者要揭开汉语的奥秘，所以此处指作者进入大学后，决定开始学习汉语。故选D项。look into意为“调查”；break off意为“突然中止”；seek out意为“找出；找到”；take up意为“开始做”。
24．根据上文的I entered an evening course at a language centre for adults可知，作者参加了一个成人语言中心的夜校，开始了自己的汉语学习之旅。launch意为“开始从事”，故选A项。
25．下文提到了George Washington and Georgetown universities两个大学及restarted in tutoring classes可知，作者学习汉语的旅程非常曲折。故选B项。shake off意为“摆脱”；wind through意为“曲折前行”；set up意为“建立；成立”；live with意为“忍受，容忍”。
26．根据下文的restarted in tutoring classes starting in 1999可知，此处指中断了15年之后，1999年起重新开始在辅导班上中文课程。故选D项。
27．根据上文的later in independent study可知，此处指后来作者在没有指导的情况下在乔治梅森大学独立学习。
28．根据上文的a dozen business trips to China可知，十几次到中国出差加强了作者的汉语学习。故选A项。
29．根据下文的a Chinese reading club及上文作者参加了一系列关于汉语学习的活动可知，此处指成立了汉语读书俱乐部。故选A项。
30．根据上文的six experienced Chinese learners可知，六位有经验的汉语学习者能够阅读和讨论莫言、刘震云和苏童等受人尊敬的中国作家的高级文学作品。故选B项。
31．根据下文的Chinese authors as Mo Yan, Liu Zhenyun, and Su Tong及常识可知，莫言、刘震云和苏童是受人尊敬的中国作家。故选D项。
32．根据下文的to understand the secrets of the short stories I read并结合选项可知，学习语言既有趣又富有挑战性。
33．根据上文的have brought me to a deeper understanding of China可知，作者个人非常感激所提供的机会。故选C项。
34．根据下文的as the world's most spoken and read language ispopular among the Westerners可知，作者建议乔治梅森孔子学院考虑将这个阅读小组的模式推广给其他孔子学院。故选D项。
35．根据下文的popular among the Westerners who have started the wonderful voyage of it可知，因为汉语作为世界上说得最多、读得最多的语言，越来越受到已经开始了奇妙汉语学习旅程的西方人的欢迎。故选A项。
【答案】36．worst
37．really
38．which/that
39．solutions
40．on/upon
41．Inspired
42．competition
43．predicts
44．a
45．improving
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了普里沙·什罗夫目睹洛杉矶严重的火灾后，创建了一个基于人工智能的系统来预防野火的故事。
【解析】36．句意为：2020年，加利福尼亚州经历了有史以来最严重的火灾季节。根据on record可知，此处表示“有史以来最严重的火灾季”，表示最高级含义，故设空处应用形容词的最高级。故填worst。
37．句意为：这真的向我证明了这是一个全球性的问题，我们需要一个解决方案来预防这些野火。设空处作状语，修饰动词proved，应用副词。故填really。
38．句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰solution，先行词指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导该从句。
39．句意为：什罗夫开始研究解决方案，但她了解到，大多数应对野火的措施都侧重于发现和扑灭野火，而不是预防。solution在此意为“解决方法”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且其前无限定词修饰，结合语境可知，此处表示不止一个解决办法，故用复数形式。故填solutions。
40．句意见上一题解析。focus on/upon为固定搭配，意为“集中于；聚焦于”。故填on/upon。
41．句意为：受到启发，什罗夫创造了一个旨在预防野火的系统，并因此赢得了一项面向中学生的科学竞赛博通大师赛的“勒梅尔森发明奖”。主句中已有谓语created，设空处与其之间无连词连接，故应用非谓语形式作状语，inspire与Shroff之间为逻辑上的被动关系，表示“受到启发”，应用过去分词，表示动作已完成。故填Inspired。
42．句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知，a science for middle school students作the Broadcom MASTERS的同位语，且设空处被不定冠词a修饰，应用名词单数形式，science为名词作定语，此处表示“科学竞赛”，故填competition。
43．句意为：她的基于人工智能的系统根据温度和风力等实时数据预测易发生野火的地区。此处为主句谓语动词，根据从句中的are可知，该主句时态为一般现在时；主句主语为system，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；system与predict之间为主动关系，用主动语态。故填predicts。
44．句意为：如果一个地区风险高，该系统可以向消防机构发出信号。设空处修饰单数可数名词signal，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，故填a。
45．句意为：未来，她将通过添加数百万个野火数据点来努力改进她的人工智能模型。设空处作介词on的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填improving。
46．【答案】
Dear Tim,
Our school will hold a campus activity to introduce traditional Chinese operas. It will be held in the school auditorium at 8:00 am. next Friday. I can’t wait to invite you to appreciate diverse, time-honored traditional operas, especially Peking Opera.
Dating back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. With an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments, the main characters will come on the stage and do exaggerated movements and mime, wearing amazing costumes and masks.
If you’re eager to see an opera that combines music, singing, drama, poetry and costume design with explosive effect, Peking Opera will tick all the right boxes! Join us and enjoy it together!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Tim写一封邮件，告知你校将举办中国传统戏曲进校园活动，邀请他来参加。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
举办：hold→host/take place
尤其：especially→particularly
传统的：traditional→conventional
影响：effect→influence
2.句式拓展
合并简单句为复合句
原句：Our school will hold a campus activity to introduce traditional Chinese operas. It will be held in the school auditorium at 8:00 am. next Friday.
拓展句：Our school will hold a campus activity to introduce traditional Chinese operas, which will be held in the school auditorium at 8:00 am. next Friday.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Dating back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]If you’re eager to see an opera that combines music, singing, drama, poetry and costume design with explosive effect, Peking Opera will tick all the right boxes! (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
47．【答案】范文：
Robert rushed excitedly to the yard only to find an old gray bike. He couldn’t believe his eyes. Was this a birthday present Just then, his parents came out from behind the house with big smiles. “Happy birthday, son!” they said. Robert was so happy that he hugged them tightly. He then carefully examined the bike. Though it was old, it looked well maintained. His father said, “We found it in a second hand store and fixed it up. Do you like it ” Robert nodded vigorously. From that day on, the bike became his most precious possession. He rode it to school every day, feeling like he was on top of the world. And whenever he saw the bike, he would remember the love and effort his parents had put into making his birthday wish come true.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了家境贫寒的罗伯特渴望一辆自行车作为12岁生日礼物，因深知家庭条件而暗自失落，回家后意外发现惊喜的故事。
【详解】1、段落续写：
由续写开头句“罗伯特兴奋地冲到院子里，却发现了一辆旧的灰色自行车。”可知，接下来需描写罗伯特看到自行车的惊喜反应，引出父母的出现并解释自行车的由来，展现父母的用心，同时体现罗伯特的感动与珍惜，呼应前文的生日心愿。
2、续写线索
发现旧自行车惊喜失神——父母现身送上生日祝福——父亲解释自行车的来历（二手修复）——罗伯特感动拥抱父母——承诺珍惜这份礼物——自行车成为爱的象征
3、词汇激活
行为类
①检查：examine/check over
②修复：fix up/repair
③拥抱：hug/embrace
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/ delighted
②精神旺盛的：vigorously / energetically
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