资源简介

Part Ⅱ　Using language
Ⅰ.高频词汇及变形
1．________ v．持续；延伸→extension n．持续；延伸
2．________ adj.能；能干的；有能力的→ably adv.能干地→________ n．能力；才能；本领→disabled adj.残疾的→________ n．残疾，残障
3．________ n．感受；意识；理解力；见识；理智；意义 v．感觉到→senseless adj.失去知觉的；无意义的→sensible adj.明智的；合理的；可察觉到的→________ adj.敏感的，容易生气的
4．________ adj.慷慨的，大方的→generosity n．慷慨；大方
5．________ v．犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n．犹豫；迟疑
6．________ v．帮助；援助→________ n．帮助，援助→assistant n．助手；助理 adj.助理的；副的
7．________ v．登记；注册→________ n．登记，注册
8．________ v．证明；证实→________ n．证实，证明
Ⅱ.熟记重要短语
①take up 开始从事
②live with 忍受，容忍
③make wise decisions 做出明智的决定
④be confident about 对……有信心
⑤come up with 想出
⑥a sense of humor 幽默感
⑦cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来
⑧come across 偶然遇见
⑨not only...but also... 不仅……而且……
⑩play an important role in 在……中起重要作用
help out 帮忙；解决困难
be involved in 参与……，卷入……
1)sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的；体贴的，善解人意的)
(教材原句)He's sensitive and rather serious, which sometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish.
他敏感而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点儿书生气。
(应用文之人物介绍)My friend Li Hua is very sensitive to other people's feelings.我的朋友李华很能体谅他人的感情。
One way of showing fellow feeling is teasing people gently. People liked to be joshed, but not about anything sensitive.
有一种与人打成一片的方式就是礼貌地和别人开玩笑。人们喜欢开玩笑，只要不是敏感的话题。
[考点归纳]
be sensitive to 对……敏感的/体恤的
be sensitive about 对……很在意的/容易生气的
[即学即练]　写出下列黑体词的含义/单句语法填空
①—I can't understand why he should have been so annoyed. I meant no offence (冒犯).
—It's typical of him to be sensitive.____________
②She just lost the game yesterday. Make sure that you are sensitive to her feelings.____________
③The elderly need special care in winter, as they are very sensitive to the sudden changes in the weather.____________
④Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more sensitive ________ emotional and relationship problems.
2)generous adj.慷慨的，大方的)
(教材原句)She's usually very shy, but she's generous and never hesitates to help.她通常很害羞，但很慷慨，帮助别人从不犹豫。
(应用文之人物介绍)Although he is not rich, he is generous to his friends in trouble.他虽然不富有，但却对困难的朋友很慷慨。
Jim is very generous with his time.
吉姆很不吝惜他的时间。
[考点归纳]
(1)be generous with sth. 不吝惜某物
be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨
It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是慷慨大方
be generous in doing sth. 在做某事方面慷慨
(2)generously adv. 慷慨地；大方地
generosity n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The old man is always generous ________ the disabled children, contributing ________ (generous) to the Hope Project.
②He was generous ________ his time, for which I was grateful.
③The young man is always so helpful that he treats others with ________ (generous).
④你真慷慨，在我们有困难的时候伸出了援助之手。
(应用文之感谢信)________________________________ us a hand when we are in trouble.
3)hesitate v. 迟疑，犹豫)
(教材原句)She's usually very shy, but she's generous and never hesitates to help.她通常很害羞，但很慷慨，帮助别人从不犹豫。
(应用文之告知信)Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any question.如有任何疑问，请尽管和我联系。
The Mullers gave their phone number to the street people without hesitation and told them to phone anytime.
穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上(需要帮助)的人，并告诉他们可以随时打电话。
[考点归纳]
(1)hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 迟疑，犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth. 很乐意做某事
(3)hesitant adj. 犹豫的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①The rich man is so generous that he often doesn't hesitate ____________ (help) others.
②Her ________ (hesitate) expression suggested that she was in a dilemma.
③(读后续写之动作描写)听到这个消息，他毫不犹豫地冲进房间。
Hearing the news, he __________________________________________．(hesitation)
＝Hearing the news, _____________________________．(hesitate)
4)assistance n．帮助，援助)
(教材原句)In China, volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in environmental protection, disability assistance and many other fields.在中国，志愿者在环境保护、残疾人救助及许多其他领域也正发挥着越来越重要的作用。
(应用文之感谢信)In this letter, I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your assistance.
对于您的帮助，我想在这封信中表达对您衷心的感谢。
You will be required to assist Professor Smith in preparing a report.
你需要协助史密斯教授准备一份报告。
[考点归纳]
(1)with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下
come/go to one's assistance 来/去帮助某人
(2)assist vt. 帮助；协助；援助
assist sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
assist sb. to do/in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
(3)assistant n. 助手，助理；售货员
adj. 助理的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical ________ (assist).
②Kalan called his ________ (assist), Hashim, to take over while he went out.
③Hearing the news, all the friends came ________ his assistance.
④(应用文之求助信)我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。
I'm wondering if you could ____________ the suitable topics for the class meeting.(assist...in)
＝I'm wondering if you could _________ the suitable topics for the class meeting.(assist...to)
过去分词作定语(ed as attributive)
自主探索
观察以下教材原句并思考黑体部分的功能。
1．Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher.
2．In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.
3．He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.
4．Many inspired people gave him their support.
5．This insight grew from the determined attitude of a sixyearold boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.
[归纳填空]　①过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词之间为________关系，表示被动或完成。
②过去分词短语作定语放到所修饰词的________面。
③一般情况下，单个的过去分词作定语放到所修饰词的________面。
④以上句子中，已经形容词化的过去分词有__________________________________。
精要点拨
过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词、形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。过去分词通常与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系，表示被动或完成。
一、过去分词作定语的位置
1．前置定语
一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，放在所修饰词之前。
Many used computers will be sold in this market.很多二手电脑将在这个市场出售。
[名师点津]
(1)有些过去分词表示特定含义，单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)、given(所给的)、concerned(有关的)等。
There were a couple of seats left at the back.
后面还剩几个位子。
(2)如果被修饰的词是指示代词those或something、everything、anything、nothing、nobody等不定代词，单个的过去分词作定语要放在这些词的后面。
He is one of those invited.
他是那些被邀请的人之一。
2．后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2021.
＝To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study which was conducted in Australia in 2021.
回到水污染的问题上，我想让你看一下2021年在澳大利亚做过的一项研究。
[名师点津]
有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置，意义不变，但有些过去分词置于被修饰词前后的位置不同，则意义也不相同。
The method used is very efficient.
所用的这个方法很有效。
This is a used car worth only 5，000 yuan.
这是一辆只值5 000元的二手车。
二、过去分词作定语的意义
1．及物动词的过去分词作定语，具有完成和被动两层含义。
①表示被动。
an honoured guest 一位受尊敬的客人
respected leaders受人尊敬的领导
②表示被动和完成。
the broken glass碎了的杯子
the question discussed yesterday昨天被讨论的问题
2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作的完成，无被动之意。
the fallen leaves＝the leaves that have fallen落叶
a retired worker＝a worker that has retired
一位退休工人
三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别
Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.
吉姆已经退休了，但他仍然记得和他的学生们一起度过的快乐时光。
Who is the man working there
在那儿工作的那个人是谁？
The bike being repaired is mine.
正在修的自行车是我的。
Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing
你想见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Don't ________(犹豫) to make frank comments or suggestions if you have any.
2．The Queen sent the Royal Medical Institution to get confirmation and provide ________ (援助).
3．With this ________ (使命), the volunteers did not hesitate to donate money to the foundation.
4．Many ________ (疾病), such as various cancers and disabilities, have occurred in this territory.
5．Experts say this disease may ________ (蔓延) to other territories.
6．They were ________ (慷慨的) enough to provide assistance for the disaster area.
7．________ (癌症) is a serious disease in which cells in a person's body increase rapidly in an uncontrolled way, producing abnormal growths.
8．You are ________ (敏感的) about others' diseases, being afraid of suffering the same.
9．A girl with ________ (残疾) may feel embarrassed when someone offers assistance to her.
10．The patient filled in the ________ (登记) form to get medical treatment.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The park was full of people, ________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
2．He can walk only with the ________ (assist) of crutches.
3．The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ________ (return) to our shop for quality problems.
4．You cannot accept an opinion ________ (offer) to you unless it is based on facts.
5．The ________ (puzzle) expression on his face showed that the question was puzzling.
6．The student likes reading stories ________ (write) by Mark Twain.
7．Many ________ (use) computers will be sold in this market.
8．The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders ________ (design) to kill snakes.
9．The concert ________ (give) by their friends was a great success.
Ⅲ.句型转换(用非谓语动词改写下列句子)
1．We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that changed.
→We must adapt our thinking to ________________________________．
2．The story which/that was written by a little boy is popular in schools.
→The story ________________________ is popular in schools.
3．The man who had retired was much interested in painting.
→________________ was much interested in painting.
4．Nothing that was reported interested him.
→________________ interested him.
5．The student who is dressed in blue is my son.
→The student ________________ is my son.
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（五）
Part Ⅱ　Using language
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.高频词汇及变形
1．extend　2.able; ability; disability　3.sense; sensitive
4．generous　5.hesitate　6.assist; assistance　7.register; registration　8.confirm; confirmation
要点精研·考点突破
1．①敏感的，易生气的　②体贴的　③(对光、食物等)敏感的
④to
2．①to; generously　②with　③generosity　④It's generous of you to lend
3．①to help　②hesitant　③rushed into the room without hesitation; he didn't hesitate to rush into the room
4．①assistance　②assistant　③to　④assist me in choosing; assist me to choose
语法精讲·核心突破
[归纳填空]　①动宾　②后　③前　④delighted, inspired和determined
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．hesitate　2.assistance　3.mission　4.diseases　5.extend　6.generous　7.Cancer　8.sensitive　9.disabilities　10.registration
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．enjoying　2.assistance　3.returned　4.offered　5.puzzled
6．written　7.used　8.designed　9.given
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．the changed conditions　2.written by a little boy
3．The retired man　4.Nothing reported　5.dressed in blueUnit 2单元基础知识汇总
本单元词汇
[黑体部分为重点单词]
contribution/ k ntrI'bju ( )n/n. 贡献
relief/r 'li f/n. 减轻，缓解
shortage/' t d /n. 短缺，不足，缺乏
internal/ n't nl/adj. 内部的
effective/ 'fekt v/adj. 有效的，产生预期效果的
fund/f nd/v. 为……提供资金，资助
recycle/ ri 'sɑ k( )l/v. 再利用，回收利用
fountain/'fɑ nt n/n. 喷水池
earn/ n/v. 挣(钱)
donate/d 'ne t/v. 捐赠，捐献
foundation/fa n'deI ( )n/n. 基金会
insight/' nsa t/n. 顿悟，猛醒
perseverance/ p sI'vI r ns/n. 不屈不挠，坚持不懈
reality/ri' l ti/n. 真实，现实
⑧对比　found v．→foundation n.
创立(found)基金会(foundation)
⑨拆分　in＋sight→insight n．顿悟，猛醒
⑩派生　persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈＋ance→perseverance n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈
ance名词后缀：性质、状态、行为
派生　real adj.真实的，实际存在的＋ity
→reality n．真实，现实
ity名词后缀：性质、情况、状态Ｋ
extend/Ik'stend/v. 持续；延伸
mission/'mI ( )n/n. 职责；使命
disease/dI'zi z/n. 疾病，病
disability/ dIs 'bIlIti/n. 残疾，残障
territory/'terIt( )ri/n. 地区，地方
sensitive/'sensItIv/adj. 敏感的，容易生气的
generous/'d en( )r s/adj. 慷慨的，大方的
hesitate/'hezIteIt/v. 迟疑，犹豫
cancer/'k ns /n. 癌症
royal/'r I l/adj. 王室的，皇家的
institution/ InstI'tju ( )n/n. 机构，团体
assistance/ 'sIst( )ns/n. 帮助，援助
registration/ red I'streI ( )n/n.
登记，注册
confirmation/ k nf 'meI ( )n/n. 证实，证明
④派生　sense n．感觉＋itive→sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的
itive形容词后缀：有……性质的
⑤对比　general n．→generous adj.
这位将军(general)很慷慨(generous)
⑥对比　loyal adj.→royal adj.
这个忠诚的(loyal)士兵是王室(royal)成员
⑦派生　assist v．＋ance→assistance n．帮助，援助
ance名词后缀：性质、状态、行为
⑧派生　register v．记录，登记＋ation→registration n．登记，注册
⑨派生　confirm v．证实，证明＋ation→confirmation n．证实，证明
ation名词后缀：行为、状态、结果Ｋ
Nazi/'nɑ tsi/n. 纳粹党员，纳粹分子
Jewish/'d u I /adj. 犹太人的，犹太教的
aid/eId/v. 帮助，援助
temporary/'temp( )r ri/adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的
military/'mIlIt( )ri/n. 军队
achievement/ 't i vm nt/n. 成绩，成就
knighthood/'naIth d/n. (英国的)爵士封号或头衔
chief/t i f/adj. 最高级别的，首席的
major/'meId /adj. 重要的，主要的
treatment/'tri tm nt/n. 治疗；疗法
obtain/ b'teIn/v. 获得，得到
drug/dr g/n. 药物，药材
certificate/s 'tIfIk t/n. 证明书，证书
ministry/'mInIstri/n. (政府的)部
further/'f /adj. 更多的，附加的
②串联　aid v．→kid n．→rid v．→lid n.
帮助(aid)小孩(kid)除去(rid)盖子(lid)
③派生　achieve v．实现；取得，达到＋ment→achievement n．成绩，成就
ment名词后缀：行为、行为的过程或结果
④派生　knight n．爵士＋hood→knighthood n．(英国的)爵士封号或头衔
hood名词后缀：时期、状态、性质、范围
⑤对比　chef n．→chief adj.
他是首席(chief)厨师长(chef)
⑥派生　treat v．治疗，医治＋ment→treatment n．治疗；疗法
ment名词后缀：行为、行为的过程或结果
⑦对比　father n．父亲→further adj.更多的，附加的Ｋ
本单元短语
1．be under control 被控制住
2．earn money 挣钱
3．go public 公开，公之于众
4．be grateful to sb. 感激某人
5．break into a smile 突然笑了起来
6．rise to one's feet 站起身来
7．take up 从事
8．hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
9．come up with 想出，想到
10．come across 偶然遇见
11．be involved in 参与……，卷入……
12．keep records of 记录
13．at one point 曾经，在某一时刻
14．bring...to public attention使……引起公众的注意
15．pass away 去世
16．in honour of 纪念
17．be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事
Ⅰ.单词
1．________ v. 为……提供资金，资助
2．________ v. 再利用，回收利用
3．________ v. 挣(钱)
4．________ n. 基金会
5．________ n. 真实，现实
6．________ n. 职责；使命
7．________ n. 疾病，病
8．________ adj. 敏感的，容易生气的
9．________ n. 地区，地方
10．________ n. 登记，注册
11．________ n. 证实，证明
12．________ v. 帮助，援助
13．________ adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的
14．________ n. 军队
15．________ adj. 最高级别的，首席的
16．________ v. 获得，得到
17．________ n. 药物，药材
18．________ n. 证明书，证书
19．________ n. (政府的)部
20．________ adj. 更多的，附加的
21．________ n．贡献→________ v．贡献，促使
22．________ n．减轻，缓解→________ v．缓解
23．________ n．短缺，不足，缺乏→________ adj.短的
24．________ adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→________ n．效果
25．________ v．捐赠，捐献→________ n．捐赠(物)
26．________ v．持续；延伸→________ n．延长
27．________ n．残疾，残障→________ adj.残疾的
28．________ adj.慷慨的，大方的→________ n．慷慨
29．________ n．帮助，援助→________ v．帮助
30．________ n．成绩，成就→________ v．实现
31．________ adj.重要的，主要的→________ n．大多数
32．________ n．治疗；疗法→________ v．治疗
Ⅱ.短语
1．________________ 做某事有困难
2．________________ 有影响，使不同
3．________________ 对……心存感激
4．________________ 突然笑起来
5．________________ 在控制中
6．________________ 决定做某事
7．________________ 使他的梦想成为现实
8．________________ 从……获益
9．________________ 结果是
10．________________ 站起身来
11．________________ 记录
12．________________ 曾经
13．________________ 使……引起公众的注意
14．________________ 去世
15．________________ 使振作起来
16．________________ 对……自信
Ⅲ.句式结构
1．so...that...句型。
And why is the water ________________ it makes them sick
为什么水这么脏以至于让他们生病了？
2．not...but...不是……而是……
Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is ____________________“Why don't I help？”， ____________________ “How can I help today？”．
现在作为一个成年人，瑞安说要问的问题不是“我为什么不帮助他们？”而是“我今天该如何去帮助他们？”。
3．“By＋时间点”与完成时连用。
By August 1939, Winton ____________________ 669 children.
到1939年8月，温顿已经救了669个孩子。
4．as引导的方式状语从句。
____________________， “A kindhearted person lives a long life.”
正如中国有句俗语所说的，“善良的人长寿。”
5．“on＋doing...”一……就……
________________________， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
一毕业，温顿就在德国和法国的银行工作。
温馨提示：请完成单元素养提升(二)
　单元检测卷(二)
Unit 2　单元基础知识汇总
单元评价·自查自纠
Ⅰ.单词
1．fund　2.recycle　3.earn　4.foundation　5.reality
6．mission　7.disease　8.sensitive　9.territory
10．registration　11.confirmation　12.aid　13.temporary　14.military　15.chief　16.obtain　17.drug　18.certificate　19.ministry　20.further　21.contribution; contribute
22．relief; relieve　23.shortage; short　24.effective; effect　25.donate; donation　26.extend; extension　27.disability; disabled　28.generous; generosity　29.assistance; assist　30.achievement; achieve　31.major; majority　32.treatment; treat
Ⅱ.短语
1．have trouble doing sth.　2.make a difference　3.be grateful to　4.break into a smile　5.under control　6.be determined to do sth.　7.make his dream a reality　8.benefit from
9．turn out　10.rise to one's feet　11.keep records of　12.at one point　13.bring...to public attention　14.pass away　15.cheer up　16.be confident about
Ⅲ.句式结构
1．so dirty that　2.not; but　3.had saved　4.As the Chinese saying goes　5.On leaving schoolPart Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．高频词汇及变形
①________ v. 为……提供资金，资助
②________ v. 挣(钱)
③________ v. 再利用，回收利用
④________ v．贡献；撰稿；捐献→________ n．贡献；稿件
⑤________ n．减轻，缓解→relieve v．减轻；缓解
⑥________ adj.短的；缺乏的；简略的；缩写的→shorten v．缩短；变短→________ n．短缺，不足，缺乏
⑦________ n．结果；效应；影响→________ adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effectively adv.有效地→efficient adj.有效率的；有能力的→efficiency n．效率；效能
⑧________ v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐赠；捐款；捐赠物
⑨________ v．坚持；孜孜以求→________ n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈
⑩________ adj.真实的；真正的→________n．真实，现实→really adv.真实地；确实；当真→realistic adj.现实的；实际的；逼真的
2．低频词汇知其意
(　　)①internal A．n.喷水池
(　　)②fountain B．n.基金会
(　　)③foundation C．adj.内部的
(　　)④insight D．n.顿悟，猛醒
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．________________ 做某事有困难
2．________________ 公之于世，公开(秘密等)
3．________________ 对……心存感激
4．________________ 有影响；使不同
5．________________ 突然笑起来
6．________________ 在控制中
7．be determined to do sth. ________________
8．set up ________________
9．make his dream a reality ________________
10．benefit from ________________
11．turn out ________________
12．persuade sb. to do sth. ________________
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．that引导同位语从句
作为一名6岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信他的老师所说的话——许多非洲发展中国家的人喝不到足够的干净的水。
As a sixyearold Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher
________________________________________________________________________.
2．so...that...引导结果状语从句
为什么水这么脏以至于让他们生病了？
And why is the water ________________ it makes them sick
3．What引导主语从句
他们需要的是在他们家附近建一口井。
________________ was a well dug near their homes.
4．“介词＋which”引导定语从句
几个月后，瑞安筹集了2 000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达一所小学附近建了一口井。
After several months, Ryan had raised the $2，000，________________ a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．Fill in the blanks.
2．The main idea of the passage is that ________ built ________ to help solve the problems of ________________ in Africa.
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．What was wrong with the water in some developing African countries
A．The countries were too dry to have enough water.
B．The wells were too far away and the water was dirty.
C．People didn't want to walk to fetch water.
D．People used too much water and polluted it.
2．How much does it cost to build a well
A．70 dollars.
B．2，000 dollars.
C．800，000 dollars.
D．1，300 dollars.
3．How did Ryan raise more dollars
A．By cleaning windows and doing gardening.
B．By persuading his classmates and neighbours to donate money.
C．By making his story go public.
D．By encouraging people to help.
4．How can we describe the Canadian boy
A．Helpful and determined.
B．Joyful and warmhearted.
C．Hardworking and grateful.
D．Delighted and generous.
5．Which of the following statements is the best explanation of the title
A．Ryan was determined to give up his plan to build a well in Africa.
B．The well built by Ryan solved the problem of worldwide water shortage.
C．The more wells you dig, the better the world will be.
D.The well built by Ryan encouraged more people to help make the world a better place.
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1.
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
2.
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
3.
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
1．Find the sentences to describe the mood.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Find the sentences to show people's perseverance.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[词汇积累]
①have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
②fountain/'fa ntIn/ n．喷水池
drinking fountain (设于公共场所的)喷泉式饮水器
③at first起初，最开始
④earn/ n/v.挣(钱)
earn money 挣钱
⑤well n．井
⑥do gardening做园艺工作
⑦target n．目标
⑧charity n．慈善机构
⑨hand pump手压泵，手摇泵
⑩dig v．挖，凿
give up 放弃
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
persuade v．劝说
persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做某事
donate/d 'neIt/ v．捐赠，捐献
go public 公之于众，宣扬出去
raise v．筹集
no longer 不再
grateful adj.感激的
be grateful to sb. 感激某人
delighted adj.高兴的，快乐的
turn out (为看热闹)蜂拥而出
make a difference 有影响，使不同
break into a smile 突然笑起来
set up 建立
foundation
/fa n'deI ( )n/ n．基金会
go on 继续
benefit from... 从……中获益
not...but... 不是……而是……
insight/'insaIt/n.顿悟，猛醒
perseverance
/ p sI'vI r ns/n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈
reality/ri' lIti/n.真实，现实
make sth. a reality 使……成为现实，实现……
[教材原文]
The Well That Changed the World
As a sixyearold Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing① the words spoken by his teacher【1】 that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water【2】. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain②. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water【3】 every day And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick【4】？” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don't I help？”
【1】spoken by his teacher为过去分词短语，在句中作后置定语，修饰名词the words。
【2】that引导同位语从句，作名词the words的同位语。
【3】不定式短语to get water作目的状语。
【4】本句为so...that...句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，其中that引导结果状语从句。
At first③， his plan was to earn④ money to build a single well⑤ somewhere in Africa【5】. He cleaned windows and did gardening⑥ for his family and neighbours. He soon reached his first target⑦ of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity⑧【6】， he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well【7】. Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump⑨. Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn't help the children 【8】. What they needed was a well dug⑩ near their homes 【9】．
【5】本句中不定式短语to earn money作表语；to build a single well somewhere in Africa作目的状语。
【6】when引导时间状语从句。
【7】that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，可以省略。句中it作形式主语，不定式短语to build a well为真正的主语。
【8】that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，可以省略。
【9】What引导主语从句，What在从句中作宾语；dug near their homes为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a well。
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn't give up . He was determined to help other children have clean water. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public . After several months, Ryan had raised the $2，000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda【10】. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water【11】. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
【10】with which引导定语从句，修饰$2，000。
【11】to get water为不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。
In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him【12】. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile .
【12】who引导定语从句，修饰名词students, who在从句中作主语，指人。
Later, Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help【13】. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan's foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on . Today, over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the lifechanging gift of clean, safe water.
【13】to encourage more people to help为不定式短语作目的状语。
Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”， but “How can I help today？”. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a sixyearold boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality 【14】．
【14】who引导定语从句，修饰名词a sixyearold boy, who在从句中作主语，指人。
[课文译文]
改变世界的井
作为一名6岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信他的老师所说的话——许多非洲发展中国家的人喝不到足够的干净的水。他看了看教室对面的喷泉式饮水器。它离他很近，只有十步之遥。所以，瑞安自问：“为什么有些非洲孩子每天要走10公里才能取到水？为什么水这么脏以至于让他们生病了？”年幼的瑞安想：“生活对我来说很容易，但对那些人来说很难。我为什么不帮忙呢？”
起初，他的计划是挣钱在非洲某地建一口井。通过给家人和邻居擦窗户和做园艺，他很快就达到了挣70美元的第一个目标，但是当他把钱捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知建一口井实际上需要2 000美元。70美元只够买一个手摇泵。瑞安明白手摇泵帮不了孩子们。他们需要的是一口在家附近挖的井。
2 000美元是一大笔钱，但瑞安没有放弃。他决心帮助其他孩子喝上干净的水。他开始向同学和邻居求助，并劝说他们捐款。与此同时，在瑞安母亲的一位朋友的帮助下，他的故事为公众所知了。几个月后，瑞安筹集了2 000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达一所小学附近建了一口井。学校的孩子们不再需要步行几个小时去取水了。他们很感激他，邀请他来参观。
在乌干达，瑞安最终亲眼看到了这口已完工的井。但这并不是全部。他还看到成百上千的兴高采烈的学生过来欢迎他。他们高兴地唱歌跳舞。有些人甚至给他食物和礼物。起初瑞安很紧张，但很快他就感到非常温暖。他真的给这些孩子带来了改变。他突然开心地笑了起来。
后来，瑞安的经历促使他成立了一个基金会来鼓励更多的人伸出援手。许多受鼓舞的人支持他。瑞安的基金会继续吸引越来越多的人的支持，所以建造更多井的事业可以继续下去。今天，这份能改变人一生的礼物——干净、卫生的水——已经惠及了非洲16个国家的80多万人。
现在，作为一个成年人，瑞安说要问的问题不是“我为什么不帮助他们？”而是“我今天该如何去帮助他们？”。这种领悟源于一个6岁男孩的坚定态度，他有勇气和毅力实现他自己的梦想。
1)contribution n．贡献；捐款；定期缴款；促成作用；稿件)
(应用文之人物介绍)Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize for her outstanding contributions that she made to medicine.
屠呦呦因在医学上的杰出贡献而获得诺贝尔奖。
Finally, some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement in English.
最后，一些好的英语学习网站对我英语水平的提高起了很大作用。
It is an honour to be invited to contribute to your literature magazine.能应邀为你们的文学杂志写稿我感到非常荣幸。
[考点归纳]
(1)make contributions/a contribution to/towards (doing)... 对……作出贡献
(2)contribute v. 贡献，捐赠；投稿
contribute...to/towards... (把……)贡献给……；(向……)捐款；投稿
contribute to 促成，导致；有助于；是……的原因
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I am firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to ________ (build) a warm and harmonious society.
②Failure can make a positive ________ (contribute) to your life once you learn to use it.
③It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum ________ the charity.
④就我而言，每个人都应该为保护环境做出贡献。
(应用文之环境保护)As far as I am concerned, everyone should ______________________________________ the environment.
2)relief n. 减轻，缓解；宽慰，宽心)
(教材原句)The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried, is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed.
在病人的皮肤被仔细地清洗和晾干之后，病人所感受到的放松和舒适是在病床上最常被观察到的现象之一。
To my relief, it was through this run that David became much stronger.令我感到欣慰的是，正是通过这次跑步戴维强壮多了。
(读后续写之情感描写)It was a great relief to find that my family were all safe.发现我的家人都安然无恙，我感到了极大的欣慰。
[考点归纳]
(1)to one's (great) relief/much to one's relief令某人感到(大为)欣慰的是
in relief 轻松地
What a relief! 可轻松了！
It's a relief to do sth. 做某事很放心/舒心
(2)relieved adj. 放心的，感到欣慰的
relieve sb. of... 使某人摆脱……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①To her great ________ (relieve), her younger brother recovered quickly after the operation.
②Hearing that he passed the exam, he smiled ________ relief.
③The new secretary will contribute to relieving us ________ some of the paperwork.
④—Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.
—What ________ relief! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.
⑤能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。
________________________ able to talk to someone about it.
3)effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的)
(教材原句)Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective to supply Africa with fresh water.
现在选择你认为非常有效的解决方案，为非洲提供淡水。
(应用文之学校生活)Personally, I used to try some effective methods to achieve my academic goals.
就我个人而言，我曾经尝试过一些有效的方法来实现我的学业目标。
Modern farming methods can have an effect on the environment.
现代农业耕作方法可能对环境造成影响。
[考点归纳]
(1)effect n. 效应，影响，结果
v. 使发生，引起
have an effect on 对……有影响
bring/carry/put...into effect 使……实施/生效
come into effect＝take effect 开始生效；开始实施
in effect＝in fact/in reality 事实上；实际上
side effect 副作用
(2)affect v. 影响
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The local government has taken ________ (effect) measures to resolve the problem.
②The company must reduce costs to compete ________ (effective).
③Sometimes, the adults could also ____________ (affect) by the violent content of the video games.
④The new traffic law has ____________________ (开始实施).__________________ (事实上)，it ________________ (对……有影响) people's life in many ways besides people's focus on road safety. Since it ____________ (生效)，many people have drunk less than before.
4)earn vt. 获得；赚，挣得　v．挣(钱))
(教材原句)At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.
起初，他的计划是挣钱在非洲某地建一口井。
(应用文之人物介绍)His achievements earned him respect and admiration.他的成就为他赢得别人的尊敬和赞美。
In order to earn my living, I have always had to work beyond the limit of my strength.
为了谋生，我总是不得不超出我的极限去工作。
[考点归纳]
(1)earn sb. sth. 为某人赢得某物；为某人带来某物
earn/make money 赚钱
earn a living/make a living 谋生
earn one's fame/a reputation 赢得名声
(2)earnings n. 收入
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was the new policy that contributed to a rise in average ________ (earn).
②The poor family lives on very little money ________ (earn) by the disabled husband.
③I sang in a club ________ (earn) my daily bread when I was young.
④让她感到宽慰的是，她的儿子能够通过做兼职工作养活自己。
To her relief, her son could ________________________ by doing parttime jobs.
5)donate v．捐赠；捐献)
(教材原句)He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.
他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，并说服他们捐款。
(应用文之人物介绍)She donated a lot of money to the school, enabling the students to return to their classroom.
她捐了很多钱给学校，使学生们能够重新回到他们的教室。
The large hall was filled with people who came to make a donation to the earthquake victims.
这个大厅挤满了那些前来为地震灾民捐款的人们。
[考点归纳]
(1)donate...to... 把……捐献给……
(2)donation n. 捐赠，捐赠物
make a donation to 向……捐赠
(3)donor n. 捐赠者
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Funds are so scarce in the school districts that principals are begging for ________ (donate).
②The secondary school is named after a ________ (donate) who made a contribution of 50 million yuan.
③The headmaster appeals to us students to make ________ donation to the poor boy.
④募集的资金被捐赠给没有保险的癌症患者。
The money raised ________________________ who do not have insurance.
6)make a difference 有作用(关系、影响))
(教材原句)At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children.
起初瑞安很紧张，但很快他就感到非常温暖。他真的给这些孩子带来了改变。
The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the difference between them.这对双胞胎很像，很难区分他们。
We expect to make a difference to the children's life by sharing our knowledge in different fields.
我们希望通过分享我们在不同领域的知识来改变孩子们的生活。
[考点归纳]
make some/no/little difference (to...) (对……)有些/没有/几乎没有作用或影响
tell the difference between...and... 区分……与……的差别
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I can't really tell the difference ________ their policies and ours.
②It makes no difference ________ me whether the measures are effective or not.
③我现在想集中精力学习英语，这将对我在国外的生活产生很大的影响。
(应用文之语言学习)I want to concentrate on learning English now, which will _________ my life abroad.
7)(教材原句)What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
他们需要的是一口在家附近挖的井。
[句式解构]　本句中what引导主语从句。
(1)疑问代词what常用来引导名词性从句，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
(2)what引导名词性从句时，既起引导词的作用，又在所引导的从句中作句子成分(主语、表语或宾语)；that在它引导的名词性从句中不作成分，只起引导作用。
A new supermarket has been built in what was wasteland before.
一家新超市在以前是废墟的地方建起来了。(宾语从句)
What I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.我想告诉你的是我对父母的深深的爱和尊重。(主语从句)
Thank you for your gift! It is what I have been longing for.
谢谢你的礼物！这正是我一直想要的。(表语从句)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
②—Are you still thinking about yesterday's game
—Oh, that's ________ makes me feel excited.
③更糟糕的是开始下起雨来了。
What makes the matter worse is that it begins ______________．
8)(教材原句)And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？,为什么水这么脏以至于让他们生病了？
[句式解构]　该句是一个复合句。so为副词，修饰形容词dirty; that为连词，引导结果状语从句。
(应用文之活动介绍)The exhibition displays such wonderful pictures that you can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better.这个展览展出非常精彩的画，能让你更好地了解中国传统绘画艺术。
(读后续写之情感描写)Mother was so moved that her eyes were shining with tears of great joy.母亲感动得双眼闪烁着喜悦的泪水。
[考点归纳]
[名师点津]
so/such...that...结构中，so/such...置于句首时，该句用部分倒装，that...不倒装。
So excited was I that I could not speak.我是如此激动以至于说不出话来。
Such a difficult problem is it that I find it hard to solve.
它是如此难的一个问题以至于我发现很难解决。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句型转换
①It was ________ nice weather that we went camping in the mountains.
②He made ________ few mistakes that he got high grades in the exam.
③He's ________ good a person that we shouldn't blame him.
④It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.
→It was ________________ hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.
⑤He speaks so fast that no one can catch him.
→So fast __________________ that no one can catch him.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Her mother hugged her tightly and spoke with ________ (缓解)，“Let's go home.”
2．Most Americans advocate the spirit of social service and voluntary ________ (贡献).
3．Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to ________ (捐赠)a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.
4．According to the law of the country, players should be allowed to ________ (挣) money from advertising.
5．It's important to distinguish ________ (现实) from dreams.
6．Ender's success proves that a good leader should have intelligence and ________ (顿悟) and make full use of his or her teammates' talents.
7．We have no interest in interfering in the ________ (内部的) affairs of other countries.
8．An injection of cash is needed to ________ (为……提供资金，资助) some of these projects.
9．If we ________ (回收利用) more waste, we wouldn't need to produce so much and there wouldn't be so much pollution.
10．________ (不屈不挠，坚持不懈) is a kind of quality, and that's what it takes to do anything well.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Yuan Longping made great ________ (contribute) to our country and his achievements are worthy of the highest praise.
2．In the past few months, many actors ________ (donate) much money to Jiuzhaigou Valley.
3．But despite the same goal, I think we might differ on our view of the ________ (real) we face.
4．Human activity is not responsible for all water ________ (short).
5．The number of them is less than 1，000，so I hope you can take some ________ (effect) measures to protect them.
6．A large number of buildings broke ________ in the earthquake.
7．It is obvious that China can make ________ difference in the world today and tomorrow.
8．In this painting, Picasso showed his feelings about ________ had happened to the town.
9．Many foreigners have trouble ________ (get) accustomed to it.
10．This is the man ________ whom I learned about the news.
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（四）
Part Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．①fund　②earn　③recycle　④contribute; contribution　⑤relief　⑥short; shortage　⑦effect; effective　⑧donate
⑨persevere; perseverance　⑩real; reality
2．①C　②A　③B　④D
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．have trouble doing　2.go public　3.be grateful to　4.make a difference　5.break into a smile　6.under control　7.决定做某事　8.建立　9.使他的梦想成为现实　10.从……中获益　11.出席，在场　12.说服某人做某事
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water
2．so dirty that
3．What they need
4．with which
语篇精读·能力提升
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．①good deeds　②clean water　③a well　④build more wells　⑤courage　⑥perseverance
2．Ryan; wells; water shortage
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．B　2.B　3.B　4.A　5.D√
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1．瑞安难以相信老师说的话——许多非洲发展中国家的人喝不到足够的干净的水。
2．几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元，有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。
3．这份领悟，始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
1．(1)They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
(2)He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.
(3)At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him.
(4)He broke into a joyful smile.
2．(1)Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn't give up.
(2)He was determined to help other children have clean water.
(3)This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six year old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.
要点精研·考点突破
1．①building　②contribution　③to　④make a contribution to protecting
2．①relief　②in　③of　④a　⑤It was a relief to be
3．①effective　②effectively　③be affected　④come into effect; In effect; has an effect on; took effect
4．①earnings　②earned　③to earn　④earn his/a living
5．①donations　②donor　③a　④is donated to cancer patients
6．①between　②to　③make a big difference to
7．①What　②what　③to rain
8．①such　②so　③so　④such a　⑤does he speak
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．relief　2.contribution　3.donate　4.earn　5.reality
6．insight　7.internal　8.fund　9.recycled　10.Perseverance
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．contributions　2.have donated　3.reality　4.shortages
5．effective　6.down　7.a　8.what　9.getting　10.fromPart Ⅲ　Developing ideas
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．高频词汇及变形
①________ v. 帮助，援助
②________ n. 军队
③________ adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.暂时地，临时地
④________ v．取得；完成；实现；获得成功→________ n．成绩，成就
2．低频词汇知其意
(　　)①Nazi A.adj.犹太人的，犹太教的
(　　)②Jewish B．n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
(　　)③knighthood C．n.(英国的)爵士封号或头衔
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．________________　　 　站起身来
2．________________ 记录
3．________________ 曾经
4．________________ 使……引起公众的注意
5．________________ 去世
6．at the hands of sb. ________________
7．escape from ________________
8．in danger ________________
9．for the most part ________________
10．take in ________________
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．独立主格结构
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
These are among the 669 children, ________________， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis.
2．on doing sth.一……就……
毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。
________________， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
3．“by＋过去时间状语”
截至1939年8月，温顿已经解救了669个孩子。
________________， Winton ________________ 669 children.
4．as引导非限制性定语从句
中国有句俗话：“仁者寿”。
________________________，“A kindhearted person lives a long life.”
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．Fill in the blanks.
Time Event
19 May 1909 Nicholas Winton ①____________．
1931 Winton returned to ②________．
③__________ A friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.
August 1939 Winton had saved 669 children.
续表
Time Event
④________ Winton left the military.
1988 His wife Grete found ⑤________________ and Winton was seen on the British television programme That's Life.
2003 Winton received a ⑥________．
⑦________ Winton received the Order of the White Lion.
1 July 2015 Winton ⑧____________．
2.The main idea of the passage is that ________________ saved 669 children from ________________ and later received ________ for his achievement.
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A.The children were excited to board the train.
B.The children boarded the train with their parents.
C.All the children who boarded the train were Jewish.
D.It was very likely that the parents would not see their children again.
2．Put the following events in order of time.
①Nicholas Winton returned to Britain and worked in business.
②Nicholas Winton worked for international charities and for various companies.
③Nicholas Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
④Nicholas Winton served as an officer in Britain's Royal Air Force.
A．①③④② B．①②③④
C.③①④② D．③④①②
3．What do we know about Nicholas Winton's great behaviour
A.As a German Jewish, he was always helpful.
B.What he saw in Prague inspired him to do that.
C.His friend asked him to help people escape.
D.The British government paid all the cost.
4．Why did his great behaviour keep for so long
A.His wife didn't find the secret before.
B.No TV station invited him to share.
C.He didn't want to mention his memories.
D.The children he saved forgot him.
5．What can we infer from Paragraph 5
A.The audience were moved by Winton's deeds.
B.The program was very interesting.
C.The audience liked the children saved by Winton.
D.Winton's wife found a journal about some brave soldiers.
6．Which of the following words can best describe Nicholas Winton
A.Great and generous.
B.Honorable and ambitious.
C.Humorous and caring.
D.Brave and respectable.
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1.
[尝试翻译] ____________________________________________________________
2.
[尝试翻译] _________________________________________________________
3.
[尝试翻译] __________________________________________________________
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
Read the passage and find the sentences to describe the mood.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[词汇积累]
①frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的
frightening adj.令人害怕的，吓人的
②board v．上(船或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)
③heartbroken adj.极为悲伤的，心碎的
④Jewish/'d u I /
adj.犹太人的，犹太教的
⑤Nazi/'nɑ tsi/n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
⑥nationality n．国籍
⑦on doing sth. 一做某事(就)
⑧aid/eId/v.帮助，援助
⑨in danger处于危险之中
out of danger脱离危险
⑩transport v．(用交通工具)运输，运送
establish v．建立，创建
keep records of记录……
temporary
/'temp( )r ri/adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的
serve as 担任
military
/'mIlIt( )ri/n.军队
for the most part 多半，在很大程度上；在大多数地方
mention v．提到，提及
take in 收留，收养；领会；记住；欺骗；吸收
at one point
一度；在某一时刻
the majority of
大多数……
rise to one's feet 站起身来
respected adj.受人尊敬的
figure n．人物，人士
achievement
/ 't i vm nt/
n．成绩，成就
knighthood
/'naIth d/n.(英国的) 爵士封号或头衔
pass away 去世
[教材原文]
THE POWER of GOOD
“The British Schindler”： the life of Nicholas Winton
It is August 1939, and a group of frightened① children are boarding② a train at Prague's Wilson Station. Their heartbroken③ parents do not join them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again【1】. But they know that their children will live【2】. These are among the 669 children, most of them Jewish④【3】， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis⑤【4】．
【1】本句为宾语从句，省略连接词that。
【2】that引导宾语从句。
【3】most of them Jewish为独立主格结构。
【4】that引导定语从句，修饰名词the 669 children, that在从句中作宾语。
Nicholas Winton was born on 19 May 1909 in London, to GermanJewish parents. The family later took British nationality⑥. On leaving school⑦， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. He returned to Britain in 1931, where he worked in business【5】．
【5】where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Britain, where在从句中作地点状语。
In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid⑧ people who were escaping from the Nazis【6】. In Prague, Winton saw people living in terrible conditions【7】 and whose lives were in danger⑨【8】. He decided to help transport⑩ children to safety in Britain. He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them. He used donated funds and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child that the British government required【9】. By August 1939, Winton had saved 669 children.
【6】who引导定语从句，修饰名词people, who在从句中作主语。
【7】现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词people。
【8】whose引导定语从句，修饰名词people, whose在从句中作定语，修饰lives。
【9】that引导定语从句，修饰50 pounds per child, that在从句中作宾语。
During World War Ⅱ， Winton served as an officer in Britain's Royal Air Force. He left the military in 1954. He then worked for international charities and for various companies. For the most part ， he did not mention the children he__saved【10】， and his actions soon disappeared from people's memories.
【10】he saved为定语从句，修饰名词children，从句省略了关系代词that/who/whom。
That all changed in 1988 when his wife Grete found a forgotten journal at home【11】. The journal contained photographs and names of the children and addresses of the families that took them in 【12】. She sent the journal to a newspaper, and that year Winton was seen on the British television programme That's Life. At one point ， the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives【13】. A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet . The programme brought his actions to public attention, and Winton became a respected figure around the world.
【11】when引导定语从句，修饰1988, when在从句中作时间状语。
【12】that引导定语从句，修饰名词families, that在从句中作主语。
【13】if引导条件状语从句。
Later, Winton received various honours for his achievement , including a knighthood in 2003, and the Czech government's highest honour, the Order of the White Lion, in 2014.
Nicholas Winton passed away on 1 July 2015, at the age of 106. As the Chinese saying goes【14】，“A kindhearted person lives a long life.”
【14】As引导非限制性定语从句，as意为“正如”。
[课文译文]
善行的力量
“英国辛德勒”：尼古
拉斯·温顿的一生
现在是1939年8月，一群受惊的孩子正在布拉格的威尔逊车站上火车。他们伤心的父母没有加入他们。事实上，他们担心或许再也见不到自己的孩子了。但是他们知道他们的孩子将会活着。这些是669个孩子中的一些，其中大部分是犹太人，尼古拉斯·温顿将继续拯救他们，使他们免于被纳粹分子杀害。
尼古拉斯·温顿于1909年5月19日出生在伦敦，父母是德裔犹太人。这个家庭后来取得了英国国籍。一毕业，温顿就在德国和法国的银行工作。他于1931年回到英国，在那里做生意。
1938年12月，一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹分子手中逃脱的人。在布拉格，温顿看到了生活在恶劣的条件下的人们，且他们的生命处于危险之中。他决定帮忙把孩子们送到英国的安全地带。他建立了一个办事处记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找临时住所。他用捐赠的资金和自己的钱支付英国政府向每个孩子征收的50英镑的费用。到1939年8月，温顿已经救了669个孩子。
第二次世界大战期间，温顿在英国皇家空军担任军官。他在1954年离开军队。之后，他为国际慈善机构和多家公司工作。他很少提及他救过的孩子们，他的行为很快就从人们的记忆中消失了。
1988年，当他的妻子格蕾特在家里发现了一本被遗忘的日记时，一切都改变了。日记里有孩子们的照片和名字，以及收养他们的家庭住址。她把日记寄给了一家报纸，那年温顿在英国电视节目《这就是人生》上露面。节目中，主持人问在场有没有被尼古拉斯·温顿救过的人，如果有请起立。温顿震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。这个节目让温顿的善举为公众所了解，也让温顿受到全世界人们的尊敬。
后来，温顿因自己的成就获得了各种荣誉，其中包括2003年获得的爵士头衔，2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉——白狮勋章。
尼古拉斯·温顿于2015年7月1日去世，享年106岁。正如中国有句俗语所说的，“善良的人长寿”。
1)aid v. 帮助，援助　n．帮助，援助)
(教材原句)In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.
1938年12月，一位朋友请温顿来布拉格帮助那些从纳粹分子手中逃脱的人。
(应用文之建议信)You will be able to understand this article with the aid of a dictionary.
借助词典，你将能够理解这篇文章。
His colleague saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
他的同事见他有困难，便过来帮忙。
[考点归纳]
(2)come (go) to one's aid 　　　　　　　　　来(去)帮助某人
give/do/offer/carry out first aid (to sb.) (对某人)实施急救
in aid of 为了帮助……
with the aid of 借助……的帮助
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I couldn't speak French but a kind man came ________ my aid.
②________ aid of the poor kids, the generous man made a donation to the charity.
③Because the rain is around the corner, I suggest we aid the farmers ________ the harvest.
④在我们老师的帮助下，我们学会了如何进行急救。
(应用文之活动介绍)__________________ our teachers, we learned how to give _________．
2)achievement n．成绩，成就；实现，完成)
(教材原句)Later，Winton received various honours for his achievement...后来，温顿因自己的成就获得了各种荣誉……
If you want to make some achievements, you should be specialized in some area.你如果想取得一些成就，就应该在某个领域有所专长。
She achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer after ten years of hard work.
她在十年的努力工作后，实现了成为著名作家的夙愿。
[考点归纳]
(1)make an achievement 取得成就
a sense of achievement 成就感
one's achievement in... 某人在……方面的成就
(2)achieve v. 获得，取得
achieve an aim/a goal 实现目标
achieve success/victory 获得成功/胜利
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I felt a great sense of ________ (achieve) when I reached the top of the mountain.
②In the last few years, China has made great ________ (achieve) in environmental protection.
③They ________ (achieve) a lot in treating the new disease since last year.
3)keep records/a record of 记录)
(教材原句)He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them.
他建立了一个办事处来记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找临时住所。
It is recorded that this summer was the wettest for 10 years.
据记载，这个夏季是十年来最潮湿的。
When you make a record, it's different from a concert, because you leave something there.当你要录制一张唱片时，这与音乐会演奏是不同的，原因是你最终要留下一些东西。
[考点归纳]
break/set/hold a record 打破/创造/保持纪录
on record 记录在案的
It is recorded that... 据记载……
make a record 录制唱片；做记录；记录信息
play a record 播放唱片
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The weather centre keeps a record ________ the weather.
②那位年轻人在运动会上创造了一项新纪录。
The young man ________________________ at the sports meeting.
③他做得很好，但是没能打破纪录。
He did very well, but he failed to ________________________．
4)rise to one's feet 站起身来)
(教材原句)A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
温顿震惊地看到大多数人站了起来。
(读后续写之动作描写)Hearing a strange noise, he quickly rose to his feet and ran away.
听到一个奇怪的声音，他快速地站起来跑了。
(读后续写之动作描写)Bravely, Mary struggled to her feet and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.
玛丽挣扎着站起来，勇敢地同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。
Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost.
我刚走上那条街就发现自己迷路了。
[考点归纳]
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
jump to one's feet 突然站起来，一跃而起
set foot in 进入(某处)，踏进(某处)
stand on one's own feet 自立，独立
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①At the end of the concert, the audience ________ (rise) to their feet to applaud and cheer.
②Be independent, because you are old enough to stand ________ your own feet.
③Seeing him enter the room, the young man struggled ________ his feet.
④看到一条蛇，他吓得跳了起来。
(读后续写之心理描写)Seeing a snake, he was frightened to ________________________．
⑤问题一提出，汤姆就站起来回答。
No sooner had the question been put forward than Tom ________________________ to answer it.
5)(教材原句)On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.,毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。)
[句式解构]　on/upon＋n./doing...表示“一……就……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。
On/Upon returning, Bernard thanked the Smiths with eyes.
伯纳德一回来就含着泪感谢了史密斯一家。
She was joyful upon seeing her child take his first steps.
一看到儿子学会走路，她就感觉很高兴。
[名师点津]　“一……就……”句型荟萃
表示“一……就……”还有以下几种表达：
①immediately/directly/instantly＋从句
②the moment/minute/instant＋从句
③no sooner...than.../hardly...when...(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒装)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句式升级
①On ________ (see) Jack, I'll tell him the good news that he has been admitted into Peking University.
②On his ________ (arrive) home, he turned on the television.
③He started his travel to Suzhou as soon as he finished his studies.
→________________________ his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
→________________________ he finished his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
→________________________ he finished his studies, he started his travel to Suzhou.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Better training policies and new technologies are ________ (帮助) disabled people in the workplace.
2．The supermarket is taking on a few ________ (临时的) assistants for the National Day holiday.
3．His parents are proud of his ________ (成就) which he has made in the field of chemistry.
4．The patient's chest pain was relieved by a special ________ (治疗).
5．Only when you have ________ (获得) enough evidence can you come to a sound conclusion.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．________ the aid of my English teacher, I have made great progress this term.
2．We just stay here ________ (temporary). Tomorrow we will move into our new house.
3．I jumped ________ my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.
4．In the last few years, China has made great ________ (achieve) in environmental protection.
5．His escape ________ prison made all the people in the town worried.
6．On ________ (arrive) at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him.
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（六）
Part Ⅲ　Developing ideas
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.词汇储备
1．①aid　②military　③temporary　④achieve; achievement
2．①B　②A　③C
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．rise to one's feet　2.keep records of　3.at one point
4．bring...to public attention　5.pass away　6.某人导致，出自某人之手　7.从……中逃跑，逃离……　8.处于危险中
9．多半，通常　10.收留，留宿
Ⅲ.句式点拨
1．most of them Jewish
2．On leaving school
3．By August 1939; had saved
4．As the Chinese saying goes
语篇精读·能力提升
Ⅰ.语篇框架建构
1．①was born　②Britain　③December 1938　④1954　⑤a forgotten journal　⑥knighthood　⑦2014　⑧passed away
2．Nicholas Winton; the Nazis; honours
Ⅱ.文本细节探究
1．D　2.C　3.B　4.C　5.A　6.D
Ⅲ.学长难句分析
1．这些孩子大多是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
2．在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到威胁。
3．在很大程度上，他很少提及自己救孩子的事情，于是这些事渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
Ⅳ.写作特色赏析
(1)It is August 1939, and a group of frightened children are boarding a train at Prague's Wilson Station.
(2)Their heartbroken parents do not join them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again.
(3)A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
要点精研·考点突破
1．①to　②In　③with　④With the aid of; first aid
2．①achievement　②achievements　③have achieved
3．①of　②set a new record　③break the record
4．①rose　②on　③to　④jump to his feet　⑤rose to his feet
5．①seeing　②arrival　③On/Upon finishing; The moment/minute/second; Immediately/Directly/Instantly
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．aiding　2.temporary　3.achievement(s)　4.treatment　5.obtained
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．With　2.temporarily　3.to　4.achievements　5.from　6.arrivingPart Ⅳ　Writing a biography
Step Ⅰ　文本研读
Ⅰ.理清脉络：整体理解
1．Skim the biography and you will find the person described on the basis of ________ as a clue.
2．The passage is mainly about Tu Youyou's ____________________．
Ⅱ.熟记下列重要短语
①be effective in doing 有效地做某事
②discover a novel therapy 发现一个新颖的疗法
③manage to do sth. 成功地做某事
④do further research 做进一步的研究
Step Ⅱ　知识点
1)major adj.重要的，主要的　vi.主修；专攻　n．主修科目)
(应用文之旅游)Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.
现在，这座昔日的皇宫作为一个主要的旅游景点向公众开放。
When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature.
当我高中毕业时，我想主修比较文学。
In that company where I once worked, women workers are in the majority.
在我曾经工作过的那家公司里，女职工占大多数。
[考点归纳]
(1)major in 主修；专攻
play a major role in sth. 在某事中起重要作用
(2)majority n. 大部分；大多数
the majority of... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大多数
[名师点津]　majority作主语时谓语动词的单复数
the majority作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数；若强调个体，谓语动词用复数。当“the majority of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
[辨析]
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Sara is a student at Oxford University, ________ (major) in physics for a degree in Natural Science.
②Twothirds of the country is covered with desert and the ________ (major) of the citizens ________ (be) Indians.
③As a graduate majoring ________ English, I feel excited to apply for the position.
④队员中赞成这个计划的占大多数。
Among the members of the team those who are for the plan are ________________．
2)treatment n．治疗；疗法；对待；待遇；处理)
(教材原句)Tu Youyou worked as the leader of a research team aiming to discover a treatment for malaria.
屠呦呦领导一个研究团队，旨在找到疟疾的疗法。
(读后续写之情感描写)To her relief, her daughter is responding well to treatment.让她感到宽慰的是，她女儿经过治疗大有起色。
She treats me as one of the family.她把我当作家人看待。
She treated him to lunch.她请他吃午饭。
[考点归纳]
(1)under treatment 在治疗中
give sb. treatment 为某人治疗
(2)treat v. 治疗；对待；款待
treat sb. for sth. 治疗某人的……
treat sb. with... 用……为某人治疗，以……方式对待某人
treat sb. as... 把某人看作……
treat sb. to sth. 招待某人吃……，用……款待某人
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①After years of regular ________ (treat), she finally became healthy.
②The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients ________ (treat).
③Don't treat unemployment ________ a mental problem.
④She was always treating him ________ ice cream.
⑤She is now ________ treatment in a local hospital.
3)obtain v．获得，得到；(情况，制度)继续存在)
(教材原句)1986: Obtained a New Drug Certificate for qinghaosu, issued by the Ministry of Health of China
1986年：获得卫生部颁发的青蒿素新药证书
Online classes are easy and convenient to obtain.
网上课程很容易获得，也很方便。
[考点归纳]
(1)obtain permission 获得许可
obtain advice/information 得到忠告/信息
get/obtain an admission to/into 获准进入/加入……
(2)obtainable adj. 能得到的，可获得的
[即学即练]　完成句子/单句语法填空
①He failed __________________________________________________________ (获得老师的许可).
②I am wondering ________________________________________ (他从哪里获得的信息).
③The form is ________ (obtain) at your local post office.
Step Ⅲ　Writing a biography
[文体介绍]
人物传记体裁一般是记叙文。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索。多采用倒叙写法——先简单介绍此人，然后介绍此人的出生、成长过程，接下来记述这个人的主要成就和业绩，反映他的思想、品德和情操，最后对他进行评论，表达作者自己对他的看法。
[篇章结构]
人物传记类文章可分为三大部分：
(1)第一部分：导入话题——人物基本信息介绍；
(2)第二部分：中心内容——人物重要的生活经历以及取得的成就等；
(3)第三部分：总结全文——对文章所述人物进行评价。
[话题词汇及句式]
1．话题词汇
教材词汇
(1)CV 简历
(2)title n. 称号，头衔，职称
(3)extract vt. 提取，提炼；摘录
(4)issue vt. (正式)发给，供给
(5)novel adj. 新颖的，与众不同的
(6)nominate vt. 提名，推荐
其他词汇
Family background(家庭背景)
(1)...was/were born in/into a poor/rich family.
(2)His/Her family was so poor that...
(3)His/Her father was very strict with him/ her...
(4)live a happy/hard life
Education background(教育背景)
(1)be admitted to...college
(2)graduate from...department of...university
(3)major in...
(4)receive a doctor's degree
(5)go abroad for further study
Big events in one's life(一生中的大事件)
(1)receive/obtain/win the Nobel Prize for...
(2)be good at.../do well in...
(3)be crazy about.../enjoy...
(4)make rapid progress in...
(5)set a new world record of...
(6)overcome many difficulties
(7)have a gift/talent for...
Evaluation(评价)
(1)one of the best/most important...
(2)set a good example to...
(3)a model teacher/worker
(4)be respected by everyone
(5)speak/think highly of...
(6)be honoured as (an excellent athlete)
(7)make great contributions to...
(8)Consistency/Perseverance is the key to success.
(9)be famous/known as/be regarded as
2．话题句式
(1)He/She was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.
他/她是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。
(2)He/She was born in 1911.
他/她出生于1911年。
(3)He/She studied at a local high school and graduated from Beijing University.
他/她曾就读于当地的一所高中，毕业于北京大学。
(4)He/She is such a learned/strongwilled person that we all admire/respect him/her.
他/她是一个如此博学/意志坚强的人，我们都很钦佩/尊敬他/她。
(5)He/She devoted all his/her life to work.
他/她毕生都致力于工作。
(6)He/She made great contributions to our country.他/她为我们国家做出了巨大贡献。
(7)He/She was highly thought of by many people.
他/她受到很多人的高度评价。
[实践应用]
请根据以下内容写一篇80词左右的文章，介绍中国科学家钱学森。
1．1911年生于上海，1935年赴美留学，受到冯·卡门(Von Karman)的赞誉；
2．1939年在美国获航空航天科学、数学博士学位；
3．1950年获悉中华人民共和国成立的消息，克服了美国政府的百般阻挠，于1955年成功地回到祖国；
4．1958年起献身于航空航天研究工作，为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献，被誉为“中国航天之父”；
5．2009年在北京去世。
参考词汇：航空航天科学与研究工作aerospace science and research
第一步　布局谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
?完成句子
1．他于1911年生于上海。
He ______________________ 1911 in Shanghai.
2．他于1935年赴美深造，受到冯·卡门的赞誉。(think highly of)
In 1935, he went to America __________________ and _______________ by Von Karman.
3．他于1939年在美国获航空航天科学、数学博士学位。(obtain)
In 1939, he ________________________ in aerospace science and mathematics in the US.
4．(一句多译)1950年获悉中华人民共和国成立的消息，尽管美国政府百般阻挠，但他还是于1955年成功地回到祖国。
→In 1950, he heard the People's Republic of China had been founded and _______________ in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him.(并列谓语)
→In 1950，___________________________， he succeeded in coming back to his homeland in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him.(现在分词短语)
5．他从1958年起献身于航空航天科学与研究工作，为中国的航天事业做出巨大的贡献。(devote，contribution)
Since 1958 he _________ aerospace science and research and _________________ the cause of China's aerospace.
6．他被誉为“中国航天之父”。(regard)
He ____________________________________________ the father of China's space program.
7．他于2009年在北京去世。
In 2009, he ____________________ in Beijing.
?句式升级
8．将句1和句6合并为含有过去分词短语作定语的句子。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第三步　完美成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part Ⅳ　Writing a biography
写作精析·技能提升
Step Ⅰ　文本研读
Ⅰ.理清脉络：整体理解
1．time　2.achievements and awards
Step Ⅱ　知识点
1．①majoring　②majority; are　③in　④in the majority
2．①treatment　②to be treated　③as　④to　⑤under
3．①to obtain his teacher's permission　②where he obtained information　③obtainable
Step Ⅲ　Writing a biography
第二步
1．was born in
2．for further study; was highly thought of
3．obtained his doctor's degrees
4．succeeded in coming back to his homeland; hearing the People's Republic of China had been founded
5．had been devoted to; made great contributions to
6．was regarded as
7．passed away
8．He, regarded as the father of China's space program, was born in 1911 in Shanghai.
第三步
Qian Xuesen, regarded as the father of China's space program，was born in 1911 in Shanghai. In 1935, Qian went to America for further study and was highly thought of by Von Karman. In 1939, he obtained his doctor's degrees in aerospace science and mathematics in the US. In 1950, he heard the People's Republic of China had been founded and succeeded in coming back to his homeland in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him. Since 1958 he had been devoted to aerospace science and research and made great contributions to the cause of China's aerospace. In 2009, he passed away in Beijing.
Because of the love for his country and the great achievements, he has received the respect and admiration from his people.

展开更多......

收起↑