资源简介 Section Ⅴ Writing——如何介绍地点通·题型解读地点描写类作文，通常属于说明文。在具体考试中常以应用文，特别是书信式的应用文来考查。写作内容常包括某地点的地理位置、面积、人口、气候特点、历史、特产或特色景点、建筑等。有时，也可介绍一下人文风貌和文化特色。析·谋篇思路积·满分素材表达位置、人口1．China lies in the east of Asia and on the western coast of the Pacific Ocean.中国位于亚洲东部，太平洋的西岸。2．The beautiful town is located along the shore of the lake.这个美丽的城镇坐落于湖的沿岸。3．The village is situated among the mountains．这个村子坐落在群山之中。4．Shanghai is a big city with a population of over 20 million.上海是一个有两千多万人口的大城市。表达特色1．Hainan Province consists of Hainan Island and neighbouring isles as well as wide sea areas.海南省由海南岛和附近的群岛及广阔的海域组成。2．Built in the 16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history.建于16世纪，这座城堡见证了太多的历史浮沉。3．There is one place you can't miss while visiting Kaifeng—the Kaifeng House.参观开封时，有一个地方你不能错过——开封府。4．With its rich natural resources and amazing scenery, Xi'an is one of China's major tourist cities.拥有丰富的自然资源和美丽的景色，西安是中国主要的旅游城市之一。表达变化1．Great changes have taken place over the past five years in my hometown.我的家乡在过去的五年中发生了巨大的变化。2．Thanks to the reform and opening-up policy，China has taken on a new look．得益于改革开放政策，中国的面貌已焕然一新。练·写作规范假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Alex要到你家乡的城市——重庆来玩，请你写封邮件向他介绍你家乡的城市。内容要点：1．邀请并欢迎Alex到你家乡的城市来；2．这个城市的地理位置、面积、人口、历史、名胜、名小吃、风土人情；3．祝愿旅途愉快。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Alex, Yours，Li Hua?第一步：认真审题 谋篇布局?第二步：斟词酌句 靓化表达1．得知你要来我的家乡重庆，我很想把它介绍给你。(一句多译)①________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (状语从句)②________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (分词作状语)2．重庆市位于长江上游地区(the upper reaches)。重庆拥有大约3 000年的历史。________________________________________________________________________.Chongqing ________________________________．→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (分词作定语)→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (定语从句)3．重庆有超过3 200万人口，面积82 400平方千米。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (分词作状语)4．重庆是一个山城，有许多景点，如解放碑(重庆象征性建筑)、武隆天坑。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________→________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (升级为定语从句)?第三步：合理过渡 完美卷面Dear Alex, Yours，Li HuaSection Ⅴ Writing——如何介绍地点练·写作规范第二步1．①When I learn that you are coming to my hometown Chongqing, I would like to introduce it to you eagerly.②Learning that you are coming to my hometown Chongqing, I would like to introduce it to you eagerly.2．The city of Chongqing is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River; has a history of about 3，000 years; The city of Chongqing, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, has a history of about 3，000 years.; The city of Chongqing is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, which has a history of about 3，000 years.3．Chongqing has a population of more than 32 million, and covers an area of 82，400 km2.; Chongqing has a population of more than 32 million, covering an area of 82，400 km2.4．Chongqing is a mountainous city with a number of scenic spots, such as Jiefangbei (a symbolic building in Chongqing), and Wulong Tiankeng.; Chongqing is also a mountainous city, where there are a number of scenic spots, such as Jiefangbei (a symbolic building in Chongqing), and Wulong Tiankeng.第三步参考范文：Dear Alex，Learning that you are coming to my hometown Chongqing, I would like to introduce it to you eagerly.The city of Chongqing, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, has a history of about 3，000 years. It has a population of more than 32 million, covering an area of 82，400 km2. It is also a mountainous city, where there are a number of scenic spots, such as Jiefangbei (a symbolic building in Chongqing), and Wulong Tiankeng. In Chongqing, you are sure to have a good taste of Chongqing hotpot. Just like the spicy dishes in Chongqing, people here are also warm-hearted and friendly.I do believe you will have a good time here.Yours，Li HuaSection Ⅳ Reading for Writing预学案·能力为重语篇精读语篇精读 形成阅读能力Task 1 文本微观剖析：细节探究Read the text and then choose the best answer to each question.1．The Chinatown in San Francisco ________．A．is the biggest in the worldB．is in the centre of the cityC．is a place where visitors can experience traditional Chinese culture in real lifeD．is the place where Robert Louis Stevenson was born2．What can visitors do in Chinatown A．Taste traditional Chinese food.B．Experience the mix of Chinese culture and western culture.C．Enjoy lots of Chinese architecture.D．Both A and C．3．What attracts visitors most in Chinatown A．Traditional Chinese dishes.B．Chinese tea.C．Chinese clothing.D．Chinese chess and tai chi.4．What can we learn from the text A．Large groups of Chinese immigrants settled in San Francisco long before the gold rush.B．Bank of Canton used to be a famous site in the Chinatown in San Francisco.C．Chinese immigrants in Chinatown have got used to the western lifestyle in America.D．Traditional Chinese dishes in Chinatown are popular with visitors from all over the world.Task 2 佳句妙笔生辉：应用文提能熟记下列用来描写地点的句子1．The Chinatown in San Francisco is the biggest in America, and also the oldest.2．The climate is mild all year round, meaning it is always a good time to visit.3．Other famous sites include the Tin How Temple and Bank of Canton, to name but a few.4．These days, the square is a great place to see traditional Chinese culture in real life, such as games of Chinese chess, and people practising tai chi.研学案·素养为本精讲精练学·语言要点知识核心词汇诠释1)settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)(1)settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来settle in/into 安顿下来；习惯于；适应settle down to (doing) sth. 开始认真(做)某事[练透] 单句语法填空①Bernard settled down to ________ (learn) how to make popcorn after selling out the first basket of popcorn.②With no ________ (settle) reached until midnight, all the participants headed to their homes with relief.(2)settler n. 移居者；殖民者settlement n. 定居点； 处理； 解决③Having waved goodbye to him, I rushed towards the bus, leaving him behind with a promise ________ (settle) the fare upon my return. [2024·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写][写美] 完成句子④我不知道如何解决我现在面临的道德困境，因此我写信向你寻求建议。(应用文之求助信)Not knowing ________________ I am facing now, I am writing to seek advice from you.2)construction n.建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构(1)under construction 在建设中under repair 在修理中under discussion 在讨论中under consideration 在考虑中(2)construct vt. 建造；构成[练透] 单句语法填空①The workers ________ (construct) the bridge damaged by the flood, and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town.②The bridge connecting the two islands is ________ construction and is expected to be completed in October.[写美] 完成句子③他朝着声音的方向跑去，在一个建筑工地停了下来。(读后续写之动作描写)He ran towards the sound and __________________________________________．[名师指津] “under ＋名词”结构短语，宾语为表示动作的名词，通常含有被动意义，意为“在……过程中”。3)suit vt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身 n．西服；套装(1)suit one's needs 满足某人的需要(2)suitable adj. 合适的；适当的；相配的be suitable for sb./sth. 适合某人/某物be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事[写美] 一句多译我确信这份志愿者工作适合我，因为我精通英语。①I do believe I am ________________________ because I have a good knowledge of English.(suitable)②I do believe I ________________________ because I have a good knowledge of English.(suitable)③I do believe ________________________ because I have a good knowledge of English.(suit)[小词汇·大文化] A guest should suit the convenience of the host.客随主便。4)(at) first hand第一手；亲自(1)at hand 在手边；在附近；即将发生by hand 用手hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联on (the) one hand...on the other (hand)... 一方面……另一方面……(2)hand in 提交；交上[练透] 用hand的相关短语填空①As the saying goes, “Success and failure always go ____________．”②It would be a good idea if you could keep a dictionary close ____________．③I heard about the news ____________ first hand from my neighbour.[写美] 完成句子④一方面，电脑提高工作效率，但另一方面，他们又带来一些新问题。________________， computers improve the working efficiency; ________________， they also bring about some new problems.5)contain vt.包含；含有；容纳；克制；抑制(感情)(1)contain sth. 包含/含有/容纳某物contain oneself 自我忍耐/克制(2)container n. 容器[练透] 单句语法填空①Try to eat food groups ________ (contain)vitamins A, C and E, which will do lots of good to your health.②Hearing the good news, he couldn't contain ________ (he) and burst into laughter.③I don't know how many collections are in this old ________ (contain).[写美] 完成句子④听到我在写作比赛中获奖的好消息，我的老师无法抑制以我为傲的心情。[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]Hearing the good news that I won the medal in the writing contest, my teacher could hardly ______________________________________ in me.[助记] contain和include经典句式解构1)句型公式：what引导的主语从句【教材原句】 What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.早先作为中国移民住宅区的地方后来变成了中华文化的中心。 (1)what在此处引导的是主语从句，what在从句中作主语。(2)what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分(主语、表语或宾语)。(3)that也可引导名词性从句，但that在从句中不作成分，没有意义，只起连接作用。[写美] 完成句子①过去看似不可能完成的任务现在已经完成了。[2024·浙江1月卷]____________________________________ has now been completed.②使我害怕的是我无法通过即将到来的考试。________________________________ I wouldn't pass the coming exam.③给我印象最深的是，我们的老师总是营造出一种我们可以自由交流的氛围。________________________________ our teacher always creates a kind of atmosphere where we can voice our opinions freely.2)句型公式：“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句【教材原句】 The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English fluently.如今，唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。(1)若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。(2)whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。[练透] 单句语法填空①There are various typical Chinese customs during the Spring Festival, two of ________ are to make dumplings and set off fireworks.②There lives an old man near the school, the son of ________ is working in that district.＝There lives an old man near the school, ________ son is working in that district.[写美] 完成句子③彼得邀请了30多人参加他的生日聚会，其中大部分是他的同学。Peter invited over 30 people to his birthday party, ____________________________.练·课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road ________ (建筑).2．Therefore, collecting some reading ________ (材料) in advance is necessary.3．Never have faith in him; he is nothing but a wolf in sheep's ________ (衣服).4．She was wearing a n________ black suit, which made her look more beautiful.Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式1．As we all know, ________________ (各种各样的) factors result in climate changes.2．The Louvre, one of the world's largest art galleries, ________________ (位于) Paris.3．As long as you work hard, a series of things you want to get can ________________ (变成) reality.4．We settled all the matters, and afterwards, we set off for the ________________ (旅游景点) to get relaxed.5．Changbaishan is China's largest nature reserve and ________________ (发源地) a great diversity of rare plants and animals.Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing预学案语篇精读 形成阅读能力Task 11．C 2.D 3.A 4.D研学案学· 语言要点知识核心词汇诠释1．①learning ②settlement ③to settle ④how to settle the moral dilemma2．①are constructing ②under ③stopped at a construction site3．①suitable for this voluntary job ②am suitable to do this voluntary job ③this voluntary job suits me4．①hand in hand ②at hand ③at ④On (the) one hand; on the other (hand)5．①containing ②himself ③container ④contain his pride经典句式解构1．①What seemed like an impossible task ②What made me scared was that ③What impresses me most is that2．①which ②whom; whose ③most of whom were his classmates练· 课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单词拼写1．construction 2.materials 3.clothing 4.neatⅡ.固定搭配和句式1．varieties of 2.is located in 3.turn into4．tourist draw 5.is home toSection Ⅱ Reading and Thinking预学案·能力为重语篇精读语篇精读 形成阅读能力Task 1 框架宏观建构：整体理解1.What's the main idea of the passage A．The author's introduction to the Mission District.B．The author's visit to Napa Valley.C．The author's trip in San Francisco with diverse cultures.D．The author's camp in the Redwood Forest.2．Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.[指津] 分类与组织信息1．分类信息就是先找出文章中的关键信息，如日期、数字、地点、事件、观点等，并把这些信息按类别归类。2．组织信息就是把分好类的信息按一定的顺序，如新旧、多少、大小、种类、先后等顺序重新排列，也可以把这些信息按分好类的顺序画出结构图表等。Task 2 文本微观剖析：细节探究Read the text on Pages 28～29 carefully and then choose the best answer.1．What does the word “definitely” in the first paragraph mean A．Doubtfully. B．Surely.C．Extremely. D．Directly.2．What is the Mission District most famous for A．Its population. B．Its history.C．Its cultures. D．Its liveliness.3．What is the writer's general impression of San Francisco A．Impressive. B．Just so-so.C．Strange. D．Surprising.4．What is the passage A．A history novel. B．A home letter.C．A travel journal. D．A book review.Task 3 佳句妙笔生辉：续写提能Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the environment.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Task 4 辨难句拆分解：阅读清障1.And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.[句式分析][自主翻译] ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge.[句式分析][自主翻译] _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________研学案·素养为本精讲精练学·语言要点知识1)admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)；容纳(1)be admitted as 被承认为；被接受为be admitted into/to 被录取；被接收(2)admit sb./sth. as/to be... 承认某人/某事是……admit doing/having done... 承认做了……(3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费[练透] 单句语法填空①Being humorous and patient, Mr. Cheng ________ (admit) to be one of the best teachers. (读后续写之人物描写)②The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to be admitted ________ my favorite university will come true.③Besides, there will be an ________ (admit) charge of 50 yuan for each person.[写美] 完成句子④得知我校乒乓球队正在招收新队员，我迫不及待地想邀请你加入球队。Learning that our school table tennis team ____________________________， I can hardly wait to invite you to join it.[熟词生义] The dining hall to be completed next month can admit 1，000 students. (admit vt.容纳)下个月完工的食堂可以容纳1 000名学生。2)occur vi.(occurred; occurred; occurring)发生；出现[练透] 单句语法填空①That night a terrible storm ________ (occur), with the wind blowing and beating the house.②A bright idea suddenly ________ (occur) to the twins that they could make breakfast for their mother to celebrate Mother's Day.[写美] 完成句子③她突然想起她和老同学在咖啡馆有个约会。________________________ she had an appointment with her old classmate at the café.[名师点津] 表示“某人突然想到某事”的表达还有：It hits/strikes sb. that...; sth. strike(s) sb.; e(s) to sb.; sb. hit(s) on/upon sth.3)seek vt.& vi.(sought, sought) 寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求(1)seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界seek advice from... 向……征求建议(2)seek after/for 追求，寻求seek out 挑选出；找出seek to do sth. 试图做某事[练透] 单句语法填空①Now a great many college graduates are seeking ________ a high-paid job but often suffer a series of disappointing outcomes.②The twins sought ________ (make) a delicious Mother's Day breakfast, but failed. Therefore, it occurred to them to seek advice from their beloved father.[写美] 完成句子③他们设法找到了一个安静的地方，可以坐下来欣赏自然风景。(读后续写之动作描写)They ________________________________ where they could sit down and admire the natural scenery.[小词汇·大文化] It is more valuable to seek truth than to own it.—Einstein追求真理比拥有真理更有价值。——爱因斯坦4)bring about导致；引起bring back 使回想起；使恢复bring in 引进；生产bring up 抚养；抚育；谈及bring back to life 使复活，给……以活力[练透] 单句语法填空①Brought ________ in a remote area, he found it quite difficult to fit in with this district.②This picture often brings ________ to me many happy memories of my high school days.③Everyone was excited, enjoying the convenience brought ________ by the shared bicycles.[写美] 完成句子④幸运的是，一位旅美的华裔移民正试图让这门艺术重获生机。Luckily, a Chinese immigrant in America is trying to ____________________________．5)escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱(1)escape from... 从……中逃脱escape doing sth. 逃避做某事(2)escape one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意(3)a narrow escape 死里逃生[练透] 单句语法填空①To create a low-carbon campus, we should escape ________ (throw) away rubbish here and there.②With the help of the firefighters, the workers managed to escape ________ the burning mine quickly and safely.[写美] 词汇升级③While shopping, I came across one of my former classmates, but I forgot his name, which made me embarrassed.→While shopping, I came across one of my former classmates, but his name ______________________， which made me embarrassed.[指津] “不一样的”忘记，遗忘：(1)sth. escape(s) sb.某人遗忘某事； (2)sb. forget(s) sth.某人忘记某事用·中频词汇句式核心词汇诠释1)head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去head for/towards 朝……前进head north/south 朝北/南走[练透] 完成句子退休后，他到农村过着舒适的生活。After he retired, he ________________________ the countryside to lead a comfortable life.2)earn vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得(1)earn money＝make money 挣钱earn one's living＝make a living 谋生earn the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬(2)earnings n. 利润；收入，工资[练透] 完成句子①在我看来，你已经足够大了，可以谋生了。As far as I'm concerned, you are old enough ________________________________．②他和一群人一起表演飞行跳伞，以此来挣钱。He did this with a group that performed flying tricks to ______________________．3)claim vt.& n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言；索赔(1)claim sb.'s life 夺去某人的生命claim to have done sth. 声称做了某事It's claimed that... 据称/说……(2)make a claim (on...)for... (向……)提出赔偿……[练透] 完成句子①研究人员声称他们发现每晚有规律地睡8小时对我们的健康十分有益。Researchers ________________ that getting a regular eight-hour sleep every night makes a real difference to our health.②有人宣称，幽默不仅能影响病人的情绪，实际上还能使他们更快地康复。________________ humor not only affects patients' moods, but can actually help them recover faster.4)apart from除了……外(还)；此外apart from＝besides 除……外(还有)apart from＝except 除……外(不包括)[练透] 完成句子首先，据称除了努力学习，你也应该参加一些课外活动来放松自己。Firstly, ________________________________________， you should also take part in some after-class activities to relax yourself.经典句式解构1)句型公式：It＋系动词＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.【教材原句】 I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.我不得不承认，再次回到这座城市的感觉实在是太棒了。(1)动词不定式(短语)作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语后置。常用于这个句型的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, important, possible等。(2) it还可以放在find, make, consider等动词后作形式宾语，指代动词不定式、动名词短语或从句。[练透] 单句语法填空①It is difficult for her ________ (keep) a balance between family and work.②I feel it a great honour for me ________ (invite) to speak at the meeting.[写美] 完成句子③被选为这个活动的代表之一感觉真是太好了。__________________________________ one of the representatives in the activity.2)句型公式：There be＋sb./sth.＋非谓语动词【教材原句】 There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from．这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。此句中含有动词不定式to choose from，此句为there be 句型中非谓语的使用，主要有以下几种情况：注意：不定式与被修饰词为被动关系，如不定式中的动词为不及物动词，其后应加介词。[练透] 单句语法填空①There was nobody ________ (buy) popcorn at first, which made Bernard feel like sitting on pins and needles.②As planned, we are to gather at the gate of our school, and there will be a bus ________ (wait) for us.③There were diverse activities ________ (organize) by the Student Union to arouse our interest in learning English.[写美] 完成句子④在设备齐全的自习室里有很多值得探索的地方，因此，我写信邀请你一起体验一下。[2022·浙江6月卷应用文]________________________ in the well-equipped study room and therefore, I am writing to invite you to experience it together.练·课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单词拼写1．With his eyes in tears, he ________ (承认) that he had cheated in the final examination.2．If you want to try some new learning methods, you'd better ________ (选择) those that are proper for yourself.3．After graduating from university, he decided to leave his hometown and s________ for job opportunities in other cities.4．My hometown used to be a small town，where people e________ a living by fishing every day.Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式1．After the hurricane, thousands of volunteers ________________ (前往) the disaster area, ranging from businessmen to workers.2．The economic reform has ____________________ (导致巨大变化) in the lives of the common people.3．________________ (除了英语), he has a good command of Russian as well.4．The students always ask their teacher ________________ (一连串问题) whenever they meet.Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking预学案语篇精读 形成阅读能力Task 11．C 2.①Camped ②the Golden Gate Bridge ③cultures ④historical changes ⑤Chinatown ⑥jazz barTask 21．B 2.C 3.A 4.CTask 3①There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge.②It was quite modern and lively.Task 41．多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。2．这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底。研学案学· 语言要点知识1．①was admitted ②into/to ③admission ④is admitting new members2．①occurred ②occurred ③It hit/struck/occurred to her that3．①for ②to make ③managed to seek a quiet place4．①up ②back ③about ④bring this art back to life5．①throwing ②from ③escaped me用·中频词汇句式核心词汇诠释1．headed to/for/towards2．①to earn/make a living ②earn money3．①claim to have found ②It is claimed that4．it is claimed that apart from studying hard经典句式解构1．①to keep ②to be invited ③It feels definitely good to be selected as2．①to buy ②waiting ③organized ④There is a lot to explore练· 课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单词拼写1．admitted 2.select 3.seek 4.earnedⅡ.固定搭配和句式1．headed to/for/towards 2.brought about great changes 3.Apart from English 4.series of questionsSection Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures——省略预学案·知识为基课文原句观察并还原下列课文原句中省略的成分①And what a city (it is)—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.②My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, (which is) one of the oldest parts of the city.③This district used to be a poor area of town, but (this district) is now a centre for art, music, and food.④(It is) A real mix of cultures here!⑤What great food (it is)!⑥(I) Can't wait!自我感悟1．句④⑥为________句中的省略。2．句①⑤为________句中的省略。3．句③为________句中的省略。4．句②为________句中的省略。研学案·素养为本精讲精练探·语法课堂学习为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：一、简单句中的省略1．省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。(It) Looks like rain now.现在(天)看起来要下雨。(You) Be sure not to make any noise.(你)一定不要制造出任何噪声。2．省略宾语：当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，通常省略宾语。He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn't (have a knowledge of first aid).他具备急救知识，但他的朋友不具备。She washed (the shirt), ironed (the shirt), and folded the shirt.她洗了(衬衫), 并且把它熨好、叠好。3．省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。①(You come) This way, please.请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)②(Have you) Got any ink 你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)即学即练1 用下划线标出句中可以省略的部分(忽略大小写)①I haven't seen you for ages.②I'm sorry to hear you are ill.③What a wonderful time we had!④His brother isn't lazy, and nor is his sister lazy.⑤—Would you like to go to Xizang —Yes, I'd like to go there.⑥—He hasn't finished the task yet.—Well, he ought to have finished the task.⑦You have a seat, please!⑧What a clever boy he is!⑨I like red wine better than white wine.⑩It has rained for a whole day.二、并列句中的省略1．在并列句中，后面分句中与前面分句相同的部分常常省去，以避免重复。When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.当夏天来临，白天变得越来越长，夜晚变得越来越短。My brother likes sports and I (like) music.我弟弟喜欢体育，我喜欢音乐。Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and (Jeff) added in some milk.杰夫在盘子里打了两个鸡蛋，并加了一些牛奶。2．有时由于上下文语境很明显，后一分句中的一些词语也可省略。They tried their best but (they tried) in vain.他们尽力了，但是白费劲。(Give me) One more chance and I'll surely succeed.再给我一次机会，我一定会成功。〖名师点津〗 在并列句中，后面的分句可以省略与前面分句中相同的成分。Tom picked up a wallet in the road and (Tom) handed it to a policeman.汤姆在马路上捡到一个钱包并把它交给了警察。三、复合句中的省略1．状语从句中的省略(1)状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同或从句主语是it，且从句谓语是系动词be的某种形式时，从句的主语和系动词可以同时省略。(2)从句与主句中的相同部分也可以省略。While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.当我在街上散步时，我听到有人叫我的名字。When (it is) heated, ice can be turned into water.冰被加热后，可以变成水。If (it is) possible, you can reply to me as soon as possible.如果可能的话，你可以尽快回复我。2．定语从句中的省略关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且前面无介词时，可以省略关系代词。My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit (that) we had ever eaten.我丈夫和我都认为它们是我们吃过的最好的水果。The way (in which/that) he speaks to us is really annoying.他对我们讲话的方式真是令人讨厌。3．宾语从句中的省略及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。We hope (that) such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.我们希望这样的关注能激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该用心学习。即学即练2 用省略句完成句子①只要有可能，他就会来帮助我。________________， he will come to my help.②骑自行车时，别忘了看红绿灯。________________， don't forget to look at the traffic lights.③尽管他们很累，但他们继续工作。________________， they went on working.④我的朋友玛丽没有来学校，但我想知道为什么(她没有来学校)。My friend Mary didn't come to school, but I wonder ________________.⑤我又找到了前几天被偷的自行车。________________________ was found again.四、其他情况的省略1．动词不定式的省略(1)当动词不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，常省略与前句重复的to后面的内容。You can't force him to answer the question if he's not ready to (answer the question).如果他没有准备好回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。(2)某些使役动词(如make, let, have等)和感官动词(如see, watch, notice, observe, hear等)后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式须省略to；但若这些动词用于被动语态时，则不能省略to。We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.→She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。(3)作介词but, except, besides的宾语，且前面有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的动词不定式(短语)常省略to。All he could do was nothing but wait and see.他所能做的只有等着瞧。(4)当动词不定式在be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to后作复合谓语时，动词不定式可以省略。They didn't visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents).他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。2．使用so, not等时的省略①—Can you finish your work today —I think so．/I don't think so．/I think not．——你今天能完成工作吗？——我认为能。/我认为不能。②—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they —I guess not．——男孩们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？——我猜是没做好。〖名师点津〗 句①中so相当于I can finish my work today; not相当于I can't finish my work today；句②中第二个not相当于the boys are not doing a good job。3．介词的省略一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动词-ing形式。常见结构如下：(1)have difficulty/trouble/problem (in) doing sth.(2)be busy (in) doing sth.(3)spend some time (in) doing sth.(4)stop/prevent sb.(from) doing sth.The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time.大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。即学即练3 补全下列句中省略的介词①I'm sorry to tell you that Diane won't be here (________) Friday.②I can't stop them (________) going there.③I have some trouble (________) learning English.学·语言要点知识fold vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平(1)fold (up) 折叠；对折fold one's arms 双臂交叉在胸前(2)folding adj. 可折叠的；折叠式的[练透] 单句语法填空①I finished my coffee, ________ (fold) my newspaper and stood up.②As the mist cleared, a most beautiful view ________ (fold) before their eyes.[写美] 完成句子③那个年轻人双臂交叉躺在沙发上，很快就睡着了。The young man lay on the sofa ______________________________ and soon fell asleep.[名师指津] un-，用在动词词根前，表示相反的意思。如：①lock vt.(锁)→unlock(开锁); ②fold vt. 包；裹；折叠→unfold v. (使)展开；打开练·课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The man was noticed ________ (enter) the classroom.2．Andy was busy ________ (try) to quiet the horse, and he succeeded after a time.3．To my relief, I had my father ________ (repair) my bike yesterday.4．You can't imagine what difficulty we had ________ (walk) home in the snowstorm.5．Are you too old for fairy tales If you think ________， Copenhagen is sure to change your mind.Ⅱ.将下列句子改写成省略句1．She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.→She stood at the gate as if ________________.2．When he was in America, he made many friends with students from different countries.→________________， he made many friends with students from different countries.3．You must look both ways before you cross the road.→________________ before you cross the road.Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures——省略预学案自我感悟1．简单 2.感叹 3.并列 4.复合研学案探·语法课堂学习[即学即练1] ①I haven't seen you for ages.②I'm sorry to hear you are ill.③What a wonderful time we_had!④His brother isn't lazy, and nor is his sister lazy．⑤—Would you like to go to Xizang —Yes, I'd like to go_there．⑥—He hasn't finished the task yet.—Well, he ought to have finished_the_task．⑦You have a seat, please!⑧What a clever boy he_is!⑨I like red wine better than white wine．⑩It has rained for a whole day.[即学即练2] ①Whenever (it is) possible ②While (you are) cycling ③Though (they were) tired ④why (she didn't come to school) ⑤My bike (which was) stolen the other day[即学即练3] ①on ②from ③in学· 语言要点知识①folded ②unfolded ③with his arms folded练·课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．to enter 2.trying 3.repair 4.walking 5.soⅡ.将下列句子改写成省略句1．waiting for someone2．When in America3．Look both ways单元素养评价（三） UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES授课提示：对应单元素养评价卷17页（满分：150分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．What is the woman doing there？( )A．Writing a story. B．Reading a story.C．Writing a report.答案：A2．What will they do？( )A．See the boy's teacher.B．Meet the boy's friend.C．See their new teacher.答案：A3．How does the woman feel about the job now？( )A．Bored. B．Funny.C．Interested.答案：A4．What is Miss Green going to do？( )A．Watch the man play football.B．Watch David play football.C．Watch David's friend play football.答案：B5．When does the conversation most probably take place？( )A．At midnight. B．In the evening.C．At dawn.答案：C第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6．Where does this dialogue take place？( )A．In the restaurant. B．On the phone.C．In the street.答案：B7．When does this dialogue take place？( )A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon.C．In the evening.答案：A8．If the woman comes to lunch, how many people will come with her？( )A．Three. B．Five.C．Four.答案：C听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9．What are the man and woman looking for？( )A．A comfortable hotel. B．A modern hotel.C．An inexpensive hotel.答案：C10．Where could the man and the woman find a hotel they need？( )A．Next to a bank.B．Two－minute drive to the west.C．On the left side of the street.答案：B11．Where did the conversation most likely take place？( )A．Near a bank. B．Near a hotel.C．In a restaurant.答案：C听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12．What did the man want to do？( )A．To look for a gold watch for his wife.B．To buy a birthday gift for his wife.C．To buy a diamond ring for his wife.答案：B13．What did the man buy at last？( )A．A ring. B．A watch.C．A necklace.答案：B14．How much did the man pay for the gift？( )A．$2，250. B．$2，000.C．$2，500.答案：A听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15．When did the conversation most likely take place？( )A．Tuesday morning. B．Wednesday morning.C．Thursday morning.答案：C16．How many times was Miss Smith late during that week？( )A．Three times. B．Four times.C．Five times.答案：A17．Why was Miss Smith late that morning？( )A．It was raining.B．The bus service was very bad.C．She didn't have a watch.答案：B听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Why didn't the businessman write the speech himself？( )A．He was too lazy. B．He was too busy.C．It was too difficult.答案：B19．How did the audience feel about the businessman's speech in the end？( )A．They got bored.B．They showed interest in it.C．They felt angry.答案：A20．Why did the speech run on for an hour？( )A．The businessman read it twice.B．The secretary wrote the speech for an hour.C．The businessman read the original and the two copies of the speech.答案：C听力材料(Text 1)M：What are you doing in New York W：I'm writing a story for YES magazine.(Text 2)M：Sarah, I would like to introduce my teacher Miss Smith to you. Shall we go and see her now W：Good. Let's go.(Text 3)M：What do you like about your job W：Well，it was fun at first because there was so much to learn. But now，I keep doing the same things day after day. I'm fed up with my job.(Text 4)M：Miss Green, my friend David is a very good football player and he has played it for years. Will you come and watch him play some day W：Yes, I will. Thank you. I like watching football games.(Text 5)M：It's freezing now here. There won't be another car for hours. I should stay at home.W：Don't worry. We should see the sun come up in half an hour.(Text 6)M：“Deep Sea Restaurant”. Head Waiter. Good morning.W：I'd like to reserve a table for five.M：And is that today, madam W：Of course.M：At what time, madam W：Oh, about three o'clock, I suppose.M：I'm afraid we only serve lunch until 3 p．m., madam.W：Oh well, two o'clock then, and it must be by a window.M：Very good, and what name, please W：Brown, Mrs. Martha Brown.M：Very good, Mrs. Brown. A table for five at 2 p.m. today.(Text 7)M：Good evening，sir，madam. A table for two W：No, thank you. But we have a small problem. Can you help us M：Sure. What can I do for you W：We are looking for a hotel. Are there any hotels near here M：Yes，there are some hotels in this street. The nearest one is next to the bank. It's quite modern.W：Do you think there're any inexpensive ones nearby We're leaving tomorrow morning.M：Yes. Drive west for about two minutes and you will find a gray building on the right side. It's a family hotel, very comfortable, and the prices are quite reasonable.W：It sounds nice. Thank you very much for your help.M：That's all right.(Text 8)W：May I help you, sir M：Yes. I'm looking for a nice gift for my wife. It's her birthday tomorrow.W: Perhaps she would like a nice necklace. We have many for you to choose from.M：I don't know. She's already got one.W：Well，then，maybe a ring or a watch would be nice.M：Yes. She may need a new watch. The one she's wearing was passed down from her grandmother. So she's always late for work.W：The gold one is pretty.M：Yes，it is. But are these diamonds real W：Yes, they are. This watch usually costs $2，500. But if you buy it now，I can give you 10% off.M：It's very nice. I'll take it. Do you accept credit cards or checks W：Both will do.(Text 9)W：Good morning，Mr. Sharp. I'm awfully sorry I'm late.M：You're late every morning, Miss Smith. You were late Tuesday, yesterday... Don't you have a watch W：Yes，but it wasn't my fault. I stood in the rain for an hour this morning. I waited and waited for a bus. And then when one came, it was full.M：How about yesterday and the day before yesterday W：Well, I came by taxi yesterday and...M：And you were still late! And Tuesday W：Tuesday I went to see the doctor and I waited for my turn for almost two hours. It was terrible!M：And tomorrow, Miss Smith (Text 10)An important businessman was asked to give a twenty－minute speech in another city. He was too busy to write it himself, so he asked his secretary to put one together for him out of a large book of speeches which she had on her desk. She typed one out for him, and he picked it just in time to rush off to his plane. But when he gave his speech, it ran on for an hour，and the audience was bored by the end of it. When the businessman got back to his office，he complained to his secretary about this. “I told you it should be a twenty－minute speech，” he said to her angrily.“That's what I gave you，” she answered，“the original and the two copies. The original for you to read at the meeting and the two copies for the file.”第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AA river cruise （乘船游览） is an ideal opportunity to explore cities and landscapes beyond the ocean's reach, while you are enjoying fine dining and exceptional service of waterways. The grand river destinations listed below ensure there's a dream holiday tailored for you.Nile River CruiseYou'll spend a few days in Cairo, tasting local food and visiting ancient sites with a full-day city tour that takes in the Egyptian Museum and a visit to the famous Khan El Khalili market to pick up some local produce. Moving on, you'll enjoy a relaxing cruise down the Nile with some short trips along the way.Mekong River CruiseThe first few days will be spent on land where you'll discover Ho ChiMinh City. On your cruise, you'll make your way to Cambodia and discover floating villages, endless rice fields and breathtaking scenery. A visit to Cambodia's Angkor Wat is uniquely included, a UNESCO World Heritage site, where you'll have the memorable time when the sun goes down.Rhine River CruiseWith an experienced guide, we can enjoy Amsterdam before boarding the MS Amadeus ship where we'll discover cities like Cologne, Basel, and Strasbourg, each filled with rich history and culture. Optional short trips ashore include a visit to the famous wine region of Moselle Valley, where you can taste local wines.Danube River CruiseThe holiday begins in Munich, followed by a conducted city tour through the German city of Passau before cruising on the MS Amadeus ship. Along the cruise, you'll stop off in Emmer Dorf, where you'll enjoy a guided vineyard tour. You'll witness the operatic beauty of Vienna, the bohemian wonder of Budapest and all the fantastic Eastern European charm of Bratislava. An invite to the captain's grand dinner awaits you as the ship cruises into Linz.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了几项适合度假的乘船游览项目，为游客提供探索海洋之外的城市和景观的理想机会。21．What can you do in Cairo？( )A．Restore ancient sites.B．Join in beach activities.C．Learn to cook specials.D．Shop at a local market.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“You'll spend a few days in Cairo, tasting local food and visiting ancient sites with a full-day city tour that takes in the Egyptian Museum and a visit to the famous Khan El Khalili market to pick up some local produce. （你将在开罗呆几天，品尝当地美食，参观古遗址，参加全天的城市旅游，包括埃及博物馆，参观著名的汗·艾尔·哈利利市场，购买一些当地农产品。）”可知，在开罗可以在当地市场购物。故选D。22．What highlights the Mekong River Cruise？( )A．Going sightseeing on land.B．Surveying floating villages.C．Experiencing rice planting.D．Witnessing the beauty of sunset.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“A visit to Cambodia's Angkor Wat is uniquely included, a UNESCO World Heritage site, where you'll have the memorable time when the sun goes down. （参观柬埔寨的吴哥窟是独一无二的，它是联合国教科文组织的世界遗产，当太阳下山时，你将在那里度过难忘的时光。）”可知，湄公河之旅的亮点是见证美丽的日落。故选D。23．What do the last two cruises have in common？( )A．They offer a big dinner party.B．They serve local wine tasting.C．They provide a guided city tour.D．They allow access to Moselle Valley.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“With an experienced guide, we can enjoy Amsterdam before boarding the MS Amadeus ship where we'll discover cities like Cologne, Basel, and Strasbourg, each filled with rich history and culture. （在经验丰富的导游的带领下，我们可以在登上MS Amadeus之前欣赏阿姆斯特丹，然后我们将发现科隆，巴塞尔和斯特拉斯堡等城市，每个城市都充满了丰富的历史和文化。）”和最后一段第二句“Along the cruise, you'll stop off in Emmer Dorf, where you'll enjoy a guided vineyard tour. （沿着邮轮巡游，您将在埃默多夫停留，在那里您将享受专业引导的葡萄园之旅。）”可知，最后两个航行的共同之处是都提供有导游的城市旅游。故选C。BA heart attack led Ivan Markov to take up gardening on a small patch （小块土地） in front of his council flat. Now, he's spreading his love of nature across south London.Markov grew up on Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea, and learned to love nature in these tropical zones. In 2007, he moved to Lewisham, south-east London, to work as a teacher. Unfortunately, he was diagnosed with heart failure in 2010. During the treatment and recovery, he read about a local award for best garden, and though he only had a front garden outside his flat, he thought the competition would be something to work towards. He worked on his patch for most of the year, planting seeds and plants, such as flowers, berries and herbs. Surprisingly, he won the best front garden prize. “I couldn't believe it，” he said. “I nearly fell off my seat.”That was the start. Markov created a community nursery （苗圃） at the side of his house, and started planting bushes across the road. “I had so much beauty in my garden，” he says. “I wanted to share what I had.” He started offering guidance to others. News of Markov's green-fingered selflessness began to spread. “I go to someone's property and give them advice on how to plant a garden，” he says. He delivers cuttings and seeds and helps people report plants, but everything he does is free. To date, Markov has helped six neighbourhoods embrace sustainable gardening.He wants to show people you don't have to live in the country to create beauty. “It doesn't matter how much space you have. Outside my place there's a tiny square, tiny. I grow tomatoes there for my supper. The opportunities are endless.”Gardening gives Markov “the feeling of creating something from nothing and so much pleasure”. His dream is to create more green areas. Markov is making this corner of south-east London a paradise for all.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了为所有人创造绿色天堂的创造者——Ivan Markov从事园艺事业的励志故事。24．What can be inferred about Markov in Paragraph 2？( )A．He worked as a gardener.B．He failed in the competition.C．He won an education prize.D．He turned out a green finger.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“During the treatment and recovery, he read about a local award for best garden, and though he only had a front garden outside his flat, he thought the competition would be something to work towards. He worked on his patch for most of the year, planting seeds and plants, such as flowers, berries and herbs. Surprisingly, he won the best front garden prize.”可推知，他是一个园艺能手。故选D。25．Which can best describe Markov according to Paragraph 3？( )A．Smart and courageous.B．Confident and diligent.C．Generous and warm-hearted.D．Humorous and energetic.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，他主动和别人分享自己拥有的东西，说明他是热心的，他免费帮助别人说明他是慷慨的。故选C。26．What may Markov agree about gardening？( )A．Selflessness values a lot.B．Skilled techniques are needed.C．Much space is important.D．Desire to take actions matters.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段“He wants to show people you don't have to live in the country to create beauty. ‘It doesn't matter how much space you have. Outside my place there's a tiny square, tiny. I grow tomatoes there for my supper. The opportunities are endless.’”可推知，关于园艺，马尔科夫可能会同意采取行动的愿望很重要。故选D。27．What is the passage mainly about？( )A．The origin of a community nursery.B．A creator of a green paradise for all.C．A positive spirit against difficulty.D．The harmony of human and nature.答案：B解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A heart attack led Ivan Markov to take up gardening on a small patch （小块土地） in front of his council flat.”和文章最后一段“Gardening gives Markov ‘the feeling of creating something from nothing and so much pleasure’. His dream is to create more green areas. Markov is making this corner of south-east London a paradise for all.”可知，文章介绍了为所有人创造绿色天堂的创造者——Ivan Markov从事园艺事业的励志故事。故选B。CAre you interested in food, United States history, and the English language If so, American cookbooks provide wide information in all three subjects. The first, published in 1796, started a market that continues in the 21st century with online publications of such works. And, the literature offers more than just recipes （食谱）.Amy Bentley is a food historian at New York University. She said that cookbooks from the 1800s were used as a lifestyle and household guides. They included food recipes, but they were not central to the books back then. “So, there're some recipes for food, but it could be recipes for a cleaning solvent （溶剂） or what to do when your child has been poisoned and how to clean，” Bentley said.American Cookery by Amelia Simmons is the first cookbook published in the United States. Simmons wrote that her goal with the book was to improve the new generation of women in the US. And after the Civil War, cookbooks became more manifold. Writers started exploring local foods and customs in their work.Some communities would put together a group cookbook to raise money. These cookbooks provide a look into what the American middle class was eating throughout the years. Such works serve as a record of the traditions and interests of different neighbourhoods and groups.Throughout the years cookbooks have signified humanity's growth in knowledge, trends （趋势） and inventions. During the last part of the 19th century, for example, many recipes were informed by the dangers of food containing bacteria （细菌）. Then, in the 1930s, refrigerators （冰箱） became common objects in American homes. But cookbooks are not complete reflections of American life. Publishing companies mostly control cookbook content. And, their main goal is to make money from book sales.In the 21st century, with the growth of social media and food websites, publishing companies have less control. These new ways to share recipes have led to more open discussions about food and cooking. This gives the public more choices and power.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国烹饪书的发展史以及其作用。28．What can you find in the cookbooks from the 1800s？( )A．Travel guides. B．Popular clothes.C．Cleaning methods. D．Historical events.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“So, there're some recipes for food, but it could be recipes for a cleaning solvent （溶剂） or what to do when your child has been poisoned and how to clean”可知，你能在19世纪的烹饪书里找到清洗方法。故选C。29．What does the underlined word “manifold” mean in Paragraph 3？( )A．Various. B．Famous.C．Challenging. D．Serious.答案：A解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词后一句“Writers started exploring local foods and customs in their work.”可知，后来烹饪书里的内容开始丰富多样起来，画线词manifold的意思是“多种多样的”，和various意思相近。故选A。30．What is the author's purpose in mentioning refrigerators？( )A．To tell the importance of refrigerators.B．To show the development of technology.C．To provide an example of social problems.D．To prove cookbooks reflect the progress of human life.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Throughout the years cookbooks have signified humanity's growth in knowledge, trends （趋势） and inventions. During the last part of the 19th century, for example, many recipes were informed by the dangers of food containing bacteria （细菌）. Then, in the 1930s, refrigerators （冰箱） became common objects in American homes.”可知，作者提到冰箱的目的是为了证明烹饪书反映了人类生活的进步。故选D。31．From which part of a magazine is the text probably taken？( )A．Language. B．History.C．Culture. D．Education.答案：C解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要介绍了美国烹饪书的发展以及其作用，烹饪书隶属于文化的范畴，因此本文可能取自杂志的文化部分。故选C。DOver the years, many scientists have attempted to explain why spending time in green spaces can reduce feelings of stress and anxiety, from their supposed ability to clean the air to their mysterious effects on our brains.The most common saying I tend to hear is that plants, particularly houseplants, clean the air. The latest research now suggests that in indoor spaces you would need a lot of them before you see any noticeable benefit. How many Well, several hundred per square meter of living space to achieve the same benefit of simply opening a window.What we do know, however, is that there is something unusual about the color green that seems to affect how our brains function. Researchers investigating the effect of exercise on psychological well-being have found that seeing views of the natural world on screens had additional benefits over and above the workout alone. However, when they changed the screens to show the same views in black and white or in shades of red, the effect was markedly reduced compared to the original green. This may mean that having evergreen species in your garden or even something as simple as painting your fence green might contribute to its effect.Similarly, designing your garden to require higher maintenance （维护） so that it is not simply somewhere to sunbathe in summer may improve the beneficial effect by encouraging gentle workouts. Low-impact, prolonged exercise, such as gardening, can burn more calories （卡路里） than a hard-hitting gym session, despite feeling easier. It is a way of being active that may appeal to far more people.Gardening is also a classic form of practicing mindfulness, which can help to focus our thoughts on the here and now, distracting us from any worries or stresses. Mindfulness exercises are well-documented to have a positive impact on psychological well-being. So act now, embrace （接受） the power of greenery and turn your garden into a welcoming space.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了绿色空间对人们的心理健康的积极影响，以及园艺活动的益处。32．Which factor determines houseplants' effect on cleaning the air？( )A．Their quantity. B．Their colors.C．Their varieties. D．Their placement.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The latest research now suggests that in indoor spaces you would need a lot of them before you see any noticeable benefit. How many Well, several hundred per square meter of living space to achieve the same benefit of simply opening a window.”可知，决定室内植物清洁空气效果的因素是它们的数量。故选A。33．What is a benefit of seeing the color green during exercise？( )A．Promoting sports technique.B．Burning more calories.C．Increasing intelligence level.D．Improving mental health.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Researchers investigating the effect of exercise on psychological well-being have found that seeing views of the natural world on screens had additional benefits over and above the workout alone. However, when they changed the screens to show the same views in black and white or in shades of red, the effect was markedly reduced compared to the original green.”可知，运动时看到绿色的好处是改善心理健康。故选D。34．What contributes to the popularity of gardening？( )A．It is accessible and effective.B．It is affordable and appealing.C．It requires higher maintenance.D．It offers a connection with nature.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段可推知，园艺活动的普及性在于它的可及性和有效性。故选A。35．Why is gardening a form of mindfulness？( )A．It helps develop a sense of success.B．It frees us from our daily matters.C．It directs our attention to the present.D．It encourages learning and creativity.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Gardening is also a classic form of practicing mindfulness, which can help to focus our thoughts on the here and now, distracting us from any worries or stresses.”可知，园艺也是一种典型的正念练习方式，是因为它引导我们关注当下。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。On November 9, 2022, in the Wheat Straw Patchwork （麦秆画） Exhibition Hall of Mengsi Town Cultural Center, Linyi County, Shandong Province, lifelike wheat straw patchwork was hung on the wall, amazing the visitors.Straw patchwork is also known as wheat grass painting in China. 36( ) It originated in Sui and Tang Dynasties and took off in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Wheat, the main food for people to live on, holds significance in Chinese culture. 37( ) That's why straw patchwork carries such strong traditional spirit as well as fortune.38( ) Iron coloring is the key step in the process. This step involves the use of an electric iron as a painting tool on the straw. The heat from the iron works like a pen, changing the straw's color. Different forces create different shades of color and form layered feeling of the picture. 39( )Straw patchwork shows talents of Chinese artists with its excellent details and is highly enjoyed and appreciated by the Chinese and westerners. 40( ) Some artists who have received western art education have also joined in the art creation of wheat straw painting giving it new ideas and expression skills. With joint efforts, this ancient folk art will burst out more brilliant light.A．It means harvest and wealth.B．Pressing too hard or too light can ruin a work.C．This art form has a history of over 2，000 years.D．Straw patchwork is widely used in hotels or meeting halls.E．Creating a straw patchwork requires a process of over ten steps.F.Recently, many Chinese folk crafts have gained global recognition.G．Most people think that wheat straw is just a pile of weeds for feeding cattle.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了山东临沂县蒙石镇文化中心麦秆画展览馆中展出的栩栩如生的麦秆画，包括其历史起源、文化意义、制作工艺以及在艺术领域的影响和发展。36．答案：C解析：由上文“Straw patchwork is also known as wheat grass painting in China.”可知，本空应该介绍麦秆画的一些基本信息。根据下文的“It originated in Sui and Tang Dynasties and took off in Ming and Qing Dynasties.”可知，本空介绍麦秆画的历史。 故选C。37．答案：A解析：由上文“Wheat, the main food for people to live on, holds significance in Chinese culture.”可知，此处需要解释小麦为什么在文化中重要。A选项“It means harvest and wealth.”能承接上文，解释了小麦的文化象征意义。故选A。38．答案：E解析：由下文“Iron coloring is the key step in the process.”可知，本空应谈论麦秆画制作步骤。E选项“Creating a straw patchwork requires a process of over ten steps.”它引出了接下来要详细描述的制作过程，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。39．答案：B解析：由上文“Different forces create different shades of color and form layered feeling of the picture.”可知，前面强调了不同力度产生的效果，本空继续谈论不同力度产生的效果。B选项“Pressing too hard or too light can ruin a work.”补充说明了操作时的技巧要求，体现了这一工艺的精细程度，能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。40．答案：F解析：由上文“Straw patchwork shows talents of Chinese artists with its excellent details and is highly enjoyed and appreciated by the Chinese and westerners.”和下文的“Some artists who have received western art education have also joined in the art creation of wheat straw painting giving it new ideas and expression skills. With joint efforts, this ancient folk art will burst out more brilliant light.”可知，麦秆画获得了全球认可。F选项作为过渡句，既总结了前面提到的麦秆画受到的广泛喜爱，又引出了下文关于国际化的表述。故选F。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I worked at a small store that sold electric scooters （滑板车）. That was back in 2018 when they were still 41 to most people. At our store, we had a couple of models that our customers could take for a 42 ride. An old lady, who seemed to be seventy, came into the store. She had seen another customer riding a scooter, and she was 43 to ride one herself.My boss gave the old lady a(n) 44 to how everything works. The old lady rode away at full speed. My boss's jaw 45 ! Was she going to lose control, crash, and get seriously injured 46 ， that didn't happen. Thirty seconds later, the old lady was back with the biggest 47 on her face.The old lady called loudly, “I'll 48 it！”We 49 and assembled her new scooter. She then had us take a 50 of her standing proudly on her new scooter because she was going to 51 that to her grandkids! We thanked her for her 52 and waved our goodbyes before she rode off on her new scooter.I 53 these scooters in my spare time, and I often meet people who 54 these things are for younger people and that they're too 55 for an electric scooter. When they tell me that, I tell them the tale about the old lady who bought a scooter.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述一位老妇人在一家售卖电动滑板车的小店购买滑板车的经历，以及作者自己对骑滑板车的体验和观察，来展现电动滑板车不仅仅局限于年轻人使用的观念。41．( )A.important B．expensiveC．new D．necessary答案：C解析：句意：那是在2018年，当时它们对大多数人来说还很新鲜。根据前文“I worked at a small store that sold electric scooters （滑板车）.”可知，在2018年时，电动滑板车对大多数人来说还很新鲜。故选C。42．( )A.share B．testC．offer D．afford答案：B解析：句意：在我们的商店里，我们有几款车型供顾客试驾。根据后文“An old lady, who seemed to be seventy, came into the store. She had seen another customer riding a scooter”可知，一位老太太走进店里看到另一位顾客骑着滑板车，所以应是有几款车型供顾客试驾。故选B。43．( )A.afraid B．eagerC．anxious D．proud答案：B解析：句意：她看到另一位顾客骑着滑板车，她也很想自己骑一辆。根据后文“The old lady rode away at full speed.”可知，老太太想自己骑一辆。故选B。44．( )A.introduction B．interviewC．comment D．recommendation答案：A解析：句意：我的老板向那位老太太介绍了如何操作。根据后文“how everything works”可知，应是作者的老板向那位老太太介绍了操作方法。故选A。45．( )A.flew B．spreadC．disappeared D．dropped答案：D解析：根据前文“The old lady rode away at full speed.”可知，一位看上去有70岁的老太太全速驾驶电动滑板，应是让人大吃一惊的，所以此处用习语：one's jaw dropped意为“大吃一惊”符合语境。故选D。46．( )A.Finally B．LuckilyC．Obviously D．Generally答案：B解析：根据前文“Was she going to lose control, crash, and get seriously injured？”以及后文“that didn't happen.”可知，老太太没有失去控制，所以是幸运地。故选B。47．( )A.anger B．regretC．smile D．shock答案：C解析：句意：30秒后，老太太回来了，脸上挂着灿烂的笑容。根据后文“The old lady called loudly, ‘I'll 48 it！’”可知，老太太要买这个电动滑板，所以是很喜欢它，此处应是挂着灿烂的笑容回来了。故选C。48．( )A.bring B．takeC．fetch D．carry答案：B解析：根据后文“I tell them the tale about the old lady who bought a scooter.”可知，老太太买了新滑板车。故选B。49．( )A.unboxed B．changedC．updated D．downloaded答案：A解析：句意：我们打开箱子，组装她的新滑板车。根据后文“assembled her new scooter”结合常识可知，要组装她的新滑板车，需先开箱。故选A。50．( )A.break B．chanceC．sight D．picture答案：D解析：句意：然后她让我们拍了一张她骄傲地站在新滑板车上的照片，因为她要把这张照片送给她的孙子们！根据后文“her standing proudly on her new scooter”以及空前的take可知，此处应是“拍了一张她骄傲地站在新滑板车上的照片”符合语境。故选D。51．( )A.return B．donateC．explain D．send答案：D解析：根据前文“She then had us take a 50 of her standing proudly on her new scooter”可知，老太太让作者给她拍了照片，应是把这张照片送给她的孙子们。故选D。52．( )A.purchase B．presentationC．generosity D．kindness答案：A解析：句意：我们感谢她的购买，并在她骑上她的新滑板车之前挥手告别。根据后文“I tell them the tale about the old lady who bought a scooter.”可知，此处应是感谢她的购买。故选A。53．( )A.sell B．showC．ride D．improve答案：C解析：句意：我在业余时间骑这些滑板车，我经常遇到一些人，他们认为这些东西是年轻人的东西，他们太老了，不适合骑电动滑板车。根据后文“I often meet people”可知，应是在业余时间骑这些滑板车，才会经常遇到一些人。故选C。54．( )A.realize B．understandC．recognize D．think答案：D解析：根据后文“these things are for younger people and that they're too 55 for an electric scooter.”可知，这些东西是年轻人的东西，他们太老了，不适合骑电动滑板车，这是一种认知，所以应是他们认为。故选D。55．( )A.heavy B．smartC．old D．strong答案：C解析：根据前文“these things are for younger people”可知，有些人认为这些东西是年轻人的东西，所以是认为自己太老了，不适合骑电动滑板车。故选C。第二节（共10小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分15分）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sichuan dish and Hunan dish are both known for their hot flavors, which might appear similar 56. first sight. That's why Americans are pretty confused about how they are different.This 57. (confuse) results from how Hunan food 58. (introduce) to the American public. According to Kian Lam Kho, the author of Chinese food blog Red Cook, a group of Chinese chefs are said to have been trained in both Hunan and Sichuan dishes in 1945. When they later 59. (seek) opportunities in the United States, they brought Hunan and Sichuan dishes to New York, 60. these two cooking styles were adapted to suit local tastes.61． Kho puts it, these two dishes offer different flavors. Sichuan dish is characterized by the use of Sichuan peppercorns, which provide 62. unique numbing （麻木的） feeling. Hunan dish, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, 63. (feature) the mixture of fresh chilies （辣椒） and garlic （大蒜） to create a powerful spicy taste. Unlike Sichuan dish, Hunan dish does not typically include the numbing feeling of Sichuan peppercorns.“It is amazing how different Hunan cooking is, 64. (compare) to its confusing Sichuan cousin. It is 65. (true) worthwhile to seek out restaurants or cookbooks that faithfully recreate Hunan flavors in their menus.” Kho notes.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湘菜和川菜的不同，以及怎样被介绍到美国的。56．答案：at解析：句意：川菜和湘菜都以辣著称，乍一看可能很相似。at first sight“乍一看”。故填at。57．答案：confusion解析：句意：这种困惑源于湘菜是如何被介绍给美国公众的。空处应填名词作主语，confusion为不可数名词。故填confusion。58．答案：was introduced解析：句子是描述过去发生的事情，且主语Hunan food和谓语动词introduce之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填was introduced。59．答案：sought解析：句意：当他们后来在美国寻找机会时，他们把湖南菜和四川菜带到纽约，并对这两种烹饪风格进行了调整，以适应当地的口味。seek是从句谓语动词，结合上下文以及主句中brought可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情。故填sought。60．答案：where/and解析：此处可看作引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是New York，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导；也可看作并列句，空前后是并列顺承关系，使用and连接。故填where/and。61．答案：As解析：句意：正如Kho所说，这两道菜的味道不同。as sb. puts it“正如某人所说”，是固定句型。故填As。62．答案：a解析：句意：川菜的特点是使用花椒，它提供了一种独特的麻的感觉。feeling表示“一种感觉”，泛指，使用不定冠词，且unique发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。63．答案：featuring解析：句意：另一方面，湘菜以其大胆和辛辣的口味而闻名，其特点是将新鲜的辣椒和大蒜混合在一起，创造出强烈的辛辣味道。feature和逻辑主语flavors之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作伴随状语。故填featuring。64．答案：compared解析：句意：与令人困惑的四川菜相比，湖南菜的烹饪方式是如此的不同。compare和逻辑主语Hunan cooking之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作状语。故填compared。65．答案：truly解析：句意：“寻找那些在菜单上忠实再现湖南风味的餐馆或食谱确实值得一试，” Kho指出。修饰形容词worthwhile应用副词形式。故填truly。第四部分 写作（共两节， 满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华。暑假将至，你打算到加拿大游玩，请你给渥太华的笔友Peter写封邮件，向他咨询相关信息，内容包括：1．请他推荐参观的地点；2．征求在加拿大旅游的一些建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Dear Peter，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，Li Hua参考范文：Dear Peter，Summer vacation is approaching. I'm planning to visit Canada during the break and I hope you can recommend some must-see attractions that I should visit when I am in Canada.Meanwhile I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice about traveling in Canada such as transportation, dining, and possible accommodations. I want to make the most out of my trip and I know that locals always have the best insights.Thank you in advance for your help and I'm looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Wolf! Hank thought. The boy stared out of the cabin （小木屋） window at the animal. It was sitting a stone's throw away in the moonlight. The wolf howling （嚎叫）， Hank shook slightly. For the first time, he felt truly alone in the mountains.It had felt good to be allowed to come along with Dad. Dad was a scientist who studied wild animals. Two days ago, they had moved into an empty cabin. Here, Dad would write a report about what he had found. But they discovered that dozens and dozens of mice had taken over the cabin. The little creatures had gotten into the supplies of dried food and ruined almost everything.Now, because most of the food was gone, Dad had left to get new supplies from town and would be staying overnight. Hank had insisted on staying behind.The wolf howl sounding again, Hank opened the logbook to write about it, but his hand shook. Dad had never mentioned having any trouble with wolves. Hank closed the logbook and put it on the table. Quickly he looked around for something he could use as a weapon just in case. He grabbed a stick from the fireplace, went to the door, and took a deep breath.Then he opened the door, waved the stick, and shouted with all his might （强大力量）： “Go away, wolf. Go away！” Shocked, the wolf sprang （跳跃） and started running away. Hank closed the door, his heart pounding hard. When he'd caught his breath, he turned back to the window. Oh, no! There was the wolf sitting right where it had sat before.Hank stared at the wolf. The wolf stared right back at him. Hank was staring into the eyes of a hunter. He knew, like all creatures, the wolf needed to eat. Hank's dad had said wolves play their part in the environment by eating deer, rabbits, and other animals. But maybe, like the hungry mice that were running about Hank's feet, wolves go for any food they can find. Suddenly, Hank heard a squeaky （吱吱叫的） noise!注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Holding his breath, Hank raised his head to see.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________As the wolf sprang up and tried to catch another mouse, Hank opened the logbook again.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文：Holding his breath, Hank raised his head to see. He found the wolf, howling wildly, was chasing some mice in the moonlight. Letting out squeaky noises, the mice ran about on the grass aimlessly. Suddenly the hungry wolf sprang up, catching a mouse. Sitting a stone's throw away, it ate the mouse it captured. Running about its feet were dozens of noisy mice. The wolf rose, ready to catch another mouse. Shocked, Hank turned back to the table for his logbook.As the wolf sprang up and tried to catch another mouse, Hank opened the logbook again.His heart pounded hard. Grabbing the pen, Hank quickly wrote what was happening outside the cabin. Another mouse caught, the wolf swallowed it whole. The hunting over, the wolf ran away with its stomach filled. Closing the logbook, Hank took a deep breath, feeling so good. It was the first time that he had stayed alone in the mountains to study wild animals. That night he stayed awake, eager to report what he discovered to his dad.【导语】 本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了Hank和身为研究野生动物的科学家的爸爸去山里一间小木屋研究动物，因老鼠啃食了食物，爸爸去城里买新的食物，只留下Hank一人在木屋过夜，外面传来狼的嚎叫，Hank抓起一根木棍作为武器并大喊着想吓走狼，但狼依然坐在门外，Hank意识到狼在觅食，并突然听到了吱吱叫的声音。【详解】1．段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Hank屏住呼吸，抬起头去看。”可知，第一段可描写Hank目睹狼在门外抓捕老鼠的过程。②由第二段首句内容“当狼跳起来想抓另一只老鼠时，Hank又打开了日志。”可知，第二段可描写Hank记录下狼捕食老鼠的过程并急于和爸爸分享。2．续写线索：看到捕食过程——拿起日志——记录——狼离开——感觉良好——急于告诉爸爸UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES单元知识预览素养目标文化意识了解多元文化现象，理解美国多元文化形成的根源和社会背景，拓宽国际视野，提升文化理解和鉴别能力。思维品质理解中国文化的多样性，学习并了解我国少数民族文化，坚定文化自信，拥护民族团结，增强中华民族自豪感。学习能力能够利用结构图梳理文本信息，分析语篇脉络结构，提升语篇分析意识和能力。语言能力?必记单词diverse fortuneadmit definitelyoccur downtowndistrict afterwardsseek selectjournal claimminority escapefinancial poetrypoison foldcollection climatemild settleconstruction materialsuit itemcontain neat重点短语head toseek one's fortuneearn a livingseries ofapart frombring aboutto name but a few(at) first hand经典句型1．It＋系动词＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.2．There be＋sb./sth.＋非谓语动词3．what引导的主语从句4．“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句,核心语法省略话题写作如何介绍地点三言两语背金句1．If we can't understand the cultural differences between different countries, it may cause misunderstanding.如果我们不了解不同国家之间的文化差异，就可能会引起误解。2．With increased interaction between the world's nations, there is a great urgency for us to absorb different cultures.随着世界各国间交流的增多，我们迫切需要吸收不同的文化。3．The reason why I have been longing to go to China is that I want to experience Chinese culture, which is believed to be the most profound in the world.我一直渴望去中国的原因是，我想去体验被认为是世界上最博大精深的中国文化。4．We are all different, which is great because we are all unique. Without diversity, life would be very boring.—Catherine Pulsifer我们都各不相同，这很好，因为我们每个人都是独一无二的。失去了多样性，生活将极其枯燥乏味。——凯瑟琳·普尔西弗Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking预学案·知识为基听说读写听力词汇·清障话题听力·体验听下面几段对话，回答以下小题。1．What does the woman think is the most interesting thing about San Francisco A.Its film industry.B.Its transport.C．Its architecture.2．Where is the most expensive area in San Francisco A．By the seaside.B．On the highest hill.C．In the city center.3．Which place does the man want to visit A．The Transamerica Pyramid.B．Pacific Heights.C．Muir Woods.主题语境·听说孙阳是一名高二学生，露西是来自加拿大的交换生，他们就多元文化对美国饮食的影响进行了交流……阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。Sun Yang: Hello, Lucy! We learned Western culture yesterday in class. Today 1.______________________ (我们将谈谈文化对美国食物的影响).Lucy： OK! I want to have a better understanding about it.Sun Yang: 2.________________ (当谈及美国饮食时), some say no food was ever invented in America. What do you think Lucy：Hmm...That is not really true. For example，3.________________________ (有人说汉堡原产于德国汉堡市), but they are wrong. The recipe for the meat in a hamburger may have come from Germany, but the final hamburger we know today was definitely created by Americans.Sun Yang: 4.____________________________ (你的意思是有一种混合文化)？Food from overseas changed when it arrived in the United States.Lucy：Yes. I also know that nachos was invented by a Mexican cook for his American customers. Fortune cookies are not Chinese.Sun Yang: Wow! That's interesting!Lucy：And then we have gumbo, the spicy stew. It was invented in New Orleans over 200 years ago, and mixes French, African, Native American, and Spanish cooking.Sun Yang: 5.________________________ (所以它是许多不同文化的食物), all in one fish Lucy：Exactly. American cooking often mixes things from around the world to make something completely new.研学案·素养为本精讲精练探·听力发音技巧意群的划分原则发音技巧1．什么是意群？意群是按照意思和语法结构分为若干在意思上相对完整且在语法上密切联系的句子片段。2．意群划分基本原则①冠词与名词， 如an English novel;②形容词与名词， 如that red-blue pencil;③系动词与表语， 如is a problem;④介词短语， 如in front of the building;⑤动词不定式短语， 如to believe the evil rumor;⑥分词短语， 如facing the south;⑦动名词短语， 如seeing him happy;⑧动词及其主语或宾语，如received a letter;⑨副词与动词， 如has been working hard;⑩关系词与从句， 如which moved us deeply; 连词与后面的部分， 如either by boat or by train。听词辩音听录音， 用“/”符号为下面的句子划分意群1．There are only two windows in that room.2．He said that he would do better in his English study.3．We worked with the workers there and learned a lot from them.4．The forest had been green in the summer when we had come into the town.5．Last Sunday evening, most of my classmates went to the Christmas party held by Mr. John. 学·语言要点知识1)diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的(1)be diverse from... 和……不同diverse views 不同的观点(2)diversity n. 差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性a great diversity of 多种多样的[练透] 单句语法填空①One of the best ways to improve your vocabulary is to read widely and ________ (diverse).②It was February 21, the International Mother Language Day, a day to celebrate language and cultural ________ (diverse).[写美] 完成句子③我一定要抓住这次宝贵的机会，体验不同国家的美食。I must grasp this precious opportunity to ________________ different countries.[名师指津] 名词后缀“-ity”， 表示“性质，状态，程度”。如：diverse adj. →diversity n．差异，不同，多样性 able adj. →ability n．能力possible adj. →possibility n．可能性 real adj. →reality n．现实，真实2)fortune n.机会；运气；财富(1)have a good fortune 好运try one's fortune 碰运气make a fortune 发财(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写][练透] 单句语法填空①I am fortunate ________ (have) a thoughtful enough Mom to help me through the hard times.②Nowadays there are more and more young people seeking their fortune in big cities and dreaming of making ________ fortune overnight.③________ (fortune), it was my teacher who taught me how to open the door to writing and taste the enjoyment of writing.[写美] 完成句子④在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。In China, children are given money in a red envelope ________________ in the New Year.练·课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单词拼写1．English is a language shared by several d________ cultures, each of which uses it differently.2．He is determined to make his ________ (运气) by selling chips in Beijing.3．Please give me some ________ (奶酪), for I am hungry now.Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式1．________________ (他很可能) he will represent his school to deliver a speech.2．She ________________________ (足够幸运找到一份工作) as soon as she graduated from college.3．As is known to us, we ____________________________________ (我们生活在所谓的信息时代).UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURESSection Ⅰ Listening and Speaking预学案听力词汇·清障1．hamburger 2.cookie 3.chip 4.cheese 5.spicy6．ethnic话题听力·体验答案：1.C 2.B 3.C听力原文M：Hi, Tracy. I heard you're from San Francisco. So, what is the most interesting thing about your city W：Well, San Francisco has many interesting things, such as its transport and film industry, but the most interesting thing is its architecture, I think. The most unique building is probably the Transamerica Pyramid.M：What is the most expensive area in San Francisco W：Well, the most expensive area is Pacific Heights; it's on the highest hill and you can see the whole city there.M：Hmm, what is the most beautiful place in San Francisco W：Well, actually the most beautiful place is outside the city. It's called Muir Woods. And it has the tallest trees in the world. They're also the oldest trees in North America. Some of them are over 2，000 years old.M：Wow. It sounds like someplace I would like to see.主题语境·听说1．we will talk about cultural influences on American food2．When it comes to American food3．some say the hamburger comes from Hamburg in Germany4．You mean there was a mixing of cultures5．So it is the food of many different cultures研学案探·听力发音技巧听词辨音1．There are only two windows/in that room.2．He said/that he would do better/in his English study.3．We worked/with the workers there/and learned a lot/from them.4．The forest had been green/in the summer/when we had come into the town.5．Last Sunday evening，/most of my classmates/went to the Christmas party/held by Mr. John.学· 语言要点知识1．①diversely ②diversity ③experience diverse foods from2．①to have ②a ③Fortunately ④to bring good fortune练·课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单词拼写1．diverse 2.fortune 3.cheeseⅡ.固定搭配和句式1．It is likely that2．was fortunate enough to find a job3．live in what is called Information Age 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking.docx Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking.docx Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures——省略.docx Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing.docx Section Ⅴ Writing——如何介绍地点.docx 单元素养评价（三） UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES.docx
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