Unit 7 Happy Birthday! 重点 2025-2026学年人教版(2024)七年级英语上册

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Unit 7 Happy Birthday! 重点 2025-2026学年人教版(2024)七年级英语上册

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一、词汇与短语详解
知识点 含义 / 用法 衍生词 / 拓展
wise 意思:明智的;聪明的词性:形容词(adj.) 副词:______(明智地):______(智慧)例句:He made a wise decision.(他做了一个明智的决定)
be worth doing 含义:值得做某事用法:主语为事物,doing 用主动形式表被动 例句:The book is worth reading.(这本书值得一读)
have to 意思:______;用法:强调客观需求,有人称、时态变化(has to/had to) 区别:must(主观意愿)例句:It's raining, I have to stay at home.(下雨了,我不得不待在家里)
protect them from the sun 含义:保护它们免受阳光伤害 > 固定搭配:protect sb/sth from sth(保护某人 / 某物免受某物伤害) 拓展:protect...against...(侧重对抗大的威胁)> 例句:We should protect our eyes from strong light.(我们应该保护眼睛免受强光伤害)
big 的最高级 规则变化:______ 最高级用法:______及以上比较,前加 the 原级:big(大的)比较级:______(更大的)例句:This is the biggest apple in the basket.(这是篮子里最大的苹果)
across 和 through 区别:across:从物体表面穿过(如______、道路、河流):从物体内部穿过(如隧道、森林、人群) 词性:均为介词 Walk across the street.(穿过街道)Go through the forest.(穿过森林)
at the beginning of 含义:在…… 的开始接名词 / 代词(如时间、事件、物体) 反义短语:at the end of(在…… 的末尾)例句:At the beginning of the class, we sing a song.(上课开始时,我们唱一首歌)
help children in need 含义:帮助有需要的孩子 > 短语解析:in need(处于困境中,作后置定语) 拓展:help sb in trouble(帮助有困难的人)Many people volunteer to help children in need.(很多人自愿帮助有需要的孩子)
spend...on... / Spend...in... 用法:spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth(在某物上花费时间 / 金钱)spend + 时间 / 金钱 + (in) doing sth(花费时间 / 金钱做某事,in 可省略) 主语:必须是人 spends 2 hours on English every day.(她每天花 2 小时学英语)He spent a lot of money (in) buying books.(他花了很多钱买书)
need(情态动词 / 实义动词) 1. 情态动词:需要;必须:后接动词原形,无第三人称单数变化,否定式为 needn't,疑问句直接提前 2. 实义动词:需要接 to do sth(需要做某事),有人称、时态变化,否定式为 don't/doesn't/didn't need 例句:情态动词:Need I finish it now (我现在必须完成吗?)实义动词:He needs to go to the doctor.(他需要去看医生)
It doesn’t matter 含义:______;没关系回应他人的道歉、失误或不重要的事情 拓展:常用答语:It doesn’t matter. / Never mind.(没关系)— I'm sorry I'm late. — It doesn’t matter.(— 对不起我迟到了。— 没关系。)
make a budget 含义:______ 动词短语(make 为动词,budget 为名词) 拓展:budget(n. 预算)/budget(v. 做预算):We should make a budget before traveling.(旅行前我们应该制定预算)
leave sb/sth + adj 含义:使某人 / 某物处于某种状态 leave 为使役动词,adj 作宾语补足语 例句:Leave the door open.(让门开着)He left her happy.(他让她很开心)
one 和 it 的用法 区别:泛指前面提到的一类人或事物,可指单数或复数(ones),可接定语 > it:指代前面提到的那个具体的人或事物,不可接定语 注意:one 不可指代不可数名词 > 例句:I don't like this pen. Please give me another one.(我不喜欢这支笔,给我另一支)>This is my book. It is interesting.(这是我的书,它很有趣)
practise ______(do) sth 固定搭配:practise doing sth(练习做某事)practise 为动词,后接动名词作宾语 例句:She practises playing the piano every evening.(她每天晚上练习弹钢琴)
price is _______(cheap/expensive/high/low) 正确搭配:price 用 high(高的)/low(低的)修饰;物品用 cheap(便宜的)/expensive(昂贵的)修饰 例句:The price of this phone is high.(这部手机的价格很高)This phone is expensive.(这部手机很贵)
give sb sth= give sth _____sb 固定搭配:give sth to sb(把某物给某人)双宾语结构,间接宾语(sb)可后置,需加介词 to 例句:He gave me a book. = He gave a book to me.(他给了我一本书)
China was the first country in the world. 翻译:中国是世界上第一个国家(注:此处结合教材语境,指特定领域,如造纸术等发明相关语境)语法:序数词 first 前加定冠词 the 拓展:the + 序数词 + 名词(第几……)> 例句:She is the first student to arrive.(她是第一个到的学生)
二、例题解析
(一)Across 和 through 选词填空
We took a boat ______ the river.
A. across B. through
The train goes ______ several tunnels on its way to the mountains.
A. across B. through
(二)one 和 it 适当形式填空
I have a dog, and my sister wants ______ too.
I have a dog. I walk ______ every day.
This problem is difficult. Can you solve ______
If you need a ticket, I can get ______ for you.
— Which house is yours
— ______ is the red ______ over there.
(三)语法填空
There_____ (be)some milk.
There is a boy ______(stand) in front of the house.
Practise ______(do) sth
Price is _______(cheap/expensive/high/low)
give sb sth= give sth _____sb
三、课堂练习
用 across/through 填空:
① The light goes ______ the window.
② They swam ______ the lake.
用 one/it 填空:
① I lost my pen. I need to buy a new ______.
② — Is this your bag — Yes, ______ is.
语法填空:
① She spends 3 hours ______ (do) homework every day.
② The coat is ______ (high/expensive), so its price is ______ (high/expensive).
③ He needs ______ (finish) the work today.(need 作实义动词)
④ Leave the window ______ (close) when you go out.
翻译句子:
① 这本书值得一读。(be worth doing)
② 我们应该保护动物免受伤害。(protect...from...)
③ 他花了很多钱在书上。(spend...on...)
答案:
知识点 含义 / 用法 衍生词 / 拓展
wise 意思:明智的;聪明的词性:形容词(adj.) 副词:___wisely___(明智地):___wisdom___(智慧)例句:He made a wise decision.(他做了一个明智的决定)
be worth doing 含义:值得做某事用法:主语为事物,doing 用主动形式表被动 例句:The book is worth reading.(这本书值得一读)
have to 意思:不得不 用法:强调客观需求,有人称、时态变化(has to/had to) 区别:must(主观意愿)例句:It's raining, I have to stay at home.(下雨了,我不得不待在家里)
protect them from the sun 含义:保护它们免受阳光伤害 > 固定搭配:protect sb/sth from sth(保护某人 / 某物免受某物伤害) 拓展:protect...against...(侧重对抗大的威胁)> 例句:We should protect our eyes from strong light.(我们应该保护眼睛免受强光伤害)
big 的最高级 规则变化:_辅元辅结构_____ 最高级用法:___三者___及以上比较,前加 the 原级:big(大的)比较级:___bigger___(更大的)例句:This is the biggest apple in the basket.(这是篮子里最大的苹果)
across 和 through 区别:across:从物体表面穿过(如__马路____、道路、河流):从物体内部穿过(如隧道、森林、人群) 词性:均为介词 Walk across the street.(穿过街道)Go through the forest.(穿过森林)
at the beginning of 含义:在…… 的开始接名词 / 代词(如时间、事件、物体) 反义短语:at the end of(在…… 的末尾)例句:At the beginning of the class, we sing a song.(上课开始时,我们唱一首歌)
help children in need 含义:帮助有需要的孩子 > 短语解析:in need(处于困境中,作后置定语) 拓展:help sb in trouble(帮助有困难的人)Many people volunteer to help children in need.(很多人自愿帮助有需要的孩子)
spend...on... / Spend...in... 用法:spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth(在某物上花费时间 / 金钱)spend + 时间 / 金钱 + (in) doing sth(花费时间 / 金钱做某事,in 可省略) 主语:必须是人 spends 2 hours on English every day.(她每天花 2 小时学英语)He spent a lot of money (in) buying books.(他花了很多钱买书)
need(情态动词 / 实义动词) 1. 情态动词:需要;必须:后接动词原形,无第三人称单数变化,否定式为 needn't,疑问句直接提前 2. 实义动词:需要接 to do sth(需要做某事),有人称、时态变化,否定式为 don't/doesn't/didn't need 例句:情态动词:Need I finish it now (我现在必须完成吗?)实义动词:He needs to go to the doctor.(他需要去看医生)
It doesn’t matter 含义:___不要紧___;没关系回应他人的道歉、失误或不重要的事情 拓展:常用答语:It doesn’t matter. / Never mind.(没关系)— I'm sorry I'm late. — It doesn’t matter.(— 对不起我迟到了。— 没关系。)
make a budget 含义:_制作预算_____ 动词短语(make 为动词,budget 为名词) 拓展:budget(n. 预算)/budget(v. 做预算):We should make a budget before traveling.(旅行前我们应该制定预算)
leave sb/sth + adj 含义:使某人 / 某物处于某种状态 leave 为使役动词,adj 作宾语补足语 例句:Leave the door open.(让门开着)He left her happy.(他让她很开心)
one 和 it 的用法 区别:泛指前面提到的一类人或事物,可指单数或复数(ones),可接定语 > it:指代前面提到的那个具体的人或事物,不可接定语 注意:one 不可指代不可数名词 > 例句:I don't like this pen. Please give me another one.(我不喜欢这支笔,给我另一支)>This is my book. It is interesting.(这是我的书,它很有趣)
practise ___doing___(do) sth 固定搭配:practise doing sth(练习做某事)practise 为动词,后接动名词作宾语 例句:She practises playing the piano every evening.(她每天晚上练习弹钢琴)
price is _______(cheap/expensive/high/low) 正确搭配:price 用 high(高的)/low(低的)修饰;物品用 cheap(便宜的)/expensive(昂贵的)修饰 例句:The price of this phone is high.(这部手机的价格很高)This phone is expensive.(这部手机很贵)
give sb sth= give sth __to___sb 固定搭配:give sth to sb(把某物给某人)双宾语结构,间接宾语(sb)可后置,需加介词 to 例句:He gave me a book. = He gave a book to me.(他给了我一本书)
China was the first country in the world. 翻译:中国是世界上第一个国家(注:此处结合教材语境,指特定领域,如造纸术等发明相关语境)语法:序数词 first 前加定冠词 the 拓展:the + 序数词 + 名词(第几……)> 例句:She is the first student to arrive.(她是第一个到的学生)
二、例题解析
(一)Across 和 through 选词填空
1. We took a boat ______ the river. 答案:A. across 解析:river(河流)是平面物体,“乘船过河”是从表面穿过,用 across。
2. The train goes ______ several tunnels on its way to the mountains. 答案:B. through 解析:tunnel(隧道)是封闭空间,“穿过隧道”是从内部穿过,用 through。
(二)one 和 it 适当形式填空
1. I have a dog, and my sister wants ______ too. 答案:one 解析:此处泛指“一只狗”,属于前面提到的“狗”这一类事物,用 one。
2. I have a dog. I walk ______ every day. 答案:it 解析:此处指代前面提到的“那只特定的狗”,是具体事物,用 it。
3. This problem is difficult. Can you solve ______ 答案:it 解析:指代前面提到的“这个具体的问题”,用 it。
4. If you need a ticket, I can get ______ for you. 答案:one 解析:泛指“一张票”,属于“票”这一类事物,用 one。
5. — Which house is yours — ______ is the red ______ over there. 答案:It;one 解析:第一个空指代“你问的那栋特定的房子”,用 it;第二个空泛指“红色的那栋房子”,属于“房子”这一类,用 one。
(三)语法填空
1. There_____ (be)some milk. 答案:is 解析:milk 是不可数名词,there be 句型遵循“就近原则”,用 is。
2. There is a boy ______(stand) in front of the house. 答案:standing 解析:此处为现在分词作后置定语,修饰 boy,“站在房子前的男孩”,主动关系用 standing。
3. Practise ______(do) sth 答案:doing 解析:固定搭配 practise doing sth,后接动名词作宾语。
4. Price is _______(cheap/expensive/high/low) 答案:high/low 解析:price(价格)用 high 或 low 修饰,不能用 cheap 或 expensive(修饰具体物品)。
5. give sb sth= give sth _____sb 答案:to 解析:固定搭配 give sth to sb,双宾语结构中间接宾语后置需加介词 to。
三、课堂练习
用 across/through 填空:
① The light goes ______ the window. 答案:through 解析:window(窗户),光线从窗户内部穿过,用 through。
② They swam ______ the lake. 答案:across 解析:lake(湖),游泳穿过湖面是从表面穿过,用 across。
用 one/it 填空:
① I lost my pen. I need to buy a new ______. 答案:one 解析:泛指“一支新钢笔”,属于“钢笔”这一类,用 one。
② — Is this your bag — Yes, ______ is. 答案:it 解析:指代前面提到的“这个具体的包”,用 it。
语法填空:
① She spends 3 hours ______ (do) homework every day. 答案:doing 解析:固定搭配 spend (in) doing sth,in 可省略,后接动名词。
② The coat is ______ (high/expensive), so its price is ______ (high/expensive). 答案:expensive;high 解析:coat(外套)是具体物品,用 expensive 修饰;price(价格)用 high 修饰。
③ He needs ______ (finish) the work today.(need 作实义动词)答案:to finish 解析:need 作实义动词时,固定搭配 need to do sth,后接动词不定式。
④ Leave the window ______ (close) when you go out. 答案:closed 解析:leave sb/sth + adj 结构,此处用形容词 closed(关闭的)作宾语补足语,表状态。
翻译句子:
① 这本书值得一读。(be worth doing)答案:This book is worth reading.
解析:主语是事物 the book,用 be worth doing 结构,read 用主动形式表被动。
② 我们应该保护动物免受伤害。(protect...from...)
答案:We should protect animals from harm. 解析:固定搭配 protect sb/sth from sth,“动物”用 animals,“伤害”用 harm。
③ 他花了很多钱在书上。(spend...on...)
答案:He spent a lot of money on books. 解析:主语是人 he,“花了”表示过去时用 spent,“很多钱”是 a lot of money,“在书上”用 on books。

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